MyMedR

Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 220 in total

Abstract:

Sort:

Magnetite carboxymethylcellulose as biological macromolecule-based absorbent for cationic dyes removal from environmental samples

Vijayasree VP, Abdul Manan NS

Int J Biol Macromol, 2023 Jul 01;242(Pt 1):124723.
PMID: 37148927 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124723

In this study, magnetite carboxymethylcellulose (CMC@Fe3O4) composite as magnetic biological molecules were synthetized for the use as adsorbent to remove four types of cationic dyes, namely Methylene Blue, Rhodamine B, Malachite Green, and Methyl Violet from aqueous solution. The characteristic of the adsorbent was achieved by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), X-ray Diffraction, Vibrating Sample Magnetometer and Thermal Gravimetric Analysis techniques. Besides, essential influencing parameters of dye adsorption; the solution pH, solution temperature, contact time, adsorbent concentration and initial dye dosage were studied. FESEM analysis showed the magnetic Fe3O4-TB, Fe3O4@SiO2, Fe3O4@SiO2-NH2 and CMC@Fe3O4 composites were in spherical shape, with average size of 43.0 nm, 92.5 nm, 134.0 nm and 207.5 nm, respectively. On the saturation magnetization (Ms), the results obtained were 55.931 emu/g, 34.557 emu/g, 33.236 emu/g and 11.884 emu/g. From the sorption modelling of Isotherms, Kinetics, and Thermodynamics, the adsorption capacity of dyes is (MB = 103.33 mg/g), (RB = 109.60 mg/g), (MG = 100.08 mg/g) and (MV = 107.78 mg/g). With all the adsorption processes exhibited as exothermic reactions. The regeneration and reusability of the synthetized biological molecules-based adsorbent was also assessed.
Fulltext Crystal structure and theoretical studies of two π-conjugated fused-ring chalcones: (E)-1-(anthra-cen-9-yl)-3-(9-ethyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)prop-2-en-1-one and (E)-1-(anthracen-9-yl)-3-[4-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)phen-yl]prop-2-en-1-one

Zainuri DA, Razak IA, Arshad S

Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun, 2018 Sep 01;74(Pt 9):1302-1308.
PMID: 30225122 DOI: 10.1107/S2056989018011131

The title chalcones, C31H23NO and C35H23NO, were synthesized via Claisen-Schmidt condensation reactions. Both structures were solved and refined using single-crystal X-ray diffraction data and optimized at the ground state using the density functional theory (DFT) method with the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level. In the crystals, π-π inter-ations and weak C-H⋯O and C-H⋯π inter-actions are observed. The effect of these inter-molecular inter-actions in the solid state can be seen by the difference between the experimental and theoretical optimized geometrical parameters. The structures have also been characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy. The smallest energy gaps of 2.86 and 2.96 eV enhance the nonlinear responses of such mol-ecular systems. Hirshfeld surface analyses and 2D (two-dimensional) fingerprint plots were used to qu-antify the inter-molecular inter-actions present in the crystal, indicating that these are the most important contribution to the crystal packing.
Fulltext Mol-ecular structure, DFT studies and UV-Vis absorption of two new linear fused ring chalcones: (E)-1-(anthracen-9-yl)-3-(2-meth-oxy-phen-yl)prop-2-en-1-one and (E)-1-(anthracen-9-yl)-3-(3-fluoro-4-meth-oxy-phen-yl)prop-2-en-1-one

Zainuri DA, Razak IA, Arshad S

Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun, 2018 Aug 01;74(Pt 8):1087-1092.
PMID: 30116568 DOI: 10.1107/S205698901800974X

The title compounds, C24H18O2 and C24H17FO2, were synthesized using the Claisen-Schmidt condensation method and characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy. Weak inter-molecular C-H⋯O, C-H⋯π and π-π hydrogen-bonding inter-actions help to stabilize the crystal structures of both compounds. The geometrical parameters obtained from the mol-ecular structure were optimized using density functional theory (DFT) calculations at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level, showing a good correlation with the experimental results. The small HOMO-LUMO energy gaps of 3.11 and 3.07 eV enhances the non-linear responses of these mol-ecular systems.
Bio-inspired magnetic chitosan/Iron oxide macromolecules for multiple anionic dyes adsorption from aqueous media

