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Relationship between textural properties and sensory qualities of cookies made from medium- and long-chain triacylglycerol-enriched margarines

Arifin N, Peng KS, Long K, Ping TC, Affandi Yusoff MS, Nor Aini I, et al.

J Sci Food Agric, 2010 Apr 30;90(6):943-8.
PMID: 20355133 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.3886

This study aims to investigate the textural properties and sensory qualities of cookies made from medium- and long-chain triacylglycerol (MLCT)-enriched margarines. Margarine with formulations of MLCT:palm olein:palm stearin, 60:30:10 and 70:20:10, were selected to produce cookies. The textural properties of cookies were determined using a texture analyser. Quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) and acceptance test were carried out to describe the attributes and to evaluate the degree of liking of cookies, respectively.

Matched MeSH terms: Plant Oils
Discrimination of orange beverage emulsions with different formulations using multivariate analysis

Mirhosseini H, Tan CP

J Sci Food Agric, 2010 Jun;90(8):1308-16.
PMID: 20474048 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.3928

The constituents in a food emulsion interact with each other, either physically or chemically, determining the overall physico-chemical and organoleptic properties of the final product. Thus, the main objective of present study was to investigate the effect of emulsion components on beverage emulsion properties.

Matched MeSH terms: Plant Oils
Production of biodiesel using immobilized lipase--a critical review

Jegannathan KR, Abang S, Poncelet D, Chan ES, Ravindra P

Crit Rev Biotechnol, 2008;28(4):253-64.
PMID: 19051104 DOI: 10.1080/07388550802428392

Increase in volume of biodiesel production in the world scenario proves that biodiesel is accepted as an alternative to conventional fuel. Production of biodiesel using alkaline catalyst has been commercially implemented due to its high conversion and low production time. For the product and process development of biodiesel, enzymatic transesterification has been suggested to produce a high purity product with an economic, environment friendly process at mild reaction conditions. The enzyme cost being the main hurdle can be overcome by immobilization. Immobilized enzyme, which has been successfully used in various fields over the soluble counterpart, could be employed in biodiesel production with the aim of reducing the production cost by reusing the enzyme. This review attempts to provide an updated compilation of the studies reported on biodiesel production by using lipase immobilized through various techniques and the parameters, which affect their functionality.

Matched MeSH terms: Plant Oils
Adsorption of direct dye on palm ash: kinetic and equilibrium modeling

Ahmad AA, Hameed BH, Aziz N

J Hazard Mater, 2007 Mar 6;141(1):70-6.
PMID: 16887263

Palm ash, an agriculture waste residue from palm-oil industry in Malaysia, was investigated as a replacement for the current expensive methods of removing direct blue 71 dye from an aqueous solution. The experimental data were analyzed by the Langmuir and Freundlich models of adsorption. Equilibrium data fitted well with Freundlich model in the range of 50-600mg/L. The equilibrium adsorption capacity of the palm ash was determined with the Langmuir equation and found to be 400.01mg dye per gram adsorbent at 30 degrees C. The rates of adsorption were found to conform to the pseudo-second-order kinetics with good correlation. The results indicate that the palm ash could be employed as a low-cost alternative to commercial activated carbon.

Matched MeSH terms: Plant Oils
Fulltext Intelligent color vision system for ripeness classification of oil palm fresh fruit bunch

Fadilah N, Mohamad-Saleh J, Abdul Halim Z, Ibrahim H, Syed Ali SS

Sensors (Basel), 2012;12(10):14179-95.
PMID: 23202043 DOI: 10.3390/s121014179

Ripeness classification of oil palm fresh fruit bunches (FFBs) during harvesting is important to ensure that they are harvested during optimum stage for maximum oil production. This paper presents the application of color vision for automated ripeness classification of oil palm FFB. Images of oil palm FFBs of type DxP Yangambi were collected and analyzed using digital image processing techniques. Then the color features were extracted from those images and used as the inputs for Artificial Neural Network (ANN) learning. The performance of the ANN for ripeness classification of oil palm FFB was investigated using two methods: training ANN with full features and training ANN with reduced features based on the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) data reduction technique. Results showed that compared with using full features in ANN, using the ANN trained with reduced features can improve the classification accuracy by 1.66% and is more effective in developing an automated ripeness classifier for oil palm FFB. The developed ripeness classifier can act as a sensor in determining the correct oil palm FFB ripeness category.

