MyMedR

Fulltext Racial differences in the fasting lipid profile of healthy Malaysians

Zaraihan S, Azman AB, Tariq AR

Med J Malaysia, 1994 Dec;49(4):355-63.

The fasting lipid profile of a sample of Malays, Chinese and Indians in Peninsular Malaysia was studied to see whether these might explain differences in the rate of coronary heart disease mortality amongst the three ethnic groups. Fifty healthy subjects were studied from each of the three groups. They were matched for age, body mass index, gender and smoking habits, if any. The total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio and LDL-cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio were found to be statistically higher in the Indians than in the Malays and the Chinese. The differences between the Indians and the Chinese were statistically more significant than the differences between the Indians and the Malays. Our findings may partially explain the higher predisposition of the Indian community in Malaysia to CHD mortality and are consistent with those of other studies performed on Indian communities living outside the Indian subcontinent.

Preventive and promotive medicine in ambulatory clinical practice: a prospective simulated patient study

Wong YY, Nordin M, Suleiman AB

Int J Qual Health Care, 1995 Dec;7(4):333-41.

PMID: 8820209 DOI: 10.1093/intqhc/7.4.333

OBJECTIVE: This study examines the extent to which preventive and promotive advice is integrated into the clinical practice of doctors.
STUDY DESIGN: Using a cross-sectional descriptive survey design, the study compares the performance of doctors in giving healthy lifestyle advice for five clinical conditions, their perceived practice and their rating on the importance of disseminating selected key lifestyle messages.
DATA EXTRACTION METHODS: A total of 28 volunteers were trained to simulate the five clinical conditions which required related health advice and to rate the doctors' performance with the use of a prepared checklist. Simulated patient ratings of 343 doctor-patient encounters provided the data on doctors' health promotion efforts for the selected clinical conditions. A post-visit self-administered questionnaire survey of a sub-sample of 100 doctors gave an insight into their opinions and perceived practice.
PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Only in 49% of the instances was a health promotion message given. The doctors' encouraging interest in health education and health promotion and their positive perceptions of their volume of healthy lifestyle counselling were not borne out in actual clinical practice.
CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that the extent of preventive and promotive health education in both the public and private health sectors is unacceptably low. The matter needs to be addressed through training programmes as well as the formulation of clear health promotion priorities and strategies in Malaysia.

Personality and performance of preclinical medical students

Peng R, Khaw HH, Edariah AB

Med Educ, 1995 Jul;29(4):283-8.

PMID: 8594392

This study deals with personality variables of medical students in relation to their academic success in the preclinical stage. One hundred and one students completed the 16PF Questionnaire at the beginning of their medical course and the scores were analysed in relation to their marks obtained at the end of the 2-year preclinical stage. This study shows that the 16PF Questionnaire can be a useful instrument for identifying personality variables in candidates who are likely to have academic problems and those who are likely to do well in the preclinical stage of a medical course. Students of urban origin and the eldest in the family performed better in their preclinical years. Performance was not related to sex, ethnic group, family size of entrance qualification into medicine. Personality variables of being enthusiastic, venturesome, self-opinionated, imaginative, experimenting, resourceful and driven correlate positively with performance, whereas being self-assured has negative correlation. Problem students were more reserved, emotionally less stable and more apprehensive than non-problem students.

A sequential algorithm for the non-linear dual-sorption model of percutaneous drug absorption

Gumel AB, Kubota K, Twizell EH

Math Biosci, 1998 Aug 15;152(1):87-103.

PMID: 9727298

A sequential algorithm is developed for the non-linear dual-sorption model developed by Chandrasekaran et al. [1,2] which monitors pharmacokinetic profiles in percutaneous drug absorption. In the experimental study of percutaneous absorption, it is often observed that the lag-time decreases with the increase in the donor concentration when two or more donor concentrations of the same compound are used. The dual-sorption model has sometimes been employed to explain such experimental results. In this paper, it is shown that another feature observed after vehicle removal may also characterize the dual-sorption model. Soon after vehicle removal, the plots of the drug flux versus time become straight lines on a semilogarithmic scale as in the linear model, but the half-life is prolonged thereafter when the dual-sorption model prevails. The initial half-life after vehicle removal with a low donor concentration is longer than that with a higher donor concentration. These features, if observed in experiments, may be used as evidence to confirm that the dual-sorption model gives an explanation to the non-linear kinetic behaviour of a permeant.

