Displaying publications 221 - 240 of 1247 in total

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  1. Azahar MA, Al-Naqeb G, Hasan M, Adam A
    Asian Pac J Trop Med, 2012 Nov;5(11):875-81.
    PMID: 23146801 DOI: 10.1016/S1995-7645(12)60163-1
    OBJECTIVE: To investigate the hypoglycemic effect of the aqueous extract of Octomeles sumatrana (O. sumatrana) (OS) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (STZ) and its molecular mechanisms.

    METHODS: Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg) in to male Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were divided into six different groups; normal control rats were not induced with STZ and served as reference, STZ diabetic control rats were given normal saline. Three groups were treated with OS aqueous extract at 0.2, 0.3 and 0.5 g/kg, orally twice daily continuously for 21 d. The fifth group was treated with glibenclamide (6 mg/kg) in aqueous solution orally continuously for 21 d. After completion of the treatment period, biochemical parameters and expression levels of glucose transporter 2 (Slc2a2), glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK1) were determined in liver by quantitative real time PCR.

    RESULTS: Administration of OS at different doses to STZ induced diabetic rats, resulted in significant decrease (P<0.05) in blood glucose level in a dose dependent manner by 36%, 48%, and 64% at doses of 0.2, 0.3 and 0.5 g/kg, respectively, in comparison to the STZ control values. Treatment with OS elicited an increase in the expression level of Slc2a2 gene but reduced the expression of G6Pase and PCK1 genes. Morefore, OS treated rats, showed significantly lower levels of serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and urea levels compared to STZ untreated rats. The extract at different doses elicited signs of recovery in body weight gain when compared to STZ diabetic controls although food and water consumption were significantly lower in treated groups compared to STZ diabetic control group.

    CONCLUSIONS: O. sumatrana aqueous extract is beneficial for improvement of hyperglycemia by increasing gene expression of liver Slc2a2 and reducing expression of G6Pase and PCK1 genes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

