Displaying publications 81 - 100 of 126 in total

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  1. Phytomedicines are Efficient Complementary Therapies for the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis: A Review of Mechanistic Insight and Recent Updates
    Tumpang MA, Ramli NA, Hussain Z
    Curr Drug Targets, 2018;19(6):674-700.
    PMID: 28914203 DOI: 10.2174/1389450118666170913162147
    BACKGROUND: Phytomedicines have been well-accepted alternative complementary therapies for the treatment of a wide range of acute and chronic skin inflammatory diseases including chronic herpes, prurigo, psoriasis, and atopic dermatitis (AD). A plethora of in vitro and in vivo studies have evidenced the therapeutic viability of phytomedicines, polyherbal formulations, plant-based materials and their decoctions for the treatment of mild-to-severe AD.

    OBJECTIVE: This review was aimed to summarize and critically discuss the convincing evidence for the therapeutic effectiveness of phytomedicines for the treatment of AD and explore their anti-AD efficacy.

    RESULTS: The critical analysis of a wide algorithm of herbal medicines revealed that their remarkable anti-AD efficacy is attributed to their potential of reducing erythema intensity, oedema, inflammation, transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and a remarkable suppression of mRNA expression of ADassociated inflammatory biomarkers including histamine, immunoglobulin (Ig)-E, prostaglandins, mast cells infiltration and production of cytokines and chemokines in the serum and skin biopsies.

    CONCLUSION: In conclusion, herbal medicines hold great promise as complementary and alternative therapies for the treatment of mild-to-moderate AD when used as monotherapy and for the treatment of moderate-to-severe AD when used in conjunction with other pharmacological agents.

    Matched MeSH terms: Inflammation/drug therapy
  2. Fulltext Palmatine as an Agent Against Metabolic Syndrome and Its Related Complications: A Review
    Ekeuku SO, Pang KL, Chin KY
    Drug Des Devel Ther, 2020;14:4963-4974.
    PMID: 33235437 DOI: 10.2147/DDDT.S280520
    Palmatine is a naturally occurring isoquinoline alkaloid with various pharmacological properties. Given its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, palmatine may be able to impede the effects of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its related diseases triggered by inflammation and oxidative stress. This review summarises the existing literature about the effects of palmatine supplementation on MetS and its complications. The evidence shows that palmatine could protect against MetS, and cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, which might be associated with MetS. These protective effects are mediated by the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of palmatine. Although preclinical experiments have demonstrated the efficacy of palmatine against MetS and its related diseases, no human clinical trials have been performed to validate these effects. This research gap should be bridged to validate the efficacy and safety of palmatine supplementation in protecting humans against MetS and its related diseases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Inflammation/drug therapy*
  3. Fulltext Effects of Tamarindus indica fruit pulp extract on abundance of HepG2 cell lysate proteins and their possible consequential impact on metabolism and inflammation
    Chong UR, Abdul-Rahman PS, Abdul-Aziz A, Hashim OH, Mat-Junit S
    Biomed Res Int, 2013;2013:459017.
    PMID: 24455694 DOI: 10.1155/2013/459017
    The fruit pulp extract of Tamarindus indica has been reported for its antioxidant and hypolipidemic properties. In this study, the methanol extract of T. indica fruit pulp was investigated for its effects on the abundance of HepG2 cell lysate proteins. Cell lysate was extracted from HepG2 cells grown in the absence and presence of the methanol extract of T. indica fruit pulp. Approximately 2500 spots were resolved using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and the abundance of 20 cellular proteins was found to be significantly reduced. Among the proteins of reduced abundance, fourteen, including six proteins involved in metabolism (including ethanolamine phosphate cytidylyltransferase), four mitochondrial proteins (including prohibitin and respiratory chain proteins), and four proteins involved in translation and splicing, were positively identified by mass spectrometry and database search. The identified HepG2 altered abundance proteins, when taken together and analyzed by Ingenuity Pathways Analysis (IPA) software, are suggestive of the effects of T. indica fruit pulp extract on metabolism and inflammation, which are modulated by LXR/RXR. In conclusion, the methanol fruit pulp extract of T. indica was shown to cause reduced abundance of HepG2 mitochondrial, metabolic, and regulatory proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation, protein synthesis, and cellular metabolism.
