Displaying publications 81 - 100 of 1333 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Fulltext Self-assembled insulin and nanogels polyelectrolyte complex (Ins/NGs-PEC) for oral insulin delivery: characterization, lyophilization and in-vivo evaluation
    Mudassir J, Darwis Y, Muhamad S, Khan AA
    Int J Nanomedicine, 2019;14:4895-4909.
    PMID: 31456636 DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S199507
    Introduction: Insulin is given by injection, because when administered orally, it would be destroyed by enzymes in the digestive system, hence only about 0.1% reaches blood circulation. The purpose of the present study was to use pH sensitive polyelectrolyte methyl methacrylate (MMA)/itaconic acid (IA) nanogels as carriers in an attempt to improve absorption of insulin administered orally. Methods: Insulin (Ins) was incorporated into the MMA/IA nanogels (NGs) using the polyelectrolyte complexation (PEC) method to form Ins/NGs-PEC. Several parameters, including Ins:NGs ratio, pH, incubation time and stirring rate were optimized during preparation of InsNGs-PEC. The prepared formulations were characterized in terms of particle size (PS), polydispersity index (PdI), zeta potential (ZP) and percent entrapment efficiency (% EE). Results: The optimized InF12 nanogels had a PS, PdI, ZP and %EE of 190.43 nm, 0.186, -16.70 mV and 85.20%, respectively. The InF12 nanogels were lyophilized in the presence of different concentrations of trehalose as cryoprotectant. The lyophilized InF12 containing 2%w/v trahalose (InF12-Tre2 nanogels) was chosen as final formulation which had a PS, PdI, ZP and %EE of 430.50 nm, 0.588, -16.50 mv and 82.10, respectively. The in vitro release of insulin from InF12-Tre2 nanogels in the SGF and SIF were 28.71% and 96.53%, respectively. The stability study conducted at 5±3°C for 3 months showed that lnF12-Tre2 nanogels were stable. The SDS-PAGE assay indicated that the primary structure of insulin in the lnF12-Tre2 nanogels was intact. The in-vivo study in the diabetic rats following oral administration of InF12-Tre2 nanogels at a dose of 100 IU/kg body weight reduced blood glucose level significantly to 51.10% after 6 hours compared to the control groups. Conclusions: The pH sensitive MMA/IA nanogels are potential carriers for oral delivery of insulin as they enhanced the absorption of the drug.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles
  2. Bioinspired 2D carbon sheets decorated with MnFe2O4 nanoparticles for preconcentration of inorganic arsenic, and its determination by ICP-OES
    Ahmad H, Haseen U, Umar K, Ansari MS, Ibrahim MNM
    Mikrochim Acta, 2019 08 27;186(9):649.
    PMID: 31456042 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3753-6
    The authors describe a method for solvent-free mechano-chemical synthesis of a bioinspired sorbent. A 2D ultra-thin carbon sheet similar to graphene oxide was prepared using a natural waste (onion sheet). The formation of 2D carbon sheets was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and ATR-IR. The surface morphology was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy and high-resolution tunneling electron microscopy. The carbon sheets were decorated with crystalline MnFe2O4 nanoparticles by solid-state reaction at room temperature. The presence of magnetic particles in the final product was confirmed by vibrating sample magnetometry and electron microscopy. The synergistic effect of carbon sheets and MnFe2O4 led to an enhanced sorption of arsenic species compared to bare carbon sheets or to MnFe2O4 nanoparticles. A column was prepared for the simultaneous preconcentration and determination of trace levels of As(III) and As(V) from water samples. The preconcentration factors are between 900 and 833 for As(III) and As(V) species, respectively. The linearity of the calibration plot ranges from 0.4-10 ng mL-1. The detection limits (at 3σ) for both As(III) and As(V) are 30 pg mL-1. The Student's t values for the analysis of spiked samples are lower than the critical Student's t values at a 95% confidence level. The recoveries from spiked water samples range between 99 and 102.8%. Graphical abstract Schematic representation of the preparation of carbon sheets similar to graphene oxide from onion sheaths after pyrolysis at 800 °C. The prepared carbon sheet-MnFe2O4 composite shows excellent arsenic sorption and preconcentration down to the pg mL-1 concentration.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles
  3. Fulltext Intracellular Delivery of siRNAs Targeting AKT and ERBB2 Genes Enhances Chemosensitization of Breast Cancer Cells in a Culture and Animal Model
    Fatemian T, Moghimi HR, Chowdhury EH
    Pharmaceutics, 2019 Sep 03;11(9).
