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Fulltext Graphene Oxide-Gold Nanosheets Containing Chitosan Scaffold Improves Ventricular Contractility and Function After Implantation into Infarcted Heart

Saravanan S, Sareen N, Abu-El-Rub E, Ashour H, Sequiera GL, Ammar HI, et al.

Sci Rep, 2018 10 10;8(1):15069.
PMID: 30305684 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33144-0

Abnormal conduction and improper electrical impulse propagation are common in heart after myocardial infarction (MI). The scar tissue is non-conductive therefore the electrical communication between adjacent cardiomyocytes is disrupted. In the current study, we synthesized and characterized a conductive biodegradable scaffold by incorporating graphene oxide gold nanosheets (GO-Au) into a clinically approved natural polymer chitosan (CS). Inclusion of GO-Au nanosheets in CS scaffold displayed two fold increase in electrical conductivity. The scaffold exhibited excellent porous architecture with desired swelling and controlled degradation properties. It also supported cell attachment and growth with no signs of discrete cytotoxicity. In a rat model of MI, in vivo as well as in isolated heart, the scaffold after 5 weeks of implantation showed a significant improvement in QRS interval which was associated with enhanced conduction velocity and contractility in the infarct zone by increasing connexin 43 levels. These results corroborate that implantation of novel conductive polymeric scaffold in the infarcted heart improved the cardiac contractility and restored ventricular function. Therefore, our approach may be useful in planning future strategies to construct clinically relevant conductive polymer patches for cardiac patients with conduction defects.

Matched MeSH terms: Cicatrix
Fulltext Huge brachial plexus schwannoma, masking as a cystic neck mass

Kho JPY, Prepageran N

AME Case Rep, 2018;2:41.
PMID: 30363802 DOI: 10.21037/acr.2018.08.01

Schwannomas are solitary, benign tumors arising from the nerve sheaths. They are frequently reported in the thorax predominantly in the posterior mediastinum, but are rarely seen to arise from the brachial plexus. Schwannomas are well demarcated lesions with a slow insidious growth. Presented is a case of a large brachial plexus schwannoma, masking as a cystic lesion in the lateral neck. The patient presented with concerns of a cystic mass progressively increasing in size over a period of four years, initially symptomless, but later caused numbness and tingling sensation over his right forearm, tip of right thumb and index finger. Following histological confirmation via fine needle aspiration and magnetic resonance imaging, the patient underwent surgical excision where by the tumor was dissected from its attachment to the nerve sheath. The patient recovered well, and by the third day post operatively, his neurological symptoms resolved completely. Upon follow up in clinic 1-week post-surgery, the scar had healed well, and his numbness or tingling sensation remained in abeyance. This case illustrates that a schwannoma may present insidiously as a cystic lesion and its possible origin may arise from the brachial plexus.

Matched MeSH terms: Cicatrix
Fulltext Cervical Aerocele: A Rare Delayed Complication of Tracheostomy

Arepen SAM, Mohamad H, Nik Hassan NFH

Oman Med J, 2018 Nov;33(6):520-522.
PMID: 30410695 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2018.94

Acquired cervical aerocele in adults is a rare condition and its delay development after tracheostomy decannulation is reported rarely. Our patient presented eight years after tracheostomy decannulation with a compressible anterior neck mass that only appeared when she coughed and could be deflated using manual compression. The mass was situated suprasternal at the previous tracheostomy scar. Computed tomography scan showed a paratracheal air sac without significant defect at the tracheal wall. Surgical intervention is the best treatment for symptomatic patients. As in this patient, we advise direct laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in such cases. However, our patient refused any surgical intervention.

Matched MeSH terms: Cicatrix
Peri-oral bullous impetigo: a diagnostic dilemma for dentist

Zakaria A, Sockalingam S

Sains Malaysiana, 2013;42:89-91.

Bullous impetigo is a highly contagious skin infection commonly affecting children due to epidermolytic toxins of bacteria Staphylococcus sp. This presentation described a case of a 3 year-old Indian girl with bullous lesion around the peri-oral region. The lesion was initially thought to be of viral origin and was treated symptomatically. However, the lesion progressed without any resolution with more vesicles at distant sites. The patient was also having fever and refused any oral intake. At this point, a probable diagnosis of bacterial skin infection was considered and the patient was admitted. Intra-venous fluid was administered to rehydrate the patient and she was treated with topical antibiotic and antipyretic. The lesion resolved within 14 days without scarring. As dental practitioners, we should be aware of bacterial infection around the peri-oral region and consider it as part of a differential diagnosis so that an appropriate treatment can be given.