Vijayasree VP, Abdul Manan NS

Int J Biol Macromol, 2024 Oct;277(Pt 1):134103.
PMID: 39047997 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134103

Organic anionic dyes are major water pollutants due to their low degradability caused by complex aromatic structures. Not only do they exert toxic, mutagenic, teratogenic, tumorigenic, and genotoxic effects, but they also decrease fertility and cause irritation to the skin and respiratory system in humans. This long-term toxicity has detrimental effects on aquatic organisms and their surroundings, resulting in an imbalanced ecosystem. In this study, a Cs@Fe3O4 magnetic biosorbent was synthesised to uptake three anionic dyes and characterised for FTIR, BET/BJH, XRD, TGA, VSM, and FESEM analyses. The biosorbent average surface area was confirmed to be 52.6524 m2/g, with average pore sizes of 7.3606 nm and 6.9823 nm for adsorption-desorption processes, respectively. Batch adsorption studies pH values, contact times, temperature, initial dye concentrations, and adsorbent dosages were examined. Several isotherm and kinetic models were studied to determine the adsorption mechanism. The adsorption data of these dyes at equilibrium was observed to match Langmuir's isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The thermodynamic study revealed that the adsorption process for these dyes was an exothermic reaction. Maximum adsorption capacities for congo red, methyl orange, and metanil yellow were 117.77 mg/g, 137.77 mg/g, and 155.57 mg/g, respectively. The reusability of recovered Cs@Fe3O4 after dye adsorption was evaluated up to five continuous adsorption-desorption cycles for its possible industrial applications.
Case Series

Vetrayan J, Othman S, Victor Paulraj SJ

J Atten Disord, 2017 01;21(2):168-179.
PMID: 23529885 DOI: 10.1177/1087054713479665

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness and feasibility of behavioral sleep intervention for medicated children with ADHD.
METHOD: Six medicated children (five boys, one girl; aged 6-12 years) with ADHD participated in a 4-week sleep intervention program. The main behavioral strategies used were Faded Bedtime With Response Cost (FBRC) and positive reinforcement. Within a case-series design, objective measure (Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children [SDSC]) and subjective measure (sleep diaries) were used to record changes in children's sleep.
RESULTS: For all six children, significant decrease was found in the severity of children's sleep problems (based on SDSC data). Bedtime resistance and mean sleep onset latency were reduced following the 4-week intervention program according to sleep diaries data. Gains were generally maintained at the follow-up. Parents perceived the intervention as being helpful.
CONCLUSION: Based on the initial data, this intervention shows promise as an effective and feasible treatment.
Assessment of abdominal obesity using 3D body scanning technology

Suhana Japar, Thamilvaani Manaharan, Asma Ahmad Shariff, Abdul Majid Mohamed, Amir Feisal Merican Aljunid Merican

Sains Malaysiana, 2017;46:567-573.

Abdominal obesity is an important contributor for health risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolemia. Therefore, the application of a proper method is important prerequisite in performing abdominal obesity assessment. In this study, we applied 3D body scanning technology to measure waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC) and waist to hip ratio (WHR) precisely in an effort to improve the current health assessment for abdominal obesity. A total of 200 Malaysian women with sedentary lifestyle, aged between 18 and 60 years participated in this study. Paired t-test was used to determine the differences between the automated (3D body scanner) and manual measurements of WC, HC and WHR. 3D body scanner measurements show that 27% of subjects had mild abdominal obesity (80 - 90 cm) and 34.5% of subjects had severe abdominal obesity (≥90 cm) based on WC cutoff points. Based on WHR cutoff points, 57% of subjects had abdominal obesity (≥0.85) while the remaining were without abdominal obesity (<0.85). Lower percentages of abdominal obesity prevalence were reported for both WC and WHR categories using manual measurements. We also found that in normal BMI category, 8.5% of subjects have mild abdominal obesity based on automated measurements while only 5.5% of subjects were identified on manual measurements. The result of this study indicated that 3D body scanner provided better assessment method as it enables detection of abdominal obesity in more subjects based on WC and WHR categories. Public agencies are encouraged to consider the application of 3D body scanning in health assessment of abdominal obesity.
Fulltext Protective effects of palm tocotrienol against glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis via regulation of gene expressions

Elvy Suhana, M.R., Fairus, A., Norazlina, M., Mohamad Fairuz, Y., Ima Nirwana, S.