    Matched MeSH terms: Glucose-6-Phosphatase/biosynthesis; Glucose Transporter Type 2/biosynthesis
  2. Mohd Yusof BN, Ruzita AT, Norimah AK, Kamaruddin NA
    Med J Malaysia, 2013;68(1):18-23.
    PMID: 23466761 MyJurnal
    AIM: This prospective, single-group, pre-post design trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of individualised Medical Nutrition Therapy intervention administered by a dietitian in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus on glycaemic control, metabolic parameters and dietary intake.
    METHODS: Subjects (n=104; age=56.4 ±9.9 years; 37% male; years of diagnosis = 6.3 ±4.9 years) treated with diet and on a stabile dose of oral anti-diabetic agents were given dietary advice by a dietitian for a 12 week period. Individualised dietary advice was based on Malaysian Medical Nutrition Therapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The primary outcome measure was glycaemic control (fructosamine and HbA1c level) and the secondary outcome included measures of anthropometry, blood pressure, lipid profile, insulin levels dietary intake and knowledge on nutrition.
    RESULTS: At week 12, 100 subjects completed the study with a dropout rate of 3.8%. The post-Medical Nutrition Therapy results showed a significant reduction of fructosamine (311.5 ±50 to 297 ±44 umol/L; P< 0.001) and HbA1c (7.6 ±1.2 to 7.2 +1.1%, p<0.001) with pronounced reduction for subjects who had very high HbA1c levels of >9.3% at baseline. Waist circumference (90.7 ±10.2 to 89.1 ±9.8 cm, p<0.05), HDL-cholesterol (1.1 ±0.3 to 1.2 ±0.3 mmol/L, p<0.05), dietary intake and nutrition knowledge score (42 ±19 vs. 75 ±17%; p< 0.001) were significantly improved from the baseline.
    CONCLUSIONS: Individualised Medical Nutrition Therapy administered by a dietitian resulted in favourable diabetes outcomes, which were more apparent for individuals with higher than optimal HbA1c levels at the start of the study.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Glucose
  3. Lim PC, Chong CP
    Pharm Pract (Granada), 2015 Apr-Jun;13(3):606.
    PMID: 26445623 DOI: 10.18549/PharmPract.2015.03.606
    The pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) mainly focused on insulin resistance and insulin deficiency over the past decades. Currently, the pathophysiologies expanded to ominous octet and guidelines were updated with newer generation of antidiabetic drug classes. However, many patients had yet to achieve their target glycaemic control. Although all the guidelines suggested metformin as first line, there was no definite consensus on the second line drug agents as variety of drug classes were recommended.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Glucose
  4. Rusi, Majid SR
    Sci Rep, 2015;5:16195.
    PMID: 26537363 DOI: 10.1038/srep16195
    This paper presents the preparation of in situ electrodeposited rGO/MnO2 nanocomposite as a binder-free electrode for supercapacitor application. The work describes and evaluates the performance of prepared electrode via green and facile electrodeposition technique of in situ rGO/MnO2-glucose carbon nanocomposites. The carbon content in the composite electrode increased after GO and D (+) glucose solution has been added in the deposition electrolyte. This study found that a suitable concentration of D (+) glucose in the deposition electrolyte can slow down the nucleation process of MnO2 particles and lead to uniform and ultrathin nanoflakes structure. The optimize electrode exhibited low transfer resistance and resulted on excellent electrochemical performance in three electrolyte systems viz. Na2SO4, KOH and KOH/K3Fe(CN)6 redox electrolytes. The optimum energy density and power density were 1851 Whkg(-1) and 68 kWkg(-1) at current density of 20 Ag(-1) in mixed KOH/K3Fe(CN)6 electrolyte.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucose
  5. Dashti MG, Abdeshahian P
    Saudi J Biol Sci, 2016 Mar;23(2):172-80.
    PMID: 26980997 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.02.006
    This research was performed based on a comparative study on fungal lipid production by a locally isolated strain Cunninghamella bainieri 2A1 in batch culture and repeated-batch culture using a nitrogen-limited medium. Lipid production in the batch culture was conducted to study the effect of different agitation rates on the simultaneous consumption of ammonium tartrate and glucose sources. Lipid production in the repeated-batch culture was studied by considering the effect of harvesting time and harvesting volume of the culture broth on the lipid accumulation. The batch cultivation was carried out in a 500 ml Erlenmeyer flask containing 200 ml of the fresh nitrogen-limited medium. Microbial culture was incubated at 30 °C under different agitation rates of 120, 180 and 250 rpm for 120 h. The repeated-batch culture was performed at three harvesting times of 12, 24 and 48 h using four harvesting cultures of 60%, 70%, 80% and 90%. Experimental results revealed that nitrogen source (ammonium tartrate) was fully