MyMedR

Fulltext Supplementation of TGF-Beta3 in low serum media promotes chondrogenesis of BMSCs

Hamoud, H. A., Ruszymah, I., Chua, K. H., Aminuddin, S

Medicine & Health, 2017;12(2):293-303.

MyJurnal

Kejuruteraan tisu merupakan satu bidang perubatan baru yang membolehkan tisu
manusia dibentuk secara in vitro sebelum pemindahan tisu dilakukan. Sel stem
mesenkima daripada sum sum tulang (BMSCs) adalah sumber sel yang sesuai
dalam kejuruteraan tisu tulang rawan, ekoran kebolehannya untuk membentuk
rawan hialin. Kajian ini telah dijalankan untuk mengkaji potensi BMSCs untuk
membentuk sel rawan secara in vitro dan in vivo. BMSCs dipencilkan daripada
kambing dan dibahagikan kepada dua kumpulan; iaitu kumpulan kajian dan
kumpulan kawalan. Sel di dalam kumpulan kawalan disemai di dalam medium
yang mengandungi 10% serum anak lembu (FBS). Manakala, sel di dalam kumpulan
kajian telah dikultur di dalam medium yang diperkaya dengan 1% FBS, 1% ITS, 5
ng/mL TGF-ß3, 50 ng/mL IGF-1, 40 ng/mL L-proline, 100 nM dexamethasone dan
50 μg / fosfat. Analisis pembentukan sel rawan telah dijalankan secara in vivo pada
model mencit gondol atimus. Sel didapati beragregasi di dalam kumpulan kajian
dan menunjukkan permulaannya kondrogenesis telah berlaku dalam pengkulturan
sel. Kerangka fibrin yang telah disemai bersama sel yang telah atau tidak diaruh
disediakan dan ditanamkan di dalam lapisan subkutaneus mencik gondol atimus
selama 5 minggu. Eksplan tersebut kemudiannya dikeluarkan daripada lokasi
penempelan untuk pemeriksaan histologi. Berdasarkan pewarnaan Safranin O dan
pengekspresan GAG, eksplan daripada kumpulan kajian didapati menghasilkan
matriks rawan pada kadar yang tinggi berbanding eksplan di dalam kumpulan
kawalan. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan keberkesanan medium rendah serum yang mengandungi TGF-ß3 merangsang pembezaan sel stem mesenkima daripada
sum-sum tulang untuk menjadi sel rawa

Fulltext Planting Jatropha curcas on constrained land: emission and effects from land use change

Firdaus MS, Husni MH

ScientificWorldJournal, 2012;2012:405084.

PMID: 22545018 DOI: 10.1100/2012/405084

A study was carried out to assess carbon emission and carbon loss caused from land use change (LUC) of converting a wasteland into a Jatropha curcas plantation. The study was conducted for 12 months at a newly established Jatropha curcas plantation in Port Dickson, Malaysia. Assessments of soil carbon dioxide (CO(2)) flux, changes of soil total carbon and plant biomass loss and growth were made on the wasteland and on the established plantation to determine the effects of land preparation (i.e., tilling) and removal of the wasteland's native vegetation. Overall soil CO(2) flux showed no significant difference (P < 0.05) between the two plots while no significant changes (P < 0.05) on soil total carbon at both plots were detected. It took 1.5 years for the growth of Jatropha curcas to recover the biomass carbon stock lost during land conversion. As far as the present study is concerned, converting wasteland to Jatropha curcas showed no adverse effects on the loss of carbon from soil and biomass and did not exacerbate soil respiration.

Bandaged penis

Murty OP, Mahinda HA

J Forensic Leg Med, 2007 Jul;14(5):301-3.

PMID: 16962816

This is a case of a male in his late 30s who died due to acute myocardial ischemia. His penis was bandaged. The penis was inflamed and had infected abrasions. The possible relevances of such an incidental finding and its contribution to sudden death is explored. The case report shows photographs of the bandage in situ and its components, inflammation of frenulum, injury to the shaft, and the generalized inflamed and mildly swollen penis. These changes were considered to be caused by bites. The micro-photographic findings in the case were of acute myocardial ischemia, pulmonary oedema, and fatty liver.

Characteristics and prosthesis usage of amputees attending Medical Rehabilitation services in Malaysia

Karim HHA, Chern PM

Med J Malaysia, 2020 09;75(5):519-524.

