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Fulltext The construct validity and internal consistency of the postgraduate stressor questionnaire among postgraduate medical trainees

Muhamad Saiful Bahri Yusoff

Education in Medicine Journal, 2010;2(1):22-29.
MyJurnal

Objective: To determine the construct validity and the internal consistency of the Postgraduate Stressor Questionnaire (PSQ) among postgraduate medical trainees hence it could be used as a valid and reliable instrument to identify stressors among them.

Methods: Items of the PSQ were derived from a review of literature on the subject and a discussion with experts in the field. It comprised of 28 items with seven hypothetical groups. The content and face validity was established through discussion with experts from field of Medical Education and Psychiatry. It was administered to all participants (N = 34) of postgraduate personal and professional development programme in a Malaysian university. Data was analysed using Statistical Package Social Sciences (SPSS) version 18. Factor analysis was applied to test construct validity whereas reliability analysis was applied to test internal consistency of the PSQ.

Results: Thirty three postgraduate medical trainees participated in this study. Factor analysis found that the 28 items of the PSQ were loaded nicely into the seven pre-determined groups as their factor loading values were more than 0.3. The reliability analysis showed that the Cronbach's alpha value for The PSQ was 0.95. Whereas, The Cronbach's alpha values for academic, poor relationship with superior, bureaucratic constraints, work-family conflicts, poor relationship with colleagues, performance pressure, and poor job prospect domains were 0.63, 0.84, 0.81, 0.65, 0.73, 0.78, and 0.70 respectively.

Conclusion: This study showed that the PSQ is a reliable and valid instrument to identify stressors of postgraduate medical trainees. It is a promising instrument that can be used in future to explore further on this area.

Matched MeSH terms: Factor Analysis, Statistical
Fulltext Validation of the Bahasa Malaysia version of the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situation

Ramli, M., Mohd Ariff, F., Khalid, Y., Rosnani, S.

Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 2008;17(2):1-8.
MyJurnal

Introduction: There is an appealing need to have a validated Bahasa Malaysia (BM) questionnaire that is able to gauge stress coping styles among Malaysian population. A culturally accepted questionnaire will generate further research in the aspect of stress coping patterns in the Malaysia population. Objective: To translate the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS) questionnaire into BM and to determine the construct validity, reliability and other psychometric properties of the translated BM version of the English CISS 48-item. Method: Two parallel forward and backward translations were done in BM in accordance to guideline and its validation was determined by using confirmatory factor analysis among 200 Malaysian subjects. Results: The BM CISS had very good Cronbach’s alpha values, 0.91, 0.89 and 0.85 respectively for Task-, Emotional- and Avoidance-oriented. The overall Cronbach’s alpha was 0.91. It also had good factor loading for most of its items where 44 items out of 48 had Confirmatory Factor Analysis values of more than 4.0. Conclusions: BM CISS had been adequately and correctly translated into Bahasa Malaysia with high psychometric properties. Minimal readjustment may be required in a few of its items to obtain excellent results.

Matched MeSH terms: Factor Analysis, Statistical
Fulltext Psychometric profile of Malaysian version of the depressive, anxiety and stress scale 42-item (DASS-42)

Ramli, M., Aidil Faszrul, A.R., Rosnani, S.

Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 2012;21(1):0-0.
MyJurnal

Background: The Malay short version of Depressive Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) has been widely used as a tool to measure psychological parameters in studies in Malaysia. The version has been found to be reliable for clinical and non-clinical populations. Objectives: To analyse and establish the psychometric properties of the Malay version of the DASS 42-item (BM DASS-42) among medical students. Methods: Concurrent forward and backward translations of original English DASS-42 were completed. Construct validity of the DASS-42 was established by looking at its exploratory factor analysis. Malay DASS-42 and Malay HADS were administered to a total of 411 medical students. Results: Reliability of DASS-
42 revealed excellent Cronbach’s alpha values of 0.94, 0.90 and 0.87 for depressive, anxiety and stress domains respectively. Construct validity yielded 38 items out of 42 items (90%) had good factor loadings of 0.4 and more. DASS and HADS were strongly correlated for both anxiety (r=0.87) and depression (r=0.68) domains. Conclusions: The BM DASS-42 had admirable psychometric properties among the tested population. Further studies are needed to verify these preliminary outcomes in other Malaysian subjects.

