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  1. Fulltext Toxicity and Safety Evaluation of Doxorubicin-Loaded Cockleshell-Derived Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticle in Dogs
    Danmaigoro A, Selvarajah GT, Mohd Noor MH, Mahmud R, Abu Bakar MZ
    Adv Pharmacol Sci, 2018;2018:4848602.
    PMID: 30079088 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4848602
    Doxorubicin (DOX) is a potent anticancer agent with cytotoxic effects which limit its clinical usage. This effect is due to its nonselective nature causing injury to the cells as a result of reactive free oxygen radical's release. Cockleshell-derived calcium carbonate nanoparticle (CS-CaCO3NP) is a pH-responsive carrier with targeted delivery potentials. This study aimed at evaluating the toxicity effects of repeated dose administration of DOX-loaded CS-CaCO3NP in healthy dogs. Fifteen dogs with an average body weight of 15 kg were randomized equally into 5 groups. Dogs were subjected to 5 doses at every 3-week interval with (i) normal saline, (ii) DOX, 30 mg/m2, and the experimental groups: CS-CaCO3NP-DOX at (iii) high dose, 50 mg/m2, (iv) clinical dose, 30 mg/m2, and (v) low dose, 20 mg/m2. Radiographs, electrocardiography, and blood samples were collected before every treatment for haematology, serum biochemistry, and cardiac injury assessment. Heart and kidney tissues were harvested after euthanasia for histological and ultrastructural evaluation. The cumulative dose of DOX 150 mg/m2 over 15 weeks revealed significant effects on body weight, blood cells, functional enzymes, and cardiac injury biomarkers with alterations in electrocardiogram, myocardium, and renal tissue morphology. However, the dogs given CS-CaCO3NP-DOX 150 mg/m2 and below did not show any significant change in toxicity biomarker as compared to those given normal saline. The study confirmed the safety of repeated dose administration of CS-CaCO3NP-DOX (30 mg/m2) for 5 cycles in dogs. This finding offers opportunity to dogs with cancer that might require long-term administration of DOX without adverse effects.
  2. Synchronous occurrence of neuroblastic tumour and exocrine carcinoma of the pancreas in a child
    Denize T, Irtan S, Tabone MD, Coulomb A, Gharbi S, Ducou Le Pointe H, et al.
    Pathology, 2023 Oct;55(6):890-892.
    PMID: 37393145 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2023.03.015
  3. Fulltext Modelling the utilization rates of pedestrian crosswalks
    Al Bargi WA, Daniel BD, Khalifa NA, Rohani MM, Hussain Q, Hamdan RB
    Heliyon, 2023 Sep;9(9):e19310.
    PMID: 37681154 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19310
    A zebra crossing is a form of pedestrian crossing provision point on roads that have significant volumes of traffic. It is one of the safety measures employed to reduce avoidable pedestrian-motorist conflicts and accidents on such roads. In the past several studies have been conducted on the behaviours of road users (pedestrians and motorists) especially on non-signal intersections. Although, various recommendations and solutions have been proffered to the many road-crossing challenges. But there has been little to no change in pedestrians' perceptions and preferences of zebra crossing. Contemporary researches have tried to rectify this by applying several models to rate the use of pedestrian zebra crossing. This study uses a Regression Model Techniques to analyse factors influencing utilization rate of pedestrian zebra crossing. In this study, 450 samples were collected from 12 locations, covering school, public building, residential and business areas to examine the utilization rate of the zebra crossing by pedestrians. To examine the significance level on the crossing utilization rates by pedestrian at 95% confidence interval, a pedestrian utilization rate (PUR) was acting as the dependent variable and the remaining variables served as the independent variables. The Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) model was also used to determine the utilization rate needed to develop the zebra crossing utilization model. From the findings, the calibrated R2 value was discovered to be at 0.937 and the descriptive statistics of MLR test, t and p-values, were also found within an acceptable range. The result also showed that, out of all the variables which were used, only three have a significant effect on the utilization rates of pedestrian zebra crossing while the remaining variables have an insignificant effect. The study concluded that among the different variables, Guardrail, number of lanes and Width of zebra crossing were the most influential variables. It is believed that the conclusions drawn from this research are expected to be useful to improve the state of pedestrian facilities in Malaysia.