PMID: 32918420

INTRODUCTION: Increasing numbers of limb amputation are performed globally and in Malaysia due to the rise of complications because of Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Limb amputation influences many aspects of an individual's life, and prosthesis restoration is one of the primary rehabilitation goals to help amputees resume daily activities. As limited information is available in Malaysia, this study aims to determine the socio-demographic, clinical characteristics and prosthesis usage among the amputees.

METHODS: A cross-sectional study using self-developed survey form was conducted at 13 Medical Rehabilitation Clinics in Malaysia among 541 upper and lower limb amputees of any duration and cause.

RESULTS: The study population had a mean age of 54 years. Majority were males, Malays, married and had completed secondary school. About 70% of amputations were performed due to DM complications and at transtibial level. Fifty-eight percent of unilateral lower limb amputees were using prosthesis with a mean (standard deviation) of 6.48 (±4.55) hours per day. Time since amputation was the true factor associated with prosthesis usage. Longer hours of prosthesis use per day was positively correlated with longer interval after prosthesis restoration (r=0.467).

CONCLUSION: Higher aetiology of DM and lower prosthesis usage among amputees may be because of high prevalence of DM in Malaysia. The prosthesis usage and hours of use per day were low compared to the international reports, which may be influenced by sampling location and time since amputation. Nevertheless, this is a novel multicentre study on the characteristics and prosthesis usage of amputees. Hopefully, this research will assist to support, facilitate and promote prosthesis rehabilitation in Malaysia.

Antiviral and virucidal activities of sulphated polysaccharides against Japanese encephalitis virus

Nor Rashid N, Yusof R, Rothan HA

Trop Biomed, 2020 Sep 01;37(3):713-721.

PMID: 33612784 DOI: 10.47665/tb.37.3.713

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a member of the family Flaviviridae, causes severe neurological disorders in humans. JEV infections represent one of the most widely spread mosquito-borne diseases, and therefore, it has been considered as an endemic disease. An effective antiviral drug is still unavailable to treat JEV, and current drugs only provide supportive treatment to alleviate the symptoms and stabilize patients' conditions. This study was designed to evaluate the antiviral activity of the sulphated polysaccharides "Carrageenan," a linear sulphated polysaccharide that is extracted from red edible seaweeds against JEV replication in vitro. Viral inactivation, attachment, and post-infection assays were used to determine the mode of inhibition of Carrageenan. Virus titters after each application were evaluated by plaque formation assay. MTT assay was used to determine the 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50), and ELISA-like cell-based assay and immunostaining and immunostaining techniques were used to evaluate the 50% effective concentration (EC50). This study showed that Carrageenan inhibited JEV at an EC50 of 15 µg/mL in a dose-dependent manner with CC50 more than 200 µg/mL in healthy human liver cells (WRL68). The mode of inhibition assay showed that the antiviral effects of Carrageenan are mainly due to their ability to inhibit the early stages of virus infection such as the viral attachment and the cellular entry stages. Our investigation showed that Carrageenan could be considered as a potent antiviral agent to JEV infection. Further experimental and clinical studies are needed to investigate the potential applications of Carrageenan for clinical intervention against JEV infection.

Fulltext Sea-snake bite; a survey of fishing villages in northwest Malaya

REID HA, LIM KJ

Br Med J, 1957 Nov 30;2(5056):1266-72.

PMID: 13479694

Fulltext Koro-like symptoms with associated erectile dysfunction in a Rohingya refugee

Abdullah KHA, Wahab S

ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, 2012;13(2):221-223.

MyJurnal

This case report highlights Koro-like symptoms with erectile dysfunction.
Methods: We report a case of a Rohingya refugee who presented with Koro-like symptoms associated with erectile dysfunction and severe religious guilt.
Results: Sexual dysfunction, i.e. erectile dysfunction may be a predisposing factor for a Koro incidence. Religious issues complicated by superstitious beliefs pose a treatment challenge.
Conclusion: Treating patient with sexual dysfunction should involve exploring and addressing patient's conflicts to avoid worsening of symptoms. As this case illustrates, severe anxiety can present with Koro-like symptoms.

Multiple fetal and adult hemoglobins in Malaysian Macaca nemestrina: consequences of a-chain variation

Nute PE, Pataryas HA

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol., 1974 Jan;40(1):17-25.

PMID: 4206325

Fulltext The use of an in-house modified double antibody sandwich ELISA to detect Aspergillus antigens in sera of immunosuppressed patients

Samad SA, Rahman HA

Singapore Med J, 1999 Aug;40(8):513-8.

PMID: 10572490

The purpose of this study was to retrospectively detect Aspergillus antigens in sera obtained from immunocompromised host using an in-house modified double antibody sandwich ELISA.

