Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 46 in total

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  1. A new symmetrical tetramer oligostilbenoid containing tetrahydrofuran ring from the stem bark of Dryobalanops lanceolata
    Ahmat N, Wibowo A, Mohamad SA, Low AL, Sufian AS, Yusof MI, et al.
    J Asian Nat Prod Res, 2014;16(11):1099-107.
    PMID: 25034352 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2014.938059
    A new tetramer oligostilbenoid possessing tetrahydrofuran ring, malaysianol C (1), was isolated from the acetone extract of the stem bark of Dryobalanops lanceolata, together with four known oligostilbenoids nepalensinol E (2), ϵ-viniferin (3), laevifonol (4), and ampelopsin F (5). The structures of isolated compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectral evidence. The antibacterial activity of the isolated compounds was evaluated using resazurin microtitre-plate assay, whereas the cytotoxic activity was tested using MTT assay. The plausible biogenetic routes of the isolated compounds are also discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stilbenes/isolation & purification*; Stilbenes/pharmacology; Stilbenes/chemistry
  2. Gneyulins A and B, stilbene trimers, and noidesols A and B, dihydroflavonol-C-glucosides, from the bark of Gnetum gnemonoides
    Shimokawa Y, Akao Y, Hirasawa Y, Awang K, Hadi AH, Sato S, et al.
    J Nat Prod, 2010 Apr 23;73(4):763-7.
    PMID: 20192242 DOI: 10.1021/np9007987
    Gneyulins A (1) and B (2), two new stilbene trimers consisting of oxyresveratrol constituent units, and noidesols A (3) and B (4), two new dihydroflavonol-C-glucosides, were isolated from the bark of Gnetum gnemonoides. The structures and configurations of 1-4 were elucidated on the basis of 2D NMR correlations and X-ray analysis. Gneyulins A (1) and B (2) showed inhibition of Na(+)-glucose transporters (SGLT-1 and SGLT-2).
    Matched MeSH terms: Stilbenes/isolation & purification*; Stilbenes/pharmacology; Stilbenes/chemistry
  3. Transformations of Ferric Chloride-Generated Stilbene Cation Radicals. The Effect of Aromatic Substitution and a Comparison with Anodic Oxidation
    Hong FJ, Chong KW, Low YY, Thomas NF, Kam TS
    Chem Asian J, 2015 Oct;10(10):2207-20.
    PMID: 26097065 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201500488
    A systematic study on the FeCl3-induced oxidation of 1,2-diarylalkenes was carried out with the focus on the variation of product type as a function of aromatic substitution, as well as to compare the reactivity of stilbene cation radicals generated via Fe(III) oxidation with those generated by anodic oxidation. The aromatic substituents were found to fall into three main categories, namely those that give rise to tetralins and/or dehydrotetralins, those that give products possessing pallidol and ampelopsin F-type carbon skeletons, and last, those that give rise to trimeric products, indanes, and dehydrotetralins/tetralins. The latter are those stilbenes with a para-methoxy substituent in one ring and a para- or meta-EWG (CF3, NO2, Cl, F) in the other, and represent the most prominent departure when compared with the behavior of the same stilbenes under the conditions of anodic oxidation. Reaction pathways to rationalize the formation of the different products are presented.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stilbenes
  4. Malaysianol A, a new trimer resveratrol oligomer from the stem bark of Dryobalanops aromatica
    Wibowo A, Ahmat N, Hamzah AS, Sufian AS, Ismail NH, Ahmad R, et al.
    Fitoterapia, 2011 Jun;82(4):676-81.
    PMID: 21338657 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2011.02.006
    A new resveratrol trimer, malaysianol A (1), five known resveratrol oligomers: laevifonol (2), ampelopsin E (3), α-viniferin (4), ε-viniferin (5), diptoindonesin A (6), and bergenin (7) have been isolated from the acetone extract of the stem bark of Dryobalanops aromatica by combination of vacuum and radial chromatography techniques. Their structures were established on the basis of their spectroscopic evidence and comparison with the published data. The cytotoxic activity of the compounds was tested against several cell lines in which compound 4 was found to inhibit strongly the growth of HL-60 cell line.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stilbenes/chemistry
  5. Fulltext Cyclization vs. cyclization/dimerization in o-amidostilbene radical cation cascade reactions: the amide question
    Kee CH, Ariffin A, Awang K, Noorbatcha I, Takeya K, Morita H, et al.
