Displaying publications 61 - 80 of 415 in total

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  1. Studies of the nutritional anaemias of Malaya: the prevalence of iron deficiency
    TASKER PW
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1955 Sep;49(5):478-82.
    PMID: 13267915
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron*
  2. Studies of oxygen binding energy to hemoglobin molecule
    Chow YW, Pietranico R, Mukerji A
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 1975 Oct 27;66(4):1424-31.
    PMID: 6
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron/blood
  3. Structure-property relationships of iron-hydroxyapatite ceramic matrix nanocomposite fabricated using mechanosynthesis method
    Nordin JA, Prajitno DH, Saidin S, Nur H, Hermawan H
    Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2015 Jun;51:294-9.
    PMID: 25842138 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.03.019
    Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is an attractive bioceramics due to its similar composition to bone mineral and its ability to promote bone-implant interaction. However, its low strength has limited its application as load bearing implants. This paper presented a work focusing on the improvement of HAp mechanical property by synthesizing iron (Fe)-reinforced bovine HAp nanocomposite powders via mechanosynthesis method. The synthesis process was performed using high energy milling at varied milling time (3, 6, 9, and 12h). The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Its mechanical properties were investigated by micro-Vicker's hardness and compression tests. Results showed that milling time directly influenced the characteristics of the nanocomposite powders. Amorphous BHAp was formed after 9 and 12h milling in the presence of HPO4(2-) ions. Continuous milling has improved the crystallinity of Fe without changing the HAp lattice structure. The nanocomposite powders were found in spherical shape, agglomerated and dense after longer milling time. The hardness and Young's modulus of the nanocomposites were also increased at 69% and 66%, respectively, as the milling time was prolonged from 3 to 12h. Therefore, the improvement of the mechanical properties of nanocomposite was attributed to high Fe crystallinity and homogenous, dense structure produced by mechanosynthesis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron/chemistry*
  4. Structure and function of the vacuolar Ccc1/VIT1 family of iron transporters and its regulation in fungi
    Sorribes-Dauden R, Peris D, Martínez-Pastor MT, Puig S
    Comput Struct Biotechnol J, 2020;18:3712-3722.
    PMID: 33304466 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.10.044
    Iron is an essential micronutrient for most living beings since it participates as a redox active cofactor in many biological processes including cellular respiration, lipid biosynthesis, DNA replication and repair, and ribosome biogenesis and recycling. However, when present in excess, iron can participate in Fenton reactions and generate reactive oxygen species that damage cells at the level of proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. Organisms have developed different molecular strategies to protect themselves against the harmful effects of high concentrations of iron. In the case of fungi and plants, detoxification mainly occurs by importing cytosolic iron into the vacuole through the Ccc1/VIT1 iron transporter. New sequenced genomes and bioinformatic tools are facilitating the functional characterization, evolution and ecological relevance of metabolic pathways and homeostatic networks across the Tree of Life. Sequence analysis shows that Ccc1/VIT1 homologs are widely distributed among organisms with the exception of animals. The recent elucidation of the crystal structure of a Ccc1/VIT1 plant ortholog has enabled the identification of both conserved and species-specific motifs required for its metal transport mechanism. Moreover, recent studies in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae have also revealed that multiple transcription factors including Yap5 and Msn2/Msn4 contribute to the expression of CCC1 in high-iron conditions. Interestingly, Malaysian S. cerevisiae strains express a partially functional Ccc1 protein that renders them sensitive to iron. Different regulatory mechanisms have been described for non-Saccharomycetaceae Ccc1 homologs. The characterization of Ccc1/VIT1 proteins is of high interest in the development of biofortified crops and the protection against microbial-derived diseases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron; Iron Metabolism Disorders
  5. Fulltext Structural and functional investigation of graphene oxide-Fe3O4 nanocomposites for the heterogeneous Fenton-like reaction
    Zubir NA, Yacou C, Motuzas J, Zhang X, Diniz da Costa JC
    Sci Rep, 2014;4:4594.
