MyMedR

Fulltext First report of Suidasia pontifica (Acari : Acaridae) in milk powder

Ho TM

Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 1996 Dec;27(4):853-4.

PMID: 9253898

Matched MeSH terms: Animals

Exoristobia philippinensis, a common parasitoid of synantrophic flies (Hymenoptera, encyrtidae)

Kadarsan S, Jeffery J

Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 1981 Dec;12(4):615-6.

PMID: 7344118

Matched MeSH terms: Animals

Fulltext A survey of anisakid larvae in marine fish in Penang, Malaysia

Leong TS

Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 1980 Dec;11(4):493-5.

PMID: 7221690

A total of 104 marine fish belonging to 12 species in 6 families were examined for anisakid larvae. All except one fish species were infected with one or more types of anisakid larvae. Three types of anisakid larvae were recovered, the most abundant being Anisakis type 1 (9 out of 11 fish species) followed by Contracaecum type B (6 out of 11) and Terranova type B (1 out of 11). Latianus malabaricus has the highest mean intensity of both Anisakis type 1 and Contracaecum type B. The public health hazard of anisakine nematodes is briefly discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Animals

Tanaisia fedtschenkoi from body cavity of Gallus gallus

Sinniah B

Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 1980 Sep;11(3):423.

PMID: 7444591

Matched MeSH terms: Animals

Principles and scope of population genetics in the study of vector mosquitoes

Yong HS

Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 1988 Dec;19(4):657-9.

PMID: 3070769

Matched MeSH terms: Animals

SEM studies on differential morphology between the adult Malaysian schistosome and Schistosoma japonicum

Phansri W, Ow-Yang CK, Lai PF, Greer GJ

Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 1984 Dec;15(4):525.

PMID: 6535267

Matched MeSH terms: Animals

A description of a pleurolophocercous cercaria of Procerovum sp from the Haplorchis group of heterophyid trematodes

Surin J

Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 1993 Dec;24(4):692-6.

PMID: 7939942

Freshwater snails, Stenomelania denisoniensis (Brot) from Tinaroo Dam, North Queensland, Australia were found to be infected with a heterophyid cercaria identified as Procerovum sp. The tail of the cercaria has finfolds which are bilateral anteriorly and dorso-ventral posteriorly, features which separate it from other genera in the Haplorchis-group. This group is differentiated from the cercariae of all the other heterophyid genera by the presence of the penetration glands that extend to the posterior end of the body lateral to the excretory bladder. This paper presents a full description of the cercaria, together with comparisons with other known species of Procerovum.

Matched MeSH terms: Animals

Digenetic trematodes from rats, squirrels and tree shrews in Malaysia

Betterton C, Lim BL

Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 1975 Sep;6(3):343-58.

PMID: 816008

Neodiplostomum (Conodiplostomum) Brachylaima, Ectosiphonus and Euparadistomum are reported for the first time from small mammals in Malaysia. New host and locality records are given for Echinostoma, Achillurbainia, Beaveria, Odeningotrema, Leipertrema, Athesmia, Skrjabinus and Zonorchis. Possible-life-cycles of the parasites are discussed in relation to the ecology and feeding habits of the hosts.

Matched MeSH terms: Animals

Periplaneta americana (L.) as intermediate host of Moniliformis moniliformis (Bremser) in Penang, Malaysia

Anuar AK, Paran TP

Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 1976 Sep;7(3):415-6.

PMID: 1025741

Matched MeSH terms: Animals

The freshwater snail lymnaea rubiginosa as an experimental host of Angiostrongylus malaysiensis: a preliminary report

Dondero TJ, Lim BL

Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 1976 Mar.

PMID: 1027105

Preliminary studies have shown that Lymnaea rubiginosa, a common fresh-water snail in Peninsular Malaysia, which is easily colonized and reared in the laboratory, is a capable experimental intermediate host for Angiostrongylus malaysiensis. Overall 73% of the snails tested became infected following 6 hours exposure to infective rat faeces. Higher infection rates, up to 100%, and heavier worm loads, occurred among the larger sized snails. Snail attrition was low except when very heavy worm loads were acquired.