    Matched MeSH terms: Inflammation/drug therapy
  4. Recent patents on topical application of honey in wound and burn management
    Benhanifia MB, Boukraâ L, Hammoudi SM, Sulaiman SA, Manivannan L
    Recent Pat Inflamm Allergy Drug Discov, 2011 Jan;5(1):81-6.
    PMID: 21171951
    Topical application of honey to burn and wounds has been found to be effective in controlling infection and producing a clean granulating bed. It is suggested that the wound healing effect of honey may in part be related to the release of inflammatory cytokines from surrounding tissue cells, mainly monocytes and macrophages. It has been reported that honey hastens wound healing by accelerating wound contractions. Microscopic evaluation demonstrated that there was a significant acceleration of dermal repair in wound treated with honey. Macroscopic and microscopic observations under in vivo assessment suggested that the topical application of honey might have favourable influences on the various phases of burn and wound healing hence accelerating the healing process. The regulatory effects of honey are related to components other than the sugars. However, the mechanisms by which honey affects the release of anti inflammatory agents and growth factors from monocytic cells are as yet unclear. Whether honey affects other cell types, particularly endothelial cells and fibroblasts, involved in wound healing also needs to be clarified. The present article is a short review of recent patents on the healing effect of honey in wound and burn management.
    Matched MeSH terms: Inflammation/drug therapy
  5. The inhibitory effects of Gelam honey and its extracts on nitric oxide and prostaglandin E(2) in inflammatory tissues
    Kassim M, Achoui M, Mansor M, Yusoff KM
    Fitoterapia, 2010 Dec;81(8):1196-201.
    PMID: 20708657 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2010.07.024
    We investigated the effects of honey and its methanol and ethyl acetate extracts on inflammation in animal models. Rats' paws were induced with carrageenan in the non-immune inflammatory and nociceptive model, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the immune inflammatory model. Honey and its extracts were able to inhibit edema and pain in inflammatory tissues as well as showing potent inhibitory activities against NO and PGE(2) in both models. The decrease in edema and pain correlates with the inhibition of NO and PGE(2). Phenolic compounds have been implicated in the inhibitory activities. Honey is potentially useful in the treatment of inflammatory conditions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Inflammation/drug therapy*
  6. Fulltext Antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties of the aqueous extract of Bauhinia purpurea leaves in experimental animals
    Zakaria ZA, Wen LY, Abdul Rahman NI, Abdul Ayub AH, Sulaiman MR, Gopalan HK
    Med Princ Pract, 2007;16(6):443-9.
    PMID: 17917444
    The present study was carried out to determine the antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities of the aqueous extract of Bauhinia purpurea leaves using animal models.
    Matched MeSH terms: Inflammation/drug therapy*
  7. Fulltext Relapsed Hodgkin's disease presenting as a right knee swelling
    Leong CF, Soo PY, Fadilah SAW, Cheong SK
    Med J Malaysia, 2003 Mar;58(1):131-4.
    PMID: 14556340
    A 49 year-old Indian housewife was diagnosed with Hodgkin's disease in 1995. She was given combination chemotherapy comprising Chlorambucil, Vincristine, Procarbazine and Prednisolone. Unfortunately she defaulted after two courses of chemotherapy. One year later, she developed progressive right knee swelling and pain, associated with loss of appetite, loss of weight, intermittent fever, night sweats and pruritus. The right knee swelling measured 15 cm x 20 cm and was warm and tender. A plain radiograph of the right knee revealed osteolytic lesions at the distal end of the right femur and the proximal ends of the right tibia and fibula, associated with gross periosteal reaction and soft tissue swelling. Apart from left cervical lymphoadenopathy, examination of other systems was unremarkable. Pelvic bone marrow biopsy was inconclusive. An open biopsy of the lower end of the right femur was consistent with Hodgkin's disease. She was given salvage combination therapy comprising Chlorambucil, Vincristine, Procarbazine, Prednisolone, Doxorubicin, Bleomycin and Vinblastine. She tolerated the treatment well and responded with significant reduction in the swelling and pain of the right knee. Unfortunately, she again defaulted treatment after 2 courses of chemotherapy. This case illustrates an unusual presentation of Hodgkin's disease in relapse.