utilized by C. bainieri 2A1 within 24 h in all agitation rates tested. It was also observed that a high amount of glucose in culture medium was consumed by C. bainieri 2A1 at 250 rpm agitation speed during the batch fermentation. Similar results showed that the highest lipid concentration of 2.96 g/L was obtained at an agitation rate of 250 rpm at 120 h cultivation time with the maximum lipid productivity of 7.0 × 10(-2) mg/ml/h. On the other hand, experimental results showed that the highest lipid concentration produced in the repeated-batch culture was 3.30 g/L at the first cycle of 48 h harvesting time using 70% harvesting volume, while 0.23 g/L gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) was produced at the last cycle of 48 h harvesting time using 80% harvesting volume.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucose
  6. Ho IYM, Abdul Aziz A, Mat Junit S
    Sci Rep, 2020 06 19;10(1):9987.
    PMID: 32561807 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66913-x
    Barringtonia racemosa leaf water extract (BLE) had been shown to have high gallic acid (GA) content and BLE has been postulated to have anti-proliferative effects towards colorectal cancer. This study aims to further investigate the mechanism underlying the anti-proliferative effect of BLE in Caco-2 cells and to determine if GA is responsible for the observed effects. Both BLE and GA inhibited Caco-2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Cells exposed to IC50 concentration of BLE and GA showed reduced antioxidant activities. GA-treated Caco-2 cells experienced higher oxidative stress compared to cells treated with BLE. Both BLE and GA significantly up-regulated the expression of SLC2A1. BLE but not GA, significantly down-regulated the expression of ADH4. Meanwhile, GA but not BLE, significantly up-regulated AKRIB10 and GLO1 but significantly down-regulated HAGH. Alterations in gene expression were coupled with changes in extracellular glucose and pyruvate levels. While BLE decreased intracellular pyruvate, GA did the opposite. Both intracellular and extracellular D-lactate were not affected by either BLE or GA. GA showed more pronounced effects on apoptosis while BLE irreversibly reduced cell percentage in the G0/G1 phase. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the multiple-actions of BLE against Caco-2 cells, potentially involving various polyphenolic compounds, including GA.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucose/metabolism; Glucose Transporter Type 1/metabolism
  7. Nur Syahira Mohammad, Zaidah Zainal Ariffin
    Science Letters, 2020;14(2):15-23.
    MyJurnal
    Fungi is known to produce a wide range of biologically active metabolites and enzymes. Enzymes produced by fungi are utilized in food and pharmaceutical industries because of their rich enzymatic profile. Filamentous fungi are particularly interesting due to their high production of extracellular enzymes which has a large industrial potential. The aim of this study is to isolate potential soil fungi species that are able to produce functional enzymes for industries. Five Aspergillus species were successfully isolated from antibiotic overexposed soil (GPS coordinate of N3.093219 E101.40269) by standard microbiological method. The isolated fungi were identified via morphological observations and molecular tools; polymerase chain reactions, ITS 1 (5’- TCC GTA GGT GAA CCT GCG G3’) forward primer and ITS 4 (5’-TCC TCC GCT TAT TGA TAT GC-3’) reverse primer. The isolated fungi were identified as Aspergillus sydowii strain SCAU066, Aspergillus tamarii isolate TN-7, Aspergillus candidus strain KUFA 0062, Aspergillus versicolor isolate BAB-6580, and Aspergillus protuberus strain KAS 6024. Supernatant obtained via submerged fermentation of the isolated fungi in potato dextrose broth (PDB) and extracted via centrifugation was loaded onto specific media to screen for the production of xylanolytic, cellulolytic and amylolytic enzymes. The present findings indicate that Aspergillus sydowii strain SCAU066 and Aspergillus versicolor isolate BAB-6580 have great potential as an alternative source of xylanolytic, cellulolytic and amylolytic enzymes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucose
  8. Fujiki M, Wang L, Ogata N, Asanoma F, Okubo A, Okazaki S, et al.
    Front Chem, 2020;8:685.
    PMID: 32903703 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00685
    We report emerging circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) at 4f-4f transitions when lanthanide (EuIII and TbIII) tris(β-diketonate) embedded to cellulose triacetate (CTA), cellulose acetate butyrate (CABu), D-/L-glucose pentamethyl esters ( D-/ L-Glu), and D-/L-arabinose tetramethyl esters ( D-/ L-Ara) are in film states. Herein, 6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptafluoro-2,2-dimethyl-3,5-octanedionate (fod) and 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedione (dpm) were chosen as the β-diketonates. The glum value of Eu(fod)3 in CABu are +0.0671 at 593 nm (5


