Displaying publications 241 - 260 of 697 in total

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  1. Palaniappa MP, Diong NC, Benedict D, Amiruddin NMK, Narasimman S
    Med J Malaysia, 2023 Sep;78(5):570-573.
    PMID: 37775481
    INTRODUCTION: Thoracic surgery procedures evolved enormously over time from open surgery to video assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and now non-intubated uniportal VATS. At our centre, the initial approach for bullectomy was by uniportal intubated VATS (iVATS) for most cases. Only in mid-2020, in the midst of COVID-19 pandemic, uniportal non-intubated VATS (NiVATS) took precedence. We compared the outcome of bullectomy via iVATS versus NiVATS for a period of 5 years.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of all patients that underwent bullectomy from 1st June 2017 to 31st May 2022. Mann Whitney U-test was completed for all variables. Primary objective was to compare operating time (OT), global operating time (GOT), post-operative length of stay (LOS) and complication rate.

    RESULTS: A total of 90 bullectomies performed in which 36 were approached via iVATS and 54 NiVATS. It was found that the post-operative LOS, GOT, and OT were significantly shorter in the NiVATS as compared to iVATS. Complication rate between both groups showed no significant difference.

    CONCLUSION: NiVATS bullectomy demonstrated a safe and reliable alternative surgical approach with superior surgical outcome than iVATS bullectomy.

