Displaying publications 381 - 400 of 1377 in total

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  1. Cytotoxic and antioxidant effects of methoxylated stilbene analogues on HepG2 hepatoma and Chang liver cells: Implications for structure activity relationship
    Hasiah AH, Ghazali AR, Weber JF, Velu S, Thomas NF, Inayat Hussain SH
    Hum Exp Toxicol, 2011 Feb;30(2):138-44.
    PMID: 20385705 DOI: 10.1177/0960327110368739
    Stilbenes possess a variety of biological activities including chemopreventive activity. This study was conducted to evaluate the structural activity relationships of six methoxylated stilbene analogues with respect to their cytotoxic effects and antioxidant activities on HepG2 hepatoma and Chang liver cells. The cytotoxic and total antioxidant activities of six stilbene analogues were determined by MTT and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assays, respectively. We found that the cis-methoxylated stilbene: (Z)-3,4,4'-trimethoxystilbene was the most potent and selective antiproliferative agent (IC₅₀ 89 µM) in HepG2 cells. For the total antioxidant activity, compounds possessing hydroxyl groups at the 4' position namely (E)-3-methoxy-4'-hydroxystilbene, (E)-3,5-dimethoxy-4'-hydroxystilbene (pterostilbene), (E)-4-methoxy-4'-hydroxystilbene showed the highest antioxidant activity. Structure activity relationship studies of these compounds demonstrated that the cytotoxic effect and antioxidant activities of the tested compounds in this study were structurally dependent.
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver/drug effects*; Liver/metabolism; Liver/pathology
  2. Fulltext In vitro and in vivo effects of three different Mitragyna speciosa korth leaf extracts on phase II drug metabolizing enzymes--glutathione transferases (GSTs)
    Azizi J, Ismail S, Mordi MN, Ramanathan S, Said MI, Mansor SM
    Molecules, 2010 Jan 20;15(1):432-41.
    PMID: 20110902 DOI: 10.3390/molecules15010432
    In the present study, we investigate the effects of three different Mitragyna speciosa extracts, namely methanolic, aqueous and total alkaloid extracts, on glutathione transferase-specific activity in male Sprague Dawley rat liver cytosol in vitro and in vivo. In the in vitro study, the effect of Mitragyna speciosa extracts (0.01 to 750 microg/mL) against the specific activity of glutathione transferases was examined in rat liver cytosolic fraction from untreated rats. Our data show concentration dependent inhibition of cytosolic GSTs when Mitragyna speciosa extract was added into the reaction mixture. At the highest concentration used, the methanolic extract showed the highest GSTs specific activity inhibition (61%), followed by aqueous (50%) and total alkaloid extract (43%), respectively. In in vivo study, three different dosages; 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg for methanolic and aqueous extracts and 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg for total alkaloid extract were given orally for 14 days. An increase in GST specific activity was generally observed. However, only Mitragyna speciosa aqueous extract with a dosage of 100 mg/kg showed significant results: 129% compared to control.
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver/anatomy & histology; Liver/drug effects; Liver/enzymology
  3. Fulltext Chlorella vulgaris triggers apoptosis in hepatocarcinogenesis-induced rats
    Mohd Azamai ES, Sulaiman S, Mohd Habib SH, Looi ML, Das S, Abdul Hamid NA, et al.
    J Zhejiang Univ Sci B, 2009 Jan;10(1):14-21.
    PMID: 19198018 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.B0820168
    Chlorella vulgaris (CV) has been reported to have antioxidant and anticancer properties. We evaluated the effect of CV on apoptotic regulator protein expression in liver cancer-induced rats. Male Wistar rats (200~250 g) were divided into eight groups: control group (normal diet), CDE group (choline deficient diet supplemented with ethionine in drinking water to induce hepatocarcinogenesis), CV groups with three different doses of CV (50, 150, and 300 mg/kg body weight), and CDE groups treated with different doses of CV (50, 150, and 300 mg/kg body weight). Rats were sacrificed at various weeks and liver tissues were embedded in paraffin blocks for immunohistochemistry studies. CV, at increasing doses, decreased the expression of anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2, but increased the expression of pro-apoptotic protein, caspase 8, in CDE rats, which was correlated with decreased hepatocytes proliferation and increased apoptosis as determined by bromodeoxy-uridine (BrdU) labeling and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay, respectively. Our study shows that CV has definite chemopreventive effect by inducing apoptosis via decreasing the expression of Bcl-2 and increasing the expression of caspase 8 in hepatocarcinogenesis-induced rats.