Serum procalcitonin has negative predictive value for bacterial infection in active systemic lupus erythematosus

Bador KM, Intan S, Hussin S, Gafor AH

Lupus, 2012 Oct;21(11):1172-7.

PMID: 22652631 DOI: 10.1177/0961203312450085

Previous studies in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients have produced conflicting results regarding the diagnostic utility of procalcitonin (PCT). The aim of this study was to determine predictive values of PCT and C-reactive protein (CRP) for bacterial infection in SLE patients.

Isoniazid preventive therapy in correctional facilities: a systematic review

Al-Darraji HA, Kamarulzaman A, Altice FL

Int J Tuberc Lung Dis, 2012 Jul;16(7):871-9.

PMID: 22410101 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.11.0447

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and the main cause of death in correctional facilities in middle- and low-income countries. Due to the closed environment and the concentration of individuals with TB-related risk factors, effective measures are required to control TB in such settings. Isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) represents an effective and cost-effective measure. Despite international recommendations that IPT be integral to TB control, it is seldom deployed. A systematic review of interventions used to assess IPT initiation and completion in correctional facilities was conducted using published studies from two biomedical databases and relevant keywords. Additional references were reviewed, resulting in 18 eligible studies. Most (72%) studies were conducted in the United States and in jail settings (60%), with the main objective of improving completion rates inside the facility or after release. Studies that provided data about initiation and completion rates showed poor success in correctional facilities. Adverse consequences and treatment interruption ranged from 1% to 55% (median 5%) in reported studies; hepatotoxicity was the most prevalent adverse reaction. Despite its accelerating effect on the development of active TB, information on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status was provided in only half of the studies. Among the four studies where IPT effectiveness was assessed, the results mirror those described in community settings. Future studies require thorough assessments of IPT initiation and completion rates and adverse effects, particularly in low- and middle-income countries and where comorbid viral hepatitis may contribute significantly to outcomes, and in settings where TB and HIV are more endemic.

An observational study of drug administration errors in a Malaysian hospital (study of drug administration errors)

Chua SS, Tea MH, Rahman MH

J Clin Pharm Ther, 2009 Apr;34(2):215-23.

PMID: 19250142 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2710.2008.00997.x

Drug administration errors were the second most frequent type of medication errors, after prescribing errors but the latter were often intercepted hence, administration errors were more probably to reach the patients. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the frequency and types of drug administration errors in a Malaysian hospital ward.

Fulltext Metastatic nasal chondrosarcoma

Sathappan S, Razak HA, Loo CP

Med J Malaysia, 2007 Oct;62(4):347-8.

PMID: 18551946 MyJurnal

Chondrosarcomas are uncommon tumors which originates in the head and neck and accounts for approximately 10 to 15% of all cases. Most chondrosarcomas exhibit an indolent growth pattern. Nasoseptal tumors may mimic common sinonasal conditions, making early diagnosis difficult. We report a case of nasoseptal metastatic chondrosarcoma which was atypical, characterized by an aggressive growth pattern and widely disseminated.

Fulltext Massive epistaxis secondary to pseudoaneurysm of internal carotid artery

Abdullah A, Putra SH, Saim L

Med J Malaysia, 2006 Mar;61(1):84-7.

PMID: 16708739 MyJurnal

Post-traumatic pseudoaneurysms of internal carotid arteries are uncommon. The patients may present with massive epistaxis due to rupture of the aneurysm into the sphenoid sinus. Early diagnosis and treatment is mandatory as the likelihood of exsanguinations increases with each subsequent episode of epistaxis. The clinical features of unilateral blindness and massive epistaxis after head injury should indicate the diagnosis. The high mortality of this entity underlines the importance of early angiography in these patients to confirm this diagnosis. We present 3 cases of post-traumatic aneurysm of the ICA.

Non-ulcerative soft tissue mycosis of long duration mimicking soft tissue sarcoma--a case report

Omar E, Murugesan A, Bakar NH, Wan Z

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2005 Nov;36(6):1530-2.

PMID: 16610657

Soft tissue mycosis usually presents with a triad of tumefaction, suppuration and ulceration. We report an unusual case of soft tissue mycosis in a 42-year-old male teacher who presented with painless swelling over the anterolateral aspect of the right shin for 4 years duration.

Fulltext Cervical necrotizing fasciitis due to klebsiella

Mazita A, Abdullah A, Primuharsa Putra SHA

Med J Malaysia, 2005 Dec;60(5):657-9.