    D


    0







    7


    F1) and -0.0059 at 613 nm (5


    D


    0







    7


    F2), respectively, while those in CTA are +0.0463 and -0.0040 at these transitions, respectively. The glum value of Tb(fod)3 in CABu are -0.0029 at 490 nm (5


    D


    4







    7


    F6), +0.0078 at 540 nm (5


    D


    4







    7


    F5), and -0.0018 at 552 nm (5


    D


    4







    7


    F5), respectively, while those in CTA are -0.0053, +0.0037, and -0.0059 at these transitions, respectively. D-/ L-Glu and D-/ L-Ara induced weaker glum values at 4f-4f transitions of Eu(fod)3, Tb(fod)3, and Tb(dpm)3. For comparison, Tb(dpm)3 in α-pinene showed clear CPL characteristics, though Eu(dpm)3 did not. A surplus charge neutralization hypothesis was applied to the origin of attractive intermolecular interactions between the ligands and saccharides. This idea was supported from the concomitant opposite tendency in upfield 19F-NMR and downfield 1H-NMR chemical shifts of Eu(fod)3 and the opposite Mulliken charges between F-C bonds (fod) and H-C bonds (CTA and D-/ L-Glu). An analysis of CPL excitation (CPLE) and CPL spectra suggests that (+)- and (-)-sign CPL signals of EuIII and TbIII at different 4f-4f transitions in the visible region are the same with the (+)-and (-)-sign exhibited by CPLE bands at high energy levels of EuIII and TbIII in the near-UV region.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucose
  9. Mikhael EM, Hassali MA, Hussain SA, Shawky N
    J Pharm Bioallied Sci, 2020 07 18;12(3):262-268.
    PMID: 33100785 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.JPBS_190_19
    Background and Aim: The current trend for determining the effectiveness of new treatment or services provided for diabetes mellitus (DM) patients is based on assessing the improvement in both glycemic control and the patient quality of life. Many scales have been developed to assess quality of life among DM patients, but unfortunately, no one can be considered as gold standard. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and validate a brief and specific scale to assess quality of life among Iraqi type 2 DM patients.

    Methods: An extensive literature review was done using Google-Scholar and PubMed to find out scales that utilized to assess quality of life among DM patients. Four relevant scales, three diabetes specific and one general, were selected. The selected scales were carefully evaluated to find out domains that are commonly used to assess quality of life and then the items within the selected domains were reviewed to choose relevant and comprehensive items for Iraqi type 2 DM patients. Ten items were selected to formulate the quality of life scale for Iraqi DM patients (QOLSID). The content validity of QOLSID was established via an expert panel. For concurrent validity QOLSID was compared to glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C). For psychometric evaluation, a cross sectional study for 103 type 2 DM patients was conducted at the National Diabetes Center, Iraq. Test-retest reliability was measured by re-administering QOLSID to 20 patients 2-4 weeks later.

    Results: The internal consistency of the QOLSID was 0.727. All items had a corrected total-item correlation above 0.2. There was a negative significant correlation between QOLSID score and the HbA1C level (-0.518, P = 0.000). A significant positive correlation was obtained after re-testing (0.967, P = 0.000).

    Conclusion: The QOLSID is a reliable and valid instrument that can be used for assessing quality of life among Iraqi type 2 DM patients.

