Displaying publications 1161 - 1180 of 2920 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Fulltext Community perception on human health effect of the biodiesel as an alternative fuel
    Leman, A.M., Amir Khalid, Dafit Feriyanto, Abdullah, N.H., Abdullah, A.A., Mamat, R.
    Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 2015;12(1):227-231.
    MyJurnal
    In this research, the biodiesel from WCO is used in order to reduce the exhaust emission and to investigate the
    community perception regarding to the human health. Biodiesel production is conducted using trans-esterification
    process with holding time of 2 hours, temperature of 60 oC and conventional frequency of 20 kHz and then followed
    by washing process with holding time of 1 hours, temperature of 50 oC and the frequency of 5 kHz. Biodiesel can
    reduce exhaust emission of NOx up to 55%, NO gas up to 57%, increase CO gas up to 25% and increase CO2 gas up
    to 43.18% as compared to diesel fuel. In addition, biodiesel is achieve good responds from 35 respondents about the
    biodiesel importance.
    Matched MeSH terms: Temperature
  2. Fulltext Indoor air quality: microbe and its relationship toward temperature, relative humidity and carbon dioxide concentration
    Shoffian Amin Jaafar, Suhaily Amran, Mohd Norhafsham Maghpor, Ahmad Sayuti Zainal, Nurzuhairah Jamil, Naemah Tajul Arus, et al.
    Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 2015;12(1):73-80.
    MyJurnal
    Indoor air quality is a term which refers to the air quality in and around buildings and structures, in which it
    is related to the health and comfort of those who are in the building. The study aims to identify the relationship
    between environmental factors with microbe growth by investigating the concentration of airborne bacteria and
    fungi at National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and to determine whether indoor bacteria and
    fungi concentration were associated with environmental factors such as temperature relative humidity and carbon
    dioxide concentration. This research was conducted concurrently with indoor air quality sampling as per requirement
    under the Malaysian Code of Practice of Indoor Air Quality (COP IAQ). The COP IAQ requires minimum of one
    sample to be taken from each area. If an area consists of a few separated rooms, each room is sampled and measured
    independently. Also this approach was used to determine whether there is a difference of indoor bacteria and fungi
    in different microenvironments. Results show that there is a significant correlation between humidity and bacteria
    concentration and fungi concentration; and between temperature and bacteria concentration. However, there is no
    significant correlation between temperature and fungi concentration. This study has also established significant
    difference on bacteria concentration and fungi concentration between microenvironments.
    Matched MeSH terms: Temperature
  3. Fulltext Indoor plants as a filtration of indoor air pollution: a review
    Mohd Mahathir Suhaimi Shamsuri, Leman, A.M.
    Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 2015;12(2):41-48.
    MyJurnal
    Indoor pollution increasingly becomes a public concern. These concerns are related to energy efficiency in a
    building. There are various ways in which it can ensure energy conservation can be achieved, including superinsulation
    and reduced fresh air exchange. As a result, indoor air becomes stagnant and odours, thereafter contaminants of air will
    accumulate and will certainly disrupt human health. It is quite difficult to make people comfortable in a building with
    consumption of energy-saving and human health guaranteed. Indoor plants are one of the alternative solutions that
    have been studied since the last three decades. This paper intends to review the abilities of indoor plants to purify air,
    and the ways used by previous researchers to prove that indoor plants can treat the air. In general, it can be stated that
    indoor plants are able to absorb various types of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). An advantage of indoor plants
    to cure air from carcinogen gas is greatly needed for human health. Therefore, studies on indoor plants to neutralize
    the air are gaining attention. Enclosed space or chamber is often used by researchers to test the ability of indoor plants
    absorb gaseous toxins in their study; because it is easy to handle and can quickly determine the absorption rate. In the
    other hand, environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and light are important to be taken into consideration
    during the study. As a conclusion, it can be stated that the existence of indoor plants in a building is very reasonable,
    because it can give positive impacts on human health and the total energy consumption.
    Matched MeSH terms: Temperature
  4. Study on the physical and chemical composition of agro wastes for the production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural
    Shamsul NS, Kamarudin SK, Rahman NA
    Bioresour Technol, 2018 Jan;247:821-828.