Matched MeSH terms: Animals

Distribution of rats infected with Rickettsia tsutsugamushi (scrub typhus) in an edge habitat

Muul I, Chai KS

Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 1978 Dec;9(4):489-93.

PMID: 751214

No focalization of rats (Rattus tiomanicus and R. argentiventer) infected with Rickettsia tsutsugamushi could be discerned over a 500 m trapping transect at the border between a forest and lalang grass (Imperata cylindrica). R. tiomanicus appeared to occupy 250 m of the transect on the average and had periods during which infections were observed which averaged 97 days. Calulations indicated that more than 50% of individuals become infected over their life-time. The high rate of infection in this and other areas described in earlier publications and the habits of the rats suggest that infected mites are densely and widely dispersed in the areas studied in Malaysia.

Matched MeSH terms: Animals

A survey of snail hosts and larval trematodes collected by peninsular Malaysia and Singapore from 1972 to 1977

Palmieri JR, Sullivan JT, Ow-Yang CK

Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 1977 Jun;8(2):275-7.

PMID: 918717

Matched MeSH terms: Animals

Fulltext Casualty evacuation by helicopter in Malaya

HARVEY EB

Br Med J, 1951 Sep 01;2(4730):542-4.

PMID: 14869641

Matched MeSH terms: Animals

High-resolution chromosome-level genome of Scylla paramamosain provides molecular insights into adaptive evolution in crabs

Zhang Y, Yuan Y, Zhang M, Yu X, Qiu B, Wu F, et al.

BMC Biol, 2024 Nov 07;22(1):255.

PMID: 39511558 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-02054-1

BACKGROUND: Evolutionary adaptation drives organismal adjustments to environmental pressures, exemplified in the diverse morphological and ecological adaptations seen in Decapoda crustaceans, particularly brachyuran crabs. Crabs thrive in diverse ecosystems, from coral reefs to hydrothermal vents and terrestrial habitats. Despite their ecological importance, the genetic mechanisms underpinning their developmental processes, reproductive strategies, and nutrient acquisition remain poorly understood.

RESULTS: Here, we report a comprehensive genomic analysis of the green mud crab Scylla paramamosain using ultralong sequencing technologies, achieving a high-quality chromosome-level assembly. The refined 1.21 Gb genome, with an impressive contig N50 of 11.45 Mb, offers a valuable genomic resource. The genome exhibits 33,662 protein-coding genes, enriched in various pathways related to development and environmental adaptation. Gene family analysis shows expansion in development-related pathways and contraction in metabolic pathways, indicating niche adaptations. Notably, investigation into Hox gene regulation sheds light on their role in pleopod development, with the Abd-A gene identified as a linchpin. Post-transcriptional regulation involving novel-miR1317 negatively regulates Abd-A levels. Furthermore, the potential role of fru gene in ovarian development and the identification of novel-miR35 as a regulator of Spfru2 add complexity to gene regulatory networks. Comparative functional analysis across Decapoda species reveals neo-functionalization of the elovl6 gene in the synthesis of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA), suggesting its importance in environmental adaptation.

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings shed light on various aspects of crab biology, including genome sequencing, assembly, and annotation, as well as gene family expansion, contraction, and regulatory mechanisms governing crucial developmental processes such as metamorphosis, reproductive strategies, and fatty acid metabolism.

Matched MeSH terms: Animals

Fulltext Fructose might contribute to the hypoglycemic effect of honey

Erejuwa OO, Sulaiman SA, Wahab MS

Molecules, 2012 Feb 15;17(2):1900-15.