    Matched MeSH terms: Inflammation/drug therapy*
  8. Fulltext Vitamin C: A Review on its Role in the Management of Metabolic Syndrome
    Wong SK, Chin KY, Ima-Nirwana S
    Int J Med Sci, 2020;17(11):1625-1638.
    PMID: 32669965 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.47103
    Oxidative stress and inflammation are two interlinked events that exist simultaneously in metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its related complications. These pathophysiological processes can be easily triggered by each other. This review summarizes the current evidence from animal and human studies on the effects of vitamin C in managing MetS. In vivo studies showed promising effects of vitamin C, but most of the interventions used were in combination with other compounds. The direct effects of vitamin C remain to be elucidated. In humans, the current state of evidence revealed that lower vitamin C intake and circulating concentration were found in MetS subjects. A negative relationship was observed between vitamin C intake / concentration and the risk of MetS. Oral supplementation of vitamin C also improved MetS conditions. It has been postulated that the positive outcomes of vitamin C may be in part mediated through its anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. These observations suggest the importance of MetS patients to have an adequate intake of vitamin C through food, beverages or supplements in order to maintain its concentration in the systemic circulation and potentially reverse MetS.
    Matched MeSH terms: Inflammation/drug therapy
  9. Fulltext Mushrooms: a potential natural source of anti-inflammatory compounds for medical applications
    Elsayed EA, El Enshasy H, Wadaan MA, Aziz R
    Mediators Inflamm, 2014;2014:805841.
    PMID: 25505823 DOI: 10.1155/2014/805841
    For centuries, macrofungi have been used as food and medicine in different parts of the world. This is mainly attributed to their nutritional value as a potential source of carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, and minerals. In addition, they also include many bioactive metabolites which make mushrooms and truffles common components in folk medicine, especially in Africa, the Middle East, China, and Japan. The reported medicinal effects of mushrooms include anti-inflammatory effects, with anti-inflammatory compounds of mushrooms comprising a highly diversified group in terms of their chemical structure. They include polysaccharides, terpenoids, phenolic compounds, and many other low molecular weight molecules. The aims of this review are to report the different types of bioactive metabolites and their relevant producers, as well as the different mechanisms of action of mushroom compounds as potent anti-inflammatory agents.
    Matched MeSH terms: Inflammation/drug therapy*
  10. Immunological axis of berberine in managing inflammation underlying chronic respiratory inflammatory diseases
    Tew XN, Xin Lau NJ, Chellappan DK, Madheswaran T, Zeeshan F, Tambuwala MM, et al.
    Chem Biol Interact, 2020 Feb 01;317:108947.
    PMID: 31968208 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.108947
    Inflammatory responses play a remarkable role in the mechanisms of acute and chronic respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, pulmonary fibrosis and lung cancer. Currently, there is a resurgence in the use of drugs from natural sources for various ailments as potent therapeutics. Berberine, an alkaloid prominent in the Chinese traditional system of medicine has been reported to exert therapeutic properties in various diseases. Nevertheless, the number of studies focusing on the curative potential of berberine in inflammatory diseases involving the respiratory system is limited. In this review, we have attempted to discuss the reported anti-inflammatory properties of berberine that function through several pathways such as, the NF-κB, ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK pathways which affect several pro-inflammatory cytokines in the pathophysiological processes involved in chronic respiratory diseases. This review would serve to provide valuable information to researchers who work in this field and a new direction in the field of drug discovery with respect to respiratory diseases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Inflammation/drug therapy*
  11. The anti-inflammatory properties of Acanthus Ebracteatus, Barleria Lupulina and Clinacanthus Nutans: a systematic review
    Ilori NTO, Liew CX, Fang CM
    Mol Biol Rep, 2020 Dec;47(12):9883-9894.