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver Neoplasms/diet therapy*; Liver Neoplasms/metabolism; Liver Neoplasms/pathology*
  4. Fulltext Glioblastoma multiforme: a rare manifestation of extensive liver and bone metastases
    Robert M, Wastie M
    Biomed Imaging Interv J, 2008 Jan;4(1):e3.
    PMID: 21614314 MyJurnal DOI: 10.2349/biij.4.1.e3
    Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive form of primary brain tumours known collectively as gliomas. Gliomas are graded by their microscopic appearance. As a rule, their behaviour can be predicted from histology: Grade I (pilocytic astrocytomas) and Grade II (benign astrocytomas) tumours are of low grade and grow slowly over many years. Grade IV tumours (GBM) are the most aggressive and, unfortunately, also the most common in humans, growing rapidly, invading and altering brain function. These tumours arise from the supporting glial cells of the brain during childhood and in adulthood.These growths do not spread throughout the body like other forms of cancer, but cause symptoms by invading the brain. Untreated GBMs are rapidly lethal. Most patients with GBM die of their disease in less than a year and none have long term survival.Extracranial metastases from GBM are extremely rare, with a reported frequency of only 0.44% because of the absence of lymphatics in the brain and the difficulty of tumours to penetrate blood vessels. A case of glioblastoma multiforme with the rare features of extensive liver and bone metastases is presented in this paper.
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver
  5. alpha1-Antitrypsin deficiency is not an important cause of childhood liver diseases in a multi-ethnic Southeast Asian population
    Lee WS, Yap SF, Looi LM
    J Paediatr Child Health, 2007 Sep;43(9):636-9.
    PMID: 17688648
    We conducted a prospective study to determine the role of alpha1-antitrypsin (alpha1AT) deficiency in the pathogenesis of neonatal cholestasis and other childhood liver diseases in a multi-ethnic Southeast Asian population.
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver Diseases/ethnology; Liver Diseases/etiology*; Liver Diseases/genetics
  6. Readmission risk and metabolic, biochemical, haematological and clinical indicators of severity in hyperemesis gravidarum
    Tan PC, Jacob R, Quek KF, Omar SZ
    Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol, 2006 Oct;46(5):446-50.
    PMID: 16953861
    In a retrospective analysis of 192 cases of presumed hyperemesis gravidarum, there were no biochemical markers that predicted hospital readmission. There was, however, statistically significant negative predictive value in abnormal liver function tests. This could represent acute self-limited illness with a component of hepatitis as the cause for the clinical presentation, rather than hyperemesis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver/enzymology; Liver Function Tests*
  7. HBV and liver cancer
    Leung N
    Med J Malaysia, 2005 Jul;60 Suppl B:63-6.
    PMID: 16108176
    The association of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and liver cancer is well documented in epidemiological study. Patients with chronic hepatitis B have increased risk of hepatocelluar carcinoma (HCC), in particular those with active liver disease and cirrhosis. The incidence of HCC increases with age and is more common among male patients. The introduction of universal HBV vaccination program for the newborn in endemic regions has started to show beneficial impact. Taiwan introduced this program two decades ago and the incidence of liver cancer among infants and young children have declined significantly. The carcinogenic events leading to HCC are under intense research. A number of hypotheses have been proposed. HBV is not directly hepatotoxic but its interaction with the host immune system creates opportunity for HBV DNA integration into the host genome. One of the main foci of research is the HBX-encoded X protein. Its integration and protein expression impose alteration in cell proliferation cycle and apoptosis process. Many other factors may be involved including viral-induced alterations in p53 and telemerase, HBV genotypes, co-infection with HCV or delta agents, patient's lifestyle such as smoking, alcohol excesses, and genetic factors of the host patient. The processes of necroinflammation, cell proliferation and fibrosis facilitate the initial carcinogenic development. HCC surveillance with tumor markers such as alpha-foetal protein, decarboxylated prothrombin, in conjunction with imaging techniques has identified early small HCC that is amenable to curative therapy. Viral load has been correlated with increase risk of HCC. The available anti-viral agents have demonstrated clinical benefit among those with maintained and sustained response. Interferon and lamivudine therapy have demonstrated reduction of HCC among responders. However, they only constitute a minority proportion of treated patients. The mainstay of prevention should lie in prevention of HBV infection and early effective therapy of chronic hepatitis B infection.