  2. Nazli Z, Norizal MN, Noor Kaslina MK, Abdul Fattah AW
    Med J Malaysia, 2015 Apr;70(2):98-9.
    PMID: 26162385 MyJurnal
    Hibernoma is a slow growing, rare benign tumour, which derived from brown adipose tissue. This tumour is usually found in the area where foetal fat persists such as back, axilla, retro peritoneum and thorax. Hibernoma rarely occurs in the retro pharynx. We report a case of retropharyngeal hibernoma in a 44-year-old male. He presented with obstructive symptoms for six months and a retropharyngeal mass upon examination. His CT scan findings showed a mass in the prevertebral region from level of C2 until C5 causing narrowing of upper aero digestive tract. Histopathological examination reported as hibernoma.
  3. Haafiz MK, Hassan A, Zakaria Z, Inuwa IM
    Carbohydr Polym, 2014 Mar 15;103:119-25.
    PMID: 24528708 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.11.055
    The objective of this study is to compare the effect of two different isolation techniques on the physico-chemical and thermal properties of cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) from oil palm biomass obtained microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). Fourier transform infrared analysis showed that there are no significant changes in the peak positions, suggesting that the treatments did not affect the chemical structure of the cellulose fragment. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the aggregated structure of MCC is broken down after treatment. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the produced CNW displayed a nanoscale structure. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that chemical swelling improves the crystallinity of MCC while maintaining the cellulose I structure. Acid hydrolysis however reduced the crystallinity of MCC and displayed the coexistence of cellulose I and II allomorphs. The produced CNW is shown to have a good thermal stability and hence is suitable for a range of applications such as green biodegradable nanocomposites reinforced with CNW.
  4. Gurmeet K, Rosnah I, Normadiah MK, Das S, Mustafa AM
    EXCLI J, 2014;13:151-60.
    PMID: 26417249
    Bisphenol A (BPA) is widely used in manufacturing industries. It is commonly detected in the environment and was reported to exert oestrogenic effects which may be harmful to the reproductive system. The present study was carried out to observe the effects of oral administration of BPA on the development of the reproductive organs and plasma sex hormone levels in prepubertal male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Prepubertal male SD rats (n=8 in each group) were administered BPA in the doses of 1, 5, 10 and 100 mg/kg BW (body weight) via oral gavage for a period of 6 weeks. The control animals received the vehicle for BPA (Tween 80 in distilled water). Following 6 weeks of BPA exposure, the rats exhibited less evidence of spermatogenesis. There was seminiferous epithelial damage which included disruption of intercellular junctions and sloughing of germ cells into the seminiferous tubular lumen. Furthermore, the lumina of the seminiferous tubules and the epididymis of these animals were filled with immature germ cells and cellular debris. This damage may lead to the significant reduction in the seminiferous tubular diameter in BPA-treated animals. These findings were associated with the significant lower plasma testosterone and 17β-oestradiol levels. There was no significant difference between the body weight gain, the absolute as well as relative testis weight or epididymal weight of BPA-treated animals when compared to the control animals. The findings provided further evidence of the detrimental effects of BPA on the male reproductive system.
  5. Siti-Zahrah A, Zamri-Saad M, Firdaus-Nawi M, Hazreen-Nita MK, Nur-Nazifah M
    J Fish Dis, 2014 Nov;37(11):981-3.
    PMID: 24117659 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12185
  6. Tee WF, Nazaruddin R, Tan YN, Ayob MK
    Food Sci Technol Int, 2014 Sep;20(6):399-404.
    PMID: 23774606 DOI: 10.1177/1082013213488775
    This study investigated the survival of encapsulated potential probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum which isolated from fermented cocoa beans. κ-Carrageenan was used to encapsulate the probiotic. Encapsulation techniques such as emulsification, freeze-drying or extrusion were adopted to encapsulate the probiotic. Freeze-drying and extrusion methods showed higher (p 
  7. Kwan MK, Chiu CK, Lee CK, Chan CY
    Bone Joint J, 2015 Nov;97-B(11):1555-61.
    PMID: 26530660 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620X.97B11.35789
    Percutaneous placement of pedicle screws is a well-established technique, however, no studies have compared percutaneous and open placement of screws in the thoracic spine. The aim of this cadaveric study was to compare the accuracy and safety of these techniques at the thoracic spinal level. A total of 288 screws were inserted in 16 (eight cadavers, 144 screws in percutaneous and eight cadavers, 144 screws in open). Pedicle perforations and fractures were documented subsequent to wide laminectomy followed by skeletalisation of the vertebrae. The perforations were classified as grade 0: no perforation, grade 1: < 2 mm perforation, grade 2: 2 mm to 4 mm perforation and grade 3: > 4 mm perforation. In the percutaneous group, the perforation rate was 11.1% with 15 (10.4%) grade 1 and one (0.7%) grade 2 perforations. In the open group, the perforation rate was 8.3% (12 screws) and all were grade 1. This difference was not significant (p = 0.45). There were 19 (13.2%) pedicle fractures in the percutaneous group and 21 (14.6%) in the open group (p = 0.73). In summary, the safety of percutaneous fluoroscopy-guided pedicle screw placement in the thoracic spine between T4 and T12 is similar to that of the conventional open technique.
  8. Chiu CK, Kwan MK, Chan CY, Schaefer C, Hansen-Algenstaedt N
    Bone Joint J, 2015 Aug;97-B(8):1111-7.
    PMID: 26224830 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620X.97B8.35330
    We undertook a retrospective study investigating the accuracy and safety of percutaneous pedicle screws placed under fluoroscopic guidance in the lumbosacral junction and lumbar spine. The CT scans of patients were chosen from two centres: European patients from University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany, and Asian patients from the University of Malaya, Malaysia. Screw perforations were classified into grades 0, 1, 2 and 3. A total of 880 percutaneous pedicle screws from 203 patients were analysed: 614 screws from 144 European patients and 266 screws from 59 Asian patients. The mean age of the patients was 58.8 years (16 to 91) and there were 103 men and 100 women. The total rate of perforation was 9.9% (87 screws) with 7.4% grade 1, 2.0% grade 2 and 0.5% grade 3 perforations. The rate of perforation in Europeans was 10.4% and in Asians was 8.6%, with no significant difference between the two (p = 0.42). The rate of perforation was the highest in S1 (19.4%) followed by L5 (14.9%). The accuracy and safety of percutaneous pedicle screw placement are comparable to those cited in the literature for the open method of pedicle screw placement. Greater caution must be taken during the insertion of L5 and S1 percutaneous pedicle screws owing to their more angulated pedicles, the anatomical variations in their vertebral bodies and the morphology of the spinal canal at this location.
  9. Arjmandi R, Hassan A, Mohamad Haafiz MK, Zakaria Z
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2015 Nov;81:91-9.
    PMID: 26234577 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.07.062
    In this study, hybrid montmorillonite/cellulose nanowhiskers (MMT/CNW) reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) nanocomposites were produced through solution casting. The CNW filler was first isolated from microcrystalline cellulose by chemical swelling technique. The partial replacement of MMT with CNW in order to produce PLA/MMT/CNW hybrid nanocomposites was performed at 5 parts per hundred parts of polymer (phr) fillers content, based on highest tensile strength values as reported in our previous study. MMT were partially replaced with various amounts of CNW (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5phr). The tensile, thermal, morphological and biodegradability properties of PLA hybrid nanocomposites were investigated. The highest tensile strength of hybrid nanocomposites was obtained with the combination of 4phr MMT and 1phr CNW. Interestingly, the ductility of hybrid nanocomposites increased significantly by 79% at this formulation. The Young's modulus increased linearly with increasing CNW content. Thermogravimetric analysis illustrated that the partial replacement of MMT with CNW filler enhanced the thermal stability of the PLA. This is due to the relatively good dispersion of fillers in the hybrid nanocomposites samples as revealed by transmission electron microscopy. Interestingly, partial replacements of MMT with CNW improved the biodegradability of hybrid nanocomposites compared to PLA/MMT and neat PLA.
  10. Abdulwahid Mohammad Noor K, Mohd Norsuddin N, Che Isa IN, Abdul Karim MK
    Radiography (Lond), 2024 Jul;30(4):1041-1052.
    PMID: 38723445 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2024.04.019
    INTRODUCTION: Breast imaging plays a crucial role in the early detection and management of breast cancer, with visual quality, modality innovation and diagnostic performance being key factors in achieving accurate diagnoses and optimal patient outcomes. This paper presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the literature on the three above elements focusing on breast imaging, aiming to uncover publication trends, identify influential works and authors, and highlight future research directions.