    PMID: 31484456 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11090458
    : Pharmacotherapy as the mainstay in the management of breast cancer suffers from various drawbacks, including non-targeted biodistribution, narrow therapeutic and safety windows, and also resistance to treatment. Thus, alleviation of the constraints from the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profile of classical anti-cancer drugs could lead to improvements in efficacy and patient survival in malignancies. Moreover, modifications in the genetic pathophysiology of cancer via administration of small nucleic acids might pave the way towards higher response rates to chemotherapeutics. Inorganic pH-dependent carbonate apatite (CA) nanoparticles were utilized in this study to efficiently deliver various classes of therapeutics into cancer cells. Co-delivery of drugs and genetic materials was successfully attained through a carbonate apatite delivery device. On 4T1 cells, siRNAs against AKT and ERBB2 plus paclitaxel or docetaxel resulted in the largest increase in anti-cancer effects compared to CA/paclitaxel or CA/docetaxel. Therefore, these ingredients were selected for further in vivo investigations. Animals receiving injections of CA/paclitaxel or CA/docetaxel loaded with siRNAs against AKT and ERBB2 possessed significantly smaller tumors compared to CA/drug-treated mice. Interestingly, synergistic interactions in target protein knock down with combinations of CA/AKT/paclitaxel, CA/ERBB2/docetaxel were documented via western blotting.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles
  4. Daunorubicin oral bioavailability enhancement by surface coated natural biodegradable macromolecule chitosan based polymeric nanoparticles
    Ahmad N, Ahmad R, Alam MA, Ahmad FJ, Amir M, Pottoo FH, et al.
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2019 May 01;128:825-838.
    PMID: 30690115 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.142
    BACKGROUND: Daunorubicin hydrochloride (DAUN·HCl), due to low oral bioavailability poses the hindrance to be marketed as an oral formulation.

    AIM OF THE STUDY: To develop a natural biodegradable macromolecule i.e. Chitosan (CS)-coated-DAUN-PLGA-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-Nanoparticles (NPs) with an aim to improve oral-DAUN bioavailability and to develop as well as validate UHPLC-MS/MS (ESI/Q-TOF) method for plasma quantification and pharmacokinetic analysis (PK) of DAUN.

    RESULTS: A particle size (198.3 ± 9.21 nm), drug content (47.06 ± 1.16 mg/mg) and zeta potential (11.3 ± 0.98 mV), consisting of smooth and spherical shape was observed for developed formulation. Cytotoxicity studies for CS-DAUN-PLGA-NPs revealed; a comparative superiority over free DAUN-S (i.v.) in human breast adenocarcinoma cell lines (MCF-7) and a higher permeability i.e. 3.89 folds across rat ileum, as compared to DAUN-PLGA-NPs (p 

    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles
  5. Fulltext Increased ROS Scavenging and Antioxidant Efficiency of Chlorogenic Acid Compound Delivered via a Chitosan Nanoparticulate System for Efficient In Vitro Visualization and Accumulation in Human Renal Adenocarcinoma Cells
    Kavi Rajan R, Hussein MZ, Fakurazi S, Yusoff K, Masarudin MJ
    Int J Mol Sci, 2019 Sep 20;20(19).
    PMID: 31547100 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194667
    Naturally existing Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is an antioxidant-rich compound reported to act a chemopreventive agent by scavenging free radicals and suppressing cancer-causing mechanisms. Conversely, the compound's poor thermal and pH (neutral and basic) stability, poor solubility, and low cellular permeability have been a huge hindrance for it to exhibit its efficacy as a nutraceutical compound. Supposedly, encapsulation of CGA in chitosan nanoparticles (CNP), nano-sized colloidal delivery vector, could possibly assist in enhancing its antioxidant properties, in vitro cellular accumulation, and increase chemopreventive efficacy at a lower concentration. Hence, in this study, a stable, monodispersed, non-toxic CNP synthesized via ionic gelation method at an optimum parameter (600 µL of 0.5 mg/mL of chitosan and 200 µL of 0.7 mg/mL of tripolyphosphate), denoted as CNP°, was used to encapsulate CGA. Sequence of physicochemical analyses and morphological studies were performed to discern the successful formation of the CNP°-CGA hybrid. Antioxidant property (studied via DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) assay), in vitro antiproliferative activity of CNP°-CGA, and in vitro accumulation of fluorescently labeled (FITC) CNP°-CGA in cancer cells were evaluated. Findings revealed that successful formation of CNP°-CGA hybrid was reveled through an increase in particle size 134.44 ± 18.29 nm (polydispersity index (PDI) 0.29 ± 0.03) as compared to empty CNP°, 80.89 ± 5.16 nm (PDI 0.26 ± 0.01) with a maximal of 12.04 μM CGA loaded per unit weight of CNP° using 20 µM of CGA. This result correlated with Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis, transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and field emission scanning (FESEM) electron microscopy, and ImageJ evaluation. The scavenging activity of CNP°-CGA (IC50 5.2 ± 0.10 µM) were conserved and slightly higher than CNP° (IC50 6.4±0.78 µM). An enhanced cellular accumulation of fluorescently labeled CNP°-CGA in the human renal cancer cells (786-O) as early as 30 min and increased time-dependently were observed through fluorescent microscopic visualization and flow cytometric assessment. A significant concentration-dependent antiproliferation activity of encapsulated CGA was achieved at IC50 of 16.20 µM as compared to CGA itself (unable to determine from the cell proliferative assay), implying that the competent delivery vector, chitosan nanoparticle, is able to enhance the intracellular accumulation, antiproliferative activity, and antioxidant properties of CGA at lower concentration as compared to CGA alone.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles
  6. Fulltext Cellular accumulation and cytotoxic effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles in microalga Haematococcus pluvialis
    Djearamane S, Lim YM, Wong LS, Lee PF
    PeerJ, 2019;7:e7582.
