Displaying publications 261 - 280 of 700 in total

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  1. Vaccine-induced immune thrombocytopaenia purpura in autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation
    Wan Jamaludin WF, Kok WH, Loong L, Palaniappan SK, Zakaria MZ, Ong TC, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2018 12;73(6):430-432.
    PMID: 30647224
    Immune Thrombocytopenia Purpura (ITP) secondary to vaccinations is rare, especially after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). A 31-yearold female received autologous HSCT for relapsed Hodgkin Disease, with platelet engraftment at Day+14. One week after receiving second scheduled vaccinations, she developed severe thrombocytopenia (3x109/L) associated with pharyngeal hematoma. Bone marrow (BM) examinations were consistent with ITP, possibly secondary to Influenza vaccine. Platelet increment was poor despite high dose corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), Danazol and Eltrombopag. A repeated BM biopsy was in agreement with ITP. Re-treatment with tapering doses of prednisolone resulted in stable platelet counts at 120x109/L a year later.
    Matched MeSH terms: Transplantation, Autologous/adverse effects; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects*
  2. Fulltext Hypertrophic nonunion of the ulna in a child: treatment with an elastic stable intramedullary nail without bone graft
    Abd Rashid AH, Ibrahim S
    Strategies Trauma Limb Reconstr, 2010 Dec;5(3):145-7.
    PMID: 21286359 DOI: 10.1007/s11751-010-0089-5
    Nonunion following diaphyseal forearm fracture is an uncommon complication in children. Compression plate fixation with bone grafting has been the standard method to treat this complication. We report a case of hypertrophic nonunion of the ulna in a child who was treated surgically using an elastic stable intramedullary nail (ESIN) without bone grafting. The nonunion healed 4 months after surgery.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bone Transplantation
  3. Parkinson's disease and the gastrointestinal microbiome
    Lubomski M, Tan AH, Lim SY, Holmes AJ, Davis RL, Sue CM
    J Neurol, 2020 Sep;267(9):2507-2523.
    PMID: 31041582 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-019-09320-1
    Recently, there has been a surge in awareness of the gastrointestinal microbiome (GM) and its role in health and disease. Of particular note is an association between the GM and Parkinson's disease (PD) and the realisation that the GM can act via a complex bidirectional communication between the gut and the brain. Compelling evidence suggests that a shift in GM composition may play an important role in the pathogenesis of PD by facilitating the characteristic ascending neurodegenerative spread of α-synuclein aggregates from the enteric nervous system to the brain. Here, we review evidence linking GM changes with PD, highlighting mechanisms supportive of pathological α-synuclein spread and intestinal inflammation in PD. We summarise existing patterns and correlations seen in clinical studies of the GM in PD, together with the impacts of non-motor symptoms, medications, lifestyle, diet and ageing on the GM. Roles of GM modulating therapies including probiotics and faecal microbiota transplantation are discussed. Encouragingly, alterations in the GM have repeatedly been observed in PD, supporting a biological link and highlighting it as a potential therapeutic target.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
  4. Fulltext Intraspinal epidural hematoma in a warfarinized patient presenting with back pain: a case report
    Jolina, W.N., Dazlin Masdiana, S., Afliza, A.B.
    Medicine & Health, 2018;13(2):188-194.
    MyJurnal
    Warfarin is an anticoagulant that is commonly used as thrombo-prophylaxis in patients at risk of thrombo-embolic events. However, the use of warfarin is known to cause hemorrhage due to its anticoagulation effect. Although the common sites of hemorrhage are gastrointestinal and genitourinary tract, it can also occur in the least expected location. We report a rare case of spinal cord compression secondary to intraspinal epidural hematoma as a result of overwarfarinization in a patient who had undergone liver transplant. The patient underwent emergency decompression laminectomy of spinal cord and hematoma evacuation after the reversal of overwarfarinization to normal levels.
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver Transplantation
  5. Fulltext Willingness and Perceived Barriers towards Organ Donation among Student Nurses in Universiti Malaysia Sabah
    R. Segaran, Mohd Amsyar Bacho, Asrani Yaco
    Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences, 2018;12(101):67-68.
