Displaying publications 41 - 60 of 418 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Fulltext Mesenchymal stromal cells for cartilage repair in osteoarthritis
    Mamidi MK, Das AK, Zakaria Z, Bhonde R
    Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 2016 Aug;24(8):1307-16.
    PMID: 26973328 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2016.03.003
    Treatment for articular cartilage damage is quite challenging as it shows limited repair and regeneration following injury. Non-operative and classical surgical techniques are inefficient in restoring normal anatomy and function of cartilage in osteoarthritis (OA). Thus, investigating new and effective strategies for OA are necessary to establish feasible therapeutic solutions. The emergence of the new discipline of regenerative medicine, having cell-based therapy as its primary focus, may enable us to achieve repair and restore the damaged articular cartilage. This review describes progress and development of employing mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-based therapy as a promising alternative for OA treatment. The objective of this review is to first, discuss how in vitro MSC chondrogenic differentiation mimics in vivo embryonic cartilage development, secondly, to describe various chondrogenic differentiation strategies followed by pre-clinical and clinical studies demonstrating their feasibility and efficacy. However, several challenges need to be tackled before this research can be translated to the clinics. In particular, better understanding of the post-transplanted cell behaviour and learning to enhance their potency in the disease microenvironment is essential. Final objective is to underscore the importance of isolation, storage, cell shipment, route of administration, optimum dosage and control batch to batch variations to realise the full potential of MSCs in OA clinical trials.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Differentiation
  2. Co-culture of mesenchymal-like stromal cells derived from human foreskin permits long term propagation and differentiation of human embryonic stem cells
    Mamidi MK, Pal R, Mori NA, Arumugam G, Thrichelvam ST, Noor PJ, et al.
    J Cell Biochem, 2011 May;112(5):1353-63.
    PMID: 21337383 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.23052
    Among the different parameters governing the successful derivation and expansion of human embryonic stem cells (hESC), feeder layers play the most important role. Human feeders in form of human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) and human foreskin fibroblasts (HFFs) lay the foundation for eradication of animal-derived hESC culture system. In this study we explored the potential of human foreskin derived mesenchymal like stromal cells (HF-MSCs) to support self renewal and pluripotency of hESC. The MSCs isolated from human foreskin were found to be resistant to standard concentrations and duration of mitomycin-C treatment. Growth pattern, gene profiling (Oct-4, Nanog, Sox-2, Rex-1), cytoskeletal protein expression (vimentin, nestin) and tri-lineage differentiation potential into adipocytes, chondrocytes and osteocytes confirmed their mesenchymal stromal cell status. Further, the HF-MSCs were positive for CD105, CD166, CD73, CD44, CD90, SSEA-4, and negative for CD34, CD45, HLA-DR cell-surface markers and were found to exhibit BM-MSC-like characteristics. hESC lines co-cultured with HF-MSC feeders showed expression of expected pluripotent transcription factors Oct-4, Nanog, Sox-2, GDF-3, Rex-1, STELLAR, ABCG2, Dppa5, hTERT; surface markers SSEA-4, TRA-1-81 and maintained their cytogenetic stability during long term passaging. These novel feeders also improved the formation of embryoid bodies (EBs) from hESC which produced cell types representing three germ layers. This culture system has the potential to aid the development of clinical-grade hESCs for regenerative medicine and drug screening. Further, we envisage foreskin can serve as a valuable source of alternative MSCs for specific therapeutic applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Differentiation
  3. Human platelet lysate permits scale-up of dental pulp stromal cells for clinical applications
    Govindasamy V, Ronald VS, Abdullah AN, Ganesan Nathan KR, Aziz ZA, Abdullah M, et al.
    Cytotherapy, 2011 Nov;13(10):1221-33.