    PMID: 31579572 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7582
    Background: Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are widely used in household and cosmetic products which imply an increased releasing of these particles into the environment, especially aquatic ecosystems, resulting in the need of assessing the potential toxic effects of ZnO NPS on the aquatic organisms, particularly on microalgae which form the base for food chain of aquatic biota. The present study has investigated the dose- and time-dependent cellular accumulation and the corresponding cytotoxic effects of increasing concentrations of ZnO NPs from 10-200 μg/mL on microalga Haematococcus pluvialis at an interval of 24 h for 96 h.

    Methods: The scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) was used to qualitatively detect the cellular accumulation of ZnO NPs in algal cells, while inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES) was performed to quantify the cell associated-zinc in algal cells. The percentage of cell death, reduction in algal biomass, and loss in photosynthetic pigments were measured to investigate the cytotoxic effects of ZnO NPs on H. pluvialis. Extracellular and intracellular changes in algal cells resulted from the treatment of ZnO NPs were demonstrated through optical, scanning, and transmission electron microscopic studies.

    Results: SEM-EDX spectrum evidenced the accumulation of ZnO NPs in algal biomass and ICP OES results reported a significant (p < 0.05) dose- and time-dependent accumulation of zinc in algal cells from 24 h for all the tested concentrations of ZnO NPs (10-200 μg/mL). Further, the study showed a significant (p < 0.05) dose- and time-dependent growth inhibition of H. pluvialis from 72 h at 10-200 μg/mL of ZnO NPs. The morphological examinations revealed substantial surface and intracellular damages in algal cells due to the treatment of ZnO NPs.

    Discussion: The present study reported the significant cellular accumulation of ZnO NPs in algal cells and the corresponding cytotoxic effects of ZnO NPs on H. pluvialis through the considerable reduction in algal cell viability, biomass, and photosynthetic pigments together with surface and intracellular damages.

    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles
  7. Fulltext Recycling Waste Cotton Cloths for the Isolation of Cellulose Nanocrystals: A Sustainable Approach
    Mohamed SH, Hossain MS, Mohamad Kassim MH, Ahmad MI, Omar FM, Balakrishnan V, et al.
    Polymers (Basel), 2021 Feb 19;13(4).
    PMID: 33669623 DOI: 10.3390/polym13040626
    There is an interest in the sustainable utilization of waste cotton cloths because of their enormous volume of generation and high cellulose content. Waste cotton cloths generated are disposed of in a landfill, which causes environmental pollution and leads to the waste of useful resources. In the present study, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were isolated from waste cotton cloths collected from a landfill. The waste cotton cloths collected from the landfill were sterilized and cleaned using supercritical CO2 (scCO2) technology. The cellulose was extracted from scCO2-treated waste cotton cloths using alkaline pulping and bleaching processes. Subsequently, the CNCs were isolated using the H2SO4 hydrolysis of cellulose. The isolated CNCs were analyzed to determine the morphological, chemical, thermal, and physical properties with various analytical methods, including attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy (EF-TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results showed that the isolated CNCs had a needle-like structure with a length and diameter of 10-30 and 2-6 nm, respectively, and an aspect ratio of 5-15, respectively. Additionally, the isolated CNCs had a high crystallinity index with a good thermal stability. The findings of the present study revealed the potential of recycling waste cotton cloths to produce a value-added product.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles
  8. Fulltext Synthesis and Optimization of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Ruthenium Polypyridyl Drug Delivery
    Harun SN, Ahmad H, Lim HN, Chia SL, Gill MR
    Pharmaceutics, 2021 Jan 24;13(2).