    PMID: 30060418 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.140
    Treated sludge, goat manure, sugarcane bagasse, empty fruit bunches of oil palm (EFBP) and dry leaves are agro wastes that have high potential for use as feedstocks for the production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF). The focus of this study is to investigate the production of 5-HMF from agro wastes via co-hydrothermal (CHT) treatment and extraction. Present study include examine on agro waste's physical and chemical properties and also their thermal degradation behaviour. The analysis of the bio-oil products is conducted by FTIR and GC-MS. Co-hydrothermal experiments were conducted at a temperature of 300°C with an experimental time of 15min, followed by alcohol extraction. Highest carbon and hydrogen content are 45.94% and 6.49% (dry leaves) with maximum high heating value 18.39MJ/kg (dry leaves) and fix carbon value 6.60 (goat manure). Through CHT about 39% 5-HMF, 22.97% carboxylic acids, 0.97% of aromatic and 0.73% aldehyde obtained.
    Matched MeSH terms: Temperature
  5. Fulltext Energy absorption and morphological characteristics of opened-cell green rubber foam at different recycled carbon fiber loading
    Mazliah, M., Noraiham, M., Anisah, A.L., Azrul, Y., Hairul, E.A.M., Jeefferie, A.R., et al.
    Malaysian Journal of Microscopy, 2015;11(1):56-60.
    MyJurnal
    Incineration and disposal of carbon fiber waste from the aircraft industry lead to serious energy consumption and environmental pollution. The use of this waste as reinforcement is a wise approach to appreciate the high performance of the carbon fiber. This study is part of our effort to develop new green rubber foam from recycled carbon fiber prepreg (rCFP) reinforced natural rubber via internal mixer. It is focusing on the effect of different rCFP loading at 1, 3, 5, and 7 parts per hundred rubbers (phr) as reinforcement. The samples were prepared by melt compounding using an internal mixer and expanded via two step heat transfer foaming process. The physical properties of the green rubber foam were characterized and the results were observed to systematically correlate with the impact properties of the foam. The absorbed energy of the foam increases up to 0.3 joules with increasing relative foam density of 0.81 which is associated with the formation of smaller foam cells ~0.68mm and more spherical shape pores.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hot Temperature
  6. Fulltext Screening of significant factors in collagen extraction from hybrid Clarias sp. using a statistical tool
    Kiew, P.L., Mat Don, M.
    International Food Research Journal, 2013;20(4):1913-1920.
    MyJurnal
    Extraction of collagen from muscles of cultured catfish (Clarias gariepinus × C. macrocephalus) with the aid of pepsin digestion was investigated using a statistical tool. Fractional factorial design (FFD) was applied to evaluate the effects of eight process parameters: acetic acid concentration, acid extraction time, acid extraction temperature, acetic acid to muscles ratio, NaOH concentration, NaOH to muscles ratio, NaOH treatment time, and stirring speed. Contribution of every parameter in influencing the extraction efficiency was evaluated and factors that significantly affected the extraction were elucidated by employing experimental design and analysis of variance in FFD. The result of first order factorial design showed that acetic acid concentration, acid extraction time, acid to muscles ratio, and stirring speed had significant effect (P < 0.05) to the yield of pepsin soluble collagen (PSC) obtained at the end of the experiment. Effects of these process factors on the efficiency of collagen extraction were investigated, and are discussed in detail. Optimum conditions were found at 0.5 M acetic acid, 16 hr extraction period, solvent to muscles ratio at 25 ml/g, and stirring speed of 400 rpm, resulting in yield of PSC as high as 211.49 ± 15.51 mg/g.
    Matched MeSH terms: Temperature
  7. Fulltext Optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis conditions of Golden Apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata) protein by Alcalase
    Hamid, S.A., Halim, N.R.A., Sarbon, N.M.
    International Food Research Journal, 2015;22(4):1615-1623.