Assessing the competence of general practitioners in diagnosing generalized anxiety disorder using standardized patients

Shahabudin SH, Almashoor SH, Edariah AB, Khairuddin Y

Med Educ, 1994 Sep;28(5):432-40.

PMID: 7845262 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2923.1994.tb02554.x

The competence of general practitioners (GPs) in diagnosing anxiety neurosis was assessed using standardized patients (SPs) unknown to the doctors. Out of a computer-generated random sample of 100 general practitioners in Kuala Lumpur, 42 volunteered to participate in the study. The results showed that the GPs can be divided into three groups: group A made the correct diagnosis and informed the SPs about their condition (11.9%); group B prescribed tranquillizers and did not inform the SPs of the actual diagnosis but instead said that they were either normal or were suffering from some stress (28.6%); and group C made various diagnoses of physical disorder or did not detect any abnormality at all (59.5%). Thus about 40% of the doctors considered an emotion-related disorder and only 12% of the doctors were confident enough to make and inform the patient of the actual diagnosis. Group A significantly (P < 0.001) asked higher numbers of relevant questions in the signs and symptoms section of the history than the other two groups. No differences between the three groups were observed in the other two sections of history-taking (personality, family, social and precipitating factors), in the general and specific physical examination and interpersonal skills. Generally, with the exception of the interpersonal skills section, the doctors performed less than 40% of the expected tasks in every section. The study highlighted the lack of competence in making a definite diagnosis of anxiety disorder. Among those who apparently made the diagnosis (group B) or made the diagnosis with certainty (group A), there was no demonstration of appropriate treatment behaviour with respect to pharmacological intervention.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Surgical complications of living unrelated kidney transplantations in a Third-World country

Lei C, Abdullah K, Morad Z, Suleiman AB

Transplant Proc, 1992 Oct;24(5):1815.

PMID: 1412860

Indian cat (Felis indica) as a host to subperiodic Malaysian strain of human Brugia malayi

Murthy PK, Chowdhury TK, Sen AB

J Commun Dis, 1983 Jun;15(2):100-5.

PMID: 6630983

Hepatitis in renal transplant recipients with and without donor-specific blood transfusion

Morad Z, Suleiman AB, Kong CT

Transplant Proc, 1989 Feb;21(1 Pt 2):1825-6.

PMID: 2652593

Lipase-catalyzed esterification of palm-based 9,10-dihydroxystearic acid and 1-octanol in hexane--a kinetic study

Awang R, Basri M, Ahmad S, Salleh AB

Biotechnol Lett, 2004 Jan;26(1):11-4.

PMID: 15005144

The esterification of palm-based 9,10-dihydroxystearic acid (DHSA) and 1-octanol in hexane as catalyzed by lipase from Rhizomucor meihei (Lipozyme IM) followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics. The esterification reaction follows a Ping-Pong, Bi-Bi mechanism. The maximum rate was estimated to be 1 micromol min(-1) mg(-1) catalyst in hexane at 50 degrees C, and the Michaelis-Menten constants for DHSA and 1-octanol were 1.3 M and 0.7 M, respectively.

Fulltext Intestinal parasitic infections in man: a review

Norhayati M, Fatmah MS, Yusof S, Edariah AB

Med J Malaysia, 2003 Jun;58(2):296-305; quiz 306.

PMID: 14569755

Intestinal parasites of importance to man are Enterobius vermicularis, the soil-transmitted helminthes (STH)--Ascaris lumbricoides Tricburis trichiura, bookworms (Necator americans/Ancylostoma duodenale) and Strongyloides stercoralis and the protozoa Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia duodenalis. Other protozoa such as Cryptosporidium sp. and Isopora sp. are becoming important in causing prolonged diarrhea in immunocompromised patients. It is estimated that almost 1 billion, 500 million and 900 million people worldwide are infected by the major nematode species--A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura and hookworms respectively. Most of the infections are endemic and widely distributed throughout poor and socio-economically deprived communities in the tropics and subtropics. Environmental, socio-economic, demographic and health-related behavior is known to influence the transmission and distribution of these infections. In giardiasis, one study indicates that age < or = 12 years and the presence of family members infected with Giardia were risk factors for infection. Most of the infections occur in children and both genders are equally affected. Epidemiological studies of STH infections have shown that the prevalence and intensity of infection are highest among children 4-15 years of age. The frequency of distribution of STH infections is over-dispersed and highly aggregated. areas reinfection can occur as early as 2 months post-treatment, and by 4 months, almost half of the population treated become reinfected. By 6 months the intensity of infection was similar to pretreatment level.

