OBJECTIVES: To explore, map and summarize the extent of evidence from clinical studies investigating the differential expression of lncRNAs in oral/tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

METHODS: PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were used as search engines. Clinical, full-length, English language studies were included. PRISMA-ScR protocol was used to evaluate and present results. The present scoping review summarizes relationships of the differential expression of lncRNAs with the presence of tumour and with clinicopathological features including survival.

RESULTS: Almost half of the investigated transcripts have been explored in more than one study, yet not always with consistent results. The collected data were also compared to the limited studies investigating oral epithelial dysplasia. Data are not easily comparable, first because of different methods used to define what differential expression is, and second because only a limited number of studies performed multivariate analyses to identify clinicopathological features associated with the differentially expressed lncRNAs.

METHODS: Visible proximal surfaces of extracted human teeth were assessed by ICDAS-II before setting them in five manikin mouth models. Then contacting proximal surfaces in mouth models were assessed by BW and CS. Histological validation with polarized-light microscopy served as a gold standard. Pairwise comparisons were performed on area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity of the three methods, and corrected using Bonferroni's method. Sensitivities and specificities were compared using a test of proportions and AUC values were compared using DeLong's method.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Immunohistochemical analysis of 60 thyroidectomy specimens (10 hyperplastic nodules, 14 follicular adenomas and 36 malignant thyroid neoplasms) was carried out. The extent and intensity of HBME-1, CK19, and S100 immunoreactivity was assessed in each case.

RESULTS: HBME-1 positivity was noted in 86.1% of malignant cases while the majority of the benign lesions were negative. Diffuse strong CK19 positivity was documented in 27/31 papillary carcinoma whereas all cases of follicular carcinoma and medullary carcinoma were negative. Most of the hyperplastic nodules and follicular adenomas were also CK19 negative, although focal weak staining was noted in a few cases. S100 was positive only in medullary carcinoma. HBME-1 was most sensitive (86.1%) and specific (87.5%) in distinguishing between benign and malignant thyroid lesions. The diagnostic accuracy was further increased when HBME-1 was used simultaneously with CK19/S100/CK19+S100. The sequential use of HBME-1 and CK19 also proved beneficial in discriminating between the various follicular-patterned thyroid lesions.

METHODS: Thirty Asian female IBS patients (IBS group) and 39 healthy individuals (control group) were included in this study. Brain structural magnetic resonance imaging was performed. We used FreeSurfer to analyze the differences in the cortical thickness and their correlations with patient characteristics.

RESULTS: The left cuneus, left rostral middle frontal cortex, left supramarginal cortex, right caudal anterior cingulate cortex, and bilateral insula exhibited cortical thinning in the IBS group compared with those in the controls. Furthermore, the brain cortical thickness correlated negatively the severity as well as duration of abdominal pain.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a retrospective multicentre study, using pathology archives, 188 verruco-papillary lesions were retrieved from pathology archives. A proforma listing histopathological criteria for OVH based on published guidelines (Annals of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 2013) was used. Patients' demographic and clinical data were transcribed from patient charts. The Pearson chi-square test was used to determine associations between clinical and histopathological features.