    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Glucose
  10. Mustafa SE, Mustafa S, Ismail A, Abas F, Abd Manap MY, Ahmed Hamdi OA, et al.
    Heliyon, 2020 Oct;6(10):e05298.
    PMID: 33134584 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05298
    The influence of commercial prebiotics (fructo-oligosaccharides and inulin) and sugars (glucose and sucrose) on enhancing equol production from soymilk isoflavones by Bifidobacterium longum BB536 and Bifidobacterium breve ATCC 15700 was evaluated in vitro. Sterilized soymilk was inoculated with each bacterial species at 37 °C for 48 h. The growth and β-glucosidase enzyme activity for the two Bifidobacterium species in soymilk throughout fermentation were assessed. The highest viable count for B. breve (8.75 log CFU/ml) was reached at 36 h and for B. longum (8.55 log CFU/ml) at 24 h. Both bacterial species displayed β-glucosidase activity. B. breve showed increased enzyme activity (4.126 U) at 36 h, while B. longum exhibited maximum activity (3.935 U) at 24 h of fermentation. Among the prebiotics screened for their effect in isoflavones transformation to equol, inulin delivered the highest effect on equol production. The co-culture of B. longum BB536 and B. breve ATCC15700 in soymilk supplemented with inulin produced the highest level (11.49 mmol/l) of equol at 48 h of fermentation process. Level of daidzin declined whereas that of daidzein increased, and then gradually decreased due to formation of equol when soymilk was fermented using bifidobacterial. This suggests that the nutritional value of soymilk may be increased by increasing bioavailability of the bioactive ingredients. Collectively these data identify probiotics and prebiotic combinations suitable for inclusion in soymilk to enhance equol production.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucose
  11. Amin MM, Taheri E, Bina B, van Ginkel SW, Ghasemian M, Puad NIM, et al.
    J Environ Manage, 2019 Nov 15;250:109461.
    PMID: 31499462 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109461
    Mixed culture sludge has been widely used as a microbial consortium for biohydrogen production. Simple thermal treatment of sludge is usually required in order to eliminate any H2-consuming bacteria that would reduce H2 production. In this study, thermal treatment of sludge was carried out at various temperatures. Electron flow model was then applied in order to assess community structure in the sludge upon thermal treatment for biohydrogen production. Results show that the dominant electron sink was acetate (150-217 e- meq/mol glucose). The electron equivalent (e- eq) balances were within 0.8-18% for all experiments. Treatment at 100 °C attained the highest H2 yield of 3.44 mol H2/mol glucose from the stoichiometric reaction. As the treatment temperature increased from 80 to 100 °C, the computed acetyl-CoA and reduced form of ferredoxin (Fdred) concentrations increased from 13.01 to 17.34 e- eq (1.63-2.17 mol) and 1.34 to 4.18 e- eq (0.67-2.09 mol), respectively. The NADH2 balance error varied from 3 to 10% and the term e-(Fd↔NADH2) (m) in the NADH2 balance was NADH2 consumption (m = -1). The H2 production was mainly via the Fd:hydrogenase system and this is supported with a good NADH2 balance. Using the modified Gompertz model, the highest maximum H2 production potential was 1194 mL whereas the maximum rate of H2 production was 357 mL/h recorded at 100 °C of treatment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucose
  12. Jaafar J, Rahman RA, Draman N, Yunus NA
    Korean J Fam Med, 2018 May;39(3):200-203.
    PMID: 29788710 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.2018.39.3.200
    Hemiballismus, a subtype of chorea, is a rare movement disorder, and is most commonly found secondary to stroke. Movements are involuntary, violent, coarse, and have a wide amplitude. There is increasing report of hemiballismus occurring in non-ketotic hyperglycemia. Spontaneous improvements or remissions were observed in many patients, and treatment should be directed towards the cause of hemiballismus. There is no randomized control trial to guide clinicians in deciding the best treatment option when managing hemiballismus. Symptomatic treatment includes the use of drugs such as dopamine receptor blocker and tetrabenazine. Surgical treatment is reserved for severe, persistent, and disabling hemiballismus. This case is of an elderly woman with long standing uncontrolled diabetes who presented with abnormal movement in her left upper limb for 2 months, which resolved slowly with good control of her glucose levels. Treating physicians need to have a high index of suspicion to prevent mismanagement of the condition.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucose
  13. Hessami MJ, Cheng SF, Ambati RR, Yin YH, Phang SM
    3 Biotech, 2019 Jan;9(1):25.
    PMID: 30622863 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1549-8