    PMID: 33498795 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020150
    The ruthenium polypyridyl complex [Ru(dppz)2PIP]2+ (dppz: dipyridophenazine, PIP: (2-(phenyl)-imidazo[4,5-f ][1,10]phenanthroline), or Ru-PIP, is a potential anticancer drug that acts by inhibiting DNA replication. Due to the poor dissolution of Ru-PIP in aqueous media, a drug delivery agent would be a useful approach to overcome its limited bioavailability. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) were synthesized via a co-condensation method by using a phenanthrolinium salt with a 16 carbon length chain (Phen-C16) as the template. Optimization of the synthesis conditions by Box-Behnken design (BBD) generated MSNs with high surface area response at 833.9 m2g-1. Ru-PIP was effectively entrapped in MSNs at 18.84%. Drug release profile analysis showed that Ru-PIP is gradually released, with a cumulative release percentage of approximately 50% at 72 h. The release kinetic profile implied that Ru-PIP was released from MSN by diffusion. The in vitro cytotoxicity of Ru-PIP, both free and MSN-encapsulated, was studied in Hela, A549, and T24 cancer cell lines. While treatment of Ru-PIP alone is moderately cytotoxic, encapsulated Ru-PIP exerted significant cytotoxicity upon all the cell lines, with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values determined by MTT (([3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-dephenyltetrazolium bromide]) assay at 48 h exposure substantially decreasing from >30 µM to <10 µM as a result of MSN encapsulation. The mechanistic potential of cytotoxicity on cell cycle distribution showed an increase in G1/S phase populations in all three cell lines. The findings indicate that MSN is an ideal drug delivery agent, as it is able to sustainably release Ru-PIP by diffusion in a prolonged treatment period.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles
  9. Fulltext Novel PVDF-PVP Hollow Fiber Membrane Augmented with TiO2 Nanoparticles: Preparation, Characterization and Application for Copper Removal from Leachate
    Abba MU, Man HC, Azis RS, Isma Idris A, Hazwan Hamzah M, Yunos KF, et al.
    Nanomaterials (Basel), 2021 Feb 04;11(2).
    PMID: 33557323 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020399
    High proportion of copper has become a global challenge owing to its negative impact on the environment and public health complications. The present study focuses on the fabrication of a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) fiber membrane incorporated with varying loading (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 wt%) of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles via phase inversion technique to achieve hydrophilicity along with high selectivity for copper removal. The developed fibers were characterized based on scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), permeability, porosity, zeta potential, and contact angle. The improved membrane (with 1.0 wt% TiO2) concentration recorded the maximum flux (223 L/m2·h) and copper rejection (98.18%). Similarly, 1.0 wt% concentration of TiO2 nanoparticles made the membrane matrix more hydrophilic with the least contact angle of 50.01°. The maximum copper adsorption capacity of 69.68 mg/g was attained at 1.0 wt% TiO2 concentration. The experimental data of adsorption capacity were best fitted to the Freundlich isotherm model with R2 value of 0.99573. The hybrid membrane developed in this study has considerably eliminated copper from leachate and the concentration of copper in the permeate was substantially reduced to 0.044 mg/L, which is below standard discharge threshold.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles
  10. Immunosensing prostate-specific antigen: Faradaic vs non-Faradaic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis on interdigitated microelectrode device
    Ibau C, Arshad MKM, Gopinath SCB, Nuzaihan M N M, Fathil MFM, Shamsuddin SA
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2020 Nov 01;162:1924-1936.