Fulltext Risk factors for infection in total knee replacement surgery at Hospital Kuala Lumpur

Syahrizal AB, Kareem BA, Anbanadan S, Harwant S

Med J Malaysia, 2001 Dec;56 Suppl D:5-8.

PMID: 14569758 MyJurnal

One hundred primary TKR surgeries done between January 1994 and December 1999 were reviewed after a mean follow-up of 37.4 months. The rate of superficial and deep wound infection were 2% and 9% respectively. The most common organism in wound infection was Staphylococcus aureus. The factors that were significantly associated with superficial wound infection were diabetes mellitus (p = 0.005) and rheumatoid arthritis (p = 0.0000). The factors that were significantly associated with deep wound infection were diabetes mellitus (p = 0.000). There was no significant difference between duration of surgery, and the mean age among patients with and without wound infections.

Letter: An acute attack of quartan malaria in a leprosy patient being treated with diaminodiphenylsulphone

Laing AB, Gooi HC, Gelber RH

Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1974;68(2):165-6.

PMID: 4617939

Medical ecology and epidemiology

Muul I, Liat LB, Ibrahim AB

Med J Malaya, 1972 Dec;27(2):125-8.

PMID: 4268038

A new species of Cerapus (Amphipoda: Senticaudata: Ischyroceridae) from Pulau Bum Bum, Sabah, Malaysia, with an identification key to Cerapus species

Nurshazwan J, Ahmad-Zaki AB, Azman BAR

Zootaxa, 2020 Jun 24;4802(3):zootaxa.4802.3.7.

PMID: 33056047 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4802.3.7

The first representative of the genus Cerapus in Malaysian waters, Cerapus bumbumiensis sp. nov. is described from specimens sampled from Pulau Bum Bum, Sabah (east Malaysia). The main identifying characteristics of this new amphipod species are: pereonites 1, 2 with constriction; male gnathopod 2 carpochelate, carpus large with long defining posterior tooth and well-developed anterodistal tooth; pereopod 6 coxa with fine hair/fringe setae ventrally; and telson with deep cleft. An updated identification key for the 23 known species in the genus is also presented.

Fulltext Non-locality Correlation in Two Driven Qubits Inside an Open Coherent Cavity: Trace Norm Distance and Maximum Bell Function

Mohamed A-A, Eleuch H, Ooi CHR

Sci Rep, 2019 Dec 23;9(1):19632.

PMID: 31873086 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55548-2

We analytically investigate two separated qubits inside an open cavity field. The cavity is initially prepared in a superposition coherent state. The non-locality correlations [including trace norm measurement induced non-locality, maximal Bell-correlation, and concurrence entanglement] of the two qubits are explored. It is shown that, the generated non-locality correlations crucially depend on the decay and the initial coherence intensity of the cavity field. The enhancement of the initial coherence intensity and its superposition leads to increasing the generated non-locality correlations. The phenomena of sudden birth and death entanglement are found.

Fulltext Knowledge and awareness regarding osteoporosis among multi ethnic people attending the orthopaedic clinic at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre

Zaris SNABSM, Ahmad MSB, Mohamed SZB, Shuid ANB, Mohamed INB, Mokhtar SAB

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2016;16(3):166-175.