    Molecules, 2011 Aug 25;16(9):7267-87.
    PMID: 21869754 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16097267
    The n-butyramido, isobutyramido, benzamido, and furancarboxamido functions profoundly modulate the electronics of the stilbene olefinic and NH groups and the corresponding radical cations in ways that influence the efficiency of the cyclization due presumably to conformational and stereoelectronic factors. For example, isobutyramido- stilbene undergoes FeCl(3) promoted cyclization to produce only indoline, while n-butyramidostilbene, under the same conditions, produces both indoline and bisindoline.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stilbenes/chemistry*
  6. Fulltext Cytoprotective effects of (E)-N-(2-(3, 5-dimethoxystyryl) phenyl) furan-2-carboxamide (BK3C231) against 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide-induced damage in CCD-18Co human colon fibroblast cells
    Tan HH, Thomas NF, Inayat-Hussain SH, Chan KM
    PLoS One, 2020;15(5):e0223344.
    PMID: 32365104 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223344
    Stilbenes are a group of chemicals characterized with the presence of 1,2-diphenylethylene. Previously, our group has demonstrated that synthesized (E)-N-(2-(3, 5-dimethoxystyryl) phenyl) furan-2-carboxamide (BK3C231) possesses potential chemopreventive activity specifically inducing NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) protein expression and activity. In this study, the cytoprotective effects of BK3C231 on cellular DNA and mitochondria were investigated in normal human colon fibroblast, CCD-18Co cells. The cells were pretreated with BK3C231 prior to exposure to the carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO). BK3C231 was able to inhibit 4NQO-induced cytotoxicity. Cells treated with 4NQO alone caused high level of DNA and mitochondrial damages. However, pretreatment with BK3C231 protected against these damages by reducing DNA strand breaks and micronucleus formation as well as decreasing losses of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and cardiolipin. Interestingly, our study has demonstrated that nitrosative stress instead of oxidative stress was involved in 4NQO-induced DNA and mitochondrial damages. Inhibition of 4NQO-induced nitrosative stress by BK3C231 was observed through a decrease in nitric oxide (NO) level and an increase in glutathione (GSH) level. These new findings elucidate the cytoprotective potential of BK3C231 in human colon fibroblast CCD-18Co cell model which warrants further investigation into its chemopreventive role.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stilbenes/pharmacology*; Stilbenes/chemistry
  7. Potent microbial and tyrosinase inhibitors from stem bark of Bauhinia rufescens (Fabaceae)
    Muhammad A, Sirat HM
    Nat Prod Commun, 2013 Oct;8(10):1435-7.
    PMID: 24354195
    The stem bark extracts of Bauhinia rufescens Lam. (Fabaceae) yielded 6-methoxy-7-methyl-8-hydroxydibenz[b,f]oxepin, alpha-amyrin acetate, beta-sitosterol 3-O-beta-D-xylopyranoside, 4-(2'-Hydroxyphenethyl)-5-methoxy-2-methylphenol, menisdaurin and sequoyitol. Their structures were determined using spectroscopic methods and comparisons with the literature data. For the antimicrobial assay Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial and fungal strains were tested, while the tyrosinase inhibition assay utilized L-DOPA as a substrate for the tyrosinase enzyme. 6-Methoxy-7-methyl-8-hydroxydibenz[b,f]oxepin, a-amyrin acetate, beta-sitosterol 3-O-D-xylopyranoside, menisdaurin and sequoyitol showed weak to moderate activities with minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) values in the range of 112.5-900 microg/mL against all bacterial strains, while the MIC values for the fungal strains were in the range of 28.1-450 microg/mL. In the tyrosinase inhibition assay, a-amyrin acetate was found to be moderately active against tyrosinase with an inhibition of 62% at 0.1 mg/mL. This activity was lower than that of the positive control, kojic acid (85%).