Medicine & Health, 2018;13(1):175-197.
MyJurnal

Long term glucocorticoids administration induces oxidative stress which leads to alteration of bone structure and strength. Palm oil is rich in tocotrienol, an antioxidant. It can be used for the prevention of oxidative stress related diseases. The main objective of this study was to determine the mechanism of palm tocotrienol in maintaining the bone structure and strength in glucocorticoidinduced osteoporosis. Thirty two adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 3 months, weighing 300-320 g rats were used in this study. Sixteen rats undergone adrenalectomy and were administered with 120µg/kg/day intramuscular injection of dexamethasone. Eight rats were supplemented with oral palm tocotrienol 60 mg/kg/day (Adrx+Dex+PTT) and the other eight rats were given oral vehicle palm olein 0.1 ml/kg/day (Adrx+Dex). Eight rats underwent sham procedure and were given vehicle palm olein 0.05 ml/kg/day by intramuscularly and oral 0.1 ml/kg/day (Sham). The rats were euthanized after two months of treatments. Eight rats were euthanized after acclimatic action without receiving any treatment (Baseline). The right femurs were used for bone biomechanical strength and histomorphometry analysis while the left for gene expression and oxidative stress enzymes activities. The results indicated that long-term glucocorticoid treatment significantly increased bone resorption marker, CTX (6060.7 ± 410 pg/ml) and decreased bone structure and strength. Osteoblast and osteoclast related genes expressions indicated an increase in bone turnover. Supplementation of palm tocotrienol had maintained serum resorption (2619.4 + 209 pg/ml) marker level and preserved bone structure and strength. Gene expression analysis showed decrease in bone resorption. The findings suggested that palm tocotrienol has potential benefits against glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis by regulating osteoblast and osteoclast related gene expressions.
Enhancement of thermoelectric properties of Yb0.25Co4Sb12 skutterudites through Ni substitution

Mohamed Bashir Ali Bashir, Suhana Mohd Said, Mohd Faizul Mohd Sabri, Dhafer Abdul Ameer Shnawah

Sains Malaysiana, 2018;47:181-187.

In this work, we investigate the effects of Ni doping on the thermoelectric (TE) properties of Yb0.25Co4Sb12 sample. Yb0.25Co4-xNixSb12 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) samples were prepared by mechanical alloying and subsequently consolidated by spark plasma sintering. The morphology of consolidated samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The thermoelectric properties of bulk samples were measured from room temperature to 800 K. The XRD analysis confirmed that, the successful formation of the Co4Sb12 skutterudite phase and Ni is substituted into Co site of the skutterudite crystal lattice. Moreover, the electrical resistivity decreased to 14.6 μΩm at 785 K for Yb0.25Co3.5Ni0.5Sb12 sample, due to increase of the electron concentration by Ni-addition. The absolute Seebeck coefficient reached the highest value of 223 μV/K at 592 K for Yb0.25Co3.7Ni0.3Sb12 sample, thus yielding a maximum value of power factor of 2.41 × 10-3 W/mK2 at 592 K. The highest dimensionless thermoelectric figure of merit value ZT of 0.49 at 692 K has been achieved for the Yb0.25Co3.7Ni0.3Sb12 sample, compared to ZT=0.06 for the Yb0.25Co4Sb12 sample at same temperature. This work indicates a strategy to improve the thermoelectric performance by Ni substitution of Co sites in the Yb0.25Co4Sb12 skutterudite through simultaneous improvement of its electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient and reduction of its thermal conductivity.
Fulltext Pricing warrant by using binomial model: Comparison between historical and implied volatility

Khairu Azlan Abd Aziz, Mohd Fazril Izhar Mohd Idris, Muhammad Nasruddeen Mazlan, Wan Suhana Wan Daud