    PMID: 21929379 DOI: 10.3109/14653249.2011.602337
    BACKGROUND AIMS. Dental pulp stromal cells (DPSC) are considered to be a promising source of stem cells in the field of regenerative therapy. However, the usage of DPSC in transplantation requires large-scale expansion to cater for the need for clinical quantity without compromising current good manufacturing practice (cGMP). Existing protocols for cell culturing make use of fetal bovine serum (FBS) as a nutritional supplement. Unfortunately, FBS is an undesirable additive to cells because it carries the risk of transmitting viral and prion diseases. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to examine the efficacy of human platelet lysate (HPL) as a substitute for FBS in a large-scale set-up. METHODS. We expanded the DPSC in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium-knock-out (DMEM-KO) with either 10% FBS or 10% HPL, and studied the characteristics of DPSC at pre- (T25 culture flask) and post- (5-STACK chamber) large-scale expansion in terms of their identity, quality, functionality, molecular signatures and cytogenetic stability. RESULTS. In both pre- and post-large-scale expansion, DPSC expanded in HPL showed extensive proliferation of cells (c. 2-fold) compared with FBS; the purity, immune phenotype, colony-forming unit potential and differentiation were comparable. Furthermore, to understand the gene expression profiling, the transcriptomes and cytogenetics of DPSC expanded under HPL and FBS were compared, revealing similar expression profiles. CONCLUSIONS. We present a highly economized expansion of DPSC in HPL, yielding double the amount of cells while retaining their basic characteristics during a shorter time period under cGMP conditions, making it suitable for therapeutic applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Differentiation/drug effects
  4. Differentiation of dental pulp stem cells into islet-like aggregates
    Govindasamy V, Ronald VS, Abdullah AN, Nathan KR, Ab Aziz ZA, Abdullah M, et al.
    J Dent Res, 2011 May;90(5):646-52.
    PMID: 21335539 DOI: 10.1177/0022034510396879
    The post-natal dental pulp tissue contains a population of multipotent mesenchymal progenitor cells known as dental pulp stromal/stem cells (DPSCs), with high proliferative potential for self-renewal. In this investigation, we explored the potential of DPSCs to differentiate into pancreatic cell lineage resembling islet-like cell aggregates (ICAs). We isolated, propagated, and characterized DPSCs and demonstrated that these could be differentiated into adipogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic lineage upon exposure to an appropriate cocktail of differentiating agents. Using a three-step protocol reported previously by our group, we succeeded in obtaining ICAs from DPSCs. The identity of ICAs was confirmed as islets by dithiozone-positive staining, as well as by expression of C-peptide, Pdx-1, Pax4, Pax6, Ngn3, and Isl-1. There were several-fold up-regulations of these transcription factors proportional to days of differentiation as compared with undifferentiated DPSCs. Day 10 ICAs released insulin and C-peptide in a glucose-dependent manner, exhibiting in vitro functionality. Our results demonstrated for the first time that DPSCs could be differentiated into pancreatic cell lineage and offer an unconventional and non-controversial source of human tissue that could be used for autologous stem cell therapy in diabetes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Differentiation
  5. Fulltext Evaluating Feasibility of Human Tissue Engineered Respiratory Epithelium Construct as a Potential Model for Tracheal Mucosal Reconstruction
    Mohd Yunus MH, Rashidbenam Z, Fauzi MB, Bt Hj Idrus R, Bin Saim A
    Molecules, 2021 Nov 06;26(21).
    PMID: 34771136 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216724
    The normal function of the airway epithelium is vital for the host's well-being. Conditions that might compromise the structure and functionality of the airway epithelium include congenital tracheal anomalies, infection, trauma and post-intubation injuries. Recently, the onset of COVID-19 and its complications in managing respiratory failure further intensified the need for tracheal tissue replacement. Thus far, plenty of naturally derived, synthetic or allogeneic materials have been studied for their applicability in tracheal tissue replacement. However, a reliable tracheal replacement material is missing. Therefore, this study used a tissue engineering approach for constructing tracheal tissue. Human respiratory epithelial cells (RECs) were isolated from nasal turbinate, and the cells were incorporated into a calcium chloride-polymerized human blood plasma to form a human tissue respiratory epithelial construct (HTREC). The quality of HTREC in vitro, focusing on the cellular proliferation, differentiation and distribution of the RECs, was examined using histological, gene expression and immunocytochemical analysis. Histological analysis showed a homogenous distribution of RECs within the HTREC, with increased proliferation of the residing RECs within 4 days of investigation. Gene expression analysis revealed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in gene expression level of proliferative and respiratory epithelial-specific markers Ki67 and MUC5B, respectively, within 4 days of investigation. Immunohistochemical analysis also confirmed the expression of Ki67 and MUC5AC markers in residing RECs within the HTREC. The findings show that calcium chloride-polymerized human blood plasma is a suitable material, which supports viability, proliferation and mucin secreting phenotype of RECs, and this suggests that HTREC can be a potential candidate for respiratory epithelial tissue reconstruction.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Differentiation
  6. In Vitro Analyses of Interactions Between Colonic Myofibroblasts and Colorectal Cancer Cells for Anticancer Study
    Musa M, Ouaret D, Bodmer WF
    Anticancer Res, 2020 Nov;40(11):6063-6073.