Matched MeSH terms: Factor Analysis, Statistical
Fulltext The malay-translated version of the Aggression Questionnaire (AQ): the validity and the identification of types of aggression among female prisoners

Nurul Hazrina Mazlan, Affizal Ahmad

ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, 2012;13(2):146-156.
MyJurnal

Objectives: The aim of this study is to validate the Malay version of the Aggression Questionnaire (AQ) for the purpose of the future study related to aggression. Furthermore, the study seeks to identify types of aggression hold by the female inmates.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed involving 90 Malaysian female prisoners. The analyses include descriptive analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and reliability testing. After one-week interval, a test-retest was conducted.

Results: The preliminary analysis confirmed that factor analysis was appropriate for the Malay-translated version of the AQ. The four factors structure was assessed but the factor loadings are remarkable different from the original versions. The total Cronbach's alpha coefficients is very high (α= 0.91). The Pearson's correlation however is low (r = 0.48) but acceptable for the instrument. Reliability of the subscales and the factors were also found satisfactory. Consequently, anger and hostility were identified as the most common types of aggression among the participants, followed by verbal aggression. In contrast, physical aggression was the least scored type of aggression.

Conclusion: The Malay-translated version of the AQ was found to be valid and reliable to be used in future studies.

Matched MeSH terms: Factor Analysis, Statistical
Fulltext Confirmatory factor analysis of value management current practice in the Nigerian construction industry

Bruno Lot Tanko, Fadhlin Abdullah, Zuhaili Mohamad Ramly, Wallace Imoudu Enegbuma

Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology, 2017;9(1):32-41.
MyJurnal

Value management explicitly targets to optimize value by providing necessary
functions at the least cost without sacrificing quality and performance. However, the
activities/methods of this technique in emerging economies are here and there
related to informal methodology. Therefore, the occurrence of these activities in an
evolving economy requires investigation. The exploration of the extent to which the
measured variables influenced the latent factors informed the need for this study.
Data was retrieved via self-administered questionnaire from 344 registered and
practicing construction professionals in Nigeria. The data was analyzed using SPSS for
descriptive analysis and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin
measure of sampling adequacy revealed that the internal consistency of the
developed research instrument was appropriate. Confirmatory factor analysis
indicates satisfactory goodness of fit among acknowledged determinants of the
model. Furthermore, the study revealed three (3) phases of the activities/methods of
value management in the Nigerian construction industry which include: information,
information/function analysis, and creativity/evaluation/development/presentation
phases. This means that value management activities and methods are being
practiced in Nigeria, however not as per the typical methodology or standard. The
need to carry out the practice according to the formal value management
methodology is therefore recommended.

Matched MeSH terms: Factor Analysis, Statistical
Fulltext Performance of women entrepreneurs: a result on formation of human capital and emulous factors

Nor Azira Ayob, Sity Daud, Nurul Nadia Abu Hassan

Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2018;3(3):173-188.
MyJurnal

Human resource development comprises skills, abilities, creativity and talent are amongst factors in
human capital as well as emulous aspect. Hence, the emphasis on human capital development and
emulous aspect is important to become a good leader for family, community and country. It is also
important in ensuring entrepreneurs can compete in market economy today and they are able to meet
customer demand. Thus, the objectives are the emphasis on the factors that are able to contribute in
improving human capital and emulous of women. This is because, the right factor will enable the government to carry out in accordance with the factors that have been identified. In obtaining the
factors contribute to human capital development, the survey method was conducted on 145 respondents
among Bumiputera women entrepreneurs in Melaka state and supported with qualitative data from 10
informants. The findings through exploratory factor analysis found that there are four main factors that
contribute to human capital development among Bumiputera women entrepreneurs which are
education and training, experience, social support and creativity, while three main factors that
contribute to emulous among Bumiputera women entrepreneurs are financial assistance, facilities and
infrastructure and commitment. Thus, the government is advised to emphasize on education and
training as well as financial assistance to improve their abilities on human capital and emulous that is
appropriate to support the women entrepreneurs need to increase their performance.