Matched MeSH terms: Cicatrix
First Report of Rubber Tree Stem Rot Caused by Fusarium oxysporum in China

Li BX, Shi T, Liu XB, Lin CH, Huang GX

Plant Dis, 2014 Jul;98(7):1008.
PMID: 30708897 DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-01-14-0004-PDN

Rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) is an important crop in tropical regions of China. In October 2013, a new stem rot disease was found on cv. Yunyan77-4 at a rubber tree plantation in Hekou, Yunnan Province. There were about 100 plants, and diseased rubber trees accounted for 30% or less. Initially, brown-punctuate secretion appeared on the stem, which was 5 to 6 cm above the ground. Eventually, the secretion became black and no latex produced from the rubber tree bark. After removing the secretion, the diseased bark was brown putrescence, but the circumambient bark was normal. Upon peeling the surface bark, the inner bark and xylem had brown rot and was musty. The junction between health and disease was undulate. On the two most serious plants, parts of leaves on the crown were yellow, and the root near the diseased stem was dry and puce. The pathogen was isolated and designated HbFO01; the pathogenicity was established by following Koch's postulates. The pathogen was cultivated on a potato dextrose agar (PDA) plate at 28°C for 4 days. Ten plants of rubber tree cv. Yunyan77-4 were selected from a disease-free plantation in Haikou, Hainan Province, and the stem diameter was about 7 cm. The bark of five plants was peeled, and one mycelium disk with a diameter of 1 cm was inserted into the cut and covered again with the bark. The other five plants were treated with agar disks as controls. The inoculation site was kept moist for 2 days, and then the mycelium and agar disk were removed. On eighth day, symptoms similar to the original stem lesions were observed on stems of inoculated plants, while only scars formed on stems of control plants. The pathogen was re-isolated from the lesions of inoculated plants. On PDA plates, the pathogen colony was circular and white with tidy edges and rich aerial hyphae. Microscopic examination showed microconidia and chlamydospores were produced abundantly on PDA medium. The falciform macroconidia were only produced on lesions and were slightly curved, with a curved apical cell and foot shaped to pointed basal cell, usually 3-septate, 16.2 to 24.2 × 3.2 to 4.0 μm. Microconidia were produced in false heads, oval, 0-septate, 6.2 to 8.2 × 3.3 to 3.8 μm, and the phialide was cylindrical. Chlamydospores were oval, 6.4 to 7.2 × 3.1 to 3.8 μm, alone produced in hypha. Morphological characteristics of the specimen were similar to the descriptions for Fusarium oxysporum (2). Genomic DNA of this isolate was extracted with a CTAB protocol (4) from mycelium and used as a template for amplification of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA with primer pair ITS1/ITS4 (1). The full length of this sequence is 503 nt (GenBank Accession No. KJ009335), which exactly matched several sequences (e.g., JF807394.1, JX897002.1, and HQ451888.1) of F. oxysporum. Williams and Liu had listed F. oxysporum as the economically important pathogen of Hevea in Asia (3), while this is, to our knowledge, the first report of stem rot caused by F. oxysporum on rubber tree in China. References: (1) D. E. L. Cooke et al. Fungal Genet. Biol. 30:17, 2000. (2) J. F. Leslie and B. A. Summerell. The Fusarium Laboratory Manual, 2006. (3) T. H. Williams and P. S. W. Liu. A host list of plant diseases in Sabah, Malaysia, 1976. (4) J. R. Xu et al. Genetics 143:175, 1996.