    MyJurnal
    The objective of this study is to establish conditions that allow optimal yield and antioxidant
    activity for Golden Apple Snail (GAS) (Pomacea canaliculata) protein hydrolysate by employing
    response surface methodology (RSM). A three level, face-centered, central composite design
    (CCD) was adapted to assess the effects of temperature (45–65˚C); pH (8–10); the ratio of
    enzyme to substrate (2–4%); and hydrolysis time (60–180 min). The antioxidative activity
    of the hydrolysate obtained under optimized conditions was then evaluated via the following
    metrics: hydroxyl radical scavenging, reducing power, and chelating effects on ferrous ion.
    Established optimal conditions for the enzymatic protein hydrolysis of GAS were a temperature
    of 45˚C, a pH of 10, an enzyme concentration of 2%, and hydrolysis time of 159 minutes. The
    optimized GAS protein hydrolysate produced an experimental yield of 9.72% and antioxidant
    activity of 73.54%—slightly less than the predicted yield of 11.36% and antioxidant activity of
    78.88%. The optimized GAS protein hydrolysate formed demonstrated both higher chelating
    effects and hydroxyl scavenging activity but had lower reducing power. These results suggest
    that GAS protein hydrolysate holds potential as a natural antioxidant for use in food processing.
    Matched MeSH terms: Temperature
  8. Fulltext Effect of Vietnamese coriander (Persicaria odorata), turmeric (Curcuma longa) and asam gelugor (Garcinia atroviridis) leaf on the microbiological quality of gulai tempoyak paste
    Abdul Aris, M. H., Lee, H. Y., Hussain, N., Ghazali, H., Nordin, W. N., Mahyudin, N. A.
    International Food Research Journal, 2015;22(4):1657-1661.
    MyJurnal
    The objective of this study was to determine microbiological quality of gulai tempoyak paste (GTP) added with three different leaf; Vietnamese coriander, turmeric and asam gelugor. The GTP was cooked for 10 minutes with control temperature (60-70°C) and the leaf were added at 2, 5 and 8 minutes during the cooking time to give exposure times of 8, 5 and 2 minutes of the leaf to GTP. GTP without addition of leaf was treated as control and all the prepared GTPs were stored at 30°C for 2 days before analysed using total plate count (TPC) and yeast and mould count (YMC). The addition of asam gelugor leaf to GTP for 5 minutes of the cooking period significantly (p > 0.05) reduced TPC (log10 3.54 CFU/g) compared to Vietnamese coriander (log10 4.67 CFU/g) and turmeric leaf (log10 4.70 CFU/g). Asam gelugor leaf also showed a significant difference in TPC reduction (log10 4.44 CFU/g) when added to GTP for 8 minutes compared to Vietnamese coriander (log10 5.10 CFU/g), but was insignificant to turmeric leaf (log10 4.71 CFU/g). In conclusion, there are significant effects on microbiological quality of GTP when added with Vietnamese coriander, turmeric and asam gelugor leaf at different exposure time based on TPC and YMC.
    Matched MeSH terms: Temperature
  9. Fulltext Heterocyclic aromatic amines in deep fried lamb meat: The influence of spices marination and sensory quality
    S J, Iqbal SZ, Talib NH, Hasnol ND
    J Food Sci Technol, 2016 Mar;53(3):1411-7.
    PMID: 27570265 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-015-2137-0
    The present study was focused to investigate the effect of selected spices (turmeric, torch ginger, lemongrass and curry leaves) on the formation of heterocyclic amines (HCAs, IQx, MeIQ, MeIQx, DiMeIQx, IQ, harman, norharman, and AαC) in deep fried lamb meat. Meat samples were marinated with optimized levels of turmeric (4 %), 10 % each of torch ginger, lemon grass, curry leaves at medium (70 °C) and well done (80 °C) doneness temperatures. The concentration of HCAs in deep fried meat samples were analysed using LC-MS/MS technique. The results revealed that torch ginger (10 %) has reduced 74.8 % of Me1Qx (1.39 to 0.35 ng/g) at medium doneness, followed by the 64.7 % reduction, using curry leaves and turmeric at medium degree of doneness. Torch ginger has reduced 86.6 % of AαC (2.59 to 0.40 ng/g) at well done doneness. The most prevalence level of HCAs was found in deep fried meat i.e. DiMeIQ (3.69 ng/g) at well done doneness. The sensory evaluation, using a 7 point hedonic test design for colour and texture in deep fried meat samples were resulted in a preferred color of golden brown and slightly tough texture. The use of local spices in marinating of deep fried lamb meat samples will certainly inhibit/reduce the level of these toxic and harmful HCAs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Temperature
  10. Data on modeling mycelium growth in Pleurotus sp. cultivation by using agricultural wastes via two level factorial analysis
    Dzulkefli NA, Zainol N
    Data Brief, 2018 Oct;20:1710-1720.
