Displaying publications 101 - 120 of 648 in total

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  1. Fulltext A Potent Antifungal Agent for Basal Stem Rot Disease Treatment in Oil Palms Based on Chitosan-Dazomet Nanoparticles
    Maluin FN, Hussein MZ, Yusof NA, Fakurazi S, Idris AS, Hilmi NHZ, et al.
    Int J Mol Sci, 2019 May 07;20(9).
    PMID: 31067720 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092247
    The use of nanotechnology could play a significant role in the agriculture sector, especially in the preparation of new-generation agronanochemicals. Currently, the economically important plant of Malaysia, the oil palm, faces the threat of a devastating disease which is particularly caused by a pathogenic fungus, Ganoderma boninense. For the development of an effective antifungal agent, a series of chitosan nanoparticles loaded with a fumigant, dazomet, were prepared using various concentrations of sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP)-2.5, 5, 10, and 20 mg/mL, abbreviated as CDEN2.5, CDEN5, CDEN10, and CDEN20, respectively. The effect of TPP as a crosslinking agent on the resulting particle size of the synthesized nanoparticles was investigated using a particle size analyzer and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Both methods confirmed that increasing the TPP concentration resulted in smaller particles. In addition, in vitro fumigant release at pH 5.5 showed that the release of the fumigant from the nanoparticles was of a sustained manner, with a prolonged release time up to 24 h. Furthermore, the relationship between the chitosan-dazomet nanoparticles and the in vitro antifungal activity against G. boninense was also explored, where the nanoparticles of the smallest size, CDEN20, gave the highest antifungal efficacy with the lowest half maximum effective concentration (EC50) value of 13.7 ± 1.76 ppb. This indicates that the smaller-sized agronanoparticles were more effective as an antifungal agent. The size can be altered, which plays a crucial role in combatting the Ganoderma disease. The agronanoparticles have controlled release properties and high antifungal efficacy on G. boninense, thus making them a promising candidate to be applied in the field for Ganoderma treatment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles/chemistry*
  2. Current potential and challenges in the advances of liquid crystalline nanoparticles as drug delivery systems
    Madheswaran T, Kandasamy M, Bose RJ, Karuppagounder V
    Drug Discov Today, 2019 07;24(7):1405-1412.
    PMID: 31102731 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.05.004
    Lyotropic nonlamellar liquid crystalline nanoparticles (NPs) (LCN), such as cubosomes and hexosomes, are useful tools for applications in drug delivery because of their unique structural properties. LCNs are highly versatile carriers that can be applied for use with topical, oral, and intravenous treatments. In recent years, significant research has focused on improving their preparation and characterization, including controlling drug release and enhancing the efficacy of loaded bioactive molecules. Nevertheless, the clinical translation of LCN-based carriers has been slow. In this review, we highlight recent advances and challenges in the development and application of LCN, providing examples of their topical, oral, and intravenous drug delivery applications, and discussing translational obstacles to LCN as a NP technology.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles/chemistry*
  3. Protective potential of cerium oxide nanoparticles in diabetes mellitus
    Chai WF, Tang KS
    J Trace Elem Med Biol, 2021 Jul;66:126742.
    PMID: 33773280 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126742
    BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a non-communicable metabolic disease which is closely related to excessive oxidative stress after constant exposure to high plasma glucose. Although the current antidiabetic medications are effective in lowering blood glucose, these medications do not prevent or reverse the disease progression. Thus, there is a crucial need to explore new therapeutic interventions that could address this shortcoming. As cerium oxide nanoparticles (CONPs) possess antioxidant property, this agent may be used as a treatment option for the management of DM.

    PURPOSE: This review aims to provide a critical evaluation of the pharmacological and antidiabetic effects of CONPs in cell and animal models. The roles of CONPs in attenuating DM complications are also presented in this report.

    METHODS: We conducted a literature search in the PubMed database using the keywords "cerium oxide", "cerous oxide", "ceria", "nanoceria", and "diabetes" from inception to December 2020. The inclusion criteria were primary source articles that investigated the role of CONPs in DM and diabetic complications.