    In this study, Gelidium elegans is investigated for ethanol production. A combination of factors including different temperatures, acid concentration and incubation time was evaluated to determine the suitable saccharification conditions. The combination of 2.5% (w/v) H2SO4 at 120 °C for 40 min was selected for hydrolysis of the seaweed biomass, followed by purification, and fermentation to yield ethanol. The galactose and glucose were dominant reducing sugars in the G. elegans hydrolysate and under optimum condition of dilute acid hydrolysis, 39.42% of reducing sugars was produced and fermentation resulted in ethanol concentration of 13.27 ± 0.47 g/L. A modified method was evaluated for sample preparation for gas chromatography (GC) analysis of the ethanol content. A solvent mixture of acetonitrile and iso-butanol precipitated dissolved organic residues and reduced water content in GC samples at least by 90%. Results showed that this method could be successfully used for bioethanol production from seaweed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucose
  14. Zhuravlova M, Ryndina N, Kravchun P
    PMID: 30829588
    According to literature, the presence of concomitant diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM) is associated with a high frequency of complications in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) due to the development of repeated episodes of myocardial ischemia, left ventricular dysfunction, life threatening rhythm disorders, and thromboembolic events Aim: to analyze the state of immuno-inflammation based on the study of calprotectin, as well as to assess the presence and nature of links with carbohydrate metabolism parameters based on the study of blood glucose, insulin and insulin resistance. Patients with AMI in combination with DM 2 were found to have a significant increase in the level of calprotectin by 25.9% (p<0.001) compared to patients with AMI without DM 2. Assessment of carbohydrate metabolism rates revealed changes in the form of statistically significant increase in the concentration of fasting glucose in patients with AMI in combination with DM 2 by 41.8% (p<0.001) when compared to patients with isolated AMI. As for serum insulin, the level of this parameter when combined with the course of AMI and DM 2 significantly exceeded those in patients with AMI without DM 2. The level of HOMA index in patients with AMI with concomitant DM 2 when compared to patients with isolated AMI was also higher (differences are statistically significant, p<0.01). The study showed a correlation between serum calprotectin and insulinemia (R=0.57; p<0.05), HOMA index (R=0.52; p<0.05), fasting glycemia (R=0.59; p<0.05) and troponin I level (R=0,64; p<0,05). The obtained results indicate that the growth of immune inflammatory activity due to the proinflammatory parameter of calprotectin is accompanied by an increase in changes in carbohydrate homeostasis in the form of an increase in the degree of insulin resistance in patients with AMI and DM 2, and severity of cardiac ischemia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Glucose
  15. Ch'ng LZ, Barakatun-Nisak MY, Wan Zukiman WZH, Abas F, Wahab NA
    Diabetes Metab Syndr, 2019 05 29;13(4):2339-2345.
    PMID: 31405640 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.05.026
    Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT) plays an essential role in overall glycemic management. Less focus is given on managing postmeal hyperglycemia despite the facts that, it is a common feature of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). The purpose of this narrative review is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the existing literature on the nutritional approaches to improve postmeal hyperglycemia in patients with T2D. We searched multiple databases for the studies examining the nutritional approaches to manage postmeal glucose in patients with T2D. We included studies that involve human trials that were published in English for the past 10 years. Our review of the current literature indicates that the postmeal hyperglycemia can be improved with four nutritional approaches. These approaches include (i) utilizing the appropriate amount and selecting the right type of carbohydrates, (ii) using specific types of dietary protein, (iii) manipulating the meal timing and orders and (iv) others (promoting postmeal physical activity, incorporating diabetes-specific formula and certain functional foods). The potential mechanisms underlying these approaches are discussed and the identified gaps warranted further research. This array of nutritional strategies provide a set of options for healthcare professionals to facilitate patients with T2D in achieving the optimal level of postmeal glucose.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucose
  16. Yiin CL, Ho S, Yusup S, Quitain AT, Chan YH, Loy ACM, et al.
    Bioresour Technol, 2019 Oct;290:121797.
    PMID: 31327691 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121797
