MyMedR

Congenital arhinia - First published case in Malaysia

Ng RL, Rajapathy K, Ishak Z

Med J Malaysia, 2017 10;72(5):308-310.

PMID: 29197888 MyJurnal

Congenital arhinia is one of the rare craniofacial malformation that may cause severe respiratory distress at birth due to upper airway obstruction. Our patient, whose abnormalities were only detected after delivery in our centre, is the first reported case of congenital arhinia in Malaysia. Contrary to popular belief that neonates are obligate nasal breather, our patient adapted well to breathing through mouth before an elective tracheostomy was performed on day four of life.

Matched MeSH terms: Nose/abnormalities*; Nose/physiopathology

The spectrum of nasal involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus and its association with the disease activity

Kusyairi KA, Gendeh BS, Sakthiswary R, Shaharir SS, Haizlene AH, Yusof KH

Lupus, 2016 Apr;25(5):520-4.

PMID: 26657735 DOI: 10.1177/0961203315622279

The purpose of this study was to determine the spectrum of nasal involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and its association with the disease activity of SLE based on the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI). This was a cross-sectional and observational study involving 73 stable SLE patients. All subjects were evaluated for the SLEDAI scores and had nasal endoscopic examination. The most commonly reported symptom was nasal congestion (31.5%) followed by nasal itchiness (26.0%), runny nose (20.5%) and nasal dryness (19.2%). Almost half (42.9%) of the subjects had nasal mucosal abnormalities, which included mucositis, crusting, ulceration, bifid middle turbinate, septal spur, Jacobson's organ, deviated nasal septum, bilateral inferior turbinate hypertrophy, everted uncinate process, nasopharynx cleft and torus palatinus. The median SLEDAI score for subjects with nasal symptoms was significantly higher than subjects without nasal symptoms (p

Matched MeSH terms: Nose*

Fulltext Ear foreign body: tackling the uncommons

Irfan M

Med J Malaysia, 2012 Jun;67(3):352.

PMID: 23082438

Matched MeSH terms: Nose*

Fulltext CT findings of congenital neonatal pyriform aperture stenosis

Sidek HAB, Teh YG, Tangaperumal A, Zaki FM, Kew TY

Oxf Med Case Reports, 2021 May;2021(5):omab018.

PMID: 34055355 DOI: 10.1093/omcr/omab018

Congenital neonatal pyriform aperture stenosis (CNPAS) is a rare but potentially lethal condition that causes respiratory distress. The characteristic narrowing of the pyriform aperture along with other associated craniofacial dysmorphism is diagnosed using cross-sectional imaging such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging. CT scan is the imaging of choice for confirming and characterizing CNPAS. Infants are obligate nasal breathers in the first 5 months of life. Hence, a high degree of clinical suspicion, prompt imaging diagnosis and adequate respiratory support is critical to help reduce the morbidity of this condition.

Matched MeSH terms: Nose; Nose Diseases

Skull Base Primary Ewing Sarcoma: A Radiological Experience of a Rare Disease in an Atypical Location

Saifuddin MSAH, Ng CY, Abdullah MS

Am J Case Rep, 2021 Jun 05;22:e930384.

PMID: 34089579 DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.930384

BACKGROUND Ewing sarcoma and primitive neuroectodermal tumor are rare tumors grouped under the spectrum of the Ewing sarcoma family of tumors. These highly malignant tumors involve the bones and commonly occur in children. Ewing sarcoma of the skull bone accounts for only 1% of all Ewing sarcomas, with primary skull base Ewing sarcoma occurring in less than 1% of cases. We present a case of skull base Ewing sarcoma with complete symptom recovery and near-total radiological resolution. CASE REPORT A 4-year-old girl initially presented with a 2-month history of vomiting, poor oral intake, weight loss, and gradual visual deterioration followed by acute symptoms of fever, breathing difficulties, and seizure. Initial computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain displayed a large sinonasal mass with extensive regional infiltration and bony destruction and no evidence of distant metastasis. A transnasal biopsy was taken. The histopathology result revealed features of skull base Ewing sarcoma. The child was given a combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, to which she responded well, with a minimal residual tumor. CONCLUSIONS Skull base Ewing sarcoma is a rare entity, presenting a challenge to the reporting radiologists. Differential diagnoses of esthesioneuroblastoma, olfactory neuroepithelioma, and, more commonly, sinonasal carcinoma can be misleading since they have similar radiological appearances to skull base Ewing sarcoma, which differs in treatment regimen and prognosis. Therefore, a combination of histopathological appearance, radiographic findings, and clinical correlation is important to determine the correct diagnosis, establish the appropriate treatment regime, and improve the patient's survival.

Matched MeSH terms: Nose Neoplasms*

Fulltext Masked rhinolith: The significance of unilateral symptom

Mohamad I, Arul Arumugam P

Malays Fam Physician, 2013;8(1):42-4.