    Matched MeSH terms: Stilbenes/isolation & purification*; Stilbenes/chemistry
  8. The protective mechanisms of polydatin in cerebral ischemia
    Tang KS, Tan JS
    Eur J Pharmacol, 2019 Jan 05;842:133-138.
    PMID: 30385347 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.10.039
    The prevalence of stroke is high in both developing and developed nations. It causes a heavy social and financial burden to the sufferers and their caregivers. Thrombolytic therapy is the only pharmacological treatment available for stroke. However, thrombolytic agents do not provide substantial improvement on long term motor and cognitive disabilities. Thus, there is a need to explore for new compounds that can halt or reverse the deterioration of neurons in the stroke patients' brain. Polydatin, a precursor of resveratrol, is a natural stilbene commonly found in food. This review article describes how different parameters were altered with ischemic injury and polydatin treatment, why it is important and how it could be beneficial or useful in future studies. Our review of polydatin provides convincing evidence regarding the potential of polydatin to be developed into preventive or therapeutic products for ischemic stroke. Nevertheless, additional studies are necessary in order to properly elucidate the biological mechanisms of polydatin, especially its molecular mechanisms of protection and target proteins, in cerebral ischemia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stilbenes
  9. Isorhapontigenin, a resveratrol analogue selectively inhibits ADP-stimulated platelet activation
    Ravishankar D, Albadawi DAI, Chaggar V, Patra PH, Williams HF, Salamah M, et al.
    Eur J Pharmacol, 2019 Nov 05;862:172627.
    PMID: 31461638 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172627
    Isorhapontigenin is a polyphenolic compound found in Chinese herbs and grapes. It is a methoxylated analogue of a stilbenoid, resveratrol, which is well-known for its various beneficial effects including anti-platelet activity. Isorhapontigenin possesses greater oral bioavailability than resveratrol and has also been identified to possess anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its effects on platelet function have not been reported previously. In this study, we report the effects of isorhapontigenin on the modulation of platelet function. Isorhapontigenin was found to selectively inhibit ADP-induced platelet aggregation with an IC50 of 1.85 μM although it displayed marginal inhibition on platelet aggregation induced by other platelet agonists at 100 μM. However, resveratrol exhibited weaker inhibition on ADP-induced platelet aggregation (IC50 > 100 μM) but inhibited collagen induced platelet aggregation at 50 μM and 100 μM. Isorhapontigenin also inhibited integrin αIIbβ3 mediated inside-out and outside-in signalling and dense granule secretion in ADP-induced platelet activation but interestingly, no effect was observed on α-granule secretion. Isorhapontigenin did not exert any cytotoxicity on platelets at the concentrations of up to 100 μM. Furthermore, it did not affect haemostasis in mice at the IC50 concentration (1.85 μM). In addition, the mechanistic studies demonstrated that isorhapontigenin increased cAMP levels and VASP phosphorylation at Ser157 and decreased Akt phosphorylation. This suggests that isorhapontigenin may interfere with cAMP and PI3K signalling pathways that are associated with the P2Y12 receptor. Molecular docking studies emphasised that isorhapontigenin has greater binding affinity to P2Y12 receptor than resveratrol. Our results demonstrate that isorhapontigenin has selective inhibitory effects on ADP-stimulated platelet activation possibly via P2Y12 receptor.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stilbenes/pharmacology*; Stilbenes/therapeutic use; Stilbenes/chemistry
  10. Fulltext Data on synthesis and characterization of new p-nitro stilbene Schiff bases derivatives as an electrochemical DNA potential spacer
    Mohd Izham NZ, Yusoff HM, Ul Haq Bhat I, Endo T, Fukumura H, Kwon E, et al.
    Data Brief, 2020 Jun;30:105568.