Matched MeSH terms: Cicatrix
First Report of Lasiodiplodia theobromae Causing Stem Canker of Jatropha curcas in Malaysia

Sulaiman R, Thanarajoo SS, Kadir J, Vadamalai G

Plant Dis, 2012 May;96(5):767.
PMID: 30727556 DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-06-11-0482-PDN

Physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) is an important biofuel crop worldwide. Although it has been reported to be resistant to pests and diseases (1), stem cankers have been observed on this plant at several locations in Peninsular Malaysia since early February 2008. Necrotic lesions on branches appear as scars with vascular discoloration in the tissue below the lesion. The affected area is brownish and sunken in appearance. Disease incidence of these symptomatic nonwoody plants can reach up to 80% in a plantation. Forty-eight samples of symptomatic branches collected from six locations (University Farm, Setiu, Gemenceh, Pulau Carey, Port Dickson, and Kuala Selangor) were surface sterilized in 10% bleach, rinsed twice with sterile distilled water, air dried on filter paper, and plated on water agar. After 4 days, fungal colonies on the agar were transferred to potato dextrose agar (PDA) and incubated at 25°C. Twenty-seven single-spore fungal cultures obtained from all locations produced white, aerial mycelium that became dull gray after a week in culture. Pycnidia from 30-day-old pure cultures produced dark brown, oval conidia that were two celled, thin walled, and oval shape with longitudinal striations. The average size of the conidia was 23.63 × 12.72 μm with a length/width ratio of 1.86. On the basis of conidial morphology, these cultures were identified as Lasiodiplodia theobromae. To confirm the identity of the isolates, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region was amplified with ITS1/ITS4 primers and sequenced. The sequences were deposited in GenBank (Accession Nos. HM466951, HM466953, HM466957, GU228527, HM466959, and GU219983). Sequences from the 27 isolates were 99 to 100% identical to two L. theobromae accessions in GenBank (Nos. HM008598 and HM999905). Hence, both morphological and molecular characteristics confirmed the isolates as L. theobromae. Pathogenicity tests were performed in the glasshouse with 2-month-old J. curcas seedlings. Each plant was wound inoculated by removing the bark on a branch to a depth of 2 mm with a 10-mm cork borer. Inoculation was conducted by inserting a 10-mm-diameter PDA plug of mycelium into the wound and wrapping the inoculation site with wetted, cotton wool and Parafilm. Control plants were treated with plugs of sterile PDA. Each isolate had four replicates and two controls. After 6 days of incubation, all inoculated plants produced sunken, necrotic lesions with vascular discoloration. Leaves were wilted and yellow above the point of inoculation on branches. The control plants remained symptomless. The pathogen was successfully reisolated from lesions on inoculated branches. L. theobromae has been reported to cause cankers and dieback in a wide range of hosts and is common in tropical and subtropical regions of the world (2,3). To our knowledge, this is the first report of stem canker associated with L. theobromae on J. curcas in Malaysia. References: (1) S. Chitra and S. K. Dhyani. Curr. Sci. 91:162, 2006. (2) S. Mohali et al. For. Pathol. 35:385, 2005. (3) E. Punithalingam. Page 519 in: CMI Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew, Surrey, UK. 1976.

Matched MeSH terms: Cicatrix
First Report of Fruit Rot of Loquat Caused by an Alternaria sp. in Taiwan

Ko Y, Liu CW, Chen SS, Chen CY, Yao KS, Maruthasalam S, et al.

Plant Dis, 2010 Apr;94(4):481.
PMID: 30754488 DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-94-4-0481B