Borneo Akademika, 2020;4(2):12-19.
MyJurnal

A warrant is a security that allows the holder to buy and sell the underlying share at a
fixed price until expiry date. Warrant price will always fluctuates since the underlying
share also fluctuates. Hence, determining the warrant price is the main problem
among the investors in Malaysia. This research is focusing on pricing the warrant for
five companies that were listed in Bursa Malaysia. The companies were chosen
randomly from UiTM DataStream. The selected companies were Boon Koon Sdn
Bhd, Hovid Bhd, Kelington Bhd, ML Global Bhd and Tropicana Corporation Bhd.
The data contained underlying share, interest rate, exercise price and actual warrant
price. This research aims to define the price of warrant by using Binomial model.
Historical volatility and implied volatility were used in this research whereby
volatility is the movement of the underlying share price. This research aims at
comparing the actual warrant price with the calculated warrant price. The data were
computed manually by using Microsoft Excel and the comparison was made between
the two type of volatilities to give the nearest value of calculated warrant price to the
actual warrant price. The nearest value was assumed the best value for this research.
The result was made by analyzing the line graphs and comparing between historical
volatility and implied volatility with actual warrant price. Mean Square Error was
used to support the results that were obtained from the line graphs. In the end, implied
volatility yielded better results compared to historical volatility.
Fulltext Prevalence of Anaemia in Children Treated in Kepala Batas, Penang

Suria Emilia Suhana Othman Tan, Nurul Nadiah Ishak, Narazah Mohd Yusoff

Malaysian Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2020;26(2):35-50.
MyJurnal

Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anaemia in children aged six months to fifteen years old treated in a single centre from 2008 to 2018. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted among 274 children age six months to fifteen years old, treated in Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) from 2008 to 2018. The data was obtained from computerised hospital data (CARE2X), Laboratory Information System (LIS) or medical record. Parents of the eligible participants were called for any incomplete data and verbal consents were obtained. Descriptive analysis was conducted to determine the prevalence whereas the relationship between independent variables with types of anaemia were examined using simple logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of anaemia was 22.3%. Among the anaemic children, the predominant morphology form was hypochromic microcytic anaemia (82%) followed with normochromic normocytic anaemia (18%). Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) was found to be the commonest cause (24%) of hypochromic microcytic anaemia, followed by IDA with concomitant thalassaemia (14%) and thalassaemia alone (8%). In simple logistic regression analysis, no significant association was found. Conclusions: The prevalence of anaemia was 22.3%, which is considered as moderate public health problem according to WHO. Hypochromic microcytic anaemia was the predominant red cell morphology (82%) and IDA was the commonest causes (24%).
Fulltext Spirituality and mental adjustment as coping strategies among women with breast cancer

Raja Lexshimi, R.G., Mohd Fahmi, E., Lee, S.C., Nor Suhana, H., Norhazirah, H., Sh Ezat, A.

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2014;14(1):1-9.
MyJurnal

Spirituality and mental adjustment have been widely adopted as coping strategies among women with breast cancer. Little information was available locally on the use of spirituality and mental adjustment as coping mechanisms to fight breast cancer. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess spirituality and mental adjustment as coping strategies and its association with socio demographic data on 216 women with breast cancer. The Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being (FACIT-Sp) and Mental Adjustment to Cancer (MAC) Scales were used to assess spirituality and mental adjustment. Negative correlation between spiritual well-being and helplessness/hopelessness (r=-0.690; p=0.000), anxious preoccupation (r=-0.277; p=0.000) and avoidance (r=-0.235; p=0.000) and positive correlation between spiritual well-being and fighting spirit (r=0.668; p=0.000) were identified. Socio-demographic factors such as race (p=0.000), religion (p=0.000), academic qualification (p=0.004) and type of surgery (p=0.016) revealed significant relationship with spiritual well-being. Fighting spirit, hopelessness/helplessness and anxious preoccupation also yielded significant relationship with race (p
Fulltext Low-density Lipoprotein concentration is an independent predictor for Oxidised LDL in patients with Familial Hypercholesterolaemia

Nur Suhana Hamzan, Radzi Rahmat, Hapizah Mohd Nawawi, Thuhairah Hasrah Abdul Rahman

Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2017;25(107):275-286.
MyJurnal

Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterised by severe hypercholesterolaemia leading to premature coronary artery disease (CAD). Oxidised low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), F2-isoprostanes (ISP) and malondialdehyde (MDA) are established oxidative stress biomarker, but the status of oxidative stress in FH is not well studied. The aim of this study is to investigate oxidative stress status among FH patients and normocholesterolaemic control (NC) subjects. Ninety-eight FH patients and 100 (age, gender and BMI matched) NC subjects were recruited in series of health screening programmes across the country. Fasting blood samples were analysed for serum ox-LDL, ISP and MDA. Ox-LDL, ISP and MDA concentrations were higher in FH groups compared to NC (mean±SEM: 63.0±6.5 vs 25.5±1.2 (U/l), p
Adulterated honey consumption can induce obesity, increase blood glucose level and demonstrate toxicity effects

Suhana Samat, Francis Kanyan Enchang, Abdullah Abd Razak, Wan Iryani Wan Ismail, Fuzina Nor Hussein

Sains Malaysiana, 2018;47:353-365.