PMID: 25606268 MyJurnal

This is a case report of an 11-year old child who was suffering from rhinorrhoea for five years. As there was no history of foreign body insertion into the nose, the diagnosis of a nasal problem was not suspected. Furthermore, the initial presentation of unilateral rhinorrhoea (nasal discharge) masked the suspicion of other pathologies. The child was treated for allergic rhinitis until she presented herself to our attention whereby a rhinoscopy was performed, showing a rhinolith.

Matched MeSH terms: Nose; Nose Diseases

Orbital resection by intranasal technique (ORBIT): A new classification system for reporting endoscopically resectable primary benign orbital tumors

Jafari A, Adappa ND, Anagnos VJ, Campbell RG, Castelnuovo P, Chalian A, et al.

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol, 2023 Oct;13(10):1852-1863.

PMID: 36808854 DOI: 10.1002/alr.23141

BACKGROUND: The Cavernous Hemangioma Exclusively Endonasal Resection (CHEER) staging system has become the gold standard for outcomes reporting in endoscopic orbital surgery for orbital cavernous hemangiomas (OCHs). A recent systematic review demonstrated similar outcomes between OCHs and other primary benign orbital tumors (PBOTs). Therefore, we hypothesized that a simplified and more comprehensive classification system could be developed to predict surgical outcomes of other PBOTs.

METHODS: Patient and tumor characteristics as well as surgical outcomes from 11 international centers were recorded. All tumors were retrospectively assigned an Orbital Resection by Intranasal Technique (ORBIT) class and stratified based on surgical approach as either exclusively endoscopic or combined (endoscopic and open). Outcomes based on approach were compared using chi-squared or Fisher's exact tests. The Cochrane-Armitage test for trend was used to analyze outcomes by class.

RESULTS: Findings from 110 PBOTs from 110 patients (age 49.0 ± 15.0 years, 51.9% female) were included in the analysis. Higher ORBIT class was associated with a lower likelihood of gross total resection (GTR). GTR was more likely to be achieved when an exclusively endoscopic approach was utilized (p

Matched MeSH terms: Nose/surgery

Nasal vestibule schwannoma: report of a rare case

Fadzilah I, Salina H, Khairuzzana B, Rahmat O, Primuharsa Putra SH

Ear Nose Throat J, 2014 Jun;93(6):E33-5.

PMID: 24932827

Schwannomas of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses are quite rare, especially in the nasal vestibule. We report the case of a 61-year-old woman who presented with a 2-month history of progressively worsening right-sided epistaxis and nasal blockage. Rigid nasoendoscopy showed a mobile, smooth, globular mass occupying the right nasal vestibule. The mass arose from the lateral nasal wall and impinged on the anterior part of the middle turbinate posteriorly. Computed tomography of the paranasal sinuses showed a 3.8 × 1.7-cm enhancing mass in the right nostril. The mass obliterated the nasal cavity and caused mild deviation of the septum. The preoperative histopathologic examination showed positivity for vimentin and S-100 protein, suggesting a diagnosis of schwannoma. The patient underwent an intranasal laser-assisted excision biopsy. The histopathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of schwannoma. Postoperative recovery was uneventful, and no recurrence was seen in the follow-up period.

Matched MeSH terms: Nose Neoplasms/complications; Nose Neoplasms/diagnosis*; Nose Neoplasms/surgery

Fulltext Nasal septal abscess with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus: case reports

Dinesh R, Avatar S, Haron A, Suhana, Azwarizan

Med J Malaysia, 2011 Aug;66(3):253-4.

PMID: 22111451

Nasal septum abscesses caused by uncontrolled diabetes mellitus are rare. We report 3 cases. Very few cases have been published concerning non-traumatic nasal septum abscesses. The development of the condition, possible complications, and treatment are discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Nose Diseases/diagnosis; Nose Diseases/etiology*; Nose Diseases/therapy

Fulltext Endoscopic resection of primary nasoseptal chondrosarcoma

Jenny L, Harvinder S, Gurdeep S

Med J Malaysia, 2008 Oct;63(4):335-6.

PMID: 19385498 MyJurnal

Chondrosarcoma of the nasal septum is an extremely rare malignant tumor. It accounts for only 10% to 20% of primary bone tumors, with approximately 10% found in the head and neck. A case is presented here to illustrate its presentation, evaluation and surgical treatment.

Matched MeSH terms: Nose Neoplasms/pathology; Nose Neoplasms/radiography; Nose Neoplasms/surgery*

Isolated extramedullary plasmacytoma of the middle turbinate

Shahrizal TA, Prepageran N, Rahmat O, Mun KS, Looi LM

Ear Nose Throat J, 2009 Feb;88(2):786-9.