PMID: 16515123

Necrotizing fasciitis is an aggressive infection involving fascia and subcutaneous tissue thus causing infectious thrombosis of the nutrient vessels to the overlying skin ultimately leading to extensive necrosis. Although necrotizing fasciitis is common in the perineum, abdominal wall and extremities it is relatively uncommon in the head and neck region. This is a case report of a 65 year old female visiting from India who presented with diabetic ketoacidosis precipitated by cervical necrotizing fasciitis. Computed tomography imaging showed involvement of the left parapharyngeal space and there was soft tissue gas present. This patient subsequently underwent an emergency neck exploration and desloughing. Repeated pus culture studies isolated Klebsiella species as the sole pathogen. Our case illustrates that prompt diagnosis and treatment of cervical necrotizing fasciitis can ensure a good outcome.

Photoluminescence and thermoluminescence properties of Li2 O-Na2 O-B2 O3 glass

Razak NA, Hashim S, Mhareb MH, Tamchek N

Luminescence, 2016 May;31(3):754-9.

PMID: 26333749 DOI: 10.1002/bio.3020

Influence of Nd(3+) concentration on the optical and thermoluminescence (TL) properties of melt-annealed synthesized 10 Na2 O: 20 Li2 O: (70-x) B2 O3 : xNd2 O3 , where 0.1≤ x ≤0.7 (LNB) glasses are determined. The absence of sharp peaks in X-ray diffraction patterns confirms the amorphous nature of the prepared glasses. The photoluminescence spectra under 800 nm laser excitations at room temperature exhibit three prominent peaks centred at 538, 603 and 675 nm corresponding to the transitions of (4) G7/2 → (4) I9/2 , [(4) G7/2 → (4) I11/2 , (4) G5/2 → (4) I9/2 ] and [(4) G7/2 → (4) I13/2 , (4) G5/2 → (4) I11/2 ], respectively. The TL glow curve exhibits a prominent peak (Tm ) at 180°C. The best performance of the prepared glass was found at 0.5 mol% of Nd2 O3 . We achieved a good linearity of TL response against dose between 0.5 to 4.0 Gy. The calculated value of the effective atomic number, Zeff , is 7.55 which is nearly tissue equivalent (Zeff = 7.42). These promising features demonstrate the capability of the aforementioned glass to be used as a radiation dosimeter. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Modeling of wastewater quality in an urban area during festival and rainy days

Obaid HA, Shahid S, Basim KN, Chelliapan S

Water Sci Technol, 2015;72(6):1029-42.

PMID: 26360765 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2015.297

Water pollution during festival periods is a major problem in all festival cities across the world. Reliable prediction of water pollution is essential in festival cities for sewer and wastewater management in order to ensure public health and a clean environment. This article aims to model the biological oxygen demand (BOD(5)), and total suspended solids (TSS) parameters in wastewater in the sewer networks of Karbala city center during festival and rainy days using structural equation modeling and multiple linear regression analysis methods. For this purpose, 34 years (1980-2014) of rainfall, temperature and sewer flow data during festival periods in the study area were collected, processed, and employed. The results show that the TSS concentration increases by 26-46 mg/l while BOD(5) concentration rises by 9-19 mg/l for an increase of rainfall by 1 mm during festival periods. It was also found that BOD(5) concentration rises by 4-17 mg/l for each increase of 10,000 population.

Radiographic and computed tomographic assessment of the development of the antebrachia and elbow joints in Labrador Retrievers with and without medial coronoid disease

Lau SF, Hazewinkel HA, Voorhout G

Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol, 2015;28(3):186-92.

PMID: 25804656 DOI: 10.3415/VCOT-14-09-0144

To compare the development, monitored by radiography and computed tomography, of the antebrachia and elbow joints in seven Labrador Retrievers with healthy elbow joints and in seven Labrador Retrievers that developed medial coronoid disease (MCD), in order to determine whether disturbances in the development of the antebrachia and elbow joints, between the age of six and 17 weeks may lead to medial coronoid disease.

Fulltext Ewing's sarcoma of the talus in a four-year-old child

Rasit AH, Sharaf I, Rahman HA

Med J Malaysia, 2001 Jun;56 Suppl C:86-8.

PMID: 11814259

Ewing's sarcoma is a rare malignant tumor of the foot in children. We report a case of Ewing's sarcoma of the talus in a four-year-old Chinese girl to highlight the initial difficulty in diagnosis and the clinical course of the disease. She was initially diagnosed as osteomyelitis of the talus and died eight months after presentation with pleural and spinal metastases. To the best of our knowledge, Ewing's sarcoma of the talus in a young child has never been reported in Malaysia.

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