During March 2007, a fruit rot disease was observed in several loquat (Eriobotrya japonica (Thunberg) Lindley) fields located in Taichung, Nantou, and Miaoli counties. Loquat is a valuable fruit crop grown predominantly in central Taiwan, and hence, even a minor yield loss by this new disease is economically significant. Symptoms on fruits initially appeared as small lesions (<1 mm) that later developed into light-to-dark brown, circular, larger (7 mm), sunken lesions, indicating invasion of a pathogen into the fruit. Pieces of rotted fruit tissue (1 × 1 × 1 mm) were immersed for 1 min in 3% commercial bleach, followed by 70% ethanol, cultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA), and incubated under constant fluorescent light (185 ± 35 μE·m-2·s-1) at 24°C for 2 days. Three single conidial isolates (AS1 to AS3) were selected and used in morphological and pathogenicity studies. All three isolates were identified as an Alternaria sp. (1-3) and formed abundant, dark brown mycelium when cultured on PDA with light at 24°C. Conidiophores were 60 to 89 × 3 to 5 μm, densely fasciculate, cylindrical, simple or branched, and had distinct conidial scars. Conidia were 12 to 74 × 6 to 14 μm, golden brown, straight or curved, obclavate with beaks measuring half the length of the conidium, and observed in chains of 10 or more spores with four to seven transverse septa and several longitudinal septa. Pathogenicity tests were conducted twice by inoculating eight surface-sterilized wounded or unwounded fruits with each of the three isolates in each experiment. Two cuts (1 × 1 × 1 mm) were made on each fruit 3 cm apart with a sterile scalpel, and a 300-μl spore suspension (2 × 105 conidia per ml) was placed on each wound. Similarly, a 300-μl spore suspension was placed on unwounded fruits and air dried for 5 min. Control fruits were similarly treated with sterile water. Inoculated fruits were enclosed in a plastic bag and kept at 24 ± 1°C. Symptoms of soft rot were observed on 60% (unwounded) and 100% (wounded) of inoculated fruits 5 days after inoculation, while control fruits did not develop disease symptoms. Reisolation from the symptomatic fruits consistently yielded an Alternaria sp. This fungus previously has been reported as the causal agent of fruit rot or black spot of papaya, mango, kiwifruit, pear, and carambola from Australia, India, Malaysia, South Africa, and the United States (1-3). To our knowledge, this is the first report of fruit rot of loquat caused by an Alternaria sp. in Taiwan. To manage this disease, growers may resort to fungicidal sprays followed by bagging of fruits to reduce pre- and postharvest losses. References: (1) A. L. Jones and H. S. Aldwinckle. Compendium of Apple and Pear Diseases. The American Phytopathological Society. St. Paul, MN, 1990. (2) R. C. Ploetz. Diseases of Tropical Fruit Crops. CABI Publishing. Wallingford, Oxfordshire, UK, 2003. (3) R. C. Ploetz et al. Compendium of Tropical Fruit Diseases. The American Phytopathological Society. St. Paul, MN, 1994.

Matched MeSH terms: Cicatrix
Fulltext A Diminutive T1 Cancer 4 mm in Size Resected by Cold Snare Polypectomy

Yoshida N, Naito Y, Murakami T, Ogiso K, Hirose R, Inada Y, et al.

Case Rep Gastroenterol, 2018 01 19;12(1):27-31.
PMID: 29515342 DOI: 10.1159/000486128

Cold snare polypectomy (CSP) should be performed for benign lesions, though an accurate diagnosis is sometimes difficult with only white light observation. Irregular findings by narrow-band imaging (NBI) are useful for differentiating malignant lesions from benign lesions, and cases with this finding are not expected for CSP. We present a diminutive T1 cancer resected by CSP as a reflection case. A 68-year-old man underwent colonoscopy for surveillance after polypectomy. A reddish polyp 4 mm in size was detected at the rectum. White light observation showed no depression, but a slight, heterogeneous color change. NBI magnification showed irregular vessel and surface patterns. The polyp was diagnosed as intramucosal cancer. Even though cancerous lesions are regularly resected by endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), this polyp was resected by CSP in daycare surgery because the patient requested not to be treated by EMR but by CSP, which needed an admission to our institution. The surgeon thought the polyp could be completely resected by CSP. It was thoroughly resected, and a histological examination showed submucosal cancer with a positive vertical margin. Additional surgical resection was not accepted by the patient, since he had received total gastrectomy for gastric cancer and a right hemicolectomy for colonic cancer in the past 7 years. He underwent follow-up colonoscopy 2 months after the CSP. Although there were no recurrent endoscopic findings, endoscopic submucosal dissection was performed to the scar area. The histological examination showed no residual tumor. In conclusion, CSP should only be adopted for benign cases, as cancerous lesions have a possibility for invading the submucosa, like in our case.

Matched MeSH terms: Cicatrix
Fulltext Application of Antrodia camphorata Promotes Rat's Wound Healing In Vivo and Facilitates Fibroblast Cell Proliferation In Vitro

Amin ZA, Ali HM, Alshawsh MA, Darvish PH, Abdulla MA

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2015;2015:317693.
PMID: 26557855 DOI: 10.1155/2015/317693