    PMID: 24699690 DOI: 10.1038/srep04594
    Graphene oxide-iron oxide (GO-Fe3O4) nanocomposites were synthesised by co-precipitating iron salts onto GO sheets in basic solution. The results showed that formation of two distinct structures was dependent upon the GO loading. The first structure corresponds to a low GO loading up to 10 wt%, associated with the beneficial intercalation of GO within Fe3O4 nanoparticles and resulting in higher surface area up to 409 m(2) g(-1). High GO loading beyond 10 wt% led to the aggregation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles and the undesirable stacking of GO sheets. The presence of strong interfacial interactions (Fe-O-C bonds) between both components at low GO loading lead to 20% higher degradation of Acid Orange 7 than the Fe3O4 nanoparticles in heterogeneous Fenton-like reaction. This behaviour was attributed to synergistic structural and functional effect of the combined GO and Fe3O4 nanoparticles.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron
  6. Structural and functional characterisation of HepTH1-5 peptide as a potential hepcidin replacement
    Azemin WA, Alias N, Ali AM, Shamsir MS
    J Biomol Struct Dyn, 2023 Feb;41(2):681-704.
    PMID: 34870559 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.2011415
    Hepcidin is a principal regulator of iron homeostasis and its dysregulation has been recognised as a causative factor in cancers and iron disorders. The strategy of manipulating the presence of hepcidin peptide has been used for cancer treatment. However, this has demonstrated poor efficiency and has been short-lived in patients. Many studies reported using minihepcidin therapy as an alternative way to treat hepcidin dysregulation, but this was only applied to non-cancer patients. Highly conserved fish hepcidin protein, HepTH1-5, was investigated to determine its potential use in developing a hepcidin replacement for human hepcidin (Hepc25) and as a therapeutic agent by targeting the tumour suppressor protein, p53, through structure-function analysis. The authors found that HepTH1-5 is stably bound to ferroportin, compared to Hepc25, by triggering the ferroportin internalisation via Lys42 and Lys270 ubiquitination, in a similar manner to the Hepc25 activity. Moreover, the residues Ile24 and Gly24, along with copper and zinc ligands, interacted with similar residues, Lys24 and Asp1 of Hepc25, respectively, showing that those molecules are crucial to the hepcidin replacement strategy. HepTH1-5 interacts with p53 and activates its function through phosphorylation. This finding shows that HepTH1-5 might be involved in the apoptosis signalling pathway upon a DNA damage response. This study will be very helpful for understanding the mechanism of the hepcidin replacement and providing insights into the HepTH1-5 peptide as a new target for hepcidin and cancer therapeutics.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron/metabolism
  7. Fulltext Spectrum of hematological disorders in children diagnosed by bone marrow aspiration/biopsy: a retrospective study in a tertiary care center
    Khan, Humayun Iqbal, Amir Rashid, Shabbir, A.S., Warriach, Israr B., Tariq, Rabia, Sarfraz, A., et al.
    Malaysian Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2011;17(1):0-0.
    MyJurnal
    Objective: This study assessed the pattern of clinical course of hematological disorders in children diagnosed by bone marrow aspiration/biopsy in a tertiary care centre. Setting: The study was conducted at the Department of Pediatrics, Lahore General Hospital, Pakistan. Design: A retrospective descriptive study. Duration of study: Jan 2006 to Dec 2010. Methods: The clinical and laboratory data of 250 patients including complete history, physical examination, investigations and bone marrow examination reports were collected and then analyzed retrospectively. On the basis of these data, relative frequency of different hematological disorders was determined. Results: A total of 250 patients were selected during this study period where their bone marrow was sent for the investigations. Out of these cases, double deficiency anemia was the commonest diagnosis (22%) followed by aplastic anemia (13.6%), megaloblastic anemia (13.2%) and iron deficiency anemia (5.6%). For hematological malignancies, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was observed in 27 cases (10.8%) followed by acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in 12 cases (4.8%), lymphoma in 8 cases (3.2%) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in only two cases. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) was reported as frequent as 13.2% (33 cases). Conclusion: The pattern of non malignant hematological disorders in children diagnosed by bone marrow aspiration/biopsy was more common than malignant conditions. Double deficiency anemia was the commonest non malignant condition followed by aplastic anemia, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and megaloblastic anemia. ALL was the most common presentation of the hematological malignancy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anemia, Iron-Deficiency
  8. Spectaflavoside A, a new potent iron chelating dimeric flavonol glycoside from the rhizomes of Zingiber spectabile Griff
    Sivasothy Y, Hadi AH, Mohamad K, Leong KH, Ibrahim H, Sulaiman SF, et al.
    Bioorg Med Chem Lett, 2012 Jun 1;22(11):3831-6.