    PMID: 32822729 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.125
    This work explores Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) detection for a highly-sensitive quantification of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in Faradaic (f-EIS) and non-Faradaic modes (nf-EIS). Immobilization of monoclonal antibody specific to PSA (anti-PSA) was performed using 1-ethyl-3-dimethylaminopropylcarbodiimide hydrochloride and N-hydroxysuccinimide crosslinking agents in order to conjugate carboxylic (-COOH) terminated group of 16-Mercaptoundecanoic acid with amine (-NH3+) on anti-PSA epitope. This approach offers simple and efficient approach to form a strong, covalently bound thiol-gold (SAu) for a reliable SAM layer formation. Studies on the topographic of pristine Au-IDE surface were performed by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy techniques, meanwhile a 3-dimensional optical surface profiler, Atomic Force Microscopy and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy techniques were used to validate the successful functionalization steps on the sensor transducer surface. Detection of PSA in f-EIS mode was carried out by measuring the response in charge transfer resistance (Rct) and impedance change (Z), meanwhile in nf-EIS mode, the changes in device capacitance was monitored. In f-EIS mode, the sensor reveals a logarithmic detection of PSA in a range of 100 ng/ml down to 0.01 ng/ml in Phosphate Buffered Saline with a recorded sensitivity of 2.412 kΩ/log10 ([PSA] ng/ml) and the limit of detection (LOD) down to 0.01 ng/ml. The nf-EIS detection mode yields a logarithmic detection range of 5000 ng/ml down to 0.5 ng/ml, with a sensitivity of 8.570 nF/log10 ([PSA] ng/ml) and an LOD of 0.5 ng/ml. The developed bio-assay yields great device stability, specificity to PSA and repeatability of detection that would pave its way for the future development into portable lab-on-chip bio-sensing system.
    Matched MeSH terms: Metal Nanoparticles
  11. Enhancing erythrocyte-influenza virus specificity by glycan-conjugated gold nanoparticle: Validation of hemagglutination by aptamer and neuraminidases
    Ye M, Lin L, Yang W, Gopinath SCB
    Biotechnol Appl Biochem, 2021 Mar 26.
    PMID: 33769582 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2152
    This study demonstrated the terminated sialo-sugar chains (Neu5Acα2,6Gal and Neu5Acα2,3Gal) mediated specificity enhancement of influenza virus and chicken red blood cell (RBC) by hemagglutination assay. These glycan chains were immobilized on the gold nanoparticle (GNP) to withhold the higher numbers. With the preliminary optimization, a clear button formation with 0.5% RBC was visualized. On the other hand, intact B/Tokio/53/99 with 750 nM hemagglutinin (HA) displayed a nice hemagglutination. The interference on the specificity of RBC and influenza virus was observed by anti-influenza aptamer at the concentration 31 nM, however, there is no hemagglutination prevention was noticed in the presence of complementary aptamer sequences. Spiking GNP conjugated Neu5Acα2,6Gal or Neu5Acα2,3Gal or a mixture of these two to the reaction promoted the hemagglutination to 63 folds higher with 12 nM virus, whereas under the same condition the heat inactivated viruses were lost the hemagglutination. Neuraminidases from Clostridium perfringens and Arthrobacter ureafaciens at 0.0025 neuraminidase units are able to abolish the hemagglutination. Other enzymes, Glycopeptidase F (Elizabethkingia meningoseptica) and Endoglycosidase H (Streptomyces plicatus) did not show the changes with agglutination. Obviously, sialyl-Gal-terminated glycan conjugated GNP amendment has enhanced the specificity of erythrocyte-influenza virus and able to be controlled by aptamer or neuraminidases. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Matched MeSH terms: Metal Nanoparticles
  12. Fulltext Pharmaco-Technical Evaluation of Statistically Formulated and Optimized Dual Drug-Loaded Silica Nanoparticles for Improved Antifungal Efficacy and Wound Healing
    Masood A, Maheen S, Khan HU, Shafqat SS, Irshad M, Aslam I, et al.
    ACS Omega, 2021 Mar 30;6(12):8210-8225.
    PMID: 33817480 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c06242
    The current research aimed at designing mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) for a controlled coadministration of salicylic acid (SA) and ketoconazole (KCZ) to effectively treat highly resistant fungal infections. The sol-gel method was used to formulate MSNs, which were further optimized using central composite rotatable design (CCRD) by investigating mathematical impact of independent formulation variables such as pH, stirring time, and stirring speed on dependent variables entrapment efficiency (EE) and drug release. The selected optimized MSNs and pure drugs were subjected to comparative in vitro/in vivo antifungal studies, skin irritation, cytotoxicity, and histopathological evaluations. The obtained negatively charged (-23.1), free flowing spherical, highly porous structured MSNs having a size distribution of 300-500 nm were suggestive of high storage stability and improved cell proliferation due to enhanced oxygen supply to cells. The physico-chemical evaluation of SA/KCZ-loaded MSNs performed through powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) indicates absolute lack of any interaction between formulation components and successful encapsulation of both drugs in MSNs. The EESA, EEKCZ, SA release, and KCZ release varied significantly from 34 to 89%, 36 to 85%, 39 to 88%, and 43 to 90%, respectively, indicating the quadratic impact of formulation variables on obtained MSNs. For MSNs, the skin tolerability and cell viability percentage rate were also having an extraordinary advantage over suspension of pure drugs. The optimized SA/KCZ-loaded MSNs demonstrated comparatively enhanced in vitro/in vivo antifungal activities and rapid wound healing efficacy in histopathological evaluation without any skin irritation impact, suggesting the MSNs potential for the simultaneous codelivery of antifungal and keratolyic agents in sustained release fashion.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles
  13. Why does vacuum drive to the loading of halloysite nanotubes? The key role of water confinement
    Lisuzzo L, Cavallaro G, Pasbakhsh P, Milioto S, Lazzara G
    J Colloid Interface Sci, 2019 Jul 01;547:361-369.