    PMID: 33244664 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-06025-x
    This appraisal is comprised of the inflammatory studies that have been conducted on Clinacanthus nutans, Acanthus ebracteatus, and Barleria lupulina. The review aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the supporting and contradictory evidence on each plants' anti-inflammatory properties, whilst addressing the gaps in the current literature. The databases used to obtain relevant studies were Google Scholar, ResearchGate, PubMed and Nusearch (University of Nottingham). A total of 13 articles were selected for this review. A. ebracteatus was found to suppress neutrophil migration and weakly inhibits chronic inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, B. lupulina and C. nutans were shown to possess very similar anti-inflammatory properties. The studies on C. nutans indicated that its anti-inflammatory effect is strongly related to the inhibition of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Moreover, several phytoconstituents isolated from B. lupulina were shown to activate the anti-inflammatory Nrf2 pathway. Overall, all the studies have provided evidence to support the use of these plants as anti-inflammatory herbal remedies. However, their exact mechanism of action and the responsible phytoconstituents are yet to be established.
    Matched MeSH terms: Inflammation/drug therapy*
  12. Inflammation and L-carnitine therapy in hemodialysis patients: a review
    Khalatbari-Soltani S, Tabibi H
    Clin Exp Nephrol, 2015 Jun;19(3):331-5.
    PMID: 25446285 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-014-1061-3
    Inflammation is a common complication in hemodialysis (HD) patients with no valid treatment strategy. In addition, carnitine deficiency occurs frequently in HD patients because of intradialytic loss of carnitine, impaired de novo carnitine renal synthesis, and reduced dietary intake. It appears that carnitine deficiency is related to inflammation in HD patients. A few clinical trials have investigated the effect of L-carnitine supplement on inflammatory markers in HD patients. All studies in this field, except one, showed that L-carnitine could significantly reduce C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A, as two systemic inflammation markers, in HD patients. Therefore, considering high prevalence of inflammation and carnitine deficiency in HD patients, L-carnitine therapy is a reasonable approach for reducing systemic inflammation and its complications in these patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Inflammation/drug therapy*
  13. Probing the effects of fish oil on the delivery and inflammation-inducing potential of imiquimod
    Rehman K, Aluwi MF, Rullah K, Wai LK, Mohd Amin MC, Zulfakar MH
    Int J Pharm, 2015 Jul 25;490(1-2):131-41.
    PMID: 26003416 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.05.045
    Imiquimod is a chemotherapeutic agent for many skin-associated diseases, but it has also been associated with inflammatory side effects. The aim of this study was to prevent the inflammatory effect of commercial imiquimod (Aldara(®)) by controlled release of imiquimod through a hydrogel/oleogel colloidal mixture (CA bigel) containing fish oil as an anti-inflammatory agent. Imiquimod permeability from Aldara® cream and bigel through mice skin was evaluated, and the drug content residing in the skin via the tape stripping technique was quantified. The fish oil fatty acid content in skin along with its lipophilic environment was also determined. An inflammation study was conducted using animal models, and Aldara(®) cream was found to potentially cause psoriasis-like inflammation, which could be owing to prolonged application and excessive drug permeation. Controlled release of imiquimod along with fish oil through CA bigel may have caused reduced imiquimod inflammation. NMR studies and computerized molecular modeling were also conducted to observe whether the fish oil and imiquimod formed a complex that was responsible for improving imiquimod transport and reducing its side effects. NMR spectra showed dose-dependent chemical shifts and molecular modeling revealed π-σ interaction between EPA and imiquimod, which could help reduce imiquimod inflammation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Inflammation/drug therapy
  14. Role of Antioxidants and Natural Products in Inflammation
    Arulselvan P, Fard MT, Tan WS, Gothai S, Fakurazi S, Norhaizan ME, et al.
    Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2016;2016:5276130.
    PMID: 27803762
    Inflammation is a comprehensive array of physiological response to a foreign organism, including human pathogens, dust particles, and viruses. Inflammations are mainly divided into acute and chronic inflammation depending on various inflammatory processes and cellular mechanisms. Recent investigations have clarified that inflammation is a major factor for the progression of various chronic diseases/disorders, including diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, eye disorders, arthritis, obesity, autoimmune diseases, and inflammatory bowel disease. Free radical productions from different biological and environmental sources are due to an imbalance of natural antioxidants which further leads to various inflammatory associated diseases. In this review article, we have outlined the inflammatory process and its cellular mechanisms involved in the progression of various chronic modern human diseases. In addition, we have discussed the role of free radicals-induced tissue damage, antioxidant defence, and molecular mechanisms in chronic inflammatory diseases/disorders. The systematic knowledge regarding the role of inflammation and its associated adverse effects can provide a clear understanding in the development of innovative therapeutic targets from natural sources that are intended for suppression of various chronic inflammations associated diseases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Inflammation/drug therapy*
  15. Polymer-based drug delivery: the quest for local targeting of inflamed intestinal mucosa
    Dar MJ, Ali H, Khan A, Khan GM
    J Drug Target, 2017 Aug;25(7):582-596.