    PMID: 22546674 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.02.064
    The rhizomes of Zingiber spectabile yielded a new dimeric flavonol glycoside for which the name kaempferol-3-O-(4″-O-acetyl)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside-(I-6,II-8)-kaempferol-3-O-(4″-O-acetyl)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside; spectaflavoside A (1) was proposed, along with kaempferol and its four acetylrhamnosides (2-6), demethoxycurcumin (7) and curcumin (8). The structure of spectaflavoside A was elucidated by spectroscopic methods including, 1D and 2D NMR techniques. This is the first report on the occurrence of a dimeric flavonol glycoside in the Zingiberaceae and the second in nature. Spectaflavoside A was found to be a potent iron chelating agent.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron Chelating Agents/isolation & purification; Iron Chelating Agents/toxicity; Iron Chelating Agents/chemistry*
  9. Significance of herbal medicine in removing excessive iron content in human
    Wbin-Wan-Ibrahim WA, Mirza EH, Akbar Ali SF
    Pak J Pharm Sci, 2013 Jul;26(4):823-6.
    PMID: 23811465
    Heavy metals in cigarette tobacco such as iron may cause a serious damage on human health. Surveys showed that the accumulation of certain toxic heavy metals like cadmium, mercury, iron is very often due to the effect of smoking. This work involved 15 volunteers in two randomly divided groups having the habit of cigarette smoking over 15 cigarettes / day. Concentration level of iron in blood and urine before and after treatment using the herbal medicine, widely used in Europe, is analyzed. Determination of Iron concentration in blood and urine was calculated by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES) according to the procedure DIN EN ISO 11885 ("E22" from April 1998). The analysis shows that the concentration of iron in blood and urine samples in both groups increased in some volunteers instead of decrease. The independent T-test shows that the mean of iron concentration in the group A and group B had no significant difference (p>0.05). The results suggested that the herbal medicine under test does not have significant influence on reduction of iron concentration levels.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron/metabolism*
  10. Siderophore production by Salmonella typhi
    Ismail A
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 1988 Jan 15;150(1):18-24.
    PMID: 2962581
    This study was initiated to determine the mechanism of iron-uptake in Salmonella typhi. When stressed for iron, microorganisms produce siderophores to obtain the necessary nutrient. Generally two types of siderophores exist: the phenolate-type predominantly produced by bacteria and the hydroxamate-type commonly secreted by fungi. Results of this investigation showed that S. typhi produced siderophores of the phenolate-type since culture supernatant of the organism grown under iron-deprivation supported the growth of the phenolate-dependent auxotroph. The culture supernatant when extracted for phenolate siderophores, also supported the growth of the phenolate auxotroph but not the hydroxamate auxotroph. Production of phenolate-type siderophores were further confirmed using biochemical assays. These results showed that S. typhi utilized the high-affinity iron transport system to obtain the necessary iron.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron/metabolism; Iron Chelating Agents/metabolism*; Iron Chelating Agents/pharmacology
  11. Severe iron deficiency anaemia in prolonged exclusively breast and cow's milk-fed infants
    Haifa Abdul Latiff, Mohd Nasir Hassan, Mohd Sham Kasim
    Malaysian Journal of Child Health, 1994;6(1):49-51.
    MyJurnal
    We report here a case of severe iron deficiency anaemia resulting from prolonged exclusive milk diet without any iron supplementation. The patient was a 1112 year old boy, the only child of a factory worker, who was breasffed until 4 months of age followed by exclusive feeding by non-fortifiedformula. He presented with severe iron deficiency anaemia with haemoglobin of4 .0g% and required blood trans-fusion. Iron and.vitamin supplements were given and cereals were slowly introduced. He responded very well to the treatment with satis-factory weight gain and improvement of anaemia. (Copied from article).
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency
  12. Severe generalised dermatitis with intravenous iron-dextran (Imferon) therapy
    Teoh ES, Chan DP
    Med J Malaya, 1966 Sep;21(1):63-5.
    PMID: 4224880
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron-Dextran Complex/adverse effects*
  13. Fulltext Severe chronic iron deficiency anaemia secondary to Trichuris dysentery syndrome - a case report
    Azira N MS, Zeehaida M
    Trop Biomed, 2012 Dec;29(4):626-31.
    PMID: 23202608
    Trichuris dysentery syndrome is caused by Trichuris trichiura which contributes to one of the most common helminthic infections in the world. It is associated with heavy colonic infection that manifests as mucoid diarrhoea, rectal bleeding, rectal prolapse, iron deficiency anaemia, and finger clubbing. Here, we report a case of trichuris dysentery syndrome complicated with severe chronic iron deficiency anaemia in a 4-year-old girl who required blood transfusion. The nematode was visualized on stool microscopic and colonoscopic examination. A longer duration of anti-helminthic treatment is required to achieve effective and better outcome.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/diagnosis*; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/parasitology; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/pathology*
  14. Fulltext Serum soluble transferrin receptor in hypochromic microcytic anaemia
    Jayaranee S, Sthaneshwar P
    Singapore Med J, 2006 Feb;47(2):138-42.