The effects of adulterated honey consumption towards human health is not widely known; mainly due to lack of systematic
and scientific studies and low public awareness. In this study, short-term and long-term effects of consumption on two
brands of commercially honey are available in Malaysian market was investigated and compared to normal control (NC)
rats and rats fed with natural pineapple honey (PH) using male Sprague dawley rats. Adulteration of honey used in the
study was measured using physicochemical and antioxidant analyses and identified as adulterated honey A (FHA) and
B (FHB). No toxicity effect was found for short-term consumption (14 days with one honey consumption). However, visible
effects were observed after 16 weeks of study. Both FHA and FHB showed a significant increase (p>0.05) in cholesterol
(48.6 ± 4.8 mmol/L, 46.5 ± 3.6 mmol/L), triglycerides (26 ± 1.2 mmol/L, 24.4 ± 1.8 mmol/L) and glucose (28.4 ± 2.5
mmol/L, 25 ± 2.6 mmol/L) level respectively. In contrast, rats from NC and PH groups have lower cholesterol (26.5 ± 4.4
mmol/L, 18.94 ± 3.6 mmol/L), triglycerides (17.5 ± 1.2 mmol/L, 13.5 ± 1.5 mmol/L) and glucose (6.4 ± 1.4 mmol/L, 8.0 ±
1.5 mmol/L) level, respectively. The most critical finding was in total five rats from both fake honey groups showed early
mortality. This intensive study indicates long-term adulterated honey may harm to human health and required prompt
actions from various authorities locally and internationally to avoid other consequences in the future.
Fulltext Concomitant Anomalous branching of Facial Nerve and Double Parotid Duct: A case report

Amro Mohamed Soliman, Elvy Suhana Ramli, Srijit Das, Norzana Abd Ghafar

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2017;16(1):139-142.
MyJurnal

The facial nerve divides within the parotid gland into upper temporozygomatic and lower cervicofacial branches. The two branches further subdivide and emerge from the parotid gland as five main branches. We observed a rare anomalous branching pattern of the facial nerve along with double parotid duct on the right side of a 50-year-old male cadaver. The two parotid ducts emerged at the level of the anterior border of parotid gland then united to form one single duct thereby opened into the oral cavity. The first duct (D1) emerged from the upper one third of the anterior border of the parotid gland and traversed horizontally for 9 mm to join the second duct. Knowledge of anomalous branching pattern of facial nerve and double parotid ducts may be beneficial for maxillofacial surgeons.
Fulltext 9-Amino-acridin-10-ium 4-amino-benzo-ate dihydrate

Dhanabalan N, Thanigaimani K, Arshad S, Razak IA, Santhanaraj KJ

Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online, 2014 Jun 1;70(Pt 6):o657-8.
PMID: 24940241 DOI: 10.1107/S160053681401023X

The asymmetric unit of the title hydrated salt, C13H11N2 (+)·C7H6NO2 (-)·2H2O, consists of two independent 9-amino-acridinium cations, two 4-amino-benzoate anions and four water mol-ecules. Both 9-amino-acridinium cations are essentially planar, with maximum deviations of 0.034 (1) and 0.025 (2) Å, and are protonated at the pyridine N atoms. The 4-amino-benzoate anions are approximately planar, with dihedral angles of 9.16 (19) and 5.4 (2)° between the benzene ring and the carboxyl-ate group. In the crystal, the two independent anions are connected by N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a layer parallel to (100). The layers are connected through the cations by N-H⋯N and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The water mol-ecules, which form O-H⋯O hydrogen-bonded chains along the b-axis direction, connect the anions and the cations by O-H⋯O, N-H⋯O and C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The crystal structure also features π-π inter-actions [centroid-centroid distances = 3.6343 (9)-3.8366 (10) Å] and a C-H⋯π inter-action.
Fulltext Effects of Gelam and Acacia honey acute administration on some biochemical parameters of Sprague Dawley rats