Matched MeSH terms: Plant Oils
Anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and analgesic potential of cocos nucifera linn.: a review

Dua K, Sheshala R, Ling TY, Hui Ling S, Gorajana A

Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem, 2013;12(2):158-64.
PMID: 23286236

At present, approximately 25%of drugs in modern pharmacopoeia are derived from plant sources (phytomedicines) that can be developed for the treatment of diseases and disorders. Many other drugs are synthetic analogues built on the prototype compounds isolated from plants. Cocos nucifera Linn. (Arecaceae), which is commonly known as coconut, is a plant possessing a lot of potential as an ingredient in traditional medicines for the treatment of metabolic disorders and particularly as an anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and analgesic agent. This review emphasizes on the recent literature and research findings that highlight the significant biological activities of C. nucifera Linn. such as its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and analgesic properties. This review can help researchers keen on exploiting the therapeutic potential of C. nucifera Linn. which may motivate them to further explore their commercial viability.

Matched MeSH terms: Plant Oils
Fulltext Synthesis, spectroscopic and chromatographic studies of sunflower oil biodiesel using optimized base catalyzed methanolysis

Naureen R, Tariq M, Yusoff I, Chowdhury AJ, Ashraf MA

Saudi J Biol Sci, 2015 May;22(3):332-9.
PMID: 25972756 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2014.11.017

Methyl esters from vegetable oils have attracted a great deal of interest as substitute for petrodiesel to reduce dependence on imported petroleum and provide an alternate and sustainable source for fuel with more benign environmental properties. In the present study biodiesel was prepared from sunflower seed oil by transesterification by alkali-catalyzed methanolysis. The fuel properties of sunflower oil biodiesel were determined and discussed in the light of ASTM D6751 standards for biodiesel. The sunflower oil biodiesel was chemically characterized with analytical techniques like FT-IR, and NMR ((1)H and (13)C). The chemical composition of sunflower oil biodiesel was determined by GC-MS. Various fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) were identified by retention time data and verified by mass fragmentation patterns. The percentage conversion of triglycerides to the corresponding methyl esters determined by (1)H NMR was 87.33% which was quite in good agreement with the practically observed yield of 85.1%.

Matched MeSH terms: Plant Oils
Rheological and fractal hydrodynamics of aerobic granules

Tijani HI, Abdullah N, Yuzir A, Ujang Z

Bioresour Technol, 2015 Jun;186:276-85.
PMID: 25836036 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.02.107

The structural and hydrodynamic features for granules were characterized using settling experiments, predefined mathematical simulations and ImageJ-particle analyses. This study describes the rheological characterization of these biologically immobilized aggregates under non-Newtonian flows. The second order dimensional analysis defined as D2=1.795 for native clusters and D2=1.099 for dewatered clusters and a characteristic three-dimensional fractal dimension of 2.46 depicts that these relatively porous and differentially permeable fractals had a structural configuration in close proximity with that described for a compact sphere formed via cluster-cluster aggregation. The three-dimensional fractal dimension calculated via settling-fractal correlation, U∝l(D) to characterize immobilized granules validates the quantitative measurements used for describing its structural integrity and aggregate complexity. These results suggest that scaling relationships based on fractal geometry are vital for quantifying the effects of different laminar conditions on the aggregates' morphology and characteristics such as density, porosity, and projected surface area.