Malaysia is a multi-ethnic country with an osteoporosis prevalence of 24.1% in 2005. Only few study reported on osteoporosis awareness. Aim of this study was to investigate the awareness and knowledge regarding osteoporosis among persons attending orthopaedic clinic at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur. A total of 368 participants (male and female) aged 20 years old or older, was assessed using the Osteoporosis Questionnaire (OPQ). The mean total OPQ score was 1.7 (SD ± 3.08; range -5 to 9; maximum possible score 20). Subjects with family history of osteoporosis and high education level were found to have significantly higher OPQ scores (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) with respect to different age groups, gender, ethnicities, and menopausal status. The main source of osteoporosis knowledge was magazine/newspaper (45.9%). An overall low score indicates that new strategies to increase awareness of osteoporosis among the public is urgently required.

Central nervous system prophylaxis in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: CT brain appearance after 3 years continuous complete remission in 36 Malaysian children

Nuruddin RN, Daud AB, Lin HP

Australas Radiol, 1988 Feb;32(1):44-9.

PMID: 3165633

Haemorrhagic transformation: A serious complication of massive ischemic stroke

Mohd Said MR, Mohd Firdaus MAB

Med J Malaysia, 2021 03;76(2):258-260.

PMID: 33742641

Acute ischaemic stroke is a debilitating disease and may lead to haemorrhagic transformation associated with few factors such as high National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), low Modified Rankin Score (MRS), cardio-embolic clot and others.1 We report herein a 61 years old man whom presented with left sided weakness and diagnosed with acute right middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction. Thrombolytic therapy was not offered due to low Alberta Stroke Program Early CT (ASPECT) score and hence managed conservatively. However, within 24 hours, his Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) reduced by 4 points and urgent Computed Tomography (CT) brain confirmed haemorrhagic transformation with midline shift. He underwent emergency surgical decompression and subsequently had prolonged hospital stay complicated by ventilated acquired pneumonia. He recovered after a course of antibiotic and discharged to a nursing home with MRS of 5.

It is not asthma! An arcane case of 'Scimitar' syndrome: A case report

Ganapathi P, Nurul Yaqeen ME, Zamzurina AB

Med J Malaysia, 2020 03;75(2):184-185.

PMID: 32281607

'Scimitar' syndrome in adulthood is usually asymptomatic. Significant structural abnormalities symptoms usually manifest early during infancy or young childhood with features of congestive heart failure from significant shunting of the anomalous pulmonary venous drainage. Diagnosis of 'Scimitar' Syndrome in adults is rare and usually an incidental finding on chest radiograph. Here, we report a case of an adult who presented with symptoms in her 40's. This syndrome has never been reported nor discussed in Malaysia. This is the first case report of 'Scimitar' Syndrome in Malaysian literature. The diagnostic dilemma, medical management, and multi-disciplinary management by cardiology, physiotherapy and pulmonary rehabilitation teams are discussed.

Fulltext Risk factors and spatial distribution of extended spectrum β-lactamase-producing- Escherichia coli at retail poultry meat markets in Malaysia: a cross-sectional study

Aliyu AB, Saleha AA, Jalila A, Zunita Z

BMC Public Health, 2016 08 02;16:699.

PMID: 27484086 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3377-2

BACKGROUND: The significant role of retail poultry meat as an important exposure pathway for the acquisition and transmission of extended spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) into the human population warrants understanding concerning those operational practices associated with dissemination of ESBL-EC in poultry meat retailing. Hence, the objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, spatial distribution and potential risk factors associated with the dissemination of ESBL-EC in poultry meat retail at wet-markets in Selangor, Malaysia.

METHODS: Poultry meat (breast, wing, thigh, and keel) as well as the contact surfaces of weighing scales and cutting boards were sampled to detect ESBL-EC by using culture and disk combination methods and polymerase chain reaction assays. Besides, questionnaire was used to obtain data and information pertaining to those operational practices that may possibly explain the occurrence of ESBL-EC. The data were analysed using logistic regression analysis at 95 % CI.

RESULTS: The overall prevalence of ESBL-EC was 48.8 % (95 % CI, 42 - 55 %). Among the risk factors that were explored, type of countertop, sanitation of the stall environment, source of cleaning water, and type of cutting board were found to be significantly associated with the presence of ESBL-EC.

CONCLUSIONS: Thus, in order to prevent or reduce the presence of ESBL-EC and other contaminants at the retail-outlet, there is a need to design a process control system based on the current prevailing practices in order to reduce cross contamination, as well as to improve food safety and consumer health.

Displaying publications 81 - 100 of 691 in total