Matched MeSH terms: Factor Analysis, Statistical
Fulltext Development, validation and translation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and automated external defibrillator training and placement bilingual questionnaire

Chew KS, Liaw SY, Ahmad Zahedi AZ, Wong SSL, Singmamae N, Kaushal DN, et al.

BMC Res Notes, 2019 Oct 21;12(1):670.
PMID: 31639035 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-019-4698-x

OBJECTIVES: This paper describes the development and translation of a questionnaire purported to measure (1) the perception of the placement strategy of automated external defibrillator, (2) the perception on the importance of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation and automated external defibrillator (3) the perception on the confidence and willingness to apply these two lifesaving interventions as well as (4) the fears and concerns in applying these two interventions. For construct validation, exploratory factor analysis was performed using principal axis factoring and promax oblique rotation and confirmatory factor analysis performed using partial least square.
RESULTS: Five factors with eigenvalue > 1 were identified. Pattern matrix analysis showed that all items were loaded into the factors with factor loading > 0.4. One item was subsequently removed as Cronbach's alpha > 0.9 which indicates redundancy. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated acceptable factor loadings except for one item which was subsequently removed. Internal consistency and discriminant validity was deemed acceptable with no significant cross-loading.

Matched MeSH terms: Factor Analysis, Statistical
Towards identifying indigenous personality dimensions of the Malaysian people

Khairul AM, Hassan Z, Kasan H, Idris F, Mohamad Mohsin MS, Fatin HS

Jurnal Psikologi Malaysia, 2015;olume 29:83-93.

The indigenous personality dimensions of the Malaysian people were investigated by examining: (a) the trait adjective nouns provided by the cultural informants; (b) factor analyses of the items and factors capturing the personality trait adjectives. University undergraduate students of different racial background (N= 250) completed an open ended questionnaire about common personality trait adjectives and their associated behavioral exemplars. More than 20 desirable and non-desirable personality trait adjectives were identified through the open-ended questionnaire After selecting and refining the most frequently cited personality trait adjectives, items were developed based on the given behavioral and situational examples. In the following study, 1087 other university students completed the personality questionnaire. We combined the items of desirable and undesirable traits and factor analyze the 419 items in a series of incremental factor rotations. Congruence indices suggest the existence 4 factors of personality dimension. Good reliability and interpretable factors provide sufficient support for the indigenous dimensions of personality traits among Malaysians. Further comprehensive study involving relating the dimensions to the universal model of personality is recommended.

Matched MeSH terms: Factor Analysis, Statistical
Application of factor analysis in geochemical fractions of heavy metals in the surface sediments of the offshore and intertidal areas of Peninsular Malaysia

Yap C

Sains Malaysiana, 2012;41:389-394.

In this study, heavy metal data (including four geochemical fractions) from offshore and intertidal sediments collected off the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia were analyzed using factor analysis. A similarity was found when comparing between offshore and intertidal sediments, where out of the 20 variables, five factors (resistant Cu, total Cu, resistant Pb, total Pb and total Zn) could be clearly selected on the basis of their high loadings as derived by factor analysis in both sediment sampling areas. However, the statistical outputs based on the present study using factor analysis cannot be practically acceptable mainly because the resistant fractions are not of anthropogenic origins and ecotoxicologists are more concern on the anthropogenic ones. Only a modification using a specific normalizing agent such as the nonresistant fraction, should be tested to show feasibility of the contribution of anthropogenic sources in the two sampling areas. However, a more comprehensive metal monitoring data should be compiled to complement the results obtainable from factor analysis, before a valid Malaysian Marine Sediment Pollution Index or Sediment Quality Guidelines, can be proposed to be established.