    PMID: 30263925 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.09.008
    In this article, five variables including type of substrates, sizes of substrates, mass ratio of spawn to substrates (SP/SS), temperature and pretreatment of substrates were used to model mycelium growth in Pleurotus sp. (oyster mushroom) cultivation by using agricultural wastes via two level factorial analysis. Two different substrates which were empty fruit bunch (EFB) and sugarcane bagasse (SB) were used. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for both mycelium extension rate (M) and nitrogen concentration in mycelium (N) showed that the confidence level was greater than 95% while p-value of both models were less than 0.05 which is significant. The coefficient of determination (R2) for both M and N were 0.8829 and 0.9819 respectively. From the experiment, the best condition to achieve maximum M (0.8 cm/day) and N (656 mg/L) was by using substrate B, 2.5 cm size of substrate, 1:14 for SP/SS, incubated at ambient temperature and application of steam treatment. The data showed that EFB can be used to replace sawdust as a media for the oyster mushroom cultivation. Data analysis was performed using Design Expert version 7.0.
    Matched MeSH terms: Temperature
  11. Fulltext Formulation of chelating agent with surfactant in cloud point extraction of methylphenol in water
    Hazrina HZ, Noorashikin MS, Beh SY, Loh SH, Zain NNM
    R Soc Open Sci, 2018 Jul;5(7):180070.
    PMID: 30109066 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.180070
    Cloud point extraction (CPE) is a separation and preconcentration of non-ionic surfactant from one liquid phase to another. In this study, Sylgard 309 and three different types of additives for CPE, namely CPE-Sylgard, CPE-Sylgard-BMIMBr and CPE-Sylgard-GLDA, are investigated to extract methylphenol from water samples. The methylphenols are well separated by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with isocratic elution of acetonitrile : water; 60 : 40 (v/v) and detection at 260 nm. The optimized parameters for the effect of salt, surfactant, temperature, time of extraction, pH, interference study and the performance of different additives on methylphenol extraction are investigated. CPE-Sylgard-GLDA is chosen because it gives us a high peak and good peak area compared with CPE-Sylgard and CPE-Sylgard-BMIMBr. The recovery extractions of CPE-Sylgard-GLDA are obtained in the range of 80-99% as the percentage of relative standard deviation (RSD) is less than 10. The LOD and LOQ are 0.05 ppm and 0.18 ppm, respectively. The method developed for CPE-Sylgard-GLDA coupled with HPLC is feasible for the determination of methylphenol because it is simple, effective, cheap, and produces a high percentage of recovery.
    Matched MeSH terms: Temperature
  12. Optimization of aluminium recovery from water treatment sludge using Response Surface Methodology
    Ooi TY, Yong EL, Din MFM, Rezania S, Aminudin E, Chelliapan S, et al.
    J Environ Manage, 2018 Dec 15;228:13-19.