    RESULTS: We identified 47 articles from the initial search. After the thorough screening, only 31 articles were included in this study. We found that CONPs can attenuate parameters that are related to DM and diabetic complications in various animals and cell culture models.

    CONCLUSION: CONPs could potentially be used in the treatment of those with DM and complications caused by the disease.

    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles/chemistry*
  4. Tailored rigidity of W/O Pickering emulsions using diacylglycerol-based surface-active solid lipid nanoparticles
    Li G, Lee WJ, Tan CP, Lai OM, Wang Y, Qiu C
    Food Funct, 2021 Nov 29;12(23):11732-11746.
    PMID: 34698749 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01883c
    Pickering water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions were fabricated by using medium-long chain diacylglycerol (MLCD)-based solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and the connection between the characteristics of the SLNs and the colloidal stability of the emulsions was established. Via melt-emulsification and ultrasonication, MLCD-based SLNs with particle sizes of 120-300 nm were obtained with or without other surfactants. The particle size of the SLNs was influenced by the chemical properties of the surfactants, and surfactants decreased the contact angle of SLNs at the oil-water interface. Gelation was observed in SLNs modified by sodium stearoyl lactylate and lecithin, whereas the addition of Tween 20 resulted in a homogeneous SLN solution. The adsorption of surfactants onto SLN surfaces caused the production of higher amounts of α crystals accompanied by delayed crystallization onset which contributed to the reduction of particle size, interfacial tension and oil wetting ability. The W/O emulsions with higher rigidity and physical stability can be obtained by varying surfactant types and by increasing SLN mass ratios to 60%, whereby more SLNs are adsorbed at the droplet surface as a Pickering stabilizer. This study provides useful insights for the development of diacylglycerol-based SLNs and Pickering W/O emulsions which have great potential for food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles/chemistry*
  5. Investigations on the interactions of proteins with nanocellulose produced via sulphuric acid hydrolysis
    Gunathilake TMSU, Ching YC, Uyama H, Nguyen DH, Chuah CH
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2021 Dec 15;193(Pt B):1522-1531.
    PMID: 34740692 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.215
    The investigation of protein-nanoparticle interactions contributes to the understanding of nanoparticle bio-reactivity and creates a database of nanoparticles for use in nanomedicine, nanodiagnosis, and nanotherapy. In this study, hen's egg white was used as the protein source to study the interaction of proteins with sulphuric acid hydrolysed nanocellulose (CNC). Several techniques such as FTIR, zeta potential measurement, UV-vis spectroscopy, compressive strength, TGA, contact angle and FESEM provide valuable information in the protein-CNC interaction study. The presence of a broader peak in the 1600-1050 cm-1 range of CNC/egg white protein FTIR spectrum compared to the 1600-1050 cm-1 range of CNC sample indicated the binding of egg white protein to CNC surface. The contact angle with the glass surface decreased with the addition of CNC to egg white protein. The FESEM EDX spectra showed a higher amount of N and Na on the surface of CNC. It indicates the density of protein molecules higher around CNC. The zeta potential of CNC changed from -26.7 ± 0.46 to -21.7 ± 0.2 with the introduction of egg white protein due to the hydrogen bonding, polar bonds and electrostatic interaction between surface CNC and protein. The compressive strength of the egg white protein films increased from 0.064 ± 0.01 to 0.36 ± 0.02 MPa with increasing the CNC concentration from 0 to 4.73% (w/v). The thermal decomposition temperature of CNC/egg white protein decreased compared to egg white protein thermal decomposition temperature. According to UV-Vis spectroscopy, the far-UV light (207-222nm) absorption peak slightly changed in the CNC/egg white protein spectrum compared to the egg white protein spectrum. Based on the results, the observations of protein nanoparticle interactions provide an additional understanding, besides the theoretical simulations from previous studies. Also, the results indicate to aim CNC for the application of nanomedicine and nanotherapy. A new insight given by us in this research assumes a reasonable solution to these crucial applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles/chemistry*
  6. Engineered Hydrogels in Cancer Therapy and Diagnosis
    Sepantafar M, Maheronnaghsh R, Mohammadi H, Radmanesh F, Hasani-Sadrabadi MM, Ebrahimi M, et al.
    Trends Biotechnol, 2017 11;35(11):1074-1087.