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver Cirrhosis; Liver Neoplasms/etiology; Liver Neoplasms/epidemiology*
  8. A model of chlorpyrifos distribution and its biochemical effects on the liver and kidneys of rats
    Tanvir EM, Afroz R, Chowdhury M, Gan SH, Karim N, Islam MN, et al.
    Hum Exp Toxicol, 2016 Sep;35(9):991-1004.
    PMID: 26519480 DOI: 10.1177/0960327115614384
    This study investigated the main target sites of chlorpyrifos (CPF), its effect on biochemical indices, and the pathological changes observed in rat liver and kidney function using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Adult female Wistar rats (n = 12) were randomly assigned into two groups (one control and one test group; n = 6 each). The test group received CPF via oral gavage for 21 days at 5 mg/kg daily. The distribution of CPF was determined in various organs (liver, brain, heart, lung, kidney, ovary, adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle), urine and stool samples using GCMS. Approximately 6.18% of CPF was distributed in the body tissues, and the highest CPF concentration (3.80%) was found in adipose tissue. CPF also accumulated in the liver (0.29%), brain (0.22%), kidney (0.10%), and ovary (0.03%). Approximately 83.60% of CPF was detected in the urine. CPF exposure resulted in a significant increase in plasma transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, and total bilirubin levels, a significant reduction in total protein levels and an altered lipid profile. Oxidative stress due to CPF administration was also evidenced by a significant increase in liver malondialdehyde levels. The detrimental effects of CPF on kidney function consisted of a significant increase in plasma urea and creatinine levels. Liver and kidney histology confirmed the observed biochemical changes. In conclusion, CPF bioaccumulates over time and exerts toxic effects on animals.
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver/drug effects*; Liver/metabolism; Liver Function Tests
  9. Asian consensus on the relationship between obesity and gastrointestinal and liver diseases
    Koh JC, Loo WM, Goh KL, Sugano K, Chan WK, Chiu WY, et al.
    J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2016 Aug;31(8):1405-13.
    PMID: 27010240 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.13385
    The incidence of obesity is increasing in Asia, with implications on gastrointestinal (GI) and liver diseases. The Gut and Obesity in Asia Workgroup comprises regional experts with the aim of studying relationship between obesity and the GI and liver diseases in Asia. Through literature review and the modified Delphi process, consensus statements examining the impact of obesity on esophageal, gastric, pancreatic, colorectal, and liver diseases, exploring relationship between gut microbiome and obesity, and assessing obesity therapies have been produced by the Gut and Obesity in Asia Workgroup. Sixteen experts participated with 9/15 statements having strong consensus (>80% agreement). The prevalence of obesity in Asia is increasing (100% percentage agreement in brackets), and this increased prevalence of obesity will result in a greater burden of obesity-related GI and liver diseases (93.8%). There was consensus that obesity increases the risk of gastric cancer (75%) and colorectal neoplasia (87.5%). Obesity was also associated with Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma (66.7%) and pancreatic cancer (66.7%) in Asia. The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Asia is on the rise (100%), and the risk of NAFLD in Asia (100%) is increased by obesity. Obesity is a risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (93.8%). Regarding therapy, it was agreed that bariatric surgery was an effective treatment modality for obesity (93.8%) but there was less agreement on its benefit for NAFLD (62.5%). These experts' consensus on obesity and GI diseases in Asia forms the basis for further research, and its translation into addressing this emerging issue.
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver Diseases/diagnosis; Liver Diseases/microbiology; Liver Diseases/epidemiology*
  10. A comparison of the pattern of liver involvement in dengue hemorrhagic fever with classic dengue fever
    Wahid SF, Sanusi S, Zawawi MM, Ali RA
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2000 Jun;31(2):259-63.