PMID: 22337138 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17021900

Honey is a natural substance with many medicinal properties, including antibacterial, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, antioxidant and antihypertensive effects. It reduces hyperglycemia in diabetic rats and humans. However, the mechanism(s) of its hypoglycemic effect remain(s) unknown. Honey comprises many constituents, making it difficult to ascertain which component(s) contribute(s) to its hypoglycemic effect. Nevertheless, available evidence indicates that honey consists of predominantly fructose and glucose. The objective of this review is to summarize findings which indicate that fructose exerts a hypoglycemic effect. The data show that glucose and fructose exert a synergistic effect in the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas. This synergistic effect might enhance intestinal fructose absorption and/or stimulate insulin secretion. The results indicate that fructose enhances hepatic glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis and storage via activation of hepatic glucokinase and glycogen synthase, respectively. The data also demonstrate the beneficial effects of fructose on glycemic control, glucose- and appetite-regulating hormones, body weight, food intake, oxidation of carbohydrate and energy expenditure. In view of the similarities of these effects of fructose with those of honey, the evidence may support the role of fructose in honey in mediating the hypoglycemic effect of honey.

Matched MeSH terms: Animals

Fulltext Unearthing the role of septins in viral infections

Khairat JE, Hatta MNA, Abdullah N, Azman AS, Calvin SYM, Syed Hassan S

Biosci Rep, 2024 Mar 29;44(3).

PMID: 38372298 DOI: 10.1042/BSR20231827

Septin proteins are a subfamily of closely related GTP-binding proteins conserved in all species except for higher plants and perform essential biological processes. Septins self-assemble into heptameric or octameric complexes and form higher-order structures such as filaments, rings, or gauzes by end-to-end binding. Their close association with cell membrane components makes them central in regulating critical cellular processes. Due to their organisation and properties, septins function as diffusion barriers and are integral in providing scaffolding to support the membrane's curvature and stability of its components. Septins are also involved in vesicle transport and exocytosis through the plasma membrane by co-localising with exocyst protein complexes. Recently, there have been emerging reports of several human and animal diseases linked to septins and abnormalities in their functions. Most of our understanding of the significance of septins during microbial diseases mainly pertains to their roles in bacterial infections but not viruses. This present review focuses on the known roles of septins in host-viral interactions as detailed by various studies.

Matched MeSH terms: Animals

Discovery of deep-sea acoels from a chemosynthesis-based ecosystem

Hookabe N, Jimi N, Furushima Y, Fujiwara Y

Biol Lett, 2024 Jul;20(7):20230573.

PMID: 39079676 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2023.0573

Chemosynthesis-based ecosystems such as hydrothermal vents and hydrocarbon seeps harbour various endemic species, each uniquely adapted to the extreme conditions. While some species rely on obligatory relationships with bacterial symbionts for nutrient uptake, scavengers and predators also play important roles in food web dynamics in these ecosystems. Acoels, members of the phylum Xenacoelomorpha, are simple, worm-like invertebrates found in marine environments worldwide but are scarcely understood taxa. This study presents a novel genus and species of acoel from a deep-sea hydrocarbon seep off Hatsushima, Japan, Hoftherma hatsushimaensis gen. et sp. nov. Our multi-locus phylogenetic analysis revealed that the acoels are nested within Hofsteniidae, a family previously known exclusively from shallow waters. This finding suggests that at least two independent colonization events occurred in the chemosynthesis-based environments from the phylum Xenoacoelomorpha, represented by hofsteniid acoels and Xenoturbella. Previous reports of hofsteniid species from low-oxygen and sulfide-rich environments, including intertidal habitats with decomposing leaves, in addition to H. hatsushimaensis gen. et sp. nov. from a deep-sea hydrocarbon seep, imply a common ancestral adaptation to sulfide-rich ecosystems within Hofsteniidae. Moreover, the sister relationship between solenofilomorphid acoels predominating in sulfide-rich habitats indicates common ancestral adaptation to sulfide-rich ecosystems between these two families.

Matched MeSH terms: Animals

Fulltext A new genus and species of nudibranch-mimicking Syllidae (Annelida, Polychaeta)

Jimi N, Britayev TA, Sako M, Woo SP, Martin D

Sci Rep, 2024 Jul 29;14(1):17123.