    PMID: 30974251 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.04.012
    The filling of halloysite nanotubes with active compounds solubilized in aqueous solvent was investigated theoretically and experimentally. Based on Knudsen thermogravimetric data, we demonstrated the water confinement within the cavity of halloysite. This process is crucial to properly describe the driving mechanism of halloysite loading. In addition, Knudsen thermogravimetric experiments were conducted on kaolinite nanoplates as well as on halloysite nanotubes modified with an anionic surfactant (sodium dodecanoate) in order to explore the influence of both the nanoparticle morphology and the hydrophobic/hydrophilic character of the lumen on the confinement phenomenon. The analysis of the desorption isotherms allowed us to determine the water adsorption properties of the investigated nanoclays. The pore sizes of the nanotubes' lumen was determined by combining the vapor pressure of the confined water with the nanoparticles wettability, which was studied through contact angle measurements. The thermodynamic description of the water confinement inside the lumen was correlated to the influence of the vacuum pumping in the experimental loading of halloysite. Metoprolol tartrate, salicylic acid and malonic acid were selected as anionic guest molecules for the experimental filling of the positively charged halloysite lumen. According to the filling mechanism induced by the water confinement, the vacuum operation and the reduced pressure enhanced the loading of halloysite nanotubes for all the investigated bioactive compounds. This work represents a further and crucial step for the development of halloysite based nanocarriers being that the filling mechanism of the nanotube's cavity from aqueous dispersions was described according to the water confinement process.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles
  14. Fulltext Pharmacokinetics of Free Oxytetracycline and Oxytetracycline Loaded Cockle Shell Calcium Carbonate-Based Nanoparticle in BALB/c Mice
    Idris SB, Abdul Kadir A, Abdullah JFF, Ramanoon SZ, Basit MA, Abubakar MZZA
    Front Vet Sci, 2020;7:270.
    PMID: 32613011 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00270
    The development and utilization of nano-antibiotics is currently gaining attention as a possible solution to antibiotic resistance. The aim of this study was therefore to determine the pharmacokinetics of free oxytetracycline (OTC) and oxytetracycline loaded cockle shell calcium carbonate-based nanoparticle (OTC-CNP) after a single dose of intraperitoneal (IP) administration in BALB/c mice. A total of 100 female BALB/c mice divided into two groups of equal number (n = 50) were administered with 10 mg/kg OTC and OTC-CNP, respectively. Blood samples were collected before and post-administration from both groups at time 0, 5, 10, 15, and 30 min and 1, 2, 6, 24, and 48 h, and OTC plasma concentration was quantified using a validated HPLC-UV method. The pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed using a non-compartment model. The Cmax values of OTC in OTC-CNP and free OTC treated group were 64.99 and 23.53 μg/ml, respectively. OTC was detected up to 24 h in the OTC-CNP group as against 1 h in the free OTC group following intraperitoneal administration. In the OTC-CNP group, the plasma elimination rate of OTC was slower while the half-life, the area under the curve, and the volume of the distribution were increased. In conclusion, the pharmacokinetic profile of OTC in the OTC-CNP group differs significantly from that of free OTC. However, further studies are necessary to determine the antibacterial efficacy of OTC-CNP for the treatment of bacterial diseases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles
  15. Fulltext Electrochemical Detection of Arsenite Using a Silica Nanoparticles-Modified Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode
    Ismail S, Yusof NA, Abdullah J, Abd Rahman SF
    Materials (Basel), 2020 Jul 16;13(14).