    PMID: 11127322
    The impact of dengue on liver function was studied on fifty serologically confirmed dengue cases admitted to Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (HUKM). Twenty-five of these patients had classic dengue fever (DF) and 25 had grade 1 or 2 dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). There were more (60%) DHF patients with hepatomegaly compared to DF (40%) but the difference was not statistically significant. Analysis of the liver profile showed that liver dysfunction was commoner in DHF compared to DF, indicating that the degree of liver impairment may be related to the severity of DHF. Hyperbilirubinemia was noted in 3 (12%) DHF and 2 (8%) DF patients. The mean (range) serum bilirubin was higher in DHF [14.2(5-50) micromol/l] compared to DF [10.9(5-30) micromol/l)] (p > 0.05). Elevated levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were observed more frequently in DHF (20 and 12 patients respectively) compared to DF (16 and 8 patients respectively). Nine (36%) DHF and 6 (24%) DF patients had concomitant elevation of ALT and ALP levels. The mean (range) serum ALT levels were 109.3(23-325) U/l in DHF and 90.8(13-352) U/l in DF (p > 0.05). The mean (range) serum ALP levels were 102.2(15-319) U/l in DHF and 93.3(34-258) U/l in DF (p > 0.05). The ALT and ALP levels were significantly higher in DHF patients with spontaneous bleeding than those without bleeding (p < 0.05) None of the patients developed fulminant hepatitis. The immunoregulatory cells, which include the T (CD3), B (CD 19), CD4, CD8, CD5 and natural killer (NK) cells were significantly lower in DHF compared to DF patients (p < 0.05). However, the reduction in these cell counts did not correlate with the liver dysfunction seen in DHF patients. In conclusion, hepatomegaly and liver dysfunction were commoner in DHF compared to DF.
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver/pathology*; Liver/physiopathology*; Liver Function Tests
  11. Fulltext Primary biliary cirrhosis at Hospital Kuala Lumpur: a study of 17 cases seen between 1992 and 1999
    Kananathan R, Suresh RL, Merican I
    Med J Malaysia, 2002 Mar;57(1):56-60.
    PMID: 14569718 MyJurnal
    A prospective descriptive study of Primary Biliary Cirrhosis at Hospital Kuala Lumpur was undertaken from January 1992 to December 1999. A total of 17 patients were seen with a female to male ratio of 3.25:1. The mean age at presentation was 45.9 years (range: 14 years to 67 years) with a mean follow-up of 33.4 months (range: 3 months to 95 months). Fatigue was the most common clinical symptom at presentation. Alanine transaminase and alkaline phosphatase levels were elevated in 93% of patients at presentation. The antimitochondrial antibody was positive in 87% of patients. Ursodeoxycholic acid therapy resulted in significant symptomatic relief and biochemical improvement in all those who were treated.
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary/diagnosis; Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary/epidemiology*; Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary/therapy
  12. Vitamin E, glutathione S-transferase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activities in cultured hepatocytes of rats treated with carcinogens
    Ong FB, Wan Ngah WZ, Top AG, Khalid BA, Shamaan NA
    Int. J. Biochem., 1994 Mar;26(3):397-402.
    PMID: 7910569
    1. The effects of alpha-tocopherol and gamma-tocotrienol on glutathione S-transferase (GST) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT) activities in cultured hepatocytes prepared from rats treated with diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) were investigated. 2. Both the alpha-tocopherol and gamma-tocotrienol treated hepatocytes showed significantly higher (P < 0.05) GST activities than untreated hepatocytes prepared from the carcinogen treated rats in the first 3 days of culture. Treatment with alpha-tocopherol and gamma-tocotrienol generally resulted in a tendency to increase the GST activities above that in the untreated hepatocytes. 3. Treatment with high doses (125-250 microM) of alpha-tocopherol and low doses (12.5-25 microM) of gamma-tocotrienol generally resulted in a significant reduction in gamma-GT activities at 1-3 days. gamma-GT activities are reduced as the dose of alpha-tocopherol and gamma-tocotrienol are increased.