    PMID: 28734545 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2017.06.015
    Over the last decade, numerous investigations have attempted to clarify the intricacies of tumor development to propose effective approaches for cancer treatment. Thanks to the unique properties of hydrogels, researchers have made significant progress in tumor model reconstruction, tumor diagnosis, and associated therapies. Notably, hydrogel-based systems can be adjusted to respond to cancer-specific hallmarks and/or external stimuli. These well-known drug reservoirs can be used as smart carriers for multiple cargos, including both naked and nanoparticle-encapsulated chemotherapeutics, genes, and radioisotopes. Recent works have attempted to specialize hydrogels for cancer research; we comprehensively review this topic for the first time, synthesizing past results and defining paths for future work.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles/chemistry
  7. Manipulation and Immobilization of a Single Fluorescence Nanosensor for Selective Injection into Cells
    Hashim H, Maruyama H, Masuda T, Arai F
    Sensors (Basel), 2016 Dec 01;16(12).
    PMID: 27916931
    Manipulation and injection of single nanosensors with high cell viability is an emerging field in cell analysis. We propose a new method using fluorescence nanosensors with a glass nanoprobe and optical control of the zeta potential. The nanosensor is fabricated by encapsulating a fluorescence polystyrene nanobead into a lipid layer with 1,3,3-trimethylindolino-6'-nitrobenzopyrylospiran (SP), which is a photochromic material. The nanobead contains iron oxide nanoparticles and a temperature-sensitive fluorescent dye, Rhodamine B. The zeta potential of the nanosensor switches between negative and positive by photo-isomerization of SP with ultraviolet irradiation. The positively-charged nanosensor easily adheres to a negatively-charged glass nanoprobe, is transported to a target cell, and then adheres to the negatively-charged cell membrane. The nanosensor is then injected into the cytoplasm by heating with a near-infrared (NIR) laser. As a demonstration, a single 750 nm nanosensor was picked-up using a glass nanoprobe with optical control of the zeta potential. Then, the nanosensor was transported and immobilized onto a target cell membrane. Finally, it was injected into the cytoplasm using a NIR laser. The success rates of pick-up and cell immobilization of the nanosensor were 75% and 64%, respectively. Cell injection and cell survival rates were 80% and 100%, respectively.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles/chemistry
  8. Properties of cellulose nanocrystals from oil palm trunk isolated by total chlorine free method
    Lamaming J, Hashim R, Leh CP, Sulaiman O
    Carbohydr Polym, 2017 Jan 20;156:409-416.
    PMID: 27842840 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.09.053
    Cellulose nanocrystals were isolated from oil palm trunk by total chlorine free method. The samples were either water pre-hydrolyzed or non-water pre-hydrolyzed, subjected to soda pulping, acidified and ozone bleached. Cellulose and cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) physical, chemical, thermal properties, and crystallinity index were investigated by composition analysis, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, fourier transform infrared, thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray diffraction. Water pre-hydrolysis reduced lignin (<0.5%) and increased holocellulose (99.6%) of ozone-bleached cellulose. Water pre-hydrolyzed cellulose exhibited surface fibrillation and peeling off after acid hydrolysis process compared to non-fibrillated of non-water pre-hydrolyzed cellulose. Water pre-hydrolysis improved final CNC crystallinity (up to 75%) compared to CNC without water pre-hydrolysis crystallinity (69%). Cellulose degradation was found to occur during ozone bleaching stage but CNC showed an increase in crystallinity after acid hydrolysis. Thus, oil palm trunk CNC can be potentially applied in pharmaceutical, food, medical and nanocomposites.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles/chemistry*
  9. Recent Advances in Non-Invasive Delivery of Macromolecules using Nanoparticulate Carriers System
    Shadab M, Haque S, Sheshala R, Meng LW, Meka VS, Ali J
    Curr Pharm Des, 2017;23(3):440-453.
    PMID: 27784250 DOI: 10.2174/1381612822666161026163201
    BACKGROUND: The drug delivery of macromolecules such as proteins and peptides has become an important area of research and represents the fastest expanding share of the market for human medicines. The most common method for delivering macromolecules is parenterally. However parenteral administration of some therapeutic macromolecules has not been effective because of their rapid clearance from the body. As a result, most macromolecules are only therapeutically useful after multiple injections, which causes poor compliance and systemic side effects.