Antrodia camphorata is a parasitic fungus from Taiwan, it has been documented to possess a variety of pharmacological and biological activities. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the potential of Antrodia camphorata ethanol extract to accelerate the rate of wound healing closure and histology of wound area in experimental rats. The safety of Antrodia camphorata was determined in vivo by the acute toxicity test and in vitro by fibroblast cell proliferation assay. The scratch assay was used to evaluate the in vitro wound healing in fibroblast cells and the excision model of wound healing was tested in vivo using four groups of adult Sprague Dawley rats. Our results showed that wound treated with Antrodia camphorata extract and intrasite gel significantly accelerates the rate of wound healing closure than those treated with the vehicle. Wounds dressed with Antrodia camphorata extract showed remarkably less scar width at wound closure and granulation tissue contained less inflammatory cell and more fibroblast compared to wounds treated with the vehicle. Masson's trichrom stain showed granulation tissue containing more collagen and less inflammatory cell in Antrodia camphorata treated wounds. In conclusion, Antrodia camphorata extract significantly enhanced the rate of the wound enclosure in rats and promotes the in vitro healing through fibroblast cell proliferation.

Matched MeSH terms: Cicatrix
Fulltext The Effect of Camellia sinensis on Wound Healing Potential in an Animal Model

Hajiaghaalipour F, Kanthimathi MS, Abdulla MA, Sanusi J

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2013;2013:386734.
PMID: 23864889 DOI: 10.1155/2013/386734

Camellia sinensis (tea) is reported to have health benefits, including the building of healthy skin. This study evaluated the effects of topical application of Camellia sinensis extract on the rate of wound closure and the histology of wound area. A uniform area of 2.00 cm in diameter was excised from the neck of adult male Sprague Dawley rats. The animals were topically treated with 0.2 mL of vehicle (CMC), Intrasite gel (positive control), or 200 and 400 mg/mL of extract. Wounds dressed with the extract and Intrasite gel healed significantly earlier than those with vehicle. Histological analysis of the wound area after 10 days showed that wounds dressed with the extract had less scar width when compared to the control. The tissue contained less inflammatory cells and more collagen and angiogenesis, compared to wounds dressed with vehicle. In this study, Camellia sinensis showed high potential in wound healing activity.

Matched MeSH terms: Cicatrix
Co-localization of LTBP-2 with FGF-2 in fibrotic human keloid and hypertrophic scar

Sideek MA, Teia A, Kopecki Z, Cowin AJ, Gibson MA

J Mol Histol, 2016 Feb;47(1):35-45.
PMID: 26644005 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-015-9645-0

We have recently shown that Latent transforming growth factor-beta-1 binding protein-2 (LTBP-2) has a single high-affinity binding site for fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and that LTBP-2 blocks FGF-2 induced cell proliferation. Both proteins showed strong co-localisation within keloid skin from a single patient. In the current study, using confocal microscopy, we have investigated the distribution of the two proteins in normal and fibrotic skin samples including normal scar tissue, hypertrophic scars and keloids from multiple patients. Consistently, little staining for either protein was detected in normal adult skin and normal scar samples but extensive co-localisation of the two proteins was observed in multiple examples of hypertrophic scars and keloids. LTBP-2 and FGF-2 were co-localised to fine fibrous elements within the extracellular matrix identified as elastic fibres by immunostaining with anti-fibrillin-1 and anti-elastin antibodies. Furthermore, qPCR analysis of RNA samples from multiple patients confirmed dramatically increased expression of LTBP-2 and FGF-2, similar TGF-beta 1, in hypertrophic scar compared to normal skin and scar tissue. Overall the results suggest that elevated LTBP-2 may bind and sequester FGF-2 on elastic fibres in fibrotic tissues and modulate FGF-2's influence on the repair and healing processes.

Matched MeSH terms: Cicatrix, Hypertrophic/genetics*; Cicatrix, Hypertrophic/metabolism; Cicatrix, Hypertrophic/pathology
Comparison of Chlorella vulgaris dressing and sodium alginate dressing: an experimental study in rats

Zailan N, Abdul Rashid AH, Das S, Abdul Mokti NA, Hassan Basri J, Teoh SL, et al.

Clin Ter, 2010;161(6):515-21.
PMID: 21181079

Chlorella vulgaris (CV) is a green microalgae enriched with nutrients, vitamins, minerals and chlorophyll. The aim of our study was to evaluate the potential wound healing effects of CV as a dressing while comparing it to sodium alginate dressing.