  4. Overexpression of monodehydroascorbate reductase from a mangrove plant (AeMDHAR) confers salt tolerance on rice
    Sultana S, Khew CY, Morshed MM, Namasivayam P, Napis S, Ho CL
    J Plant Physiol, 2012 Feb 15;169(3):311-8.
    PMID: 22024734 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2011.09.004
    Monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), an important enzyme of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle, is involved in salt tolerance of plants through scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, a cDNA encoding MDHAR from the mangrove plant Acanthus ebracteatus was introduced into rice to examine its role in salt tolerance. Three stable transgenic lines (MT22, MT24 and MT25) overexpressing AeMDHAR were selected in vitro using hygromycin and confirmed by PCR, quantitative reverse-transcription (qRT) PCR and enzyme assay. The transgenic line MT24 was predicted to possess a single copy of the transgene while the other two transgenic lines were predicted to have multiple transgene integrations. The AeMDHAR transcripts were detected only in transgenic rice lines but not in untransformed rice. The abundance of AeMDHAR transcripts in transgenic lines MT22 and MT25 was approximately 2.75 times the amount found in MT24. The transgenic rice lines overexpressing AeMDHAR showed a significant increase in MDHAR enzyme activity compared to untransformed plants under both NaCl and control conditions. All transgenic lines showed better yield attributes such as a higher tiller number and increased 1000-grain weight compared to non-transgenics. They also showed tolerance to salt at germination and seedling stages. The transgenic line MT24, which harbors a single copy of AeMDHAR, displayed a lower rate of sterility, a higher number of tillers and longer panicle compared to untransformed plants when subjected to salt stress.
  5. Machine Learning-Based Early Prediction of Sepsis Using Electronic Health Records: A Systematic Review
    Islam KR, Prithula J, Kumar J, Tan TL, Reaz MBI, Sumon MSI, et al.
    J Clin Med, 2023 Aug 30;12(17).
    PMID: 37685724 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12175658
    BACKGROUND: Sepsis, a life-threatening infection-induced inflammatory condition, has significant global health impacts. Timely detection is crucial for improving patient outcomes as sepsis can rapidly progress to severe forms. The application of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) to predict sepsis using electronic health records (EHRs) has gained considerable attention for timely intervention.

    METHODS: PubMed, IEEE Xplore, Google Scholar, and Scopus were searched for relevant studies. All studies that used ML/DL to detect or early-predict the onset of sepsis in the adult population using EHRs were considered. Data were extracted and analyzed from all studies that met the criteria and were also evaluated for their quality.

    RESULTS: This systematic review examined 1942 articles, selecting 42 studies while adhering to strict criteria. The chosen studies were predominantly retrospective (n = 38) and spanned diverse geographic settings, with a focus on the United States. Different datasets, sepsis definitions, and prevalence rates were employed, necessitating data augmentation. Heterogeneous parameter utilization, diverse model distribution, and varying quality assessments were observed. Longitudinal data enabled early sepsis prediction, and quality criteria fulfillment varied, with inconsistent funding-article quality correlation.

    CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review underscores the significance of ML/DL methods for sepsis detection and early prediction through EHR data.

  6. Fulltext A method for analyzing text using VOSviewer
    Bukar UA, Sayeed MS, Razak SFA, Yogarayan S, Amodu OA, Mahmood RAR
    MethodsX, 2023 Dec;11:102339.