    PMID: 32368595 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.105568
    The structural investigation of synthesized compounds can be carried out by various spectroscopic techniques. It is an important prospect in order to elucidate the structure of the desired products before being further utilized. The preparation of new p-nitro stilbene Schiff base derivatives as an electrochemical DNA potential spacer was synthesized using (E)-4-(4-nitrostyryl)aniline from Heck reaction with aldehydes in ethanolic solution. The data presented here in this article contains FTIR, UV-Vis and 1H and 13C NMR of (E)-4-(4-nitrostyryl)aniline and nitrostyryl aniline derivatives.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stilbenes
  11. Molecular Characterization of a Geranyl Diphosphate-Specific Prenyltransferase Catalyzing Stilbenoid Prenylation from Morus alba
    Zhong Z, Zhu W, Liu S, Guan Q, Chen X, Huang W, et al.
    Plant Cell Physiol, 2018 Nov 01;59(11):2214-2227.
    PMID: 30020500 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcy138
    Pharmaceutically active compounds from medical plants are attractive as a major source for new drug development. Prenylated stilbenoids with increased lipophilicity are valuable secondary metabolites which possess a wide range of biological activities. So far, many prenylated stilbenoids have been isolated from Morus alba but the enzyme responsible for the crucial prenyl modification remains unknown. In the present study, a stilbenoid-specific prenyltransferase (PT), termed Morus alba oxyresveratrol geranyltransferase (MaOGT), was identified and functionally characterized in vitro. MaOGT recognized oxyresveratrol and geranyl diphosphate (GPP) as natural substrates, and catalyzed oxyresveratrol prenylation. Our results indicated that MaOGT shared common features with other aromatic PTs, e.g. multiple transmembrane regions, conserved functional domains and targeting to plant plastids. This distinct PT represents the first stilbenoid-specific PT accepting GPP as a natural prenyl donor, and could help identify additional functionally varied PTs in moraceous plants. Furthermore, MaOGT might be applied for high-efficiency and large-scale prenylation of oxyresveratrol to produce bioactive compounds for potential therapeutic applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stilbenes/metabolism*
  12. Potential chemoprevention activity of pterostilbene by enhancing the detoxifying enzymes in the HT-29 cell line
    Harun Z, Ghazali AR
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2012;13(12):6403-7.
    PMID: 23464466
    Detoxifying enzymes are present in most epithelial cells of the human gastrointestinal tract where they protect against xenobiotics which may cause cancer. Induction of examples such as glutathione S-transferase (GST) and its thiol conjugate, glutathione (GSH) as well as NAD(P)H: quinoneoxidoreductase (NQO1) facilitate the excretion of carcinogens and thus preventing colon carcinogenesis. Pterostilbene, an analogue of resveratrol, has demonstrated numerous pharmacological activities linked with chemoprevention. This study was conducted to investigate the potential of pterostilbene as a chemopreventive agent using the HT-29 colon cancer cell line to study the modulation of GST and NQO1 activities as well as the GSH level. Initially, our group, established the optimum dose of 24 hours pterostilbene treatment using MTT assays. Then, effects of pterostilbene (0-50 μM) on GST and NQO1 activity and GSH levels were determined using GST, NQO1 and Ellman assays, respectively. MTT assay of pterostilbene (0-100 μM) showed no cytotoxicity toward the HT-29 cell line. Treatment increased GST activity in the cell line significantly (p<0.05) at 12.5 and 25.0 μM. In addition, treatment at 50 μM increased the GSH level significantly (p<0.05). Pterostilbene also enhanced NQO1 activity significantly (p<0.05) at 12.5 μM and 50 μM. Hence, pterostilbene is a potential chemopreventive agent capable of modulation of detoxifiying enzyme levels in HT-29 cells.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stilbenes/pharmacology*
  13. Fulltext Bacteriostatic antimicrobial combination: antagonistic interaction between epsilon-viniferin and vancomycin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
    Basri DF, Xian LW, Abdul Shukor NI, Latip J
    Biomed Res Int, 2014;2014:461756.