Matched MeSH terms: Cicatrix/prevention & control
Dried irradiated human amniotic membrane as a biological dressing for facial burns--a 7-year case series

Bujang-Safawi E, Halim AS, Khoo TL, Dorai AA

Burns, 2010 Sep;36(6):876-82.
PMID: 20236771 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2009.07.001

Facial burns are common and have a significant impact on patient function and psychosocial well being. Human amnion has been used for many years as a temporary biological wound dressing in the management of partial thickness burns. The observed advantages of human amnion treatment include pain relief, ease of use, prevention of infection and acceleration of wound healing.

Matched MeSH terms: Cicatrix/pathology
Salzmann's nodular degeneration of the cornea

Vannas A, Hogan MJ, Wood I

Am J Ophthalmol, 1975 Feb;79(2):211-9.
PMID: 46719

Eleven corneal specimens from nine patients with Salzmann's nodular degeneration of the cornea, together with all available clinical information, were collected for this study. The specimens were examined by light and electron microscopy. An antecedent keratitis was diagnosed by history and microscopic findings in every case. The corneal epithelium showed degenerative changes, its thickness varied, and in nodular areas it often consisted of only a single layer of flattened epithelial cells by light microscopy. Bowman's membrane was missing over the nodules, and in this zone there was excessive secretion of a basement membrane-like material. Hyaline degeneration of collagen, cellular debris, and electron-dense hyaline deposits were seen in the collagen of the nodules. The number of fibrocytes in the nodules varied from many that were active to a few that were degenerating. External irritation because of poor epithelial protection was interpreted as a causative factor, although other tissue repair mechanisms may also have played a role.

Matched MeSH terms: Cicatrix/pathology
Fulltext CT appearances of Marjolin's ulcer in the left gluteal region of a young man

Mohamed S, Abdullah B, Singh DA, Heng KS

Biomed Imaging Interv J, 2006 Jul;2(3):e26.
PMID: 21614240 DOI: 10.2349/biij.2.3.e26

Chronic wounds and scar tissues are prone to skin cancer. In 1828, Jean-Nicholas Marjolin described the occurrence of tumours in post-traumatic scar tissue. He did not, however, identify the warty ulcers he described as malignant. It was Dupuytren, who about two years later, noted that these lesions were cancerous. The eponym was bestowed by Da Costa in 1903. Marjolin's ulcer no longer refers only to carcinomas secondary to burns and is classified as a malignancy that arises from previously traumatised, chronically inflamed, or scarred skin. It has been reported in relation to osteomyelitis, venous stasis ulcer, tropical ulcers, chronic decubitus ulcer, frostbite, pilonidal sinus, vaccination site, urinary fistula, hidradenitis suppurativa, skin graft donor site, gunshot wounds, puncture wounds, dog bites, and lupus rash. Early arising Marjolin's ulcer has rarely been described in literature. In this case report, we present the CT appearances of Marjolin's ulcer in the left gluteal region of a young man.

Matched MeSH terms: Cicatrix
Rupture of the pregnant uterus--a 21-year review

Rachagan SP, Raman S, Balasundram G, Balakrishnan S

Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol, 1991 Feb;31(1):37-40.
PMID: 1872771

Uterine rupture is still a common problem in developing countries although even here the incidence varies from urban to rural settings. This article is a review of uterine rupture in an urban referral hospital in Malaysia. It examines aetiology, clinical presentation, complications and management of the problem. Meticulous screening of patients together with optimal antenatal and intrapartum care will markedly reduce the incidence of uterine rupture. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment will further help reduce morbidity and mortality to both mother and fetus.

Matched MeSH terms: Cicatrix
Scar endometriosis presenting as an acute abdomen: a case report

Khoo JJ

Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol, 2003 Apr;43(2):164-5.
PMID: 14712976
Matched MeSH terms: Cicatrix
Fulltext Neuroendocrine tumour masquerading as intussusception: A case report

Wong L, Kanthasamy SV, Durairaj G, Thangaratnam RR

Int J Surg Case Rep, 2020;77:48-52.
PMID: 33137672 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2020.10.091