    PMID: 37693657 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2023.102339
    The need for technical support for data handling and visualization solutions has increased in tandem with the complexity of today's data and information, that is of multiple sources, huge in size and of different formats. This study focuses on handling and analyzing text-based data. Despite many available text analysis tools, there is a high demand among researchers for easy- to-use tools yet scalable and with incomparable visualization features. Of recent, there has been a significant focus on utilizing VOSviewer, an open-source software for bibliometric analysis. This software is able to analyze a significant amount of data and provide excellent network data mapping. However, there is a lack of existing work in evaluating this sophisticated tool for text analysis. Thus, this article explores the capability of VOSviewer and presents evidence-based implementation of this software for text analysis. Specifically, this study demonstrates the usage of VOSviewer to analyze text based on YouTube interviews related to ChatGPT. Hence, this study significantly contributes by processing textual data and producing visualization network maps that are different from bibliometric data. The study recognizes VOSviewer as a powerful tool for data visualization in mapping text data and illustrates the potential of this software for analyzing text networks in various fields. •The study illustrates how text analysis and visualization can be realized using VOSviewer, an open-source software mostly used for biblio- metric analysis.•The study presents the workflow indicating how the dataset can be prepared as input for VOSviewer for text analysis.•The study proves that VOSviewer is a powerful tool for data visualization and network mapping for any type of network data including transcripts from social media.
  7. Ecological risk and source apportionment of heavy metals in surface water and sediments on Saint Martin's Island in the Bay of Bengal
    Sarker KK, Bristy MS, Alam N, Baki MA, Shojib FH, Quraishi SB, et al.
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2020 Sep;27(25):31827-31840.
    PMID: 32504432 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09384-x
    The study aimed to determine eight hazardous heavy metals in surface water and sediment samples collected from the Naf River, Shah Porir Dwip (estuary), and mostly around Saint Martin's Island in the Bay of Bengal. The results of heavy metals in water samples were ranged as Pb 14.7-313.0, Cd 33.0-70.0, Cr
  8. Fulltext An Integrated Dyspepsia Module for First-year Pharmacy Students
    De Matteis CI, Randall MD, Harvey EJ, Morris A, Winkler GS, Boardman HF
    Am J Pharm Educ, 2019 Feb;83(1):6508.
    PMID: 30894766 DOI: 10.5688/ajpe6508
    Objective. To design an integrated dyspepsia module for first year pharmacy students that combines clinical and professional practice with fundamental sciences in five different science subject areas. Methods. The approaches used in designing this module are described with emphasis on strategies adopted to integrate science and practice, and the new ways of working adopted by the design team. Students' views and experiences of the module and its integration were explored using questionnaires. Results. A high proportion of students reported positive views and experiences of the module, the integration and its impact (as self-reported) on their learning and practice. The assessment of student performance indicated learning and attainment was at an appropriate level for a first-year module. Both the student grades and research results indicate a positive student learning experience. Conclusion. The dyspepsia module provides a flexible and effective template for the integration of science and practice in theme-based modules, with students reporting positively about the integration, including their perception of its contribution to improving their learning and understanding. New and more collaborative ways of working are required when designing integrated modules.
  9. Fulltext OSC18: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Weathering and Aging Effect of Maxillofacial Silicone's Physical Properties
    Rahman AM, Nizami MMUI, Jamayet NB, Johari Y, Husein A, Alam MK
    J Indian Prosthodont Soc, 2018 Oct;18(Suppl 1):S14-S15.
    PMID: 30532410 DOI: 10.4103/0972-4052.244608
  10. Fulltext CRC16: Prosthetic Rehabilitation of a Microtia Patient: A Challenging Wax Sculpture Technique
    Nizami MMUI, Rahman AM, Jamayet N, Ghani ZA, Alam MK, Husein A
    J Indian Prosthodont Soc, 2018 Oct;18(Suppl 1):S42.
    PMID: 30532468 DOI: 10.4103/0972-4052.244672
  11. The "Know Your Lemons" Tools: A strategy to improve breast cancer warning signs recognition in Malaysia
    Mei Yen MC, Islam T, Ellsworth-Beaumont C, Dhillon SK, Ganggayah MD, Taib NA
    J Educ Health Promot, 2023;12:231.