    PMID: 33109544 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.14627
    BACKGROUND/AIM: Interactions between colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and myofibroblasts govern many processes such as cell growth, migration, invasion and differentiation, and contribute to CRC progression. Robust experimental tests are needed to investigate the nature of these interactions for future anticancer studies. The purpose of the study was to design and validate in vitro assays for studying the communication between myofibroblasts and CRC epithelial cell lines.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: The influence of co-culture of myofibroblasts and CRC cell lines is discussed using various in vitro assays including direct co-culture, transwell assays, Matrigel-based differentiation and cell invasion experiments.

    RESULTS: The results from these in vitro assays clearly demonstrated various aspects of the crosstalk between myofibroblasts and CRC cell lines, which include cell growth, differentiation, migration and invasion.

    CONCLUSION: The reported in vitro assays provide a basis for investigating the factors that control the myofibroblast-epithelial cell interactions in CRC in vivo.

    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Differentiation/drug effects
  7. Fulltext Clinical Potential of Cellular Material Sources in the Generation of iPSC-Based Products for the Regeneration of Articular Cartilage
    Eremeev A, Pikina A, Ruchko Y, Bogomazova A
    Int J Mol Sci, 2023 Sep 22;24(19).
    PMID: 37833856 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914408
    Inflammatory joint diseases, among which osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis are the most common, are characterized by progressive degeneration of the cartilage tissue, resulting in the threat of limited or lost joint functionality in the absence of treatment. Currently, treating these diseases is difficult, and a number of existing treatment and prevention measures are not entirely effective and are complicated by the patients' conditions, the multifactorial nature of the pathology, and an incomplete understanding of the etiology. Cellular technologies based on induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can provide a vast cellular resource for the production of artificial cartilage tissue for replacement therapy and allow the possibility of a personalized approach. However, the question remains whether a number of etiological abnormalities associated with joint disease are transmitted from the source cell to iPSCs and their chondrocyte derivatives. Some data state that there is no difference between the iPSCs and their derivatives from healthy and sick donors; however, there are other data indicating a dissimilarity. Therefore, this topic requires a thorough study of the differentiation potential of iPSCs and the factors influencing it, the risk factors associated with joint diseases, and a comparative analysis of the characteristics of cells obtained from patients. Together with cultivation optimization methods, these measures can increase the efficiency of obtaining cell technology products and make their wide practical application possible.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Differentiation
  8. Fulltext Basal lamina remodeling at the skeletal muscle stem cell niche mediates stem cell self-renewal
    Rayagiri SS, Ranaldi D, Raven A, Mohamad Azhar NIF, Lefebvre O, Zammit PS, et al.
    Nat Commun, 2018 03 14;9(1):1075.
    PMID: 29540680 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03425-3
    A central question in stem cell biology is the relationship between stem cells and their niche. Although previous reports have uncovered how signaling molecules released by niche cells support stem cell function, the role of the extra-cellular matrix (ECM) within the niche is unclear. Here, we show that upon activation, skeletal muscle stem cells (satellite cells) induce local remodeling of the ECM and the deposition of laminin-α1 and laminin-α5 into the basal lamina of the satellite cell niche. Genetic ablation of laminin-α1, disruption of integrin-α6 signaling or blocking matrix metalloproteinase activity impairs satellite cell expansion and self-renewal. Collectively, our findings establish that remodeling of the ECM is an integral process of stem cell activity to support propagation and self-renewal, and may explain the effect laminin-α1-containing supports have on embryonic and adult stem cells, as well as the regenerative activity of exogenous laminin-111 therapy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Differentiation/physiology
  9. Long term mesenchymal stem cell culture on a defined synthetic substrate with enzyme free passaging
    Duffy CR, Zhang R, How SE, Lilienkampf A, De Sousa PA, Bradley M
    Biomaterials, 2014 Jul;35(23):5998-6005.