    PMID: 28277824 DOI: 10.1080/1061186X.2017.1298601
    Colon-specific drug delivery has found important applications in the wide array of diseases affecting the lower intestinal tract. Recent developments and advancements in the polymer-based colonic delivery ensure targeted therapeutics with reduced systemic adverse effects. Latest progress in the understanding of polymer science has decorated a polymer-based formulation with a number of special features, which may prove effective in the localized drug targeting at specific sites of the intestine. Upon oral administration, polymeric vehicles or polymer-coated formulations serve to protect the drug from premature release and degradation in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Moreover, it also facilitates the selective accumulation and controlled release of the drug at inflamed sites of the colon. This review article focuses on a wide coverage of major polymers, their modifications, pros and cons, mechanism of colon targeting and applications as a vehicle system for colonic drug delivery, with a special emphasis on the inflammatory bowel disease.
    Matched MeSH terms: Inflammation/drug therapy*
  16. Hyaluronic acid, an efficient biomacromolecule for treatment of inflammatory skin and joint diseases: A review of recent developments and critical appraisal of preclinical and clinical investigations
    Chen LH, Xue JF, Zheng ZY, Shuhaidi M, Thu HE, Hussain Z
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2018 Sep;116:572-584.
    PMID: 29772338 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.068
    Hyaluronic acid (HA) plays multifaceted role in regulating various biological processes and maintaining homeostasis into the body. Numerous researches evidenced the biomedical implications of HA in skin repairmen, cancer prognosis, wound healing, tissue regeneration, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulation. The present review was aimed to summarize and critically appraise the recent developments and efficacy of HA for treatment of inflammatory skin and joint diseases. A thorough analysis of the literature revealed that HA based formulations (i.e., gels, creams, autologous graft, thin sheets, soaked gauze, gauze pad, tincture, injection) have shown remarkable efficacy in treating a wide range of inflammatory skin diseases. The safety, tolerability, and efficacy of HA (as intra-articular injection) have also been well-documented for treatment of various types of joint disease including knee osteoarthritic, joint osteoarthritis, canine osteoarthritis, and meniscal swelling. Intra-articular injection of HA produces remarkable reduction in joint pain, synovial inflammation, and articular swelling. A remarkable improvement in chondrocyte density, territorial matrix appearance, reconstitution of superficial amorphous layer of the cartilage, collagen remodelling, and regeneration of meniscus have also been evident in patients treated with HA. Conclusively, we validate that the application/administration of HA is a promising pharmacotherapeutic regimen for treatment of inflammatory skin and joint diseases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Inflammation/drug therapy
  17. Modulation of cell signaling pathways by Phyllanthus amarus and its major constituents: potential role in the prevention and treatment of inflammation and cancer
    Harikrishnan H, Jantan I, Alagan A, Haque MA
    Inflammopharmacology, 2020 Feb;28(1):1-18.
    PMID: 31792765 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-019-00671-9
    The causal and functional connection between inflammation and cancer has become a subject of much research interest. Modulation of cell signaling pathways, such as those involving mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs), nuclear factor kappa β (NF-κB), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), and Wnt, and their outcomes play a fundamental role in inflammation and cancer. Activation of these cell signaling pathways can lead to various aspects of cancer-related inflammation. Hence, compounds able to modulate inflammation-related molecular targets are sought after in anticancer drug development programs. In recent years, plant extracts and their metabolites have been documented with potential in the prevention and treatment of cancer and inflammatory ailments. Plants possessing anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties due to their bioactive constituents have been reported to modulate the molecular and cellular pathways which are related to inflammation and cancer. In this review we focus on the flavonoids (astragalin, kaempferol, quercetin, rutin), lignans (phyllanthin, hypophyllanthin, and niranthin), tannins (corilagin, geraniin, ellagic acid, gallic acid), and triterpenes (lupeol, oleanolic acid, ursolic acid) of Phyllanthus amarus, which exert various anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities via perturbation of the NF-κB, MAPKs, PI3K/Akt, and Wnt signaling networks. Understanding the underlying mechanisms involved may help future research to develop drug candidates for prevention and new treatment for cancer and inflammatory diseases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Inflammation/drug therapy*
  18. Sphingosine kinase and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor signaling pathway in inflammatory gastrointestinal disease and cancers: A novel therapeutic target
    Sukocheva OA, Furuya H, Ng ML, Friedemann M, Menschikowski M, Tarasov VV, et al.