    PMID: 30212670 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.09.008
    For decades, water treatment plants in Malaysia have widely employed aluminium-based coagulant for the removal of colloidal particles in surface water. This generates huge amount of by-product, known as sludge that is either reused for land applications or disposed to landfills. As sludge contains high concentration of aluminium, both can pose severe environmental issues. Therefore, this study explored the potential to recover aluminium from water treatment sludge using acid leaching process. The evaluation of aluminium recovery efficiency was conducted in two phases. The first phase used the one factor at a time (OFAT) approach to study the effects of acid concentration, solid to liquid ratio, temperature and heating time. Meanwhile, second phase emphasized on the optimization of aluminium recovery using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). OFAT results indicated that aluminium recovery increased with the rising temperature and heating time. Acid concentration and solid to liquid ratio, however, showed an initial increment followed by reduction of recovery with increasing concentration and ratio. Due to the solidification of sludge when acid concentration exceeded 4 M, this variable was fixed in the optimization study. RSM predicted that aluminium recovery can achieve 70.3% at optimal values of 4 M, 20.9%, 90 °C and 4.4 h of acid concentration, solid to liquid ratio, temperature and heating time, respectively. Experimental validation demonstrated a recovery of 68.8 ± 0.3%. The small discrepancy of 2.2 ± 0.4% between predicted and validated recovery suggests that RSM was a suitable tool in optimizing aluminium recovery conditions for water treatment sludge.
    Matched MeSH terms: Temperature
  13. Fulltext Simulation and optimisation of Bioethanol purification using extractive distillation with additive solvent
    Anisuzzaman, S.M., Krishnaiah, D., Bono, A., Lahin, F.A., Suali, E., Zuyyin, I.A.Z.
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2018;26(2):707-718.
    MyJurnal
    In this study, simulation and optimisation of the purification of bioethanol from an azeotropic mixture was done using the Aspen HYSYS and the Response Surface Methodology (RSM), respectively, to achieve an acceptable bioethanol content with minimal energy use. The objective of this study is to develop the simulation process of bioethanol production from a fermentation effluent. Additionally, the effects of parameters such as solvent temperature, number of entrainer feed stage, mass flow rate and third components of the process for production of bioethanol were studied. As bioethanol is a product of biofuel production, the main challenge facing bioethanol production is the separation of high purity ethanol. However, the separation of ethanol and water can be achieved with the addition of a suitable solvent such as 1,3-butylene glycol (13C4Diol), mixture 13C4Diol and ethylene glycol (EGlycol) and mixture 13C4Diol and glycol ethyl ether (DEG) in the extractive distillation process. For the 13C4Diol mixture, the temperature of entrainer is 90oC with 1500 kg/hr of entrainer rate, while the number of entrainer feed stage is one. The optimum conditions for mixture 13C4Diol and EGlycol require a temperature of entrainer of 90.77oC with an entrainer rate of 1500 kg/hr, while the number of entrainer feed stage is one. Lastly, for optimum conditions for the mixture 13C4Diol and DEG, the temperature of entrainer should be 90oC with an entrainer rate of 1564.04 kg/hr, while the number of entrainer feed stage is one. This study shows that process simulation and optimisation can enhance the removal of water from an azeotropic mixture.
    Matched MeSH terms: Temperature
  14. Identification of VOCs from natural rubber by different headspace techniques coupled using GC-MS
    Kamarulzaman NH, Le-Minh N, Stuetz RM
    Talanta, 2019 Jan 01;191:535-544.
    PMID: 30262095 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.09.019
    Different extraction procedures were evaluated to assess their potential for measuring volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from raw rubber materials. Four headspace sampling techniques (SHS, DHS, HS-SPME and µ-CTE) were studied. Each method was firstly optimised to ensure their reliability in performance. Passive sampling was also compared as a rapid identification of background VOCs. 352 VOCs were identified, 71 from passive sampling and 281 from active headspace sampling, with 62 not previously reported (hexanenitrile, octanone, decanal, indole, aniline, anisole, alpha-pinene as well as pentanol and butanol). The volatiles belonged to a broad range of chemical classes (ketones, aldehydes, aromatics, acids, alkanes, alcohol and cyclic) with their thermal effects (lower boiling points) greatly affecting their abundance at a higher temperature. Micro-chamber (µ-CTE) was found to be the most suitability for routine assessments due to its operational efficiency (rapidity, simplicity and repeatability), identifying 115 compounds from both temperatures (30 °C and 60 °C). Whereas, HS-SPME a widely applied headspace technique, only identified 75 compounds and DHS identified 74 VOCs and SHS only 17 VOCs. Regardless of the extraction technique, the highest extraction efficiency corresponded to aromatics and acids, and the lowest compound extraction were aldehyde and hydrocarbon. The interaction between techniques and temperature for all chemical groups were evaluated using two-way ANOVA (p-value is 0.000197) explaining the highly significant interactions between factors.