PMID: 19224479

Extramedullary plasmacytoma is a rare plasma cell proliferative disorder with a predilection for the head and neck region. Occasionally, it presents as a solitary lesion in the nasal cavity. We report a case of an isolated lesion in the middle turbinate of the right nasal cavity. The lesion was completely excised via an endoscopic approach. We also review the pathology and management of plasmacytomas in general.

Matched MeSH terms: Nose Neoplasms/diagnosis*; Nose Neoplasms/pathology; Nose Neoplasms/surgery

Fulltext Challenges in the treatment of sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma: a ray of hope

Norleza AN, Gendeh BS

Med J Malaysia, 2005 Aug;60(3):281-5.

PMID: 16379180 MyJurnal

We studied nine cases of SNUCs presented to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital University Kebangsaan Malaysia from 1999 to 2003. There were 8 males and 1 female with ages ranging from 24 to 78 years (mean 46.5y). The racial distribution consisted of 5 Chinese (55.5%), 3 Malays (33.3%) and 1 Indian (11.1%). Three patients were Kadish B (33.3%) and six were Kadish C (66.6%) by classification. In our series 2 years survival was 26.3% and median survival time was 14.2 months.

Matched MeSH terms: Nose Neoplasms/mortality; Nose Neoplasms/pathology; Nose Neoplasms/surgery*

Fulltext Pendekatan neo-realisem dalam filem alternative nasi lemak 2.0

Mohd Hanafi Jumrah, Haryati Abdul Karim

Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2019;4(6):126-138.

MyJurnal

Filem-filem alternatif bukan hanya sekadar cerita, tetapi terdapat mesej dan idea yang tersirat yang wujud sebagai wadah media menyampaikan sesuatu ideologi. Idea yang dilontarkan melalui filem alternatif lebih bersifat kritikal dalam memaparkan realiti hubungan etnik di Malaysia. Kajian ini memfokuskan kepada resepsi audiens remaja terhadap filem alternatif Malaysia yang mana tumpuan adalah kepada pendekatan neo-realisme yang wujud dalam penafsiran mesej di antara informan dengan teks filem alternatif Nasi Lemak 2.0 (NL 2.0). Kajian ini juga melihat adakah wujud pendekatan neorealisem dalam penafsiran mesej di antara informan dengan teks filem? Kajian ini menggunakan dua kaedah analisis iaitu analisis tekstual dan analisis tematik dalam mencari pendekatan neo-realisem yang wujud dalam filem NL 2.0 ini. Kajian ini terdiri daripada 56 orang pelajar iaitu 28 orang pelajar lelaki dan 28 pelajar perempuan dari pelbagai etnik. Neo-realisme adalah gambaran awal tentang sesuatu perkara sebenar (terutamanya aspek kehidupan) dan tidak bersifat khayalan (Bazin Andre diterjemah oleh Gray Hugh, 1972). Pendekatan neo-realisme yang dipaparkan oleh Namewee dalam filem ini sangat jelas melalui representasi kepelbagaian kebudayaan etnik di Malaysia. Pendekatan neo-realisme ini membawa kepada cerminan realiti kehidupan masyarakat kepelbagaian etnik di Malaysia pada masa kini yang mana informan mengaitkan naskah filem alternatif ini dengan kehidupan seharian. Selain itu juga, kajian ini melihat pendekatan neo-realisme membentuk sosiobudaya kepelbagaian etnik dalam naskah filem dan realiti sebenar informan. Penghasilan filem ini cuba memaparkan masyarakat Malaysia yang pelbagai etnik secara semulajadi dan jelaslah menunjukkan bahawa filem alternatif sebagai wadah penyampaian ideologi yang membentuk penyatuan dalam kalangan masyarakat Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Nose

Fulltext Nasopharyngeal hairy polyp as a rare cause of neonatal respiratory distress: a case report

Hasme Zam, H., Hazama, M., Suzina, S.A.H., Nik Fariza Husna, N.H., Irfan, M.

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2013;9(2):81-84.

MyJurnal

Hairy polyps are rare developmental malformations. They are benign lesions presented as a pedunculated mass that may arise from the naso-oropharyngeal region. Larger mass can cause upper respiratory obstruction causing respiratory distress or feeding difficulty, while smaller mass will present as intermittent respiratory distress due to a ball-valve type of obstruction. They are commonly seen in female, with ratio of 6:1 and majority of the cases occur in the infantile period. We are reporting a case of hairy polyp in a female infant that causing intermittent respiratory distress.

Matched MeSH terms: Nose

Nasalance scores of malay (Kelantan dialect) in children with and without palatal cleft

Norsila Abdul Wahab, Jamilah Jamaluddin, Vandort, Sandra, Samsudin, Ab Rani

Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2013;8(1):27-33.