    METHOD: Therefore, there is a need to improve delivery of therapeutic macromolecules to enable non-invasive delivery routes, less frequent dosing through controlled-release drug delivery, and improved drug targeting to increase efficacy and reduce side effects.

    RESULT: Non-invasive administration routes such as intranasal, pulmonary, transdermal, ocular and oral delivery have been attempted intensively by formulating macromolecules into nanoparticulate carriers system such as polymeric and lipidic nanoparticles.

    CONCLUSION: This review discusses barriers to drug delivery and current formulation technologies to overcome the unfavorable properties of macromolecules via non-invasive delivery (mainly intranasal, pulmonary, transdermal oral and ocular) with a focus on nanoparticulate carrier systems. This review also provided a summary and discussion of recent data on non-invasive delivery of macromolecules using nanoparticulate formulations.

    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles/chemistry*
  10. Lignocellulosic biomass supported metal nanoparticles for the catalytic reduction of organic pollutants
    Akhtar K, Ali F, Sohni S, Kamal T, Asiri AM, Bakhsh EM, et al.
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2020 Jan;27(1):823-836.
    PMID: 31811610 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06908-y
    Lignocellulosic biomass waste is a cheap, eco-friendly, and sustainable raw material for a wide array of applications. In the present study, an easy, fast, and economically feasible route has been proposed for the preparation of different zero-valent metal nanoparticles (ZV-MNPs) based on Cu, Co, Ag, and Ni NPs using empty fruit bunch (EFB) biomass residue as support material. The catalytic efficiency of ZV-MNPs/EFB catalyst was investigated against five model pollutants, such as methyl orange (MO), congo red (CR), methylene blue (MB), acridine orange (AO), and 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) using NaBH4 as a source of hydrogen and electron. Comparative study revealed that among as-prepared ZV-MNPs/EFB catalysts, Cu-NPs immobilized onto EFB (Cu/EFB) exhibited maximum catalytic efficiency towards pollutant abasement. Degradation reactions were highly efficient, and were completed within a short time (4 min) in case of MO, CR, and MB, whilst AO and 4-NP were reduced in less than 15 min. Kinetic investigation revealed that the degradation rate of model pollutants accorded with pseudo-first order model. Furthermore, supported catalysts were easily recovered after the completion of experiment by simply pulling the catalyst from reaction system. Recyclability tests performed on Cu/EFB revealed that more than 97% of the reduction was achieved in case of MO dye for four successive cycles of reuse. The as-prepared heterostructure showed multifunctional properties, such as enhanced uptake of contaminants, high catalytic efficiency, and easy recovery, hence, offers great prospects in wastewater purification.
    Matched MeSH terms: Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry*
  11. Multi-drug resistant ESKAPE pathogens and the uses of plants as their antimicrobial agents
    Idris FN, Nadzir MM
    Arch Microbiol, 2023 Mar 14;205(4):115.
    PMID: 36917278 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03455-6
    Infections by ESKAPE (Enterococcus sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp.) pathogens cause major concern due to their multi-drug resistance (MDR). The ESKAPE pathogens are frequently linked to greater mortality, diseases, and economic burden in healthcare worldwide. Therefore, the use of plants as a natural source of antimicrobial agents provide a solution as they are easily available and safe to use. These natural drugs can also be enhanced by incorporating silver nanoparticles and combining them with existing antibiotics. By focussing the attention on the ESKAPE organisms, the MDR issue can be addressed much better.
    Matched MeSH terms: Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry
  12. Fulltext Synthesis and characterization of rice straw/Fe3O4 nanocomposites by a quick precipitation method