Matched MeSH terms: Plant Oils
Fulltext Nutrition and cardiovascular disease: an Asia Pacific perspective

Khor GL

Asia Pac J Clin Nutr, 1997 Jun;6(2):122-42.
PMID: 24394715

Changes in the dietary intake patterns of countries in the Asia Pacific region are considered in relation to trends of cardiovascular disease mortality. Cardiovascular disease now constitutes the major cause of mortality in many of the countries of the region. The mortality rate for coronary heart disease (CHD) has been on the decline since the mid-1960s in countries such as Australia, New Zealand and Japan, while a decline in other countries, including Singapore and Hong Kong, appears to be occurring about two decades later after a delayed increase. In contrast, countries like Malaysia and China have had and continue an upward trend for CHD mortality. Nonetheless, the mortality rates due to CHD in New Zealand, Australia, Singapore followed by Hong Kong rank among the highest in the region. In China, Taiwan and Japan, death due to cerebrovascular disease remains a major cause of death, although the latter two countries have undergone a significant decline in stroke death rates since 1970. The intakes of fat from land animal products, fish and vegetable oils, depending on fatty acid patterns and, possibly other constituents, are candidate contributors to the different atherogenic and thrombotic effects. Countries which have a higher mortality from CHD tend to have a higher intake of energy from fat and proportion of fat from animal products. These fat intakes may operate to increase hypercholesterolemia and overweight in various countries. Again, intakes of other food items and constituents used in the region such as soybeans, dietary antioxidants in fruits, vegetables, seeds, cereals, nuts and tea and alcohol consumption are candidate cardio-protectants. The wide dietary scope of Asia Pacific populations, from diverse socio-cultural backgrounds, and at different levels of economic and technological development poses several analytic challenges and opportunities. Future research should improve the datasets and think laterally about pathogenesis and intervention.

Matched MeSH terms: Plant Oils
Modulation of human lipids and lipoproteins by dietary palm oil and palm olein: a review

Sundram K

Asia Pac J Clin Nutr, 1997 Mar;6(1):12-6.
PMID: 24394646

Several human clinical trials have now evaluated palm oil's effects on blood lipids and lipoproteins. These studies suggest that palm oil and palm olein diets do not raise plasma TC and LDL-cholesterol levels to the extent expected from its fatty acid composition. With maximum substitution of palm oil in a Western type diet some coronary heart disease risk factors were beneficially modulated: HDL2-cholesterol was significantly increased while the apolipoprotein B/A1 ratio was beneficially lowered by palm oil. Comparison of palm olein with a variety of monounsaturated edible oils including rapeseed, canola, and olive oils has shown that plasma and LDL-cholesterol were not elevated by palm olein. To focus these findings, specific fatty acid effects have been evaluated. Myristic acid may be the most potent cholesterol raising saturated fatty acid. Palmitic acid effects were largely comparable to the monounsaturated oleic acid in normolipidaemic subjects while trans fatty acids detrimentally increased plasma cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, lipoprotein Lp(a) and lowered the beneficial HDL-cholesterol. Apart from these fatty acids there is evidence that the tocotrienols in palm oil products may have a hypocholesterolaemic effect. This is mediated by the ability of the tocotrienols to suppress HMG-CoA reductase. These new findings on palm oil merit a scientific reexamination of the classical saturated fat-lipid hypothesis and its role in lipoprotein regulation.

Matched MeSH terms: Plant Oils
Fulltext Microencapsulated frankincense essential oil: a potential remedy and prevention of mouth diseases

Mohamed Soleiman Barre, Fathilah Ali, Mohamed Elwathig Saeed Mirghani, Noor Faizul Hadri Nordin

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2019;15(108):22-22.
MyJurnal

The global burden of disease studies estimated that oral diseases affected half of the world’s population (3.58 billion people) with dental caries (tooth decay) in permanent teeth being the most prevalent condition assessed. On the other hand, the increasing resistance of dental caries towards the available antimicrobials and extensive use of the controversial synthetic chemicals to overcome these problems have attracted the scientific community’s attention to the search for new cost-effective remedies of natural products. Frankincense or Boswellia species are highly import-ant aromatic plants belonging to the Burseraceae family. The present study will focus on an in-vitro anti-inflamma-tion and anti-bacterial activity of Boswellia carterii (BC) Essential oil (EO) encapsulated into the Gum Arabic (GA) polymer. Thus, certain mouth pathogenic bacteria, which are the main contributors to dental caries and gingivitis, namely (Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus species), and their in-vitro responses to the defined micro-particles, will pave the way to introduce a new potential remedy to the forth mentioned problems.