MyJurnal

This study was designed to obtain and compare the nasalance scores produced by normal Malay
children and those with repaired palatal cleft. Data from 103 noncleft children and 27 children with repaired clefts were included. All children were of Malay origin with the Malay language (Kelantan dialect) as their first language.Two short and simple test stimuli were constructed in the Malay language;one resembled the Nasal Sentences and the other resembled the Zoo Passage (oral passage) used in nasometer testing. Nasalance scores were obtained with the Nasometer II model 6400 by Kay Elemetrics. Calibration of the nasometer and collection of data followed the recommended protocol outlined in the manual. Nasalance scores for the Oral Passage was significantly higher (p< 0.001) for the children with repaired palatal clefts when compared to scores for children without clefts. However, no differences in nasalance scores were detected between both groups for the Nasal Passage. The normative nasalance scores for Malay children with Kelantan dialect was established, which can be used as an objective reference in the management of Malay patients with resonance disorders.

Matched MeSH terms: Nose

Fulltext Transnasal endoscopic medial maxillectomy: Changing trend in the management of sinonasal inverted papilloma – report of two Case

Zamzil Amin Ashaari, Shamim Ahmed Khan

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2007;6(1):1-7.

MyJurnal

The current advents of endoscopic techniques have enabled rhinologists to treat inverted papilloma of the nose with a more favourable surgical morbidity. However the supposed changing trend in surgical management of sinonasal inverted papilloma from external approach to endoscopic technique has to come with caution as certain guidelines must be made to ensure its effectiveness. Since the introduction of purely transnasal endoscopic medial maxillectomy in 1981, many authors have published their experiences in this field. This article reviews some of the literatures regarding the management aspect of inverted papilloma particularly focusing on the endoscopic medial maxillectomy and relate with our own experience in management of this tumour endoscopically.

Matched MeSH terms: Nose

Fulltext Forced convection boundary layer flow over a moving thin needle

Arifin, N.M., Pop, I., Nazar, R., Ahmad, S.

ASM Science Journal, 2010;4(2):149-157.

MyJurnal

In this paper, the problem of steady laminar boundary layer flow of an incompressible viscous fluid over a moving thin needle is considered. The governing boundary layer equations were first transformed into non-dimensional forms. These non-dimensional equations were then transformed into similarity equations using the similarity variables, which were solved numerically using an implicit finite-difference scheme known as the Keller-box method. The solutions were obtained for a blunt-nosed needle. Numerical computations were carried out for various values of the dimensionless parameters of the problem which included the Prandtl number Pr and the parameter a representing the needle size. It was found that the heat transfer characteristics were significantly
influenced by these parameters. However, the Prandtl number had no effect on the flow characteristics due to the decoupled boundary layer equations.

Matched MeSH terms: Nose

Fulltext Rapid Detection of Fraudulent Rice Using Low-Cost Digital Sensing Devices and Machine Learning

Aznan A, Gonzalez Viejo C, Pang A, Fuentes S

Sensors (Basel), 2022 Nov 09;22(22).

PMID: 36433249 DOI: 10.3390/s22228655

Rice fraud is one of the common threats to the rice industry. Conventional methods to detect rice adulteration are costly, time-consuming, and tedious. This study proposes the quantitative prediction of rice adulteration levels measured through the packaging using a handheld near-infrared (NIR) spectrometer and electronic nose (e-nose) sensors measuring directly on samples and paired with machine learning (ML) algorithms. For these purposes, the samples were prepared by mixing rice at different ratios from 0% to 100% with a 10% increment based on the rice's weight, consisting of (i) rice from different origins, (ii) premium with regular rice, (iii) aromatic with non-aromatic, and (iv) organic with non-organic rice. Multivariate data analysis was used to explore the sample distribution and its relationship with the e-nose sensors for parameter engineering before ML modeling. Artificial neural network (ANN) algorithms were used to predict the adulteration levels of the rice samples using the e-nose sensors and NIR absorbances readings as inputs. Results showed that both sensing devices could detect rice adulteration at different mixing ratios with high correlation coefficients through direct (e-nose; R = 0.94-0.98) and non-invasive measurement through the packaging (NIR; R = 0.95-0.98). The proposed method uses low-cost, rapid, and portable sensing devices coupled with ML that have shown to be reliable and accurate to increase the efficiency of rice fraud detection through the rice production chain.

Matched MeSH terms: Electronic Nose

Fulltext Traumatic septal swelling

Tuang GJ, Saniasiaya J

BMJ Case Rep, 2021 Feb 09;14(2).

PMID: 33563681 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-241172

Matched MeSH terms: Nose

Intermittent unilateral neck bulge on Valsalva manoeuvre in an adolescent

Saniasiaya J

BMJ Case Rep, 2023 Dec 28;16(12).

PMID: 38154861 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2023-255231

Matched MeSH terms: Nose