    MyJurnal
    Organ transplant has become a main stream important medical procedure commonly used in hospitals. However, for organ transplant programme to be successful, it heavily relies on the public to voluntarily register for organ procurement. Effort to promote awareness and register public as organ donors has been ongoing, but public response to commit and register as donors has been lukewarm. Arguably, healthcare personnel and nurses are in a key position to educate and advocate for organ donation but often, ironically healthcare personal themselves are reluctant or unwilling to commit as organ donors. Thus, in the context of student nurses in Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS), the question arises, what is their stance and views regarding organ donation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Organ Transplantation
  6. Fulltext What are the barriers and solutions to renal transplantation in Malaysia? a qualitative key-informant study
    Peter Gan Kim Soon, Sanjay Rampal, Lim Soo Kun, Tin Tin Su
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2019;15(106):8-8.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Kidney transplantation (KT) is the preferred end-stage renal disease (ESRD) treatment because it pro-vides a better survival rate, quality of life as well as a cheaper alternative. However, Malaysia’s KT rates is consis-tently low considering that ESRD rates have been increasing exponentially. With only four hospitals performing KT, there’s a gap to indicate a lack of evaluation in KT system of Malaysia. Qualitative study was undertaken to explore and describe the barriers and solutions improve the rates and service of KT in Malaysia. Methods: Semi-structured interviews adopted as qualitative methodological approach to explore current KT policy and service in Malaysia be-tween March – May 2018 in Kuala Lumpur. Eight key-informants selected using stakeholder analysis and informed consent were obtained. Interviews were digitally audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Barriers and solutions of Malaysia’s KT are the results of complex interplay of personal, cultural, and environmental factors that can be categorized and described using the five levels of influence conceptualized by the socio-ecological model (SEM). Guidance for developing culturally appropriate and sensitive interventional strategies was elicited from the key informants’ experiences to improve KT rate and services in Malaysia. Conclusion:Malaysia is experiencing very low rate of KT compared to other countries. The use of SEM provided a framework to foster a better understanding of current practice, barriers and solutions to KT in Malaysia. Implications of these find-ings could prompt policy change for better KT service delivery model. Further stakeholder engagement and evalua-tion is required to align best practices to improve KT rates and service in Malaysia that is comparable to high-income countries.
    Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Transplantation
  7. Fulltext The Ethics of the Reuse of Disposable Medical Supplies
    Das AK, Okita T, Enzo A, Asai A
    Asian Bioeth Rev, 2020 Jun;12(2):103-116.
    PMID: 33717332 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-020-00114-6
    The use of single-use items (SUDs) is now ubiquitous in medical practice. Because of the high costs of these items, the practice of reusing them after sterilisation is also widespread especially in resource-poor economies. However, the ethics of reusing disposable items remain unclear. There are several analogous conditions, which could shed light on the ethics of reuse of disposables. These include the use of restored kidney transplantation and the use of generic drugs etc. The ethical issues include the question of patient safety and the possibility of infection. It is also important to understand the role (or otherwise) of informed consent before reuse of disposables. The widespread practice of reuse may bring down high healthcare costs and also reduce the huge amount of hospital waste that is generated. The reuse of disposables can be justified on various grounds including the safety and the cost effectiveness of this practice.
    Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Transplantation
  8. Role of microglia in embryonic neurogenesis
    Tong CK, Vidyadaran S
    Exp Biol Med (Maywood), 2016 Sep;241(15):1669-75.
    PMID: 27555616 DOI: 10.1177/1535370216664430
    Microglia begin colonizing the developing brain as early as embryonic day 9, prior to the emergence of neurons and other glia. Their ontogeny is also distinct from other central nervous system cells, as they derive from yolk sac hematopoietic progenitors and not neural progenitors. In this review, we feature these unique characteristics of microglia and assess the spatiotemporal similarities between microglia colonization of the central nervous system and embryonic neurogenesis. We also infer to existing evidence for microglia function from embryonic through to postnatal neurodevelopment to postulate roles for microglia in neurogenesis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
  9. Fulltext Modified vacuum-assisted closure
    Sia, S.F., Fong, E.P.
    JUMMEC, 2006;9(2):24-27.