    Matched MeSH terms: Temperature
  15. Climate change in Malaysia: Trends, contributors, impacts, mitigation and adaptations
    Tang KHD
    Sci Total Environ, 2019 Feb 10;650(Pt 2):1858-1871.
    PMID: 30290336 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.316
    PURPOSE: This paper reviews the past and future trends of climate change in Malaysia, the major contributors of greenhouse gases and the impacts of climate change to Malaysia. It also reviews the mitigation and adaptations undertaken, and future strategies to manage the impacts of regional climate change.

    METHODOLOGY: The review encompasses historical climate data comprising mean daily temperature, precipitation, mean sea level and occurrences of extreme weather events. Future climate projections have also been reviewed in addition to scholarly papers and news articles related to impacts, contributors, mitigation and adaptations in relation to climate change.

    FINDINGS: The review shows that annual mean temperature, occurrences of extreme weather events and mean sea level are rising while rainfall shows variability. Future projections point to continuous rise of temperature and mean sea level till the end of the 21st century, highly variable rainfall and increased frequency of extreme weather events. Climate change impacts particularly on agriculture, forestry, biodiversity, water resources, coastal and marine resources, public health and energy. The energy and waste management sectors are the major contributors to climate change. Mitigation of and adaptations to climate change in Malaysia revolve around policy setting, enactment of laws, formulation and implementation of plans and programmes, as well as global and regional collaborations, particularly for energy, water resources, agriculture and biodiversity. There are apparent shortcomings in continuous improvement and monitoring of the programmes as well as enforcement of the relevant laws.

    ORIGINALITY/VALUE: This paper presents a comprehensive review of the major themes of climate change in Malaysia and recommends pertinent ways forward to fill the gaps of mitigation and adaptations already implemented.

    Matched MeSH terms: Temperature
  16. Fulltext Data on micrometeorological parameters and Energy Fluxes at an intertidal zone of a Tropical Coastal Ocean
    Yusup Y, Kayode JS, Alkarkhi AFM
    Data Brief, 2018 Dec;21:13-17.
    PMID: 30310834 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.09.108
    Data on the micrometeorological parameters and Energy Fluxes at an intertidal zone of a Tropical Coastal Ocean was carried out on an installed eddy covariance instruments at a Muka head station in the north-western end of the Pinang Island (5°28'06''N, 100°12'01''E), Peninsula Malaysia. The vast source of the supply of energy and heat to the hydrologic and earth׳s energy cycles principally come from the oceans. The exchange of energies via air-sea interactions is crucial to the understanding of climate variability, energy, and water budget. The turbulent energy fluxes are primary mechanisms through which the ocean releases the heat absorbed from the solar radiations to the environment. The eddy covariance (EC) system is the direct technique of measuring the micrometeorological parameters which allow the measurement of these turbulent fluxes in the time scale of half-hourly basis at 20 Hz over a long period. The data being presented is the comparison of the two-year seasonality patterns of monsoons variability on the measured microclimate variables in the southern South China Sea coastal area.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hot Temperature
  17. Fulltext The occurrence and analysis of bisphenol A (BPA) in environmental samples – a review
    Farhana Mohamed Ghazali, Wan Lutfi Wan Johari
    Journal of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2015;3(2):30-38.
    MyJurnal
    This review paper briefly explains the meaning and characteristics of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs). EDCs comprise various types of natural and synthetic chemical compounds that can impede the reproductive action of the endocrine system in animals and humans. Further discussion is on bisphenol A (BPA), one of the examples of EDCs that is extensively used in industries nowadays. It acts as a monomer, which is desired in the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. BPA later ends up in environmental compartments (air, water, sediment). In spite of this, BPA is not categorized as a persistent compound and it will be degraded either by photolysis or bacteria. It can only exist between three and five days in the environment. The concentration of BPA varies in different locations depending on the temperature, pH, source and time of sampling. BPA has been frequently debated due to its toxicity and carcinogenicity towards animals and humans. This paper also explains several extraction procedures and analytical methods concerning how to identify BPA in either aqueous or solid samples. However, an additional review is needed in respect of how to handle, reduce the level of BPA in the environment and understand the details concerning the existence of BPA.