Matched MeSH terms: Oils, Volatile
Fulltext Characterization of encapsulated ginger essential oils and its antimicrobial properties

Tengku Shafazila Tengku Saharuddin, Lailatun Nazirah Ozair, Ayuni Shahira Zulkifli, Nursarah Syazwani Hairul Shah, Nur Syafiqah Sahidan

Journal of Academia Universiti Teknologi MARA Negeri Sembilan, 2020;8(1):1-6.
MyJurnal

Ginger essential oils (GEO) are natural products with antibacteria properties consisting of many different volatile
compounds have high potential to be used in many applications. In this study, the ginger GEO was successfully
encapsulated in chitosan as a carrier agent using a spray drying technique. The extraction of Zingiber officinale
(ginger) essential oil is performed by steam distillation method. The GEO was encapsulated in chitosan as a carrier
agents at 1:3, GEO:chitosan ratio by using spray drying technique. GEO together with encapsulated GEO were
further assayed for antimicrobial activity by disc-diffusion method. For characterization of encapsulated GEO,
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) were
used. FTIR analysis revealed that there was no existence of a new functional group in the encapsulated GEO
showing that there is only physical interaction between GEO and chitosan. Besides, FESEM analysis showed the
encapsulated GEO were in micro in sizes and possessed spherical shape with smooth and porous surface.
Furthermore, Both GEO and encapsulated GEO showed in vitro antimicrobial activity against Escheriachia coli,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi with encapsulated GEO possessed higher in
the activities for all studied bacteria compared to GEO. The encapsulated GEO demonstrated a superior performance
against Salmonella typhi with the inhibition zone of 22.5 mm compared to GEO only 13.5 mm. The results obtained
indicated that due to the volatility and instability of the GEO when exposed to environmental factors, its encapsulation considerably improve and enhanced its performance.

Matched MeSH terms: Oils, Volatile
Fulltext Essential oils and functional herbs for healthy aging

Agatonovic-Kustrin S, Kustrin E, Morton DW

Neural Regen Res, 2019 Mar;14(3):441-445.
PMID: 30539810 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.245467

As total life expectancy increases, the prevalence of age-related diseases such as diabetes and Alzheimer's disease is also increasing. Many hypotheses about Alzheimer's disease have been developed, including cholinergic neuron damage, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Acetylcholine is a major neurotransmitter in the brain and cholinergic deficits leads to cognitive dysfunction and decline. Recent studies have linked diabetes as a risk factor in developing Alzheimer's disease and other types of dementia. The incidence of patients with type II diabetes and increased levels and activity of α-amylase is higher in patients with dementia. It has been shown that aromatherapy with essential oils from the mint family can improve cognitive performance in Alzheimer's disease patients. Selected monoterpenoids from these essential oils are reported to inhibit acetylcholinesterase, both in vitro and in vivo. Terpenoids are small, fat-soluble organic molecules that can transfer across nasal mucosa if inhaled, or penetrate through the skin after topical application, enter into the blood and cross the blood-brain barrier. Recent evidence supports the idea that the common constituents of essential oils also inhibit α-amylase, a starch digestive enzyme that plays an important role in the control of diabetes. The mint family is a fragrant plant family that contains most of the culinary herbs found in the Mediterranean diet. The Mediterranean diet is considered to be one of the healthiest diets in the world, and is found to be beneficial not only for the heart but also for the brain. Herbs used in this diet are rich in antioxidants that can prevent oxidative damage caused by free radicals. However, our study shows that they also contain biologically active compounds with potent α-amylase and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities. Consumption of fresh herbs can help boost memory and reduce sugar levels in the body. The use of herbs as a functional food could lead to significant improvements in health. Cognitive stimulation with medical food and medical herbs could delay development of cognitive decline, and improve the quality of life of Alzheimer's disease patients. This effect can be enhanced if combined with aromatherapy, topically or by inhalation, and/or by ingestion. Terpenes and terpenoids, the primary constituents of these essential oils are small, lipid soluble organic molecules that can be absorbed through the skin or across nasal mucosa into the systemic blood circulation. Many terpenes can also cross the blood-brain barrier. Therefore, topical application or inhalation of essential oils will also produce a systemic effect.