    MyJurnal
    The treatment of large ulcers is a problem. Closure with flaps and even skin grafts in compromised patients is often fraught with risks. Dressing these large wounds is also a problem, as they are often heavily exudative. We report our experience using the vacuum-assisted closure technique in managing difficult ulcers in four patients. A modification of the technique using cheap, easily available materials is described. The vacuum-assisted suction is an effective treatment for large ulcers in compromised patients. It facilitates considerable contraction of the wound, and in smaller wounds; the vacuum-assisted closure allows sufficient contracture to enable delayed primary closure. We recommend the use of this method of wound dressing and closure in large wounds particularly, in high-risk patients where extensive flap coverage or even split skin graft would incur considerable risk.
    Matched MeSH terms: Skin Transplantation
  10. Fulltext Therapeutic and tectonic penetrating keratoplasty- all in one
    Ng, W.L., Umi Kalthum, M.N., Jemaima, C.H., Then, K.Y.
    Journal of Surgical Academia, 2015;5(1):79-81.
    MyJurnal
    A middle-aged gentleman with history of left penetrating keratoplatsy presented with left eye perforated corneal graft secondary to infective keratitis. The affected eye was blind from absolute steroid-induced glaucoma. In view of expected poor graft survival in a blind eye, globe removal was offered. However, the patient refused the treatment and request for another corneal graft. This case highlights both the possibility of good outcome of cornea graft in such a case, and also illustrates that patient’s autonomy to refuse treatment option outweighs beneficence.
    Matched MeSH terms: Corneal Transplantation
  11. Fulltext The Use Demineralized Freeze-Dried Bovine Bone Xenograft In Reducing Post-Surgical Periodontal Pocket Depth
    Baharuddin, N.A., Kamin, S., Samsuddin, A.R.
    Ann Dent, 2003;10(1):-.
    MyJurnal
    This study evaluated the effectiveness of demineralized freeze-dried bone xenograft in reducing post-surgical pocket depth in moderate to advanced adult periodontitis in patients. Nine patients with a total of eighteen intrabony defects were selected for this study. The bony defects were matched for tooth type, location and pocket depth. Following an initial non-surgical treatment, only pockets of 5 to 7 mm deep were indicated for surgery. Periodontal pockets were measured pre-operatively and at 3, 6 and 9 months post-surgically. The study protocol included a split mouth design, where surgical treatment was carried out at both test and control sites. The test sites were assigned demineralized freeze-dried bone xenograft and the control sites were subjected to debridement alone without the use of demineralized freeze-dried bone xenograft. The results from this study showed a statistically significant difference in the mean pocket depth at 6 and 9 months post-operatively for both test and control groups, but there was no statistically significant difference at 3 months. In conclusion, demineralized freeze-dried bone xenograft was ineffective in reducing periodontal pocket depth in patients with moderate to severe periodontitis, as compared to surgical debridement alone.
    Matched MeSH terms: Transplantation, Heterologous
  12. Fulltext Morsellized Allograft and Acetabular Reconstruction Cage: Follow – up of 2 to 9 years
    Abbas, A.A., Merican, A.M., Mohamad, J.A.
    Malays Orthop J, 2007;1(1):5-7.
    MyJurnal
    We report the outcome of 32 patients who underwent total hip replacement (THR) augmented with morsellized fresh frozen femoral head allografts and acetabular reconstruction cages. Nine patients underwent primary THR and 23 patients underwent revision THR. Follow-up ranged from two to 9 years. Two most common indications for the procedures as reported in literature were rheumatoid arthritis and aseptic loosening of the hip. All but one patient achieved good outcome with radiographs showing full incorporation of bone grafts and no evidence of loosening of the implants. Morsellized bone grafting used with acetabular reinforcement devices is valuable for addressing severe acetabular deficiencies.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bone Transplantation
  13. Fulltext Comparison of Fusion Rate Between Autogenous Tricortical Iliac Crest Bone Graft and Hydroxyapatite Block Graft inAnterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion Surgery
    Zulkefli, A., Jeyasilan, K., Zairul, A.K.B., Ramanathan, R.
    Malays Orthop J, 2009;3(2):36-39.