    PMID: 24780167 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.04.013
    Mesenchymal stems cells (MSCs) are currently the focus of numerous therapeutic approaches in tissue engineering/repair because of their wide multi-lineage potential and their ability to modulate the immune system response following transplantation. Culturing these cells, while maintaining their multipotency in vitro, currently relies on biological substrates such as gelatin, collagen and fibronectin. In addition, harvesting cells from these substrates requires enzymatic or chemical treatment, a process that will remove a multitude of cellular surface proteins, clearly an undesirable process if cells are to be used therapeutically. Herein, we applied a high-throughput 'hydrogel microarray' screening approach to identify thermo-modulatable substrates which can support hES-MP and ADMSC growth, permit gentle reagent free passaging, whilst maintaining multi-lineage potential. In summary, the hydrogel substrate identified, poly(AEtMA-Cl-co-DEAA) cross-linked with MBA, permitted MSCs to be maintained over 10 passages (each time via thermo-modulation), with the cells retaining expression of MSC associated markers and lineage potency. This chemically defined system allowed the passaging and maintenance of cellular phenotype of this clinically important cell type, in the absence of harsh passaging and the need for biological substrates.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Differentiation/physiology
  10. Comparative study on human and bovine AT-SC isolation methods
    Reshak AH, Shahimin MM, Buang F
    Prog Biophys Mol Biol, 2013 Nov;113(2):295-8.
    PMID: 24080186 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2013.09.001
    Mammalian adipose tissue derived stem cells (AT-SC) have a tremendous potential in regenerative medicine for tissue engineering and somatic nuclear transfer (SNT). The isolation methods of human and bovine adipose tissue derived stem cells are compared in this paper to determine the feasibility and optimum method of isolation. The optimum isolation method will reduce the processing time, efforts and money as isolation is the first crucial and important step in stem cells research. Human abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue and bovine abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue are digested in three collagenase type 1 concentration 0.075%, 0.3% and 0.6% agitated at 1 h and 2 h under 37 °C in 5% CO2 incubator. The cultures are then morphologically characterised. Human adipose tissue stem cells are found to be best isolated using abdominal subcutaneous depot, using 0.075% collagenase type 1 agitated at 1 h under 37 °C in CO2 incubator. While bovine adipose tissue derived stem cells are best isolated using abdominal subcutaneous depot, using 0.6% collagenase type 1 agitated at 2 h under 37 °C in CO2 incubator.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Differentiation
  11. Chromosomal Analysis in Lineage-Specific Mouse Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Progenitors
    Yusoff NA, Abd Hamid Z, Chow PW, Shuib S, Taib IS, Budin SB
    Methods Mol Biol, 2024;2736:65-76.
    PMID: 36749486 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2022_477
    Hematopoiesis is maintained throughout life from the hematopoietic stem cell niche in which hematopoietic stem cells and lineage-specific hematopoietic progenitors (HSPCs) reside and regulate hematopoiesis. Meanwhile, HSPCs behavior is modulated by both cell intrinsic (e.g., transcriptional factors) and cell extrinsic (e.g., cytokines) factors. Dysregulation of these factors can alter HSPCs function, leading to disrupted hematopoiesis, cellular changes, and subsequent hematological diseases and malignancies. Moreover, it has been reported that chromosomal aberration (CA) in HSPCs following exposure to carcinogenic or genotoxic agents can initiate leukemia stem cells (LSCs) formation which lays a fundamental mechanism in leukemogenesis. Despite reported studies concerning the chromosomal integrity in HSPCs, CA analysis in lineage-specific HSPCs remains scarce. This indicates a need for a laboratory technique that allows the study of CA in specific HSPCs subpopulations comprising differential hematopoietic lineages. Thus, this chapter focuses on the structural (clastogenicity) and numerical (aneugenicity) form of CA analysis in lineage-specific HSPCs comprised of myeloid, erythroid and lymphoid lineages.In this protocol, we describe how to perform CA analysis in lineage-specific HSPCs derived from freshly isolated mouse bone marrow cells (MBMCs) using the combined techniques of colony-forming unit (CFU) and karyotyping. Prior to CA analysis, lineage-specific HSPCs for myeloid, erythroid, and lymphoid were enriched through colony-forming unit (CFU) assay. CFU assay assesses the proliferative ability and differentiation potential of an individual HSPC within a sample. About 6 to 14 days of cultures are required depending on the type of HSPCs lineage. The optimal duration is crucial to achieve sufficient colony growth that is needed for accurate CFU analysis via morphological identification and colony counting. Then, the CA focusing on clastogenicity and aneugenicity anomalies in respective HSPCs lineage for myeloid, erythroid and Pre-B lymphoid were investigated. The resulted karyotypes were classified according to the types of CA known as Robertsonian (Rb) translocation, hyperploidy or complex. We believe our protocol offers a significant contribution to be utilized as a reference method for chromosomal analysis in lineage-specific HSPCs subpopulations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Differentiation
  12. Transcription factors NFIA and NFIB induce cellular differentiation in high-grade astrocytoma
    Chen KS, Bridges CR, Lynton Z, Lim JWC, Stringer BW, Rajagopal R, et al.