Matched MeSH terms: Oils, Volatile
Fulltext Biocompatibility and Cytotoxicity Study of Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) Sustainable Super-Hydrophobic Coating for Biomedical Applications

Sreekantan S, Hassan M, Sundera Murthe S, Seeni A

Polymers (Basel), 2020 Dec 18;12(12).
PMID: 33352856 DOI: 10.3390/polym12123034

A sustainable super-hydrophobic coating composed of silica from palm oil fuel ash (POFA) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was synthesised using isopropanol as a solvent and coated on a glass substrate. FESEM and AFM analyses were conducted to study the surface morphology of the coating. The super-hydrophobicity of the material was validated through goniometry, which showed a water contact angle of 151°. Cytotoxicity studies were conducted by assessing the cell viability and cell morphology of mouse fibroblast cell line (L929) and hamster lung fibroblast cell line (V79) via tetrazolium salt 3-(4-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and microscopic methods, respectively. The clonogenic assay was performed on cell line V79 and the cell proliferation assay was performed on cell line L929. Both results validate that the toxicity of PDMS: SS coatings is dependent on the concentration of the super-hydrophobic coating. The results also indicate that concentrations above 12.5 mg/mL invariably leads to cell toxicity. These results conclusively support the possible utilisation of the synthesised super-hydrophobic coating for biomedical applications.

Matched MeSH terms: Fuel Oils
Fulltext Preparation and characterization of curdlan/polyvinyl alcohol/ thyme essential oil blending film and its application to chilled meat preservation

Zhang Y, Zhou L, Zhang C, Show PL, Du A, Fu J, et al.

Carbohydr Polym, 2020 Nov 01;247:116670.
PMID: 32829798 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116670

With the growing interest in food safety and in environmental protection, it is more attractive to develop novel biodegradable packaging films. In this regard, one new blending film was prepared with curdlan (CD)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/thyme essential oil. Our results demonstrated that the mechanical properties of the blending film were the best when the ratio of the CD and PVA was 4:1. Further, the barrier properties of the film were optimized by incorporating with thyme essential oil. It was proved that not only water vapor permeability was lower, but also the elongation at break was improved, when 2% (w/w) thyme essential oil used. The potential interactions of the film matrix were analyzed by FTIR, XRD and Cryo-scanning electron microscopy. Importantly, both the antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity were improved. Finally, the blending film was employed for the preservation of chilled meat, while the shelf life was extended up to 10 days.

Matched MeSH terms: Oils, Volatile
Fulltext Virgin palm kernel oil reduces cardiovascular risk factors

Phua, P. S. P, Ng, T. K. W., Teh, L. K., Voon, P. T.

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2019;15(102):53-53.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Inflammation is one of the major cause of cardiovascular disease, obesity, cancer and stroke. Many dietary compounds containing kernel oil or coconut oil with anti-inflammatory effect can delay the onset of these chronic diseases however the underlying mechanism is unclear. Methods: This study compares the effects of 5% virgin palm kernel oil (VPKO), virgin coconut oil (VCO) and refined, bleached, deodorized olive oil (RBDOO) on selected immune markers in healthy sprague dawley (SD) rats (n=16 per treatment) across 8 weeks. Sera were obtained for four major immunological analyses including cluster of differentiation 4 (CD 4), cluster of differentiation 8 (CD 8), interleukin 6 (IL 6), and c reactive protein (CRP). Results were expressed in mean ± standard error of the mean (mean±SE). Results: Eight weeks fat feeding had no significant difference in weight gain across treatments. Interestingly, we observe significant different on the concentration of CD 4 (p=0.001) with the lowest CD 4 level in rats fed with VPKO 3.87±0.65 ng/ml. The concentration of CD 8 in rats fed with VPKO 8.19±0.25 (p=0.001) ng/ml was comparable to VCO fed rats but was found lower than the control group, RBDOO fed rats. Lower T cell count (CD 4 or CD 8) indicates suppression in inflammation. IL-6 and CRP concentration in rat fed with VPKO 10.89±0.22 pg/ml and 118.39±7.13 ng/ml were slightly higher than that of VCO fed rats but were lower than RBDOO fed rats. Conclusion: We postulate that VPKO could be a potential supplement as an alternative to VCO for relieving inflammation and enhancing body immune system.