    MyJurnal
    Objective: To compare the fusion rate between autogenous tricortical iliac crest bone graft and hydroxyapatite block graft in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) surgery. Methodology: Retrospective review of cases that underwent ACDF surgery between 2005 and 2008. They were divided into two groups based on the graft material used. Assessment of fusion at 6 months post-surgery was carried out based on the static lateral cervical radiograph. Results: 32 cases were reviewed; 16 in each arm. There were 29 discectomies performed in the hydroxyapatite group as compared to 22 in the iliac crest group. 18 levels in the hydrxyapatite group showed radiological fusion while in the iliac crest group there were 21 levels fused. Seven patients had donor site pain. Conclusion: The fusion rate for autogenous tricortical iliac crest bone graft in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion surgery was 95%, a more superior fusion rate than that of hydroxyapatite block graft which was 62.1%.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bone Transplantation
  14. Fulltext Review Article: Stem Cell Therapy in Orthopaedic Surgery:Current Status and Ethical Considerations
    Hui,J.H.P., Azura M., Lee, E.H.
    Malays Orthop J, 2009;3(1):4-12.
    MyJurnal
    Regenerative medicine using stem cell therapy has sparked much interest in this 21st century not only because of the controversies that surround the ethics involving pluripotent stem cells but their potential for use in the clinic. The ability of stem cells to repair and regenerate new tissues and organs holds tremendous promise for the treatment of many serious diseases and injuries. This review provides a brief summary of the current status of research in stem cells with special emphasis on where we are in terms of the possible clinical application of stem cell therapy in orthopaedic surgery. We look at the available evidence and examine the ethical issues and considerations associated with the clinical use of stem cells.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stem Cell Transplantation
  15. Fulltext Cyclosporine-induced gingival overgrowth in a patient with hepatitis C virus infection - a case report
    Subramaniam, U.
    Malaysian Dental Journal, 2007;28(2):103-106.
    MyJurnal
    Gingival overgrowth is a well-recognized unwanted effect associated with three major drugs / drug groups - phenytoin, cyclosporine and the calcium channel blockers. Cyclosporine is the first-choice immunosuppressant for preventing allograft rejection in patients who have received organ or bone marrow transplants. This report aims to highlight a case in which the patient on cyclosporine therapy had also contracted Hepatitis C virus infection.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bone Marrow Transplantation
  16. Fulltext Fibula Osteocutaneous Flap for Mandible Reconstruction after Ameloblastoma Resection: Amending Technique to Reduce Ischaemic Time
    Chee, E.K., Sara Ahmad, T., Ng, E.S.
    Malays Orthop J, 2007;1(1):39-41.
    MyJurnal
    A 27-year-old patient with ameloblastoma of the mandible
    underwent anterior mandibulectomy and reconstruction with
    left fibula osteocutaneous flap. The bone was shaped at the
    lower limb before cutting the pedicle. Vascularised free fibula flap provides a good alternative to other bone grafts in mandible reconstruction as it is relatively easy to perform, carries a low complication rate, and mandibular shaping with intact pedicle cuts down on ischaemic as well as total operative time.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bone Transplantation
  17. Fulltext A review on hydroxyapatite-based scaffolds as a potential bone graft substitute for bone tissue engineering applications
    Krishnamurithy, G.
    JUMMEC, 2013;16(2):1-6.
    MyJurnal
    The biocompatibility and similarity of hydroxyapatite (HA) to the mineral composition of the bone has made HA a potential candidate in bone tissue engineering (BTE). Over the past few decades, its application as bone graft in combination with stem cells has gained much importance. The use of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) will enhance the rate and quality of defect repair. However, application of hydroxyapatite as a material to develop a 3-dimension scaffold or carrier to support MSCs in vitro is still in its infant stage. This review will discuss the source, manufacturing methods and advantages of using HA scaffolds in bone tissue engineering applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bone Transplantation
  18. Fulltext Encapsulation and Characterization of Gentamicin Sulfate in the Collagen Added Electrospun Nanofibers for Skin Regeneration
    Abdul Khodir WKW, Abdul Razak AH, Ng MH, Guarino V, Susanti D
    J Funct Biomater, 2018 May 18;9(2).