    J Neurooncol, 2020 Jan;146(1):41-53.
    PMID: 31760595 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-019-03352-3
    INTRODUCTION: Malignant astrocytomas are composed of heterogeneous cell populations. Compared to grade IV glioblastoma, low-grade astrocytomas have more differentiated cells and are associated with a better prognosis. Therefore, inducing cellular differentiation to alter the behaviour of high-grade astrocytomas may serve as a therapeutic strategy. The nuclear factor one (NFI) transcription factors are essential for normal astrocytic differentiation. Here, we investigate whether family members NFIA and NFIB act as effectors of cellular differentiation in glioblastoma.

    METHODS: We analysed expression of NFIA and NFIB in mRNA expression data of high-grade astrocytoma and with immunofluorescence co-staining. Furthermore, we induced NFI expression in patient-derived subcutaneous glioblastoma xenografts via in vivo electroporation.

    RESULTS: The expression of NFIA and NFIB is reduced in glioblastoma as compared to lower grade astrocytomas. At a cellular level, their expression is associated with differentiated and mature astrocyte-like tumour cells. In vivo analyses consistently demonstrate that expression of either NFIA or NFIB is sufficient to promote tumour cell differentiation in glioblastoma xenografts.

    CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that both NFIA and NFIB may have an endogenous pro-differentiative function in astrocytomas, similar to their role in normal astrocyte differentiation. Overall, our study establishes a basis for further investigation of targeting NFI-mediated differentiation as a potential differentiation therapy.

    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Differentiation*
  13. Evaluation of human embryonic stem cells and their differentiated fibroblastic progenies as cellular models for in vitro genotoxicity screening
    Vinoth KJ, Manikandan J, Sethu S, Balakrishnan L, Heng A, Lu K, et al.
    J Biotechnol, 2014 Aug 20;184:154-68.
    PMID: 24862194 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.05.009
    This study evaluated human embryonic stem cells (hESC) and their differentiated fibroblastic progenies as cellular models for genotoxicity screening. The DNA damage response of hESCs and their differentiated fibroblastic progenies were compared to a fibroblastic cell line (HEPM, CRL1486) and primary cultures of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), upon exposure to Mitomycin C, gamma irradiation and H2O2. It was demonstrated that hESC-derived fibroblastic progenies (H1F) displayed significantly higher chromosomal aberrations, micronuclei formation and double strand break (DSB) formation, as compared to undifferentiated hESC upon exposure to genotoxic stress. Nevertheless, H1F cell types displayed comparable sensitivities to genotoxic challenge as HEPM and PBL, both of which are representative of somatic cell types commonly used for genotoxicity screening. Subsequently, transcriptomic and pathways analysis identified differential expression of critical genes involved in cell death and DNA damage response upon exposure to gamma irradiation. The results thus demonstrate that hESC-derived fibroblastic progenies are as sensitive as commonly-used somatic cell types for genotoxicity screening. Moreover, hESCs have additional advantages, such as their genetic normality compared to immortalized cell lines, as well as their amenability to scale-up for producing large, standardized quantities of cells for genotoxicity screening on an industrial scale, something which can never be achieved with primary cell cultures.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Differentiation/drug effects*; Cell Differentiation/radiation effects
  14. Fulltext Metabolic maturation of differentiating cardiosphere-derived cells
    Pakzad KK, Tan JJ, Anderson S, Board M, Clarke K, Carr CA
    Stem Cell Res, 2021 07;54:102422.