    PMID: 37727439 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1579_22
    BACKGROUND: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in Malaysia, with many diagnosed at late stages. The "Know Your Lemons" (KYL) visual educational tools were developed by KYL Foundation. This study aimed to evaluate participants' confidence levels and perceived knowledge in identifying BC symptoms before and after exposure to KYL tools.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 788 participants in three KYL health campaigns from 2017 to 2020. Perceived knowledge (a 5-item Likert scale was used, zero means "very poor" and 4 means "excellent knowledge") and confidence in identifying BC symptoms were studied. A Wilcoxon Matched-Paired Signed-Rank Test was performed to assess the perceived knowledge.

    RESULTS: There was a significant improvement in the perceived knowledge Mean (±SD) score (2.84 ± 1.02) versus (4.31 ± 0.66) before and after the campaign (P < 0.01). About 95.6% agreed that the language used in KYL materials was clear and understandable, 89.8% agreed it is acceptable in Malaysian culture, and 80% felt more confident in identifying BC symptoms. Therefore, 90.8% had the intention of breast self-examination and 90.8% would consult a doctor if symptomatic. The majority (92.7%) agreed that the KYL tools clarified the BC tests needed.

    CONCLUSION: The KYL tools enhanced perceived BC symptom recognition knowledge and confidence levels.

  12. Fulltext A review on Deep Learning approaches for low-dose Computed Tomography restoration
    Kulathilake KASH, Abdullah NA, Sabri AQM, Lai KW
    Complex Intell Systems, 2023;9(3):2713-2745.
    PMID: 34777967 DOI: 10.1007/s40747-021-00405-x
    Computed Tomography (CT) is a widely use medical image modality in clinical medicine, because it produces excellent visualizations of fine structural details of the human body. In clinical procedures, it is desirable to acquire CT scans by minimizing the X-ray flux to prevent patients from being exposed to high radiation. However, these Low-Dose CT (LDCT) scanning protocols compromise the signal-to-noise ratio of the CT images because of noise and artifacts over the image space. Thus, various restoration methods have been published over the past 3 decades to produce high-quality CT images from these LDCT images. More recently, as opposed to conventional LDCT restoration methods, Deep Learning (DL)-based LDCT restoration approaches have been rather common due to their characteristics of being data-driven, high-performance, and fast execution. Thus, this study aims to elaborate on the role of DL techniques in LDCT restoration and critically review the applications of DL-based approaches for LDCT restoration. To achieve this aim, different aspects of DL-based LDCT restoration applications were analyzed. These include DL architectures, performance gains, functional requirements, and the diversity of objective functions. The outcome of the study highlights the existing limitations and future directions for DL-based LDCT restoration. To the best of our knowledge, there have been no previous reviews, which specifically address this topic.
  13. Fulltext Effect of a Nurse-Led Diabetes Self-Management Education Program on Glycosylated Hemoglobin among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes
    Azami G, Soh KL, Sazlina SG, Salmiah MS, Aazami S, Mozafari M, et al.
    J Diabetes Res, 2018;2018:4930157.
    PMID: 30225268 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4930157
    In recent years, great emphasis has been placed on the role of nonpharmacological self-management in the care of patients with diabetes. Studies have reported that nurses, compared to other healthcare professionals, are more likely to promote preventive healthcare seeking behaviors. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a nurse-led diabetes self-management education on glycosylated hemoglobin. A two-arm parallel-group randomized controlled trial with the blinded outcome assessors was designed. One hundred forty-two adults with type 2 diabetes were randomized to receive either usual diabetes care (control group) or usual care plus a nurse-led diabetes self-management education (intervention group). Duration of the intervention was 12 weeks. The primary outcome was glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c values). Secondary outcomes were changes in blood pressure, body weight, lipid profiles, self-efficacy (efficacy expectation and outcome expectation), self-management behaviors, quality of life, social support, and depression. Outcome measures were assessed at baseline and at 12-week and 24-week postrandomizations. Patients in the intervention group showed significant improvement in HbA1c, blood pressure, body weight, efficacy expectation, outcome expectation, and diabetes self-management behaviors. The beneficial effect of a nurse-led intervention continued to accrue beyond the end of the trial resulting in sustained improvements in clinical, lifestyle, and psychosocial outcomes. This trial is registered with IRCT2016062528627N1.