    Matched MeSH terms: Temperature
  18. Fulltext Bacteriophages and their applications
    Thung, T.Y., Lee, E., Tan, C.W., Malcolm, T.T.H., New, C.Y., Ramzi, O.S.B., et al.
    Food Research, 2018;2(5):404-414.
    MyJurnal
    Bacteriophages are ubiquitous in our world, mainly in the oceans, soil, the water and food
    we consume. They can be used efficiently in modern biotechnology, as well as alternatives
    to antibiotics for many antibiotic resistant bacterial strains. Phages can be used as vehicles
    for vaccines both DNA and protein, for the detection of pathogenic bacterial strain, as biocontrol
    agents in agriculture and food industry. This review outlines the properties as well
    as the influence of different external physical and chemical factors like temperature and
    acidity on phage persistence. A better understanding of the complex problem of phage
    sensitivity to external factors may be useful for other researchers working with phages.
    Furthermore, the applications of bacteriophages were described in this paper as well.
    Matched MeSH terms: Temperature
  19. Fulltext Assay for heavy metals using an inhibitive assay based on the acetylcholinesterase from Channa striatus
    Zulkifli, A.F., Tham, L.G., Perumal, N., Azzeme, A., Shukor, M.Y., Shaharuddin, N.A., et al.
    Bioremediation Science and Technology Research, 2017;5(1):7-11.
    MyJurnal
    Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is usually used as an inhibitive assay for insecticides. A lesser
    known property of AChE is its inhibition by heavy metals. In this work we evaluate an AChE
    from brains of striped snakehead (Channa striatus) wastes from aquaculture industry as an
    inhibitive assay for heavy metals. We discovered that the AChE was inhibited almost completely
    by Hg2+, Ag2+ and Cu2+ during an initial screening. When tested at various concentrations, the
    heavy metals exhibited exponential decay type inhibition curves. The calculated IC50 for the
    heavy metals Hg2+, Ag2+, Pb2+, Cu2+ and Cr6+ were 0.08432, 0.1008, 0.1255, 0.0871, and 0.1771,
    respectively. The IC50 for these heavy metals are comparable and some are lower than the IC50
    values from the cholinesterases from previously studied fish. The assay can be carried out in less
    than 30 minutes at ambient temperature.
    Matched MeSH terms: Temperature
  20. Fulltext The use of environmentally friendly bio-oil in the production of Phenol Formaldehyde (PF) resin
    Omar, Naja Nadiera, Iskandar Shahrim Mustafa, Nurhayati Abdullah, Rokiah Hashim
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2018;26(1):177-192.
    MyJurnal
    Phenol Formaldehyde (PF) resin has been extensively used in the manufacturing industry as a binding agent, especially in the production of wood-based panels because of its ability to provide good moisture resistance, exterior strength and durability as well as excellent temperature stability. However, due to the use of limited petroleum-based phenol in its formulation, there is a strong interest in exploring renewable biomass material to partially substitute the petroleum-based phenol. In this study, the slow pyrolysis of biomass decomposition process was used to convert two types of biomass, namely, oil palm frond and Rhizophora hardwood, into bio-oil. The phenol-rich fraction of the bio-oil was separated and added into the formulation of PF resin to produce an environmentally-friendly type of PF resin, known as bio-oilphenol-formaldehyde (BPF) resin. This BPF resin was observed to have comparable viscosity, better alkalinity, improved non-volatile content and faster curing temperature than conventional PF resin. Moreover, the particleboard bonded with this BPF resin was observed to have just as excellent bonding strength as the one bonded using conventional PF resin. However, the BPF resin exhibited an increased level of free formaldehyde and less thermal stability than the conventional PF resin, probably due to the addition of the less reactive bio-oil.
    Matched MeSH terms: Temperature
Related Terms
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links