    METHODS: We employed a methodical bibliometric approach, making use of Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases for gathering literatures. We planned our search strategy, concentrating on terms linked to "breast imaging," "image quality," and "diagnostic accuracy" to ensure a systematic examination of the subject. The enhanced search functions in these databases enabled us to narrow down and improve our findings, choosing only the articles, conference papers, and book sections that are most relevant. After conducting a thorough screening process to remove duplicates and evaluate significance, we utilized ScientoPy and VOSviewer software for an in-depth bibliometric analysis. This helped to explore trends in publications, patterns of citations, and thematic groups, giving us a better understanding of how the field has changed and where it currently stands. Our approach prioritized assessing methodological quality and bias in the studies we included, guaranteeing the reliability of our findings.

    RESULTS: We reviewed 2984 relevant publications, revealing a consistent annual growth rate of 2.8% in breast imaging research, with the United States and Europe leading in contributions. The study found that advancements in radiological technologies and international collaboration are driving forces behind the field's expansion. Key subject areas such as 'Radiology, Nuclear Medicine, and Medical Imaging' dominated, underscoring their impact on diagnostic quality. Notable authors and institutions have been identified for their influential research, characterized by high citation metrics and significant scholarly impact.

    CONCLUSION: The study shows a continuous increase in research on breast imaging, considered by new technologies and teamwork defining the present time. The assessment highlights a key move towards utilizing digital imaging methods and computational analysis, affecting the improvement of future diagnostic procedures and patients' results. The study highlights the importance of continued international collaborations to tackle the new barriers in breast imaging and make the most of technological progress.

    IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: This study shows a focus on using interdisciplinary methods and cutting-edge technology in breast imaging to help healthcare professionals improve their performance and accuracy in diagnosis. Recognizing vital research and emerging trends should guide clinical guidelines, radiology training, and patient care plans to encourage the use of effective techniques and stimulate innovation in diagnostic approaches.