    PMID: 24783205 DOI: 10.1155/2014/461756
    Stilbenoids have been considered as an alternative phytotherapeutic treatment against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. The combined effect of ε-viniferin and johorenol A with the standard antibiotics, vancomycin and linezolid, was assessed against MRSA ATCC 33591 and HUKM clinical isolate. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of the individual tested compounds and the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) value of the combined agents were, respectively, determined using microbroth dilution test and microdilution checkerboard (MDC) method. Only synergistic outcome from checkerboard test will be substantiated for its rate of bacterial killing using time-kill assay. The MIC value of ε -viniferin against ATCC 33591 and johorenol A against both strains was 0.05 mg/mL whereas HUKM strain was susceptible to 0.1 mg/mL of ε-viniferin. MDC study showed that only combination between ε-viniferin and vancomycin was synergistic against ATCC 33591 (FICI 0.25) and HUKM (FICI 0.19). All the other combinations (ε-viniferin-linezolid, johorenol A-vancomycin, and johorenol A-linezolid) were either indifferent or additive against both strains. However, despite the FICI value showing synergistic effect for ε-viniferin-vancomycin, TKA analysis displayed antagonistic interaction with bacteriostatic action against both strains. As conclusion, ε-viniferin can be considered as a bacteriostatic stilbenoid as it antagonized the bactericidal activity of vancomycin. These findings therefore disputed previous report that ε-viniferin acted in synergism with vancomycin but revealed that it targets similar site in close proximity to vancomycin's action, possibly at the bacterial membrane protein. Hence, this combination has a huge potential to be further studied and developed as an alternative treatment in combating MRSA in future.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stilbenes/administration & dosage*
  14. Fulltext Resveratrol treatment reveals a novel role for HMGB1 in regulation of the type 1 interferon response in dengue virus infection
    Zainal N, Chang CP, Cheng YL, Wu YW, Anderson R, Wan SW, et al.
    Sci Rep, 2017 02 20;7:42998.
    PMID: 28216632 DOI: 10.1038/srep42998
    Dengue is one of the most significant mosquito-borne virus diseases worldwide, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. This study sought to examine the antiviral activity of resveratrol (RESV), a phytoalexin secreted naturally by plants, against dengue virus (DENV) infection. Our data showed that RESV inhibits the translocation of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a DNA binding protein that normally resides in the nucleus, into the cytoplasm and extracellular milieu. HMGB1 migrates out of the nucleus during DENV infection. This migration is inhibited by RESV treatment and is mediated by induction of Sirt1 which leads to the retention of HMGB1 in the nucleus and consequently helps in the increased production of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Nuclear HMGB1 was found to bind to the promoter region of the ISG and positively regulated the expression of ISG. The enhanced transcription of ISGs by nuclear HMGB1 thus contributes to the antiviral activity of RESV against DENV. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to demonstrate that RESV antagonizes DENV replication and that nuclear HMGB1 plays a role in regulating ISG production.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stilbenes/pharmacology*; Stilbenes/therapeutic use
  15. Fulltext Mesenchymal stem cell-based HSP70 promoter-driven VEGFA induction by resveratrol alleviates elastase-induced emphysema in a mouse model
    Chen YB, Lan YW, Chen LG, Huang TT, Choo KB, Cheng WT, et al.
    Cell Stress Chaperones, 2015 Nov;20(6):979-89.
    PMID: 26243699 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-015-0627-7
    Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a sustained blockage of the airways due to lung inflammation occurring with chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema. Progression of emphysema may be slowed by vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), which reduces apoptotic tissue depletion. Previously, authors of the present report demonstrated that cis-resveratrol (c-RSV)-induced heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70) promoter-regulated VEGFA expression promoted neovascularization of genetically modified mesenchymal stem cells (HSP-VEGFA-MSC) in a mouse model of ischemic disease. Here, this same stem cell line was evaluated for its protective capacity to alleviate elastase-induced pulmonary emphysema in mice. Results of this study showed that c-RSV-treatment of HSP-VEGFA-MSC exhibited synergy between HSP70 transcription activity and induced expression of anti-oxidant-related genes when challenged by cigarette smoke extracts. Eight weeks after jugular vein injection of HSP-VEGFA-MSC into mice with elastase-induced pulmonary emphysema followed by c-RSV treatment to induce transgene expression, significant improvement was observed in respiratory functions. Expression of VEGFA, endogenous nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf 2), and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) was significantly increased in the lung tissues of the c-RSV-treated mice. Histopathologic examination of treated mice revealed gradual but significant abatement of emphysema and restoration of airspace volume. In conclusion, the present investigation demonstrates that c-RSV-regulated VEGFA expression in HSP-VEGFA-MSC significantly improved the therapeutic effects on the treatment of COPD in the mouse, possibly avoiding side effects associated with constitutive VEGFA expression.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stilbenes/pharmacology*; Stilbenes/therapeutic use*
  16. Synthesis of furocoumarin-stilbene hybrids as potential multifunctional drugs against multiple biochemical targets associated with Alzheimer's disease
    Agbo EN, Gildenhuys S, Choong YS, Mphahlele MJ, More GK
    Bioorg Chem, 2020 08;101:103997.