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver/cytology; Liver/drug effects*; Liver/metabolism
  13. Effect of ovariectomy and sex hormones replacement on tumour marker enzymes under administration of chemical carcinogens in the rat
    Zarida H, Wan Zurinah WN, Zanariah J, Michael LK, Khalid BA
    Exp. Toxicol. Pathol., 1994 Mar;46(1):31-6.
    PMID: 7916223
    The effect of ovariectomy and sex hormone/s replacement in female rats was investigated by the determination of the tumour marker enzymes gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). This was compared to ovariectomized rats receiving sex hormone replacement and treated with carcinogen. Ovariectomy significantly increased the activity of plasma GGT. Plasma and microsomal ALP and microsomal GGT were unchanged. When replacements of estrogen (E), or progesterone (Prog), or combinations of both estrogen and progesterone were given to ovariectomized rats, the activity of plasma GGT was brought to the level of normal intact females. Treatment with carcinogen increased the PGGT activities in intact rats. In ovariectomized rats receiving carcinogen, the PGGT activities were significantly lower than in intact females and rats receiving both hormone replacement and carcinogen (p < 0.01). Carcinogen treatment in case of estrogen or progesterone replacement, either individually or in combination, showed GGT activities comparable to intact females receiving carcinogen. Both plasma and microsomal ALP were not affected by carcinogen administration. These results showed that ovariectomy reduced the severity of hepatocarcinogenesis while sex hormone replacement worsened the process.
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver/enzymology; Liver Neoplasms/chemically induced*
  14. Fulltext Cytotoxic effect of commonly used food dyes on human Hepatoma cell line, HepG2
    Lye, H.M., Chiew, J.C., Siddique, M.M.
    International Food Research Journal, 2018;25(4):1457-1463.
    MyJurnal
    The increasing and widespread use of synthetic food dyes raises health concerns and earlier reports suggest that certain food dyes might be harmful for human health. In this study, we have investigated the effect of three commonly used food dyes on human liver cell line, HepG2. Our findings suggest that these experimental food dyes significantly affect cell viability and this effect can be worsen in hyperglycemic condition. Accumulation of cellular fat was significantly higher in presence of these dyes. Expression pattern of the gene involved in regulating apoptosis suggests that that the observed cell death could be attributed to the activation of apoptotic pathway. These findings suggest that these experimental dyes might exert synergistic toxicity in hyperglycemia that need to be confirmed using suitable in vivo models.
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver
  15. Correction to: Acute-on-chronic liver failure: consensus recommendations of the Asian Pacific association for the study of the liver (APASL): an update
    Sarin SK, Choudhury A, Sharma MK, Maiwall R, Al Mahtab M, Rahman S, et al.
    Hepatol Int, 2019 11;13(6):826-828.
    PMID: 31595462 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-019-09980-1
    The article Acute-on-chronic liver failure: consensus recommendations of the Asian Pacific association for the study of the liver (APASL): an update, written by [Shiv Sarin], was originally published electronically on the publisher's internet portal (currently SpringerLink) on June 06, 2019 without open access.
    Matched MeSH terms: Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure
  16. Challenges Faced During the Ventilation of a Child With Bronchobiliary Fistula: A Case Report
    Zainal Abidin H, Mohd Lutfi N, Phang YY, Zarina FMI, Hamidah I, Saedah A, et al.
    A A Pract, 2020 Jul;14(9):e01281.
    PMID: 32909720 DOI: 10.1213/XAA.0000000000001281
    Hepatoblastoma is the most frequently occurring malignant tumor of the liver in children (ages ≤5 years). The formation of bronchobiliary fistula is a rare complication. We present a case report that describes the associated anesthetic challenges that we encountered for the treatment of this pathology.
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver Neoplasms
  17. Fulltext Sonographic measurement of the thickness of subcutaneous tissue and hepatic echo-intensity attenuation rate in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
    Abdul Sattar Arif Khammas, Hasyma Abu Hassan
    Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences, 2020;14(1):29-38.