Samat S, Nor NA, Nor Hussein F, Ismail WI

BMC Complement Altern Med, 2014;14:146.
PMID: 24885010 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-146

Since ancient times, honey has been used for medicinal purposes in many cultures; it is one of the oldest and most enduring substances used in wound management. Scientific evidence for its efficacy is widely studied, but systemic safety studies are still lacking. It is essential to study the impact of consumption of honey on the health and proper development of the consumer. Therefore, the present study was designed to observe the effects of acute administration (14 days) of Gelam honey (GH), a wild harvesting honey and Acacia honey (AH), a beekeeping honey, on male and female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats.
Fulltext Analysis of feeder bus network design and scheduling problems

Almasi MH, Mirzapour Mounes S, Koting S, Karim MR

ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:408473.
PMID: 24526890 DOI: 10.1155/2014/408473

A growing concern for public transit is its inability to shift passenger's mode from private to public transport. In order to overcome this problem, a more developed feeder bus network and matched schedules will play important roles. The present paper aims to review some of the studies performed on Feeder Bus Network Design and Scheduling Problem (FNDSP) based on three distinctive parts of the FNDSP setup, namely, problem description, problem characteristics, and solution approaches. The problems consist of different subproblems including data preparation, feeder bus network design, route generation, and feeder bus scheduling. Subsequently, descriptive analysis and classification of previous works are presented to highlight the main characteristics and solution methods. Finally, some of the issues and trends for future research are identified. This paper is targeted at dealing with the FNDSP to exhibit strategic and tactical goals and also contributes to the unification of the field which might be a useful complement to the few existing reviews.
Fulltext 2-Amino-4-methyl-pyridinium 3-hy-droxy-benzoate

Khalib NC, Thanigaimani K, Arshad S, Razak IA

Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online, 2013;69(Pt 7):o1120.
PMID: 24046675 DOI: 10.1107/S1600536813016310

In the title salt, C6H9N2 (+)·C7H5O3 (-), the anion is essentially planar, with a dihedral angle of 2.72 (17)° between the benzene ring and the carboxyl-ate group. In the crystal, the anions are connected by O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a 41 helical chain along the c axis. The protonated N atom and the 2-amino group of the cation are hydrogen bonded to the carboxyl-ate O atoms of the anion via a pair of N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds with an R 2 (2)(8) ring motif. The ion pairs are further connected via another N-H⋯O hydrogen bond, resulting in a three-dimensional network.
Fulltext 2-Amino-5-methyl-pyridinium 3-hy-droxy-pyridine-2-carboxyl-ate

Farhadikoutenaei A, Thanigaimani K, Arshad S, Razak IA

Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online, 2013;69(Pt 7):o1118-9.
PMID: 24046674 DOI: 10.1107/S1600536813016322

In the 3-hy-droxy-picolinate anion of the title salt, C6H9N2 (+)·C6H4NO3 (-), an intra-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bond with an S(6) graph-set motif is formed, so that the anion is essentially planar, with a dihedral angle of 9.55 (9)° between the pyridine ring and the carboxyl-ate group. In the crystal, the cations and anions are linked via N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a centrosymmetric 2 + 2 aggregate with R 2 (2)(8) and R 4 (2)(8) ring motifs. The crystal structure also features N-H⋯N and weak C-H⋯π inter-actions.
Fulltext 6-(4-Methyl-phen-yl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-di-amine-4-methyl-benzoic acid (1/1)

Thanigaimani K, Arshad S, Razak IA, Makeshvaran D, Balasubramani K

Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online, 2013 Jun 1;69(Pt 6):o970.
PMID: 23795126 DOI: 10.1107/S1600536813013895

The 4-methyl-benzoic acid mol-ecule of the title adduct, C10H11N5·C8H8O2, is approximately planar with a dihedral angle of 6.3 (2)° between the carb-oxy-lic acid group and the benzene ring. In the triazine mol-ecule, the plane of the triazine ring makes a dihedral angle of 29.2 (2)° with that of the adjacent benzene ring. In the crystal, the acid and base mol-ecules are linked via N-H⋯O and O-H⋯N hydrogen bonds with an R 2 (2)(8) motif, and the acid-base pairs are further connected via N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds with R 2 (2)(8) motifs, forming a supra-molecular ribbon along [101]. Between the tapes, a weak C-H⋯π inter-action is observed.

Filters

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links