Matched MeSH terms: Plant Oils
Effects of Excess and Limited Phosphate on Biomass, Lipid and Fatty Acid Contents and the Expression of Four Fatty Acid Desaturase Genes in the Tropical Selenastraceaen Messastrum gracile SE-MC4

Anne-Marie K, Yee W, Loh SH, Aziz A, Cha TS

Appl Biochem Biotechnol, 2020 Apr;190(4):1438-1456.
PMID: 31782088 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-019-03182-z

In this study, the effects of limited and excess phosphate on biomass content, oil content, fatty acid profile and the expression of three fatty acid desaturases in Messastrum gracile SE-MC4 were determined. It was found that total biomass (0.67-0.83 g L-1), oil content (30.99-38.08%) and the duration for cells to reach stationary phase (25-27 days) were not considerably affected by phosphate limitation. However, excess phosphate slightly reduced total biomass and oil content to 0.50 g L-1 and 25.36% respectively. The dominant fatty acids in M. gracile, pamitic acid (C16:0) and oleic acid (C18:1) which constitute more than 81% of the total fatty acids remained relatively high and constant across all phosphate concentrations. Reduction of phosphate concentration to 25% and below significantly increased total MUFA, whereas increasing phosphate concentration to ≥ 50% and ≥ 100% significantly increased total SFA and PUFA content respectively. The expression of omega-3 fatty acid desaturase (ω-3 FADi1, ω-3 FADi2) and omega-6 fatty acid desaturase (ω-6 FAD) was increased under phosphate limitation, especially at ≤ 12.5% phosphate, whereas levels of streoyl-ACP desaturase (SAD) transcripts were relatively unchanged across all phosphate concentrations. The first isoform of ω-3 FAD (ω-3 FADi) displayed a binary upregulation under limited (≤ 12.5%) and excess (200%) phosphate. The expression of ω-6 FAD, ω-3 FAD and SAD were inconsistent with the accumulation of oleic acid (C18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2) and alpha-linolenic acid (C18:3), suggesting that these genes may be regulated indirectly by phosphate availability via post-transcriptional or post-translational mechanisms.

Matched MeSH terms: Oils
Development of chitosan edible film incorporated with Chrysanthemum morifolium essential oil

Tan LF, Elaine E, Pui LP, Nyam KL, Yusof YA

Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment, 2021 1 16;20(1):55-66.
PMID: 33449520 DOI: 10.17306/J.AFS.0771