  11. Govindarajan MK, Durai B, Sundar VS, Uppupettai Ganeshbabu MB, Chiramel S
    Med J Malaysia, 2025 Jan;80(Suppl 1):77-79.
    PMID: 39773947
    Barotrauma is a medical condition caused by sudden pressure changes in the body causing damage to multiple parts of the body. However, it is an infrequent occurrence when it comes to Colo-rectal perforation, wherein the trauma occurs due to the insufflation of compressed air through the anus. Several factors influence the outcome of a patient with colonic perforation due to barotrauma such as the severity of the injury, hemodynamic status of the patient, the patient's general health and well-being, the time taken for active medical/ surgical intervention since the injury, aggressive intravenous antibiotics administration to prevent sepsis, post-operative complications like surgical site infection, post-op ileus, anastomotic leak, etc. Overall, the patient's prognosis largely depends on early diagnosis, effective initial resuscitation, timely surgical intervention, and intensive post-operative care for a favorable outcome. Recently, we came across 2 cases of extensive pneumoperitoneum with Colo-rectal perforation as a result of the forceful insufflation of compressed air through the anus. Prompt medical intervention was necessary to prevent any further complications and they underwent surgical repair of the colorectal perforation.
  12. Sabullah, M. K., Gansau, A. J., Ahmad, S. A., Shamaan, N. A., Khalid, A., Sulaiman, M. R.
    MyJurnal
    The environmental toxicants such as copper are known to affect vital organ especially liver.
    This study examined the effects of copper sulfate (CuSO4) on the liver morphological structure
    of P. javanicus. The untreated control, 0.1 and 0.3 mg/L CuSO4 treated groups displayed normal
    polygonal structure of the hepatocyte. However, at the concentrations of 0.5, 1.0 and 5.0 mg/L
    CuSO4, the hepatostructure was significantly affected, as shown by the increasing number of
    dilation and congestion of sinusoids, vacuolation, macrophage activities and peliosis. The
    damage level and HSI value were increased while the number of hepatic nuclei per mm2 was
    decreased with the increasing of copper concentration. In conclusion, this study shows that the
    degree of liver damage in P.javanicus is dependent to the dose exposure.
  13. Chapagai, M. K., Wan Rosli ,W. I., Wan Manan, W. M., Jalil, R. A., Karrila, T., Pinkaew, S.
    MyJurnal
    Consumption of brown rice is increasing on account of higher nutritional components such as
    vitamins, minerals, fibres and antioxidants than white rice. However, the effect of domestic
    cooking methods on nutritional attributes of brown rice is not well-characterized. Hence, this
    study aimed to investigate the effect of cooking methods; pressure cooker (PC) and rice cooker
    (RC) on physicochemical, nutritional and sensory properties of brown rice from five different
    varieties: Sungyod (SY), Chiang (CH), and Lepnok (LP) of Thai and long grain LS1 and LS2 of
    Malaysian origin. Peak viscosity (PV) and final viscosity (FV) among uncooked samples were
    significantly different except for LS1 and LS2. Between cooking methods, protein content (8.17
    – 10.14%) was significantly different (p < 0.05) except in SY, LS1 and LS2 varieties whereas fat
    (1.74 – 2.71%) and ash content (1.15 – 1.46%) showed significant difference (p < 0.05) only
    in LP and SY varieties. Loss of iron was significantly higher in RC method than PC method
    but zinc and thiamine was insignificant. The LS1 and LS2 cooked in PC was significantly
    softer (p < 0.05) than cooked in RC. Hardness of PC cooked rice was correlated with PV (r
    = –0.965), breakdown viscosity (r = –0.973), setback viscosity (r = –0.944) at p < 0.01 and
    pasting temperature (r = 0.89, p < 0.05) of uncooked brown rice flours. Overall, PC was found
    better over RC in terms of cooking time, textural properties, nutrients and sensory attributes.
  14. Dayang Anita, A. A., Gendeh, H. S., Gendeh, M. K., Kosai, N. R., Mohd Ramzisham, A. R., Reynu R.
    Medicine & Health, 2017;12(2):375-377.
    MyJurnal
    Kateter Vena Cenral boleh tercabut dengan senang daripada tubuh badan.
    Artikel ini membincang tiga teknik terperinci yang berinovasi untuk mengelakkan
    berlakunya insiden kateter tercabut. Penempatan leher kateter kira-kira 1cm dari
    tempat kateter keluar pada bahagian kulit dengan jahitan tambahan di bahagian
    leher kateter membantu mencegah insiden kateter tercabut.
  15. Chater B, Couper I, McLeod J, Naidoo N, Rajakumar MK, Reid S, et al.
    ISBN: 0-7326-0959-3
    Citation: Chater B, Couper I, McLeod J, Naidoo N, Rajakumar MK, Reid S, Rosenblatt R, Rourke J, Strasser R, Wainer J. WONCA Policy on Rural Practice and Rural Health. Traralgon, Victoria, Australia: Monash University School of Rural Health; World Organisation of Family Doctors (WONCA), 2001
  16. Bentzen BG, Bridges-Webb C, Carmichael L, Ceitlin J, Feinbloom R, Metcalf D, et al.
    Citation: Bentzen BG, Bridges-Webb C, Carmichael L, Ceitlin J, Feinbloom R, Metcalf D, McWhinney I, Rajakumar MK. The Role of the General Practitioner/Family Physician in Health Care Systems: A Statement from WONCA, 1991
  17. Fazli FIM, Nayan N, Ahmad MK, Mohd Napi Ml, Hamed NKA, Khalid NS
    Sains Malaysiana, 2016;45:1197-1200.
    Titanium dioxide (TiO2
    ) nanoparticles thin film has been successfully synthesized by a spray pyrolysis deposition method