    PMID: 29783681 DOI: 10.3390/jfb9020036
    In the current practice, the clinical use of conventional skin substitutes such as autogenous skin grafts have shown several problems, mainly with respect to limited sources and donor site morbidity. In order to overcome these limitations, the use of smart synthetic biomaterials is tremendously diffusing as skin substitutes. Indeed, engineered skin grafts or analogues frequently play an important role in the treatment of chronic skin wounds, by supporting the regeneration of newly formed tissue, and at the same time preventing infections during the long-term treatment. In this context, natural proteins such as collagen-natively present in the skin tissue-embedded in synthetic polymers (i.e., PCL) allow the development of micro-structured matrices able to mimic the functions and to structure of the surrounding extracellular matrix. Moreover, the encapsulation of drugs, such as gentamicin sulfate, also improves the bioactivity of nanofibers, due to the efficient loading and a controlled drug release towards the site of interest. Herein, we have done a preliminary investigation on the capability of gentamicin sulfate, loaded into collagen-added nanofibers, for the controlled release in local infection treatments. Experimental studies have demonstrated that collagen added fibers can be efficaciously used to administrate gentamicin for 72 h without any toxic in vitro response, thus emerging as a valid candidate for the therapeutic treatment of infected wounds.
    Matched MeSH terms: Skin Transplantation
  19. Fulltext Transplantation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells reduces liver fibrosis more effectively than Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stromal cells
    Rengasamy M, Singh G, Fakharuzi NA, Siddikuzzaman, Balasubramanian S, Swamynathan P, et al.
    Stem Cell Res Ther, 2017 06 13;8(1):143.
    PMID: 28610623 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0595-1
    BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from various tissues have shown moderate therapeutic efficacy in reversing liver fibrosis in preclinical models. Here, we compared the relative therapeutic potential of pooled, adult human bone marrow (BM)- and neonatal Wharton's jelly (WJ)-derived MSCs to treat CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in rats.

    METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with CCl4 for 8 weeks to induce irreversible liver fibrosis. Ex-vivo expanded, pooled human MSCs obtained from BM and WJ were intravenously administered into rats with liver fibrosis at a dose of 10 × 106 cells/animal. Sham control and vehicle-treated animals served as negative and disease controls, respectively. The animals were sacrificed at 30 and 70 days after cell transplantation and hepatic-hydroxyproline content, histopathological, and immunohistochemical analyses were performed.

    RESULTS: BM-MSCs treatment showed a marked reduction in liver fibrosis as determined by Masson's trichrome and Sirius red staining as compared to those treated with the vehicle. Furthermore, hepatic-hydroxyproline content and percentage collagen proportionate area were found to be significantly lower in the BM-MSCs-treated group. In contrast, WJ-MSCs treatment showed less reduction of fibrosis at both time points. Immunohistochemical analysis of BM-MSCs-treated liver samples showed a reduction in α-SMA+ myofibroblasts and increased number of EpCAM+ hepatic progenitor cells, along with Ki-67+ and human matrix metalloprotease-1+ (MMP-1+) cells as compared to WJ-MSCs-treated rat livers.

    CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that BM-MSCs are more effective than WJ-MSCs in treating liver fibrosis in a CCl4-induced model in rats. The superior therapeutic activity of BM-MSCs may be attributed to their expression of certain MMPs and angiogenic factors.

    Matched MeSH terms: Bone Marrow Transplantation*; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation*
  20. Fulltext Patching up the bone – a case report of autologous fibrin matrix in combination with autogenous bone graft for bone and soft tissue regeneration
    Mohd Kherman Suparman, Hazmyr Abdul Wahab, Nazer Berahim, Tengku Intan Baizura Tengku Jamaluddin
    Malaysian Dental Journal, 2017;2017(1):1-12.
    MyJurnal
    Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) is a natural autologous fibrin matrix and is an effective biomaterial product. The application of PRF in oral surgery is not limited to tissue regeneration, but it has been utilized in several minor and major oral surgical procedures. Numerous studies have proven that either alone or in combination with bone graft, PRF acts as bone and soft tissue regeneration and it is able to stimulate physiological wound healing. This case report will introduce the utilization of PRF combined with autogenous bone graft in restoring four walls dental socket defect due to post-surgical extraction complication and plan for implant placement in the future. It acts in the form of a resorbable membrane and stem cell connector to the bone. After 3 months post-surgery review, there was no signs of infection or tissue rejection and the harvested bone was still viable. The PRF is comparable to commercially available membrane in the market, where clinical results can be predicted and possibility of reduction in post-surgical complications is achieved. This is due to 1) its compatibility with bone graft materials notably autogenous type, 2) induced neovascularisation and 3) reduction in inflammatory reaction. Our team is confident that the result of PRF at the edentulous region for rehabilitation purposes is beneficial and cost-effective to our patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bone Transplantation
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