PMID: 39075131 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66465-4

Nudibranch mollusks, which are well-known for their vivid warning coloration and effective defenses, are mimicked by diverse invertebrates to deter predation through both Müllerian and Batesian strategies. Despite extensive documentation across different taxa, mimickers have not been detected among annelids, including polychaetes, until now. This study described a new genus and species of polychaete living on Dendronephthya octocorals in Vietnam and Japan. Belonging to Syllidae, it exhibits unique morphological adaptations such as a low number of body segments, simple chaetae concealed within the parapodia and large and fusiform antennae and cirri. Moreover, these appendages are vividly colored, featuring an internal dark red area with numerous terminal white spots and bright yellow tips, effectively contributing to mimicking the appearance of a nudibranch. This discovery not only documents the first known instance of such mimicry among annelids, but also expands our understanding of evolutionary adaptation and ecological strategies in marine invertebrates.

Matched MeSH terms: Animals

Unravelling the success of transferosomes against skin cancer: Journey so far and road ahead

Kumbhar PS, Kamble V, Vishwas S, Kumbhar P, Kolekar K, Gupta G, et al.

Drug Deliv Transl Res, 2024 Sep;14(9):2325-2344.

PMID: 38758498 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-024-01607-9

Skin cancer remains one of the most prominent types of cancer. Melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer are commonly found together, with melanoma being the more deadly type. Skin cancer can be effectively treated with chemotherapy, which mostly uses small molecular medicines, phytoceuticals, and biomacromolecules. Topical delivery of these therapeutics is a non-invasive way that might be useful in effectively managing skin cancer. Different skin barriers, however, presented a major obstacle to topical cargo administration. Transferosomes have demonstrated significant potential in topical delivery by improving cargo penetration through the circumvention of diverse skin barriers. Additionally, the transferosome-based gel can prolong the residence of drug on the skin, lowering the frequency of doses and their associated side effects. However, the choice of appropriate transferosome compositions, such as phospholipids and edge activators, and fabrication technique are crucial for achieving improved entrapment efficiency, penetration, and regulated particle size. The present review discusses skin cancer overview, current treatment strategies for skin cancer and their drawbacks. Topical drug delivery against skin cancer is also covered, along with the difficulties associated with it and the importance of transferosomes in avoiding these difficulties. Additionally, a summary of transferosome compositions and fabrication methods is provided. Furthermore, topical delivery of small molecular drugs, phytoceuticals, and biomacromolecules using transferosomes and transferosomes-based gel in treating skin cancer is discussed. Thus, transferosomes can be a significant option in the topical delivery of drugs to manage skin cancer efficiently.

Matched MeSH terms: Animals

Establishing species boundaries in Bornean geckos

Davis HR, Sanford HT, Das I, Nashriq I, Leaché AD

Biol Lett, 2024 Aug;20(8):20240157.

PMID: 39140204 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2024.0157

Species delimitation using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) remains an important and accessible approach for discovering and delimiting species. However, delimiting species with a single locus (e.g. DNA barcoding) is biased towards overestimating species diversity. The highly diverse gecko genus Cyrtodactylus is one such group where delimitation using mtDNA remains the paradigm. In this study, we use genomic data to test putative species boundaries established using mtDNA within three recognized species of Cyrtodactylus on the island of Borneo. We predict that multi-locus genomic data will estimate fewer species than mtDNA, which could have important ramifications for the species diversity within the genus. We aim to (i) investigate the correspondence between species delimitations using mtDNA and genomic data, (ii) infer species trees for each target species, and (iii) quantify gene flow and identify migration patterns to assess population connectivity. We find that species diversity is overestimated and that species boundaries differ between mtDNA and nuclear data. This underscores the value of using genomic data to reassess mtDNA-based species delimitations for taxa lacking clear species boundaries. We expect the number of recognized species within Cyrtodactylus to continue increasing, but, when possible, genomic data should be included to inform more accurate species boundaries.

Matched MeSH terms: Animals

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