    MyJurnal
    The most common cause of the chronic liver disease is non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study was designed to compare a mean subcutaneous tissue thickness (SCTT) and hepatic echo-intensity attenuation rate (HEIAR) among NAFLD grades. Sonography was carried out on 628 consecutive subjects. The distance between the skin surface and the liver capsule was measured and was labelled the SCTT. Also, the ultrasound of HEIAR was retrospectively quantified on an image archiving. HEIAR was calculated as the difference between mean intensity of echo for two regions of interest (ROIs) in near- and far-fields divided by the distance between these two ROIs multiply by frequency of the probe. Of the 628, 235 subjects were diagnosed with NAFLD. The age range was 45 – 75 years with mean 54.5 ± 6.7 years. There was a significant difference of mean SCTT among NAFLD grades (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
  18. Fulltext Interventions for preventing and managing advanced liver disease in cystic fibrosis
    Palaniappan SK, Than NN, Thein AW, van Mourik I
    Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2020 03 30;3:CD012056.
    PMID: 32227478 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD012056.pub3
    BACKGROUND: Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive inherited defect in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene resulting in abnormal regulation of salt and water movement across the membranes. In the liver this leads to focal biliary fibrosis resulting in progressive portal hypertension and end-stage liver disease in some individuals. This can be asymptomatic, but may lead to splenomegaly and hypersplenism, development of varices and variceal bleeding, and ascites; it has negative impact on overall nutritional status and respiratory function in this population. Prognosis is poor once significant portal hypertension is established. The role and outcome of various interventions for managing advanced liver disease (non-malignant end stage disease) in people with cystic fibrosis is currently unidentified. This is an updated version of a previously published review.

    OBJECTIVES: To review and assess the efficacy of currently available treatment options for preventing and managing advanced liver disease in children and adults with cystic fibrosis.

    SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis Trials Register, compiled from electronic database searches and handsearching of journals and conference abstract books. Date of last search: 19 November 2019. We also searched the reference lists of relevant articles and reviews and online trials registries. Date of last search: 01 January 2020.

    SELECTION CRITERIA: Any published and unpublished randomised controlled trials and quasi-randomised controlled trials of advanced liver disease in cystic fibrosis with cirrhosis or liver failure, portal hypertension or variceal bleeding (or both).

    DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Authors independently examined titles and abstracts to identify potentially relevant trials, but none were eligible for inclusion in this review.

    MAIN RESULTS: A comprehensive search of the literature did not identify any published eligible randomised controlled trials.

    AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: In order to develop the best source of evidence, there is a need to undertake randomised controlled trials of interventions for preventing and managing advanced liver disease in adults and children with cystic fibrosis.

    Matched MeSH terms: Liver Diseases/etiology; Liver Diseases/prevention & control; Liver Diseases/therapy*
  19. Liver abscess
    Monro JK
    Journal of the Malaya Branch of the British Medical Association, 1941;5:108-9.
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver Abscess, Amebic
  20. Extracellular calcium modulates insulin's action on enzymes controlling cyclic AMP metabolism in intact hepatocytes
    Irvine F, Wallace AV, Sarawak SR, Houslay MD
    Biochem. J., 1993 Jul 01;293 ( Pt 1):249-53.
    PMID: 8392336
    Absence of physiological concentrations of extracellular Ca2+ in the Krebs-Henseleit incubation buffer did not affect the ability of 10 nM glucagon (< 5%) to increase hepatocyte intracellular cyclic AMP concentrations, but severely ablated (by approximately 70%) the ability of 10 nM insulin to decrease these elevated concentrations. Cyclic AMP metabolism is determined by production by adenylate cyclase and degradation by cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase (PDE). In the absence of added extracellular Ca2+ (2.5 mM), insulin's ability to activate PDE activity was selectively compromised, showing a failure of insulin to activate two of the three insulin-stimulated activities, namely the 'dense-vesicle' and peripheral plasma-membrane (PPM) PDEs. In the absence of added Ca2+, insulin's ability to inhibit adenylate cyclase activity in intact hepatocytes was decreased dramatically. Vasopressin and adrenaline (+ propranolol) failed to elicit the activation of either the 'dense-vesicle' or the PPM-PDEs. The presence of physiological concentrations of extracellular Ca2+ in the incubation medium is shown to be important for the appropriate generation of insulin's actions on cyclic AMP metabolism.
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver/cytology; Liver/drug effects; Liver/metabolism*
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