Matched MeSH terms: Factor Analysis, Statistical
Fulltext Analisis faktor instrumen penyelesaian masalah teknologikal: kajian di sekolah rendah daerah Miri

Anna F, Sabariah S, Wong WK, Mariappan M

Jurnal Psikologi Malaysia, 2018;32:1-11.

The purpose of this study is to verify the constructs found in the technological problem solving instrument. The instrument used to measure the technological problem solving is the Technology Problem Solving Inventory (PSI-TECH), derived from the original instrument PSI-PSYCH which consists of three constructs. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA); KaiserMeyer-Olkin (KMO) and Barlett's analysis were applied for factor analysis in the validity and reliability of the PSI-TECH instrument. The minimum weighting factor is 0.60, used as the cut off value for factor loading. Meanwhile, the Cronbach alpha value 0.70 and above is considered reliable in this study. A total of 102 primary school students, 12 years old were randomly selected among Miri district primary school students in Sarawak. After the survey was carried out, the results of the analysis confirmed that there were three constructs that had been successfully extracted as described in the original PSI-TECH. However, 4 items were dropped from the list. The results of the analysis can provide guidance to researchers in developing this technological problem solving questionnaire, since demographics and geographies tested were diverse. As a result, the findings provide guidance to local researchers in using these instruments.

Matched MeSH terms: Factor Analysis, Statistical
Fulltext Teachers' burnout: A SEM analysis in an Asian context

Prasojo LD, Habibi A, Mohd Yaakob MF, Pratama R, Yusof MR, Mukminin A, et al.

Heliyon, 2020 Jan;6(1):e03144.
PMID: 31938746 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e03144

Researchers in educational psychology have researched Teacher Self-Concept (TSC) and Teacher Efficacy (TE) as two main predictors predicting burnout. Guided by a model developed by Zhu, Liu, Fu, Yang, Zhang & Shi (2018), the researchers aimed at building a model involving TSC, TE, and three components of burnout; Emotional Exhaustion (EE), Depersonalization (DP), and Reduced Personal Accomplishment (RPA) through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The researchers investigated predicting factors of burnout by reporting TSC and TE that might directly affect the components and examine the probability of TE to become a mediator of the correlation between TSC and burnout. This research also examined whether the difference emerges constantly among demographic information (gender and teaching experience) regarding all involved variables. A sample of 876 teachers across three Indonesian provinces completed a printed form of questionnaires. Some statistical procedures namely Content Validity Index (CVI), Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), Covariance-Based Structural Equation Modeling (CB-SEM), and t-test were conducted. Findings informed that the model is valid and reliable. TSC could directly affect EE, DE, and RPA, as well as indirectly influence them mediated by TE. Besides, TE is also reported to have significant relationships with EE, DE, and RPA. No significant differences in terms of age and teaching experiences emerge, except for EE.

Matched MeSH terms: Factor Analysis, Statistical
The dataset for the stages of concerns of public-school teachers towards the use of e-learning platform: Malaysian context

He YZ, Yusop FD

Data Brief, 2020 Apr;29:105230.
PMID: 32123703 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.105230

This dataset contains demographic information of 355 respondents and a validated 32-items Stages of Concerns Questionnaire (SoCQ). The SoCQ questionnaire was developed based on the Concerns-Based Adoption Model (CBAM) which measures seven stages of concerns as the variables. They are unconcerned, informational, personal, management, consequence, collaboration and refocusing. The data was firstly tested with normality, followed by validity checking using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). It is useful for policy makers and stakeholders to have a thorough understanding about teachers' concerns on the use of the e-learning platform and thus, design suitable interventions to smoothen the adoption process of using the technology. This set of data could be used in a multi-racial developing country for more complex analyses.