    PMID: 16435056
    The objective of this study was to assess the clinical significance of soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) in hypochromic microcytic anaemia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/diagnosis*
  15. Fulltext Serum soluble transferrin receptor concentration as a biomarker of erythropoietic activity: surrogate marker of adequate transfusion in adult beta-thalassaemia intermedia patients
    Thambiah, S., George, E., Nor Aini, U., Sathar, J., Zarida, H., Mokhtar, A.B.
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2013;9(2):3-12.
    MyJurnal
    Management of Beta (β)-thalassaemia intermedia in contrast to β-thalassaemia major patients has no clear guidelines as to indicators of adequate transfusion. Regular blood transfusion suppresses bone marrow erythropoietic activity. Serum soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) concentration is a marker for erythropoietic activity, with increased sTfR being associated with functional iron deficiency and increased erythropoietic activity. This study aimed to determine the use of sTfR as an indicator of adequate transfusion in adult β-thalassaemia intermedia patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted at Hospital Ampang, Malaysia, for six months. Patient group included six β-thalassaemia intermedia and 34 HbE-β-thalassaemia transfused patients. None of the patients were on regular monthly blood transfusions as in β-thalassaemia major. The control group comprised of 16 healthy subjects with normal haematological parameters. Haemoglobin (Hb) analysis, sTfR and ferritin assays were performed. Hb and HbA percentages (%) were found to be significantly lower in patients compared to the controls, while HbE%, HbF%, sTfR and ferritin were significantly higher in patients. An inverse relationship was found in the controls between HbF% with Hb (r = -0.515, p < 0.05) and HbA% (r = -0.534, p < 0.05). In patients, sTfR showed an inverse relationship with HbA% (r = -0.618, p = 0.000) and a positive correlation with HbE% (r = 0.418, p = 0.007) and HbF% (r = 0.469, p = 0.002). Multivariate analysis showed that HbA% (r = 2.875, p = 0.048), HbE% (r = 2.872, p = 0.020) and HbF% (r = 2.436, p = 0.013) best predicted sTfR independently in patients. Thus, sTfR is a useful marker for erythropoiesis. The elevated sTfR in these patients indicate that the transfusion regimen used was inadequate to suppress ineffective erythropoiesis. Hb levels may not be the best target for monitoring transfusion treatment in β-thalassaemia intermedia patients, but the use of sTfR is helpful in individualising transfusion regimens.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron; Iron Metabolism Disorders
  16. Serum prohepcidin concentrations in rheumatoid arthritis
    Jayaranee S, Sthaneshwar P, Sokkalingam S
    Pathology, 2009 Feb;41(2):178-82.
    PMID: 18972320 DOI: 10.1080/00313020802436840
    AIM: Hepcidin, a recently identified peptide, acts as a central regulator of iron metabolism. It is regarded as a factor regulating the uptake of dietary iron and its mobilisation from macrophages and hepatic stores. It is considered as a mediator of anaemia of inflammation. The aim of this study was to assess whether serum prohepcidin concentration is able to distinguish iron deficiency from anaemia of inflammation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

    METHOD: Blood samples were obtained from 20 healthy blood donors, 30 RA patients who presented with anaemia and 30 patients who had pure iron deficiency anaemia (IDA). The samples were analysed for full blood count, iron, ferritin, transferrin, soluble transferrin receptor and prohepcidin.

    RESULTS: The mean prohepcidin level in the control subjects was 256 microg/L. The prohepcidin level was significantly lower in IDA patients (100 microg/L; p < 0.0001) but not significantly different from that of control in RA patients (250 microg/L; p > 0.05). Higher serum soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) levels were observed in IDA (p < 0.0001) but not in RA compared with that of control (p > 0.05). RA patients were divided into iron depleted and iron repleted subgroups based on the ferritin level. Prohepcidin in the iron depleted group was significantly lower than the iron repleted group and the control (p < 0.0001) and higher levels were observed in the iron repleted group (p < 0.01). sTfR levels in the iron depleted group were significantly higher than the control and the iron repleted patients (p < 0.001). In the iron repleted group, sTfR level was not statistically different from that of control (p > 0.05).