  14. Fulltext A facile hydrothermal approach for catalytic and optical behavior of tin oxide- graphene (SnO2/G) nanocomposite
    Sagadevan S, Chowdhury ZZ, Johan MRB, Khan AA, Aziz FA, F Rafique R, et al.
    PLoS One, 2018;13(10):e0202694.
    PMID: 30273344 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202694
    A cost-effective, facile hydrothermal approach was made for the synthesis of SnO2/graphene (Gr) nano-composites. XRD diffraction spectra clearly confirmed the presence of tetragonal crystal system of SnO2 which was maintaining its structure in both pure and composite materials' matrix. The stretching and bending vibrations of the functional groups were analyzed using FTIR analysis. FESEM images illustrated the surface morphology and the texture of the synthesized sample. HRTEM images confirmed the deposition of SnO2 nanoparticles over the surface of graphene nano-sheets. Raman Spectroscopic analysis was carried out to confirm the in-plane blending of SnO2 and graphene inside the composite matrix. The photocatalytic performance of the synthesized sample under UV irradiation using methylene blue dye was observed. Incorporation of grapheme into the SnO2 sample had increased the photocatalytic activity compared with the pure SnO2 sample. The electrochemical property of the synthesized sample was evaluated.
  15. Fulltext Analyzing Active Compounds in Elateriospermum tapos Yogurt for Maternal Obesity: A Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Study
    Naomi R, Teoh SH, Embong H, Balan SS, Othman F, Mamat-Hamidi K, et al.
    Foods, 2023 Sep 26;12(19).
    PMID: 37835227 DOI: 10.3390/foods12193575
    Maternal obesity, characterized by an elevated body mass index (BMI) during pregnancy, is known to have adverse effects on the offspring. However, a recent study suggests that Elateriospermum tapos (E. tapos) yogurt may hold potential in mitigating excessive weight retention post-pregnancy. Thus, this study aims to employ network pharmacology to explore the pharmacological effects of the bioactive compounds present in E. tapos yogurt against maternal obesity. Initially, a screening process is conducted to identify the bioactive compounds in E. tapos yogurt, followed by the prediction of potential gene targets for these compounds using Swiss Target Prediction and the SuperPred databases. Maternal obesity-associated genes are sourced from the OMIM, DisGeNet, and GeneCards databases. The interaction between the identified compounds and maternal obesity genes is established via protein-protein interaction analysis, gene ontology examination, and KEGG pathway analysis. To validate the results, molecular docking studies are conducted using AutoDock Tools software. The findings reveal that out of the 64 compounds analyzed, three meet the screening criteria, resulting in a total of 380 potential gene targets. Among these targets, 240 are shared with maternal obesity-related genes. Further analysis demonstrates the favorable affinity of these active compounds with key targets, linking them to biological processes involving protein phosphorylation, inflammation, as well as the pathways related to lipid metabolism, atherosclerosis, and the other signaling pathways. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the potential pharmacological effects of the bioactive compounds found in E. tapos yogurt against maternal obesity. These findings open avenues for further exploration and potential therapeutic interventions targeting maternal obesity.
  16. Fulltext Use of Injectable Platelet-Rich Fibrin Accompanied by Bone Graft in Socket Endurance: A Radiographic and Histological Study
    Nagrani T, Kumar S, Haq MA, Dhanasekaran S, Gajjar S, Patel C, et al.
    Cureus, 2023 Oct;15(10):e46909.