Matched MeSH terms: Factor Analysis, Statistical
Fulltext Data relating to factors affecting teachers' burnout: A sem analysis in an Asian context

Prasojo LD, Habibi A, Yaakob MFM, Pratama R, Yusof MR, Mukminin A, et al.

Data Brief, 2020 Jun;30:105448.
PMID: 32309526 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.105448

The dataset presents the relationship between Teacher Self-Concept (TSC) and Teacher Efficacy (TE) as the predictors predicting burnout. Three components of burnout involved are Emotional Exhaustion (EE), Depersonalization (DP), and Reduced Personal Accomplishment (RPA). Various statistical approaches such as Content Validity Index (CVI), Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), Covariance-Based Structural Equation Modeling (CB-SEM) were addressed. Eight hundred seventy six Indonesian teachers form 3 provinces were willing to get involved by filling in the instrument. The data can be used for the educational institutions and centers to issue policies overcoming burnout among teachers, teachers to understand factors affecting their burnout, and future researchers extend the model offered by this dataset. This dataset is co-submitted from Heliyon entitled "Teachers' burnout: A SEM analysis in an Asian context" [1].

Matched MeSH terms: Factor Analysis, Statistical
Fulltext A Malaysian version of learning space preferences: a validation study

Sim JH, Foong CC, Pallath V, Hong WH, Vadivelu J

Int J Med Educ, 2021 May 27;12:86-93.
PMID: 34049286 DOI: 10.5116/ijme.6082.7c41

Objectives: This study aimed to validate a Malaysian version of a revised learning space questionnaire, as well as to test the utility of the revised questionnaire as a tool to investigate learning space preferences in a Malaysian medical school.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional survey. A convenient sample of 310 preclinical students of a public medical school in Malaysia were invited to participate. Validation data were collected using a revised 40-item, 5-point Likert scale learning space questionnaire. The questionnaires were administered online via a student e-learning platform. Data analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS version 24. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted to examine the factor structure of the revised questionnaire to provide evidence for construct validity. To assess the internal consistency of the revised questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha coefficients (α) were computed across all the items as well as for items within each of the factor.
Results: A total of 223 (71.94%) preclinical students completed and returned the questionnaire. In the final analysis, exploratory factor analysis with principal axis factoring and an oblimin rotation identified a six-factor, 20-item factor solution. Reliability analysis reported good internal consistency for the revised questionnaire, with an overall Cronbach's alpha of 0.845, and Cronbach's alpha ranging from 0.800 to 0.925 for the six factors.
Conclusions: This study established evidence for the construct validity and internal consistency of the revised questionnaire. The revised questionnaire appears to have utility as an instrument to investigate learning space preferences in Malaysian medical schools.

Matched MeSH terms: Factor Analysis, Statistical
Fulltext Reliability and construct validity of the malay version of the depression anxiety stress scales (dass) in automotive assembly workers in Malaysia

Edimansyah, B.A., Rusli, B.N., Naing, L.

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2007;7(1):25-30.
MyJurnal

To examine the reliability and construct validity of the Malay Version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS), a validation study was conducted in 184 automotive assembly workers. The internal consistency and construct validity were assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient
and exploratory factor analysis. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients for DASS-Depression, DASS-Anxiety and DASS-Stress were 0.91, 0.88 and j 0.89, respectively, indicating satisfactory internal consistency Exploratory factor analysis showed three meaningful common factors that could
explain the three theoretical constructs of this instrument. These results suggested that the Malay version DASS is reliable and valid for assessing, the self perceived depression, anxiety and stress among Malaysian automotive workers.
Study site: Two automotive assembly plants, Pahang, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Factor Analysis, Statistical
Fulltext Associations between health literacy and sociodemographic factors: A cross-sectional study in Malaysia utilising the HLS-M-Q18

Azlan AA, Hamzah MR, Tham JS, Ayub SH, Ahmad AL, Mohamad E

Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021 05 02;18(9).
PMID: 34063294 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094860