    PMID: 32554280 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103997
    A series of furocoumarin-stilbene hybrids has been synthesized and evaluated in vitro for inhibitory effect against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinestarase (BChE), β-secretase, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and lipoxygenase-5 (LOX-5) activities including free radical-scavenging properties. Among these hybrids, 8-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-(3,5-dimethoxystyryl)furochromen-2-one 4h exhibited significant anticholinesterase activity and inhibitory effect against β-secretase, COX-2 and LOX-5 activities. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and an in vitro cell-based antioxidant activity assay involving lipopolysaccharide induced reactive oxygen species production revealed that 4h has capability of scavenging free radicals. Molecular docking into AChE, BChE, β-secretase, COX-2 and LOX-5 active sites has also been performed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stilbenes/chemistry*
  17. Histopathological effect of pterostilbene as chemoprevention in N-nitroso-tri-chloroethylurea (NTCU)-induced lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) mouse model
    Surien O, Ghazali AR, Masre SF
    Histol Histopathol, 2020 Oct;35(10):1159-1170.
    PMID: 32893871 DOI: 10.14670/HH-18-247
    BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is one of the most common types of lung cancer. Chemoprevention of lung cancer has gained increasing popularity as an alternative to treatment in reducing the burden of lung cancer. Pterostilbene (PS) may be developed as a chemopreventive agent due to its pharmacological activities, such as anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This study aimed to investigate the effect of PS on the development of lung SCC in the mouse model.

    METHODS: A total of 24 seven-week-old female Balb/C mice were randomly categorised into four groups, including two control groups comprising the N-nitroso-trischloroethylurea (NTCU)-induced lung SCC and vehicle control (VC) groups and two treatment groups comprising the 10mg/kg PS (PS10) and 50mg/kg PS (PS50) groups. All lung organs were harvested at week 26 for histopathological analysis.

    RESULTS: All PS treatment groups showed chemopreventive activity by inhibiting the progression of lung SCC formation with PS10, resulting in mild hyperplasia, and PS50 was completely reversed in the normal bronchial epithelium layer compared with the VC group. PS treatment also reduced the expression of cytokeratin 5/6 in the bronchial epithelium layer. Both PS10 and PS50 significantly reduced the epithelium thickness compared to the NTCU group (p<0.05). PS is a potential chemopreventive agent against lung SCC growth by suppressing the progression of pre-malignant lesions and reducing the thickness of the bronchial epithelium.

    CONCLUSIONS: The underlying molecular mechanisms of PS in lung SCC should be further studied.

    Matched MeSH terms: Stilbenes/pharmacology*
  18. Fulltext Targeting extracellular matrix remodeling in disease: Could resveratrol be a potential candidate?
    Agarwal R, Agarwal P
    Exp Biol Med (Maywood), 2017 Feb;242(4):374-383.