INTRODUCTION: Intussusception usually occurs in the paediatric population. When it occurs in the adult population, it is normally caused by a malignant intraluminal pathology.
PRESENTATION OF CASE: A 72-year-old female presented to us with right-sided abdominal pain for 3 weeks, associated with vomiting and diarrhoea. She had an appendectomy done 30 years ago and a recent myocardial infarction. Abdominal examination revealed a previous appendectomy scar and tenderness over the right lumbar region. Computed tomography showed ileocaecal intussusception. Right hemicolectomy with a double barrel stoma was performed as she was unstable intraoperatively. Histopathological examination of the tumour showed a well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumour. Subsequent PET scan showed no systemic disease and a reversal of the stoma was done. She remained disease free for a year.
DISCUSSION: Our patient had undergone a right hemicolectomy despite the high risk of mortality, as there is a high chance of malignancy. Double barrel stoma was done, as she was unstable intraoperatively. Fortunately, she recovered well and had her stoma reversed without any further recurrence of her disease.
CONCLUSION: Adult patients who present with intussusception should be managed with resection, as there is a high possibility of a malignancy. Early resection should be planned to prevent further spread of the tumour.

Matched MeSH terms: Cicatrix
Fulltext Efficacy of chitosan derivative films versus hydrocolloid dressing on superficial wounds

Halim AS, Nor FM, Mat Saad AZ, Mohd Nasir NA, Norsa'adah B, Ujang Z

J Taibah Univ Med Sci, 2018 Dec;13(6):512-520.
PMID: 31435371 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2018.10.004

Objectives: Chitosan, the N-deacetylated derivative of chitin, has useful biological properties that promote haemostasis, analgesia, wound healing, and scar reduction; chitosan is bacteriostatic, biocompatible, and biodegradable. This study determined the efficacy of chitosan derivative film as a superficial wound dressing.
Methods: This multicentre randomised controlled trial included 244 patients, of whom 86 were treated with chitosan derivative film and 84 with hydrocolloid. The percentage of epithelisation, as well as patient comfort, clinical signs, and patient convenience in application and removal of the dressings were assessed.
Results: The primary outcome of this study was the percentage of epithelisation. Except for race (p = 0.04), there were no significant differences between groups in sex, age, antibiotic usage, or initial wound size (p > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the mean epithelisation percentage between groups (p = 0.29). Patients using chitosan derivative film experienced more pain during removal of dressing than those in the hydrocolloid group (p = 0.007). The chitosan derivative film group showed less exudate (p = 0.036) and less odour (p = 0.024) than the control group. Furthermore, there were no significant differences between groups in terms of adherence, ease of removal, wound drainage, erythema, itchiness, pain, and tenderness. No oedema or localised warmth was observed during the study.
Conclusion: This study concluded that chitosan derivative film is equivalent to hydrocolloid dressing and can be an option in the management of superficial and abrasion wounds.
Clinical trial No: NMRR-11-948-10565.

Matched MeSH terms: Cicatrix
Fulltext The Therapeutic Effect and In Vivo Assessment of Palmitoyl-GDPH on the Wound Healing Process

Fadilah NIM, Rahman MBA, Yusof LM, Mustapha NM, Ahmad H

Pharmaceutics, 2021 Feb 01;13(2).
PMID: 33535623 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020193

The standard treatment of open wounds via the direct usage of therapeutic agents is not without limitations with respect to healing. Small peptides can create a favorable milieu for accelerating the healing of wounds. This study presents the potential of a novel fatty acid conjugated tetrapeptide (palmitic acid-glycine-aspartic acid-proline-histidine; Palmitoyl-GDPH) in alleviating wound healing. Tetracycline was employed as a standard control drug following its significance in wound healing including biologically active and antimicrobial effects. The peptide in liquid form was applied on to a 4 cm2 full thickness wound surgically induced at the dorsum of Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. The in vivo wound treatment with Palmitoyl-GDPH for eighteen days, histologically demonstrated an almost perfect healing exhibited by increased re-epithelialization, enhanced collagen deposition, and diminished scar formation compared to the controls. In addition, the well-developed epidermal-dermal junction and ultimate stimulation of hair follicle-growth in the Palmitoyl-GDPH treated group indicated the wound to have healed as functionally viable tissues. In general, the much lower hemogram values in the Palmitoyl-GDPH group indicated that the ongoing healing is en route to an earlier recovery. Additionally, the liver, kidney, and pancreas function biomarkers being within normal limits indicated the relatively non-toxic nature of Palmitoyl-GDPH at the used dosage. These results indisputably supported the great potential of this newly synthesized Palmitoyl-GDPH to be used as an effective therapeutic agent for wound healing (this actually means creating a new wound).

Matched MeSH terms: Cicatrix

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