Health literacy is progressively seen as an indicator to describe a nation's health status. To improve health literacy, countries need to address health inequalities by examining different social demographic factors across the population. This assessment is crucial to identify and evaluate the strengths and limitations of a country in addressing health issues. By addressing these health inequalities, a country would be better informed to take necessary steps to improve the nation's health literacy. This study examines health literacy levels in Malaysia and analyses socio-demographic factors that are associated with health literacy. A cross-sectional survey was carried out using the HLS-M-Q18 instrument, which was validated for the Malaysian population. Multi-stage random sampling strategy was used in this study, utilising several sampling techniques including quota sampling, cluster sampling, and simple random sampling to allow random data collection. A total of 855 respondents were sampled. Our results showed that there were significant associations between health literacy and age, health status, and health problems. Our findings also suggest that lower health literacy levels were associated with the younger generation. This study's findings have provided baseline data on Malaysians' health literacy and provide evidence showing potential areas of intervention.

Matched MeSH terms: Factor Analysis, Statistical
Fulltext Factors influencing consumption decision of fresh fruits from Malaysia: A case of foreign nationals in Malaysia

Suntharalingam, C., Terano, R.

International Food Research Journal, 2017;24(4):1437-1444.
MyJurnal

This study was carried out as a move to increase Malaysia’s fruit exports. The purpose of this
study was to identify factors that influence the consumption decision of foreign nationals in
Malaysia as move to understand their behavior and pattern in purchasing fresh fruits from
Malaysia. This study was carried out in Malaysia among foreign nationals and it was found
to be the first of its nature to be carried out in Malaysia. A total of eighty three respondents
participated in six focus group discussions. Data was analyzed via exploratory factor analysis
which is commonly used in examining consumer preferences and behavior. The three factors
identified in influencing the consumption decision of Malaysian fresh fruits among foreign
nationals were (1) price and fruit intrinsic attributes; (2) fruit physical aspects and uniqueness;
and (3) occasion, familiarity and user status.

Matched MeSH terms: Factor Analysis, Statistical
Fulltext Adolescent Connectedness: Testing Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Hemingway: Measure of Adolescent Connectedness-Bahasa Melayu Version (HMAC-BM)

Mohd Khatib NA, Roseliza-Murni A, Mohd Hoesni S, Manap J

Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2022 Sep 26;19(19).
PMID: 36231492 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912189

Measuring the factors that underlie adolescent connectedness has become a prominent focused issue in past studies across many disciplines. Thus far, the Hemingway: Measure of Adolescent Connectedness (HMAC) is the first research-based measure of adolescent's relationship and sense of belonging with other people and their surroundings. The current study aimed to examine the measurement model of the Hemingway: Measure of Adolescent Connectedness which has been translated into Bahasa Melayu (HMAC-BM) in order to check for its feasibility among Malaysian adolescents. A total of 377 adolescents aged 16 years old were recruited from the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur. Three factors, namely connectedness to family, school, and neighbors with seven sub-factors of the HMAC-BM, were analyzed by Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) using the IBM SPSS Amos 23.0 (23.0, IBM Technology, Armonk, NY, USA). Results of the CFA supported the second-order factor of the HMAC-BM structures. The overall HMAC-BM scale and its subscales have higher factor loadings ranging from 0.60 to 0.79. Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranged from 0.78 to 0.95 for the three subscales and 0.84 for the total scale. Results also revealed seven sub-factors with forty-one factors-solution that accounted for 0.89% of total variance explained for adolescent connectedness. Findings provide empirical support for the feasibility of HMAC-BM in explaining Malaysian adolescents' social connectedness. Hence, the HMAC-BM is a promising measure that can be used on Malaysian adolescents. The findings have important implications which provide a clear picture of HMAC-BM as an accurate instrument to measure adolescent's social connectedness toward enhancing prosocial attitudes and well-being.