    PMID: 37841989 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46909
    Background Ridge preservation became a crucial dental health issue and strategy to keep away from ridge defacement after post-tooth loss. The recent scientific evolution of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) comprises a parenteral formulation of PRF. The combined allograft for socket preservation gives benefits. In this study, bone allografts, demineralized freeze-dried bone allografts (DFDBA) and freeze-dried bone allografts (FDBA) are used in a 30:70 ratio alone or in combination with injectable PRF (I-PRF) for socket preservation. Methods This study is a radiographic and histological examination conducted on 60 participants aged between 19-65 years. Participating patients agreed voluntarily that they would not bear any fixed prosthesis for the next nine months and plan for implanted teeth placement, including multi-rooted mandibular molars denticles. Both groups received atraumatic extraction; then, the socket was preserved with bone allograft alone in the control group and bone allograft mixed with I-PRF, forming sticky bone, in the experimental group. Clinical, radiological, and histological assessments were taken at the inception stage, three months, six months, and nine months. A multivariate regression model and a generalized estimating equation (GEE) model were used to analyse the effects of these changes on outcomes. Results In all the parameters, the test group indicated a good amount of bone growth with increasing intervals of time for bone height radiographically with statistically significant difference present (p<0.05) and histologically after nine months when socket site grafted with bone graft in combination with I-PRF. Conclusion This study's results demonstrated that I-PRF possesses the potential to regenerate and heal in the tooth-extracted socket. This study further recommends the implementation of I-PRF in safeguarding and conserving the raised rim of the tooth. Future research should take place on the osteogenic capability of I-PRF in more comprehensive ridge accession surgical procedures and additional expanding and improving capacities in periodontal reconstruction.
  17. Fulltext Blood lipid profiles, fatty acid deposition and expression of hepatic lipid and lipoprotein metabolism genes in laying hens fed palm oils, palm kernel oil, and soybean oil
    Izuddin WI, Loh TC, Nayan N, Akit H, Noor AM, Foo HL
    Front Vet Sci, 2023;10:1192841.
    PMID: 37519991 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1192841
    The palm oil, palm kernel oil and soybean oil have unique and distinctive fatty acid chain length and saturation profiles, and how they affect lipid peroxidation, fatty acid intake and metabolism is worth exploring in poultry. This study elucidated the influence the dietary oils on lipid peroxidation, blood lipid profiles, fatty acid deposition of liver, serum and yolk and the expression of liver genes related to lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in laying hens. About 150 Hisex brown laying hens were fed diets containing crude palm oil (CPO), red palm oil (RPO), refined palm oil (RBD), palm kernel oil (PKO) or soybean oil (SBO) for 16 weeks. Serum, liver and yolk lipid peroxidation were not different between dietary oils. The PKO increased liver, serum and yolk medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA). There was no difference in liver saturated fatty acids (SFA). The CPO and RPO reduced serum SFA, but the PKO increased yolk SFA. The SBO increased polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in liver serum and yolk. No difference in liver elaidic acid (C18:1-trans), but SBO lowered elaidic acid (C18:1-trans) in serum. Higher very-low density lipoprotein (VLDL) in CPO than RPO and SBO and greater serum lipase in CPO, RBD and PKO than SBO. There was no difference in sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP-II) between oils. Apolipoprotein VLDL-II (APOVLDL2) was upregulated in palm oils and apolipoprotein B-100 (APOB) in RBD. Downregulation in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-α), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) was observed in palm oils and PKO. In conclusion, different dietary oils greatly influence several aspects of fatty acid metabolism, deposition and lipoprotein profiles but have no influence on reducing lipid peroxidation.
  18. Fulltext Predictive analysis of the power spectral irradiance from blackbody radiation source using single pixel detector
    Lee HJ, Ker PJ, Gamel MMA, Jamaludin MZ, Wong YH
    Heliyon, 2023 Oct;9(10):e20585.
    PMID: 37842600 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20585
    Accurate spectral irradiance measurement in the near-infrared range is significant for the design and characterization of photodetector and photovoltaic cells. Approximation method is commonly used to solve for the input power using estimated spectral irradiance, where the dependency on wavelength and temperature remains uncertain. This study aims to determine the power spectrum at different radiation temperatures using a single pixel photodetector, taking into consideration factors such as transmission spectra of alumina radiator, CaF2 collimating lens, responsivity, and measured photocurrent information of photodetectors. Utilizing predictive mathematical model, five commercial photodetectors, including Silicon, Germanium, In0.53Ga0.47As, In0.73Ga0.27As, and In0.83Ga0.17As were used to solve for the power densities as a function of wavelengths at radiation temperatures of 1000 °C and 1500 °C. The spectral irradiance of photodetectors was determined with a percentage difference of <4.9 %, presenting an accurate power density estimation for the spectrum at a wide range of radiation temperatures. Power irradiance data obtained were validated in the narrow wavelength range with 1000 nm, 1400 nm, 1500 nm, and 2000 nm bandpass filters. The reported work demonstrates a simple and efficient way which could contribute to develop a cost-effective method of measuring and determining the spectrum irradiances of objects at different radiation temperatures. This predictive analysis method hopefully intensifies the progress of efforts to reduce the reliance on complex optoelectronic instruments in accurately solving power irradiance information.