    PMID: 27798117 DOI: 10.1177/1535370216675065
    Disturbances of extracellular matrix homeostasis are associated with a number of pathological conditions. The ability of extracellular matrix to provide contextual information and hence control the individual or collective cellular behavior is increasingly being recognized. Hence, newer therapeutic approaches targeting extracellular matrix remodeling are widely investigated. We reviewed the current literature showing the effects of resveratrol on various aspects of extracellular matrix remodeling. This review presents a summary of the effects of resveratrol on extracellular matrix deposition and breakdown. Mechanisms of action of resveratrol in extracellular matrix deposition involving growth factors and their signaling pathways are discussed. Involvement of phosphoinositol-3-kinase/Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways and role of transcription factors and sirtuins on the effects of resveratrol on extracellular matrix homeostasis are summarized. It is evident from the literature presented in this review that resveratrol has significant effects on both the synthesis and breakdown of extracellular matrix. The major molecular targets of the action of resveratrol are growth factors and their signaling pathways, phosphoinositol-3-kinase/Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways, transcription factors, and SIRT-1. The effects of resveratrol on extracellular matrix and the molecular targets appear to be related to experimental models, experimental environment as well as the doses.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stilbenes/pharmacology*
  19. Role of adenosine receptors in resveratrol-induced intraocular pressure lowering in rats with steroid-induced ocular hypertension
    Razali N, Agarwal R, Agarwal P, Kumar S, Tripathy M, Vasudevan S, et al.
    Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 2015 Jan-Feb;43(1):54-66.
    PMID: 24995479 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.12375
    BACKGROUND: Steroid-induced ocular hypertension is currently treated in the same way as primary open-angle glaucoma. However, the treatment is often suboptimal and is associated with adverse effects. We evaluated the oculohypotensive effects of topical trans-resveratrol in rats with steroid-induced ocular hypertension and involvement of adenosine receptors (AR) in intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering effect of trans-resveratrol.
    METHODS: The oculohypotensive effect of unilateral single-drop application of various concentrations of trans-resveratrol was first studied in oculonormotensive rats. Concentration with maximum effect was similarly studied in rats with steroid-induced ocular hypertension. Involvement of AR was studied by observing the alterations of IOP in response to trans-resveratrol after pretreating animals with AR subtype-specific antagonists. Additionally, we used computational methods, including 3D modelling, 3D structure generation and protein-ligand interaction, to determine the AR-trans-resveratrol interaction.
    RESULTS: All concentrations of trans-resveratrol produced significant IOP reduction in normotensive rat eyes. Maximum mean IOP reduction of 15.1% was achieved with trans-resveratrol 0.2%. In oculohypertensive rats, trans-resveratrol 0.2% produced peak IOP reduction of 25.2%. Pretreatment with A₁ antagonist abolished the oculohypotensive effect of trans-resveratrol. Pretreatment with A₃ and A₂A AR antagonists produced significant IOP reduction in both treated and control eyes, which was further augmented by trans-resveratrol application in treated eyes. Computational studies showed that trans-resveratrol has highest affinity for A₂B and A₁, followed by A2A and A₃ AR.
    CONCLUSION: Topically applied trans-resveratrol reduces IOP in rats with steroid-induced ocular hypertension. Trans-resveratrol-induced oculohypotension involves its agonistic activity at the A₁ AR.
    KEYWORDS: adenosine receptors; docking simulation; intraocular pressure; resveratrol; topical
    Matched MeSH terms: Stilbenes/administration & dosage*
  20. Fulltext Regulation of microRNAs by natural agents: new strategies in cancer therapies
    Phuah NH, Nagoor NH
    Biomed Res Int, 2014;2014:804510.
    PMID: 25254214 DOI: 10.1155/2014/804510
    MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNA which regulate gene expression by messenger RNA (mRNA) degradation or translation repression. The plethora of published reports in recent years demonstrated that they play fundamental roles in many biological processes, such as carcinogenesis, angiogenesis, programmed cell death, cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and differentiation by acting as tumour suppressor or oncogene, and aberrations in their expressions have been linked to onset and progression of various cancers. Furthermore, each miRNA is capable of regulating the expression of many genes, allowing them to simultaneously regulate multiple cellular signalling pathways. Hence, miRNAs have the potential to be used as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis as well as therapeutic targets. Recent studies have shown that natural agents such as curcumin, resveratrol, genistein, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, indole-3-carbinol, and 3,3'-diindolylmethane exert their antiproliferative and/or proapoptotic effects through the regulation of one or more miRNAs. Therefore, this review will look at the regulation of miRNAs by natural agents as a means to potentially enhance the efficacy of conventional chemotherapy through combinatorial therapies. It is hoped that this would provide new strategies in cancer therapies to improve overall response and survival outcome in cancer patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stilbenes/therapeutic use
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