    PMID: 32708531 DOI: 10.3390/ma13143168
    Arsenic poisoning in the environment can cause severe effects on human health, hence detection is crucial. An electrochemical-based portable assessment of arsenic contamination is the ability to identify arsenite (As(III)). To achieve this, a low-cost electroanalytical assay for the detection of As(III) utilizing a silica nanoparticles (SiNPs)-modified screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) was developed. The morphological and elemental analysis of functionalized SiNPs and a SiNPs/SPCE-modified sensor was studied using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The electrochemical responses towards arsenic detection were measured using the cyclic voltammetry (CV) and linear sweep anodic stripping voltammetry (LSASV) techniques. Under optimized conditions, the anodic peak current was proportional to the As(III) concentration over a wide linear range of 5 to 30 µg/L, with a detection limit of 6.2 µg/L. The suggested approach was effectively valid for the testing of As(III) found within the real water samples with good reproducibility and stability.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles
  16. Fulltext Electrosprayed Alginate Nanoparticles as CRISPR Plasmid DNA Delivery Carrier: Preparation, Optimization, and Characterization
    Alallam B, Altahhan S, Taher M, Mohd Nasir MH, Doolaanea AA
    Pharmaceuticals (Basel), 2020 Jul 22;13(8).
    PMID: 32707857 DOI: 10.3390/ph13080158
    Therapeutic gene editing is becoming more feasible with the emergence of the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) system. However, the successful implementation of CRISPR/Cas9-based therapeutics requires a safe and efficient in vivo delivery of the CRISPR components, which remains challenging. This study presents successful preparation, optimization, and characterization of alginate nanoparticles (ALG NPs), loaded with two CRISPR plasmids, using electrospray technique. The aim of this delivery system is to edit a target gene in another plasmid (green fluorescent protein (GFP)). The effect of formulation and process variables were evaluated. CRISPR ALG NPs showed mean size and zeta potential of 228 nm and -4.42 mV, respectively. Over 99.0% encapsulation efficiency was achieved while preserving payload integrity. The presence of CRISPR plasmids in the ALG NPs was confirmed by Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. The tests revealed that the nanoparticles were cytocompatible and successfully introduced the Cas9 transgene in HepG2 cells. Nanoparticles-transfected HepG2 was able to edit its target plasmid by introducing double-strand break (DSB) in GFP gene, indicating the bioactivity of CRISPR plasmids encapsulated in alginate nanoparticles. This suggests that this method is suitable for biomedical application in vitro or ex vivo. Future investigation of theses nanoparticles might result in nanocarrier suitable for in vivo delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 system.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles
  17. Fulltext Effectiveness of chitosan-propolis nanoparticle against Enterococcus faecalis biofilms in the root canal
    Parolia A, Kumar H, Ramamurthy S, Davamani F, Pau A
    BMC Oral Health, 2020 11 25;20(1):339.
    PMID: 33238961 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01330-0
    BACKGROUND: The successful outcome of endodontic treatment depends on controlling the intra-radicular microbial biofilm by effective instrumentation and disinfection using various irrigants and intracanal medicaments. Instrumentation alone cannot effectively debride the root canals specially due to the complex morphology of the root canal system. A number of antibiotics and surfactants are being widely used in the treatment of biofilms however, the current trend is towards identification of natural products in disinfection. The aim of the study was to determine the antibacterial effect of chitosan-propolis nanoparticle (CPN) as an intracanal medicament against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm in root canal.

    METHODS: 240 extracted human teeth were sectioned to obtain 6 mm of the middle third of the root. The root canal was enlarged to an internal diameter of 0.9 mm. The specimens were inoculated with E. faecalis for 21 days. Following this, specimens were randomly divided into eight groups (n = 30) according to the intracanal medicament placed: group I: saline, group II: chitosan, group III: propolis100 µg/ml (P100), group IV: propolis 250 µg/ml (P250), group V: chitosan-propolis nanoparticle 100 µg/ml (CPN100), group VI: chitosan-propolis nanoparticle 250 µg/ml (CPN250), group VII: calcium hydroxide(CH) and group VIII: 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) gel. Dentine shavings were collected at 200 and 400 μm depths, and total numbers of CFUs were determined at the end of day one, three and seven. The non-parametric Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare the differences in reduction of CFUs between all groups and probability values of p 

    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles
  18. Fulltext Preparation, antioxidant potential and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of gum arabic-stabilised magnesium orotate nanoparticles
    Abdelkader Hassani, Siti Aslina Hussain?, Abdullah, N., Suryani Kamarudin, Rozita Rosli
    International Food Research Journal, 2020;27(1):150-159.