  19. Fulltext Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy in Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Islam MA, Alam SS, Kundu S, Ahmed S, Sultana S, Patar A, et al.
    J Clin Med, 2023 Sep 30;12(19).
    PMID: 37834955 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12196311
    The assurance of safety and effectiveness is a significant focal point in all therapeutic approaches. Although mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been identified as a potential novel therapeutic strategy for multiple sclerosis (MS), existing evidence regarding the effectiveness and safety of this strategy remains inconclusive. Thus, the primary aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis (SRMA) was to comprehensively assess the effectiveness and safety of MSC therapy in individuals diagnosed with MS. A comprehensive search was conducted using appropriate keywords in the PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases to determine the eligible studies. The change in the expanded disability status scale (EDSS) score from baseline to follow-up was used to assess MSC efficacy. The effectiveness of the therapy was assessed using a random-effects model, which calculated the combined prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for MS patients who experienced improvement, stability, or worsening of their condition. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020209671). The findings indicate that 40.4% (95% CI: 30.6-50.2) of MS patients exhibited improvements following MSC therapy, 32.8% (95% CI: 25.5-40.1) remained stable, and 18.1% (95% CI: 12.0-24.2) experienced a worsening of their condition. Although no major complications were observed, headaches 57.6 [37.9-77.3] and fever 53.1 [20.7-85.4] were commonly reported as minor adverse events. All of the results reported in this meta-analysis are consistent and credible according to the sensitivity analyses. Regardless of different individual studies, our meta-analysis provides a comprehensive overview showing the potential of MSC therapy as a possible effective treatment strategy for patients with MS.
  20. Fulltext Isolation, genetic characterization, and virulence profiling of different Aeromonas species recovered from moribund hybrid catfish (Clarias spp.)
    Mulia DS, Pratiwi R, Asmara W, Azzam-Sayuti M, Yasin ISM, Isnansetyo A
    Vet World, 2023 Sep;16(9):1974-1984.
    PMID: 37859968 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.1974-1984
    BACKGROUND AND AIM: The high diversity of Aeromonas spp. results in various pathogenicity levels. This group of bacteria causes a serious disease named motile Aeromonas septicemia (MAS) in catfish (Clarias spp.). This study aimed to characterize the species and virulence gene diversity of Aeromonas spp. isolated from diseased catfish.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine Aeromonas spp. were isolated from infected catfish cultivated in Java, Indonesia, and they were identified at the phenotypic and molecular levels (16S rDNA). The virulence genes assessed included aer/haem, alt, ast, flaA, lafA, and fstA.

    RESULTS: Phylogenetic analysis identified nine isolates of Aeromonas spp.: Aeromonas hydrophila (11.11%), Aeromonas caviae (11.11%), Aeromonas veronii bv. veronii (44.44%), and Aeromonas dhakensis (33.33%). Virulence genes, such as aer/haem, alt, ast, flaA, lafA, and fstA, were detected in all isolates at frequencies of approximately 100%, 66.67%, 88.89%, 100%, 55.56%, and 66.67%, respectively. This study is the first report on A. dhakensis recovered from an Indonesian catfish culture. Furthermore, our study revealed the presence of A. veronii bv veronii, a biovar that has not been reported before in Indonesia.

    CONCLUSION: This finding confirms that MAS was caused by multiple species of Aeromonas, notably A. dhakensis and A. veronii bv veronii, within Indonesian fish culture. The presence of these Aeromonas species with multiple virulence genes poses a significant threat to the freshwater aquaculture industry.

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