BACKGROUND: Biodegradable food packaging has improved in quality with recent research incorporating natural extracts for functionality purposes. This research aims to develop chitosan film with Chrysanthemum morifolium essential oil to improve the shelf life of fresh raw chicken and beef.
METHODS: 1.5% (w/v) chitosan films with Chrysanthemum morifolium essential oil (0% to 6% (v/v)) were produced through homogenization, the casting of a film solution in a petri dish and convection drying. The edible film was evaluated in terms of its physical (color, thickness, water vapor permeability), mechanical (puncture strength, tensile strength, elongation at break) and chemical properties (antioxidant assay, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)).
RESULTS: With an increasing concentration of Chrysanthemum morifolium in the chitosan film, the test values of physical properties such as tensile strength, puncture force, and elongation at break declined significantly. However, the thickness, water permeability, and color profile (L*, a*, b*) values of the chitosan film increased. Similarly, the scavenging effect of antioxidant assay increased (from 4.97% to 18.63%) with a rise in Chrysanthemum morifolium concentration. 2%, 3%, and 4% of Chrysanthemum morifolium in the chitosan film showed a significant inhibition zone ranging from 2.67 mm to 3.82 mm against Staphylococcus aureus, a spoilage bacterium that is commonly found in chicken and beef products. The storage and pH tests showed that 4% of Chrysanthemum morifolium in the film maintained pH level (safe to consume), and the shelf life was extended from 3 days to 5 days of meat storage.
CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that the incorporation of 4% (v/v) Chrysanthemum morifolium extract into 1.5% (w/v) chitosan film extends the storage duration of raw meat products noticeably by reducing Staphylococcus aureus activity. Therefore, it increases the quality of the edible film as an environmentally friendly food packaging material so that it can act as a substitute for the use of plastic bags. Future studies will be conducted on improving the tensile strength of the edible film to increase the feasibility of using it in the food industry. In addition, the microstructure and surface morphology of the edible film can be further determined.

Matched MeSH terms: Oils, Volatile
Geobacillus zalihae sp. nov., a thermophilic lipolytic bacterium isolated from palm oil mill effluent in Malaysia

Abd Rahman RN, Leow TC, Salleh AB, Basri M

BMC Microbiol, 2007;7:77.
PMID: 17692114

Thermophilic Bacillus strains of phylogenetic Bacillus rRNA group 5 were described as a new genus Geobacillus. Their geographical distribution included oilfields, hay compost, hydrothermal vent or soils. The members from the genus Geobacillus have a growth temperatures ranging from 35 to 78 degrees C and contained iso-branched saturated fatty acids (iso-15:0, iso-16:0 and iso-17:0) as the major fatty acids. The members of Geobacillus have similarity in their 16S rRNA gene sequences (96.5-99.2%). Thermophiles harboring intrinsically stable enzymes are suitable for industrial applications. The quest for intrinsically thermostable lipases from thermophiles is a prominent task due to the laborious processes via genetic modification.

Matched MeSH terms: Plant Oils
Fulltext Omega-3 fatty acids: potential sources in the Malaysian diet with the goal towards achieving recommended nutrient intakes

Ng, T.K.W.

Malays J Nutr, 2006;12(2):181-188.
MyJurnal

Omega-3 fatty acid nutrition is widely recognised as essential to health and general well-being. However, health professionals and the general public in Malaysia may lack knowledge on the sources or the amounts of these essential fat components in foods. This paper attempts to correct this scenario by identifying the potential sources of omega-3 fatty acids [a-linolenic acid (ALA), or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)] in the Malaysian diet and calculating the amounts of these â€œnutrientsâ€ provided per serving of a wide variety of foods. The information generated provides Malaysian health professionals and consumers with options in food choices or meal planning with the goal towards achieving the recommended nutrient intakes for omega-3 fatty acids. The findings in the present study revealed that the potential sources of omega-3 fatty acids in the Malaysian diet in decreasing order are: edible oils (ALA), fish and fish products (EPA+DHA), vegetables (ALA), meat and eggs (EPA+DHA), and milk/milk products (EPA+DHA). Edible oils which are exceptionally high in ALA such as flaxseed oil and perilla oil are presently unavailable at local retail outlets and supermarkets. However, consumers can still meet the recommended nutrient intakes (RNIs) for omega-3 fatty acids of 0.3 to 1.2% energy (equivalent to 0.67g-2.67g) by choosing a wellbalanced diet prepared preferably with a cooking oil blend containing ALA, and one or more servings daily from at least three of the following food groups: (i) fish (â€œjelawatâ€, â€œsiakapâ€, sardines, tuna, mackerel, salmon)/seafoods (shrimps, crab)/meat, (ii) vegetables/soybean/ soybean-based products/beans and peas, (iii) omega-3 enriched/fortified foods (eg. â€œomega-3 eggsâ€), and (iv) ready-to-drink omega-3 milk preparations/soybean milk.

Matched MeSH terms: Plant Oils

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