    CONCLUSION: Serum prohepcidin is clearly reduced in uncomplicated iron deficiency anaemia. The reduced prohepcidin levels in the iron depleted RA patients suggests that there may be conflicting signals regulating hepcidin production in RA patients. In RA patients who have reduced hepcidin in the iron depleted group (ferritin <60 microg/L) where sTfR levels are increased suggests that these patients are iron deficient. Further studies with a larger cohort of patients are required to substantiate this point.

    Matched MeSH terms: Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/blood*; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/diagnosis
  17. Serum levels of iron, folic acid and vitamin B 12 in the maternal and cord blood in the three major ethnic groups in Malaysia
    Sindhu SS
    Indian Pediatr, 1974 Dec;11(12):775-80.
    PMID: 4448540
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron/blood*
  18. Serum iron status in Orang Asli children living in endemic areas of soil-transmitted helminths
    Aini UN, Al-Mekhlafi MS, Azlin M, Shaik A, Sa'iah A, Fatmah MS, et al.
    Asia Pac J Clin Nutr, 2007;16(4):724-30.
    PMID: 18042535
    We conducted a cross sectional study to examine the association of intestinal parasitic infections and protein energy malnutrition (PEM) with iron-status indicators and anaemia among Orang Asli children in Selangor, Malaysia. A total of 281 children aged 2 - 15 years were studied. The data were collected using structured questionnaires, anthropometric measurements and laboratory analysis for blood and faecal samples. All children were infected either by A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura or hookworm and almost 19%, 26% and 3% of the children had severe infection of ascariasis, trichuriasis and hookworm infection respectively. The prevalence of giardiasis among them was 24.9%. Overall, 41.5% of the children were anaemic (haemoglobin < 11.0 g/dL). Of these 61.0% of the children had iron deficiency and 36.5% had iron deficiency anaemia (IDA), which accounted for 88.0% of anaemia in this population. Severe trichuriasis had the most significant correlation with anaemia and iron deficiency in this population. It contributed to low concentrations of haemoglobin, serum iron and serum ferritin and high total iron binding capacity (TIBC). Significant underweight and stunting were associated with low concentrations of haemoglobin and serum iron while significant wasting was significantly associated with low concentration of serum ferritin. Logistic regression analysis confirmed that severe trichuriasis was a strong predictor of IDA. It also confirmed that children who were significantly underweight and whose mother was working were independent predictors of IDA in this population.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron/blood*; Iron/deficiency; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/blood*; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/epidemiology
  19. Fulltext Serum ferritin concentrations in transfusion dependent beta-thalassaemia
    George E, Wong HB, George R, Ariffin WA
    Singapore Med J, 1994 Feb;35(1):62-4.
    PMID: 8009283
    Patients on a moderate red cell transfusion programme have iron overload where the concentrations of the serum ferritin were inappropriate to increases in the transfusion load as a result of limitations of apoferritin synthesis and conversion of ferritin into haemosiderin. This study confirms the limitations for the use of estimations of the serum ferritin to evaluate the iron status in patients with expected high overload as would be seen in patients on many years of maintenance red cell transfusions in the absence of iron chelation therapy. Poor compliance, inadequate dosage of Desferal (deferoxamine), and the late initiation of iron chelation therapy were factors that were considered in the patients with failure of response to iron chelation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron/blood
  20. Serobiological features and risk factors of hepatitis C virus infection in multiply transfused thalassaemia patients
    Ghazali, F., Jamal, R., Zakaria, S.Z., Ismail, Z.H., Malik, Y.
    Malaysian Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 1998;10(2):14-18.
    MyJurnal
    The two vital aspects of treatment for patients with tha-lassaemia are regular blood transfusions and iron chela-tion therapy. Unfortunately, the use of blood transfu-sions exposes these patients to the risks of acquiring transfusion related viral infections such as hepatitis C. Patients who acquire the hepatitis C virus (HCV) may develop chronic hepatitis and later on hepatocellular carcinoma. Hence, patients with thalassaemia should be regularly screened for the presence of HCV. We report here the results of a cross-sectional study conducted in a typical day-care centre for thalassaemics at the Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, involving 85 multiply transfused patients. We found that 19 patients (22.4%) were seropositive for HCV and two of them had positive HCV-RNA. Those who had started receiv-ing their transfusions before 1995, i.e. the year routine screening for HCV amongst blood donors were com-menced, and those who received transfusions 2-4 week-ly had a significantly higher risk of acquiring HCV infection.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron
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