    The aim of this work was to recover the cellulose fibers from EFB using low-transition-temperature-mixtures (LTTMs) as a green delignification approach. The hydrogen bonding of LTTMs observed in 1H NMR tends to disrupt the three-dimensional structure of lignin and further remove the lignin from EFB. Delignification process of EFB strands and EFB powder were performed using standard l-malic acid and cactus malic acid-LTTMs. The recovered cactus malic acid-LTTMs showed higher glucose concentration of 8.07 mg/mL than the recovered l-malic acid LTTMs (4.15 mg/mL). This implies that cactus malic acid-LTTMs had higher delignification efficiency which led to higher amount of cellulose hydrolyzed into glucose. The cactus malic acid-LTTMs-delignified EFB was the most feasible fibers for making paper due to its lowest kappa number of 69.84. The LTTMs-delignified EFB has great potential to be used for making specialty papers in pulp and paper industry.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucose
  17. Supramani S, Ahmad R, Ilham Z, Annuar MSM, Klaus A, Wan-Mohtar WAAQI
    AIMS Microbiol, 2019;5(1):19-38.
    PMID: 31384700 DOI: 10.3934/microbiol.2019.1.19
    Wild-cultivated medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum was morphologically identified and sequenced using phylogenetic software. In submerged-liquid fermentation (SLF), biomass, exopolysaccharide (EPS) and intracellular polysaccharide (IPS) production of the identified G.lucidum was optimised based on initial pH, starting glucose concentration and agitation rate parameters using response surface methodology (RSM). Molecularly, the G. lucidum strain QRS 5120 generated 637 base pairs, which was commensurate with related Ganoderma species. In RSM, by applying central composite design (CCD), a polynomial model was fitted to the experimental data and was found to be significant in all parameters investigated. The strongest effect (p < 0.0001) was observed for initial pH for biomass, EPS and IPS production, while agitation showed a significant value (p < 0.005) for biomass. By applying the optimized conditions, the model was validated and generated 5.12 g/L of biomass (initial pH 4.01, 32.09 g/L of glucose and 102 rpm), 2.49 g/L EPS (initial pH 4, 24.25 g/L of glucose and 110 rpm) and 1.52 g/L of IPS (and initial pH 4, 40.43 g/L of glucose, 103 rpm) in 500 mL shake flask fermentation. The optimized parameters can be upscaled for efficient biomass, EPS and IPS production using G. lucidum.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucose
  18. Nurul Atiqah Mustaffa, Nur Hafizah Ab Hamid, Siti Nurehan Abd Jalil
    ESTEEM Academic Journal, 2019;15(1):1-9.
    MyJurnal
    In this study, glucose is used as a template to manufacture microporosity in silica. Based on this objective, five different molar ratios of glucose (0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 50%) were used for this experiment to maximise its affinity to adsorb oil droplets. The sample has been characterized using
    thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Nitrogen Adsorption and UltravioletVisible (UV-Vis) pectroscopy. The adsorption of oil was tested in 1000 ppm oil-water emulsion in order to determine the performance of the templated silica. TGA analysis showed that 550 ̊C is a suitable temperature for material calcination for all the samples. N2 adsorption showed the glucose templated silica (50%) had limited porosity, with a low surface area of 2 m2 /g. This is much lower than non-templated silica which was mesoporous, with an average pore diameter of 2.6 nm and a surface area of 272 m2 /g. Interestingly, despite the low porosity of the templated silica, high oil-water
    separations were achieved. This shows that glucose-templated silica is a promising material for oil-water separations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucose
  19. Ismail NA, Aris NM, Mahdy ZA, Ahmad S, Naim NM, Siraj HH, et al.
    PMID: 21542419 DOI: 10.14712/18059694.2016.12
    This prospective observational study was done to analyse the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among primigravidae and its outcome. All healthy primigravidae with singleton pregnancies were offered universal glucose tolerance testing between 16 and 28 weeks gestation. GDM and non GDM groups were managed according to hospital protocol. The antenatal features and pregnancy outcomes were analysed. Out of 616 primigravidae, 113 (18.34%) were GDM with slightly older (27.9 +/- 4.2 versus 26.32 +/- 3.3, p < 0.001) age. The mean fasting and two hours postprandial blood glucose in both groups were 4.99 +/- 1.08 mmol/l, 8.86 +/- 1.41 mmol/l(GDM) and 4.36 +/- 0.43 mmol/l, 5.71 +/- 1.11 mmol/l (Non GDM), respectively. Maternal family history of diabetes mellitus, weight exceeding 80 Kg, polyhydramnios (2.65% versus 0.2%, p = 0.028) and neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia (9.73% versus 2.98%, p = 0.01) occurred significantly more frequent in the GDM group compared to normal. There was no significant difference in other pregnancy outcomes and complications between the two groups. In conclusion GDM in primigravidae was detected at a relatively young age with more frequent maternal family history of DM, weight exceeding 80 Kg, polyhydromnions and neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia. The degree of disease was mild and treatment led to no significant complication.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucose Tolerance Test
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