    MyJurnal
    The present work investigated the antioxidant properties and antihypertensive activity of
    magnesium orotate (MgOr) using various established in vitro assays, such as β-carotene
    bleaching activity, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and nitric oxide scavenging activity as well as angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity. Magnesium orotate
    nanoparticles (MgOrGANPs) were prepared using the gum arabic (GA) as stabiliser coatings
    for nanoparticles through freeze-drying method. The in vitro cytoxicity of MgOrGANPs
    against human breast cancer MCF7, liver cancer HepG2, and colon cancer HT29 was investigated. The nitric oxide (NO) and DPPH scavenging assays of MgOrGANPs showed a
    dose-dependent trend, while 500 and 200 µL/mL were significantly more effective than the
    other concentrations with an IC50 of 89.56 µg/mL and 63.22% DPPH scavenging capacity
    respectively. The exposure of human cancer cells to MgOrGANPs at 1.56 – 1,000 µg/mL
    using 3-)4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl(2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) inhibited the
    growth of cell lines examined in a dose-dependent manner. Hence, MgOrGANPs may have
    great potential to be applied for cancer treatments.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles
  19. Fulltext Optimisation of the production of fish gelatine nanoparticles as a carrier for sunflower-derived biopeptide
    Akbar, I., Jaswir, I., Jamal, P.
    International Food Research Journal, 2020;27(1):171-181.
    MyJurnal
    Gelatine obtained from fish skin has become a potential source of preparing nanoparticles and
    encapsulation of bioactive compounds. Within these fish skin, gelatine nanoparticles show
    potent benefits for application in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry. The encapsulated
    bioactive ingredients within nanoparticles have improved bioavailability, delivery properties,
    and solubility of the nutraceuticals within the human body and blood stream. Many of such
    bioactive peptides (biopeptides) are potent antioxidants; and as oxidative stress is the main
    cause of the onset of various chronic diseases, encapsulation of antioxidant biopeptides within
    fish gelatine nanoparticles could be a potential remedy to prevent or delay the onset of such
    diseases and for better health prospects. The purpose of the present work was to prepare a
    simple, safe, and reproducible novel food delivery nanoparticle system encapsulating a desirable antioxidant biopeptide. An optimisation study was conducted to produce a desirable size
    of gelatine nanoparticles which showed a higher encapsulation efficiency of an antioxidant
    biopeptide. Sunflower biopeptide was chosen as the antioxidant biopeptide, as the activity of
    this protein hydrolysate is quite high at DPPH of 89% and FRAP assay of 968 µm/L. Tilapia
    fish was used as gelatine source at an average yield of the process at 10% wt/wt. Effects of
    parameters such as pH, biopeptide concentration, and cross-linking agent ‘glutaraldehyde’ on
    the size, stability, and encapsulation efficiency on the nanoparticles were studied. The average
    diameter of the biopeptide loaded gelatine nanoparticle was between 228.3 and 1,305 nm.
    Encapsulation efficiency was 76% at an optimal pH of 2, glutaraldehyde concentration of 2
    mL, and biopeptide concentration of 0.1 mg/mL exhibited DPPH at 92% and FRAP assay of
    978 µm/L. To understand the absorption of sunflower biopeptide in stomach, blood stream,
    and biopeptide release of the gelatine nanoparticles, biopeptide loaded gelatine nanoparticles
    were subjected to simulated gastrointestinal conditions mimicking human stomach and
    intestine; and showed peptide release of 0.1464 and 0.277 mg/mL upon pepsin and pancreatin
    digestion, respectively.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles
  20. Fulltext Transcriptome analysis of Escherichia coli K1 after therapy with hesperidin conjugated with silver nanoparticles
    Masri A, Khan NA, Zoqratt MZHM, Ayub Q, Anwar A, Rao K, et al.
    BMC Microbiol, 2021 Feb 17;21(1):51.
    PMID: 33596837 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02097-2
    BACKGROUNDS: Escherichia coli K1 causes neonatal meningitis. Transcriptome studies are indispensable to comprehend the pathology and biology of these bacteria. Recently, we showed that nanoparticles loaded with Hesperidin are potential novel antibacterial agents against E. coli K1. Here, bacteria were treated with and without Hesperidin conjugated with silver nanoparticles, and silver alone, and 50% minimum inhibitory concentration was determined. Differential gene expression analysis using RNA-seq, was performed using Degust software and a set of genes involved in cell stress response and metabolism were selected for the study.

    RESULTS: 50% minimum inhibitory concentration with silver-conjugated Hesperidin was achieved with 0.5 μg/ml of Hesperidin conjugated with silver nanoparticles at 1 h. Differential genetic analysis revealed the expression of 122 genes (≥ 2-log FC, P

    Matched MeSH terms: Metal Nanoparticles
Related Terms
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links