    Pharmacol Ther, 2020 03;207:107464.
    PMID: 31863815 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.107464
    Inflammatory gastrointestinal (GI) diseases and malignancies are associated with growing morbidity and cancer-related mortality worldwide. GI tumor and inflammatory cells contain activated sphingolipid-metabolizing enzymes, including sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) and SphK2, that generate sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a highly bioactive compound. Many inflammatory responses, including lymphocyte trafficking, are directed by circulatory S1P, present in high concentrations in both the plasma and the lymph of cancer patients. High fat and sugar diet, disbalanced intestinal flora, and obesity have recently been linked to activation of inflammation and SphK/S1P/S1P receptor (S1PR) signaling in various GI pathologies, including cancer. SphK1 overexpression and activation facilitate and enhance the development and progression of esophageal, gastric, and colon cancers. SphK/S1P axis, a mediator of inflammation in the tumor microenvironment, has recently been defined as a target for the treatment of GI disease states, including inflammatory bowel disease and colitis. Several SphK1 inhibitors and S1PR antagonists have been developed as novel anti-inflammatory and anticancer agents. In this review, we analyze the mechanisms of SphK/S1P signaling in GI tissues and critically appraise recent studies on the role of SphK/S1P/S1PR in inflammatory GI disorders and cancers. The potential role of SphK/S1PR inhibitors in the prevention and treatment of inflammation-mediated GI diseases, including GI cancer, is also evaluated.
    Matched MeSH terms: Inflammation/drug therapy*
  19. Acute Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Induced by Lipopolysaccharide and the Ameliorative Effect of Stingless Bee Honey
    Ranneh Y, Mahmoud AM, Fadel A, Albujja M, Akim AM, Hamid HA, et al.
    Comb Chem High Throughput Screen, 2021;24(6):744-757.
    PMID: 32957878 DOI: 10.2174/1386207323999200918152111
    BACKGROUND: Systemic acute inflammation is the hallmark of sepsis and is associated with multiple organ dysfunction.

    OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the potential of Stingless Bee Honey (SBH) to suppress lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic acute inflammation in rats and to reveal the probable mechanism of action.

    METHODS: Rats received 4.6 and 9.2 g/kg SBH for 7 days followed by a single injection of LPS after which blood samples were taken 6h later.

    RESULTS: LPS induced liver, kidney, heart, and lung injury, were manifested by increased serum transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, creatine kinase, creatinine, and urea, along with multiple histological alterations, particularly leukocyte infiltration. Pro-inflammatory cytokines were elevated in the serum, and NF-κB p65, p38 MAPK, and HMGB-1 were significantly increased in different tissues of LPS-challenged rats. SBH prevented tissue injury, ameliorated pro-inflammatory cytokines, and suppressed NF-κB p65, p38 MAPK, and HMGB-1 in rats that had received LPS. In addition, SBH diminished reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, lipid peroxidation, and oxidative DNA damage, and enhanced glutathione and Nrf2 in LPS-treated rats.

    CONCLUSION: SBH prevents systemic acute inflammation by suppressing NF-κB, p38 MAPK, HMGB-1, oxidative stress, and tissue injury in rats. Thus, SBH may represent an effective anti-inflammatory nutraceutical, pending further mechanistic studies.

    Matched MeSH terms: Inflammation/drug therapy*
  20. Can dextran-based nanoparticles mitigate inflammatory lung diseases?
    Prasher P, Sharma M, R Wich P, Jha NK, Singh SK, Chellappan DK, et al.
    Future Med Chem, 2021 12;13(23):2027-2031.
    PMID: 34596425 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2021-0218
    Matched MeSH terms: Inflammation/drug therapy*
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