    PMID: 34118565 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2021.102422
    Cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) can be expanded in vitro and induced to differentiate along the cardiac lineage. To recapitulate the phenotype of an adult cardiomyocyte, differentiating progenitors need to upregulate mitochondrial glucose and fatty acid oxidation. Here we cultured and differentiated CDCs using protocols aimed to maintain stemness or to promote differentiation, including triggering fatty acid oxidation using an agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα). Metabolic changes were characterised in undifferentiated CDCs and during differentiation towards a cardiac phenotype. CDCs from rat atria were expanded on fibronectin or collagen IV via cardiosphere formation. Differentiation was assessed using flow cytometry and qPCR and substrate metabolism was quantified using radiolabelled substrates. Collagen IV promoted proliferation of CDCs whereas fibronectin primed cells for differentiation towards a cardiac phenotype. In both populations, treatment with 5-Azacytidine induced a switch towards oxidative metabolism, as shown by changes in gene expression, decreased glycolytic flux and increased oxidation of glucose and palmitate. Addition of a PPARα agonist during differentiation increased both glucose and fatty acid oxidation and expression of cardiac genes. We conclude that oxidative metabolism and cell differentiation act in partnership with increases in one driving an increase in the other.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Differentiation
  15. Mixed-ligand copper(II) complex of quercetin regulate osteogenesis and angiogenesis
    Vimalraj S, Rajalakshmi S, Raj Preeth D, Vinoth Kumar S, Deepak T, Gopinath V, et al.
    Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2018 Feb 01;83:187-194.
    PMID: 29208278 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.09.005
    Copper(II) complex of quercetin Cu+Q, mixed ligand complexes, quercetin-Cu(II)-phenanthroline [Cu+Q(PHt)] and quercetin-Cu(II)-neocuproine [Cu+Q(Neo)] have been synthesized and characterized. From the FT-IR spectroscopic studies, it was evident that C-ring of quercetin is involved in the metal chelation in all the three copper complexes. C-ring chelation was further proven by UV-Visible spectra and the presence of Cu(II) from EPR spectroscopic investigations. These complexes were found to have osteogenic and angiogenic properties, observed through in vitro osteoblast differentiation and chick embryo angiogenesis assay. In osteoblast differentiation, quercetin-Cu(II) complexes treatment increased calcium deposition and alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) activity at the cellular level and stimulated Runx2 mRNA and protein, ALP mRNA and type 1 collagen mRNA expression at the molecular level. Among the complexes, Q+Cu(PHt) showed more effects on osteoblast differentiation when compared to that of other two copper complexes. Additionally, Q+Cu(Neo) showed more effect compared to Q+Cu. Furthermore, the effect of these complexes on osteoblast differentiation was confirmed by the expression of osteoblast specific microRNA, pre-mir-15b. The chick embryo angiogenesis assay showed that angiogenic parameters such as blood vessel length, size and junctions were stimulated by these complexes. Thus, the present study demonstrated that quercetin copper(II) complexes exhibit as a pharmacological agent for the orthopedic application.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Differentiation/drug effects
  16. Fulltext Cellular function of satellite cells does not play a role in muscle weakness of adult Ts1Cje mice
    Lim, Chai Ling, Usman Bala, Leong, Melody Pui-Yee, Johnson Stanslas, Rajesh Ramasamy, Ling, King-Hwa, et al.
    Neuroscience Research Notes, 2018;1(1):3-10.
    MyJurnal
    Down syndrome (DS) is a genetic condition resulting from triplication of human chromosome (HSA)21. Besides intellectual disability, DS is frequently associated with hypotonia. Satellite cells are the resident cells that provides robust and remarkable regenerative capacity to the skeletal muscles, and its population size has been reported to be disease-associated. However, little is known about the population size of satellite cells in DS and the association of its intrinsic cellular functionality and hypotonia seen in DS. Here, we studied the Ts1Cje mouse, a DS murine model displays the muscle weakness characteristic. Satellite cell populations were immunostained with Pax7 and myonuclei numbers in the Ts1Cje extensor digitorum longus muscle were assessed. Their cellular function was further determined via in vitro assay in high-serum conditioned medium. Subsequently, the in vitro self-renewal, proliferative, and differentiation activities of these myogenic precursor cells were assessed after 24, 48, and 72h using Pax7, MyoD, and Ki67 immunomarkers. Our results showed that the population and functionality of Ts1Cje satellite cell did not differ significantly when compared to the wildtype cells isolated from disomic littermates. In conclusion, our findings indicated that intrinsic cellular functionality of the satellite cells, do not contribute to muscle weakness in Ts1Cje mouse.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Differentiation
  17. Identification of biomarkers for periodontal disease using the immunoproteomics approach
    Kerishnan JP, Mohammad S, Alias MS, Mu AK, Vaithilingam RD, Baharuddin NA, et al.