Matched MeSH terms: Factor Analysis, Statistical
Fulltext An inventory of human light exposure behaviour

Siraji MA, Lazar RR, van Duijnhoven J, Schlangen LJM, Haque S, Kalavally V, et al.

Sci Rep, 2023 Dec 13;13(1):22151.
PMID: 38092767 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48241-y

Light exposure is an essential driver of health and well-being, and individual behaviours during rest and activity modulate physiologically relevant aspects of light exposure. Further understanding the behaviours that influence individual photic exposure patterns may provide insight into the volitional contributions to the physiological effects of light and guide behavioural points of intervention. Here, we present a novel, self-reported and psychometrically validated inventory to capture light exposure-related behaviour, the Light Exposure Behaviour Assessment (LEBA). An expert panel prepared the initial 48-item pool spanning different light exposure-related behaviours. Responses, consisting of rating the frequency of engaging in the per-item behaviour on a five-point Likert-type scale, were collected in an online survey yielding responses from a geographically unconstrained sample (690 completed responses, 74 countries, 28 time zones). The exploratory factor analysis (EFA) on an initial subsample (n = 428) rendered a five-factor solution with 25 items (wearing blue light filters, spending time outdoors, using a phone and smartwatch in bed, using light before bedtime, using light in the morning and during daytime). In a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) performed on an independent subset of participants (n = 262), we removed two additional items to attain the best fit for the five-factor solution (CFI = 0.95, TLI = 0.95, RMSEA = 0.06). The internal consistency reliability coefficient for the total instrument yielded McDonald's Omega = 0.68. Measurement model invariance analysis between native and non-native English speakers showed our model attained the highest level of invariance (residual invariance CFI = 0.95, TLI = 0.95, RMSEA = 0.05). Lastly, a short form of the LEBA (n = 18 items) was developed using Item Response Theory on the complete sample (n = 690). The psychometric properties of the LEBA indicate the usability for measuring light exposure-related behaviours. The instrument may offer a scalable solution to characterise behaviours that influence individual photic exposure patterns in remote samples. The LEBA inventory is available under the open-access CC-BY license. Instrument webpage: https://leba-instrument.org/ GitHub repository containing this manuscript: https://github.com/leba-instrument/leba-manuscript .

Matched MeSH terms: Factor Analysis, Statistical
Fulltext Validating an Instrument for Measuring Newly Graduated Nurses' Adaptation

Baharum H, Ismail A, Awang Z, McKenna L, Ibrahim R, Mohamed Z, et al.

Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2023 Feb 06;20(4).
PMID: 36833559 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042860

A long-established approach, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) is used to validate measurement models of latent constructs. Employing CFA can be useful for assessing the validity and reliability of such models. The study adapted previous instruments and modified them to suit the current setting. The new measurement model is termed NENA-q. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) revealed the instruments of the NENA-q model formed a construct of the second order with four dimensions, namely organizational contribution (OC), academic institution contribution (AIC), personality traits (PT), and newly employed nurses' adaptation (NENA). Researchers administered the questionnaires to a sample of 496 newly employed nurses working in hospitals under the Ministry of Health (MOH) for the confirmation of the extracted dimensions. The study performed a two-step CFA procedure to validate NENA-q since the model involves higher-order constructs. The first step was individual CFA, while the second step was pooled CFA. The validation procedure through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) found the model achieved the threshold of construct validity through fitness index assessment. The model also achieved convergent validity when all average variance extracted (AVE) exceeded the threshold value of greater than 0.5. The assessment of the composite reliability (CR) value indicates all CR values exceeded the threshold value of 0.6, which indicates the construct achieved composite reliability. Overall, the NENA-q model consisting of the OC construct, AIC construct, PT construct, and NENA construct for CFA has met the fitness indexes and passed the measurements of the AVE, CR, and normality test. Once the measurement models have been validated through CFA procedure, the researcher can assemble these constructs into structural model and estimate the required parameter through structural equation modelling (SEM) procedure.

Matched MeSH terms: Factor Analysis, Statistical

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