    by using an air compressor on a fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate and was annealed at different temperature. TiO2
    is the most common oxide as an electrode in dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) which still has chances of improvements to
    increase its efficiency as an electrode. The efficiency of a DSSC was relatively low but modifications on every part of a
    DSSC were currently in research progress and an increase in adsorbed dye molecules was considered a potential. Thus,
    the influences of annealing temperature on structural and morphological properties of TiO2
    have been studied using
    X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), respectively, while the efficiency of
    the films in a solar cell was studied by a solar simulator. The FESEM result showed several degrees of porosity obtained
    by varying the annealing temperature. The crystallinity of TiO2 investigated by XRD showed that the crystallinity of the
    TiO2
    thin films was generally unaffected by the annealing temperature. The relationship between the properties and the
    efficiency of the films as an electrode was also studied
  18. Mohd Napi Ml, Nayan N, Ahmad MK, Fazlee FIM, Hamed NKA, Khalid N
    Sains Malaysiana, 2016;45:1207-1211.
    Flourine doped tin oxide films were synthesized by using hydrothermal method with different volume of solvents. The
    thin film growth was carried out by fixing the concentration of tin and fluorine element precursors by only varying their
    solvents which were 2-propanol and DI water. The fabrication of FTO thin film by using mineral salt group as tin precursor
    with hydrothermal method on soda lime glass showed that the nanostructured growth did not distribute largely and took
    longer time. The seed layer of FTO has been used to overcome these problems thus the thin film growth distributed largely
    in short time. These experiments were conducted at a constant of hydrothermal temperature and reaction time which
    were 150°
    C and 5 h respectively. The result showed that, there was a change on the surface morphology in the formation
    of FTO films. The minimum value of sheet resistance was 0.1475 Ω/sq which was obtained using 65 mL of 2-propanol
    and 20 mL of DI water was lower than sheet resistance of commercial FTO films of 01693 Ω/sq. This fabricated FTO films
    showed a good transparency with higher of transmittance than 80%. The experimental findings suggested that 65 mL
    amount of 2-propanol and 20 mL of DI water in precursor solutions could produce the better of FTO performance than
    commercial FTO.
  19. Nabil FL, Anwar UMK, Bakar ES, Zaidon A, Lee SH, Paridah MT
    Sains Malaysiana, 2016;45:255-262.
    The aimed of this study was to evaluate the resistance of sesenduk (Endospermum diadenum) wood, treated using admixture
    of low molecular weight phenol formaldehyde (LmwPF) resin and nanoclay, against white rot fungus (Pycnoporus
    sanguineus) and subterranean termites (Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren). Seven sample groups including untreated
    sesenduk wood and treated sesenduk wood using 10, 15 and 20% LmwPF resin and the admixture of the 1.5% nanoclay
    with every level of resin concentrations. Air-dried samples were impregnated using vacuum-pressure process. After
    impregnation, the treated samples were heated in an oven at 150°
    C for 30 min. Five test blocks from each treatment
    group were tested separately against P. sanguineus and C. curvignathus in accordance with AWPA E10-12 and AWPA E1-13
    standards, respectively. The results showed that both treatments had significant effects on the percentage weight loss and
    decay rate of the samples. The weight loss due to termite attack was found reduce with the increasing PF concentration.
    Generally, the addition of 1.5% nanoclay in PF resin slightly increased the resistance against both deteriorating agents
    compared to the wood treated using PF alone. It was found that the PF resin can be used as an effective method to improve
    the durability of sesenduk wood.
  20. Ayob MTM, Mohd HMK, Abdul Rahman I, Mohamed F, Hidzir NM, Radiman S
    Sains Malaysiana, 2016;45:1265-1273.
    Kami melaporkan hasil kajian terhadap nanokomposit Ag-ZnO dengan nisbah berat yang berbeza bagi Ag:ZnO (0:10,
    7:10 & 25:10) yang telah disediakan melalui kaedah sonokimia. Kajian fotomangkin terhadap nanokomposit Ag-ZnO
    menunjukkan peningkatan kecekapan fotomangkin terhadap foto-penguraian larutan akues metilena biru berbanding
    nanobahan ZnO tulen di bawah penyinaran cahaya nampak. Sampel Ag-ZnO pada nisbah 7:10 menunjukkan aktiviti
    fotomangkin terbaik dan mencapai kadar penguraian sehingga 94% bagi tempoh masa penguraian selama 80 min,
    diikuti 86% bagi sampel ZnO tulen dengan menggunakan kaedah yang sama. Morfologi, struktur bahan, sifat optik dan
    kehabluran bagi nanokomposit Ag-ZnO juga dibincangkan menerusi data yang diperoleh melalui mikroskop elektron
    transmisi, spektroskopi ultralembayung-cahaya nampak dan difraktometer analisis sinar-X. Hasil kajian menunjukkan
    bahawa dengan penambahan zarah Ag kepada ZnO telah meningkatkan kadar serapan cahaya bagi ZnO di kawasan
    cahaya nampak dan meningkatkan kadar pemisahan cas foto-aruhan bagi menghasilkan rawatan air tercemar pewarna
    yang lebih baik.
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