    PeerJ, 2016;4:e2327.
    PMID: 27635317 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2327
    Periodontitis is one of the most common oral diseases associated with the host's immune response against periodontopathogenic infection. Failure to accurately diagnose the stage of periodontitis has limited the ability to predict disease status. Therefore, we aimed to look for reliable diagnostic markers for detection or differentiation of early stage periodontitis using the immunoprotemic approach.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Differentiation
  18. Morphological and genetical changes of endothelial progenitor cells after in-vitro conversion into photoreceptors
    Qiang S, Alsaeedi HA, Yuhong C, Yang H, Tong L, Kumar S, et al.
    J. Photochem. Photobiol. B, Biol., 2018 Jun;183:127-132.
    PMID: 29704860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.04.003
    BACKGROUND: Retinal degeneration is a condition ensued by various ocular disorders such as artery occlusion, diabetic retinopathy, retrolental fibroplasia and retinitis pigmentosa which cause abnormal loss of photoreceptor cells and lead to eventual vision impairment. No efficient treatment has yet been found, however, the use of stem cell therapy such as bone marrow and embryonic stem cells has opened a new treatment modality for retinal degenerative diseases. The major goal of this study is to analyze the potential of endothelial progenitor cells derived from bone marrow to differentiate into retinal neural cells for regenerative medicine purposes.

    METHODS: In this study, endothelial progenitor cells were induced in-vitro with photoreceptor growth factor (taurine) for 21 days. Subsequently, the morphology and gene expression of CRX and RHO of the photoreceptors-induced EPCs were examined through immunostaining assay.

    FINDINGS: The results indicated that the induced endothelial progenitor cells demonstrated positive gene expression of CRX and RHO. Our findings suggested that EPC cells may have a high advantage in cell replacement therapy for treating eye disease, in addition to other neural diseases, and may be a suitable cell source in regenerative medicine for eye disorders.

    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Differentiation
  19. Valproic acid: growth inhibition of head and neck cancer by induction of terminal differentiation and senescence
    Gan CP, Hamid S, Hor SY, Zain RB, Ismail SM, Wan Mustafa WM, et al.
    Head Neck, 2012 Mar;34(3):344-53.
    PMID: 21438066 DOI: 10.1002/hed.21734
    There are limited studies on the effects of drugs that modulate epigenetic regulation for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). This study determined the effect of valproic acid (VPA) on HNSCC.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Differentiation/drug effects*
  20. Alterations of the p14ARF-p53-MDM2 pathway in oral squamous cell carcinoma: MDM2 overexpression is a common event
    Lim KP, Sharifah H, Lau SH, Teo SH, Cheong SC
    Oncol Rep, 2005 Oct;14(4):963-8.
    PMID: 16142358 DOI: 10.3892/or.14.4.963
    The majority of global incidences of oral cancer occur in Asia, and the aetiology of oral cancer is different in Asia as it is in the West. However, whereas there is a growing understanding of the molecular mechanisms of oral cancer progression in the West, there is little progress in this understanding in Asia. In particular, the role of the p53 pathway in modulating cancer progression in Asian oral cancer remains unclear. In this study, we micro-dissected and analysed 20 well-differentiated oral squamous cell carcinoma specimens for alterations in the p53 pathway. We found that 6/20 samples contained mutations in the p53 gene which occurred in three hotspots, at codon 203, 218 and 296. Furthermore, 6/20 samples had a homozygous deletion of p14ARF, but notably p14ARF deletion and p53 mutation events were often independent and mutually exclusive. Strikingly, MDM2 was upregulated in 20/20 samples, but not in 3/3 normal tissue specimens. Taken together, these data suggest that inactivation of the p53 pathway is a frequent event in oral squamous cell carcinoma, which occurs by an aberration in one of a number of players in the p53 pathway.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Differentiation
Related Terms
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links