    Khandanlou R, Bin Ahmad M, Shameli K, Kalantari K
    Molecules, 2013 Jun 05;18(6):6597-607.
    PMID: 23739066 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18066597
    Small sized magnetite iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-NPs) with were successfully synthesized on the surface of rice straw using the quick precipitation method in the absence of any heat treatment. Ferric chloride (FeCl3·6H2O), ferrous chloride (FeCl2·4H2O), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and urea (CH4N2O) were used as Fe3O4-NPs precursors, reducing agent and stabilizer, respectively. The rice straw fibers were dispersed in deionized water, and then urea was added to the suspension, after that ferric and ferrous chloride were added to this mixture and stirred. After the absorption of iron ions on the surface layer of the fibers, the ions were reduced with NaOH by a quick precipitation method. The reaction was carried out under N2 gas. The mean diameter and standard deviation of metal oxide NPs synthesized in rice straw/Fe3O4 nanocomposites (NCs) were 9.93 ± 2.42 nm. The prepared rice straw/Fe3O4-NCS were characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXF) and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT‒IR). The rice straw/Fe3O4-NCs prepared by this method have magnetic properties.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles/chemistry
  13. Fulltext Ultra-Sensitive Humidity Sensor Based on Optical Properties of Graphene Oxide and Nano-Anatase TiO2
    Ghadiry M, Gholami M, Lai CK, Ahmad H, Chong WY
    PLoS One, 2016;11(4):e0153949.
    PMID: 27101247 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153949
    Generally, in a waveguide-based humidity sensors, increasing the relative humidity (RH) causes the cladding refractive index (RI) to increase due to cladding water absorption. However, if graphene oxide (GO) is used, a reverse phenomenon is seen due to a gap increase in graphene layers. In this paper, this interesting property is applied in order to fabricate differential humidity sensor using the difference between RI of reduced GO (rGO) and nano-anatase TiO2 in a chip. First, a new approach is proposed to prepare high quality nano-anatase TiO2 in solution form making the fabrication process simple and straightforward. Then, the resulted solutions (TiO2 and GO) are effortlessly drop casted and reduced on SU8 two channels waveguide and extensively examined against several humid conditions. Investigating the sensitivity and performance (response time) of the device, reveals a great linearity in a wide range of RH (35% to 98%) and a variation of more than 30 dB in transmitted optical power with a response time of only ~0.7 sec. The effect of coating concentration and UV treatment are studied on the performance and repeatability of the sensor and the attributed mechanisms explained. In addition, we report that using the current approach, devices with high sensitivity and very low response time of only 0.3 sec can be fabricated. Also, the proposed device was comprehensively compared with other state of the art proposed sensors in the literature and the results were promising. Since high sensitivity ~0.47dB/%RH and high dynamic performances were demonstrated, this sensor is a proper choice for biomedical applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry*
  14. Fulltext Kinetics and mechanism of nanoparticles-catalyzed piperidinolysis of anionic phenyl salicylate
    Razak NA, Khan MN
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:604139.
    PMID: 25478597 DOI: 10.1155/2014/604139
    The values of the relative counterion (X) binding constant R(X)(Br) (=K(X)/K(Br), where K(X) and K(Br) represent cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, CTABr, micellar binding constants of X(v-) (in non-spherical micelles), v = 1,2, and Br(-) (in spherical micelles)) are 58, 68, 127, and 125 for X(v-) = 1(-), 1(2-), 2(-), and 2(2-), respectively. The values of 15 mM CTABr/[Na(v)X] nanoparticles-catalyzed apparent second-order rate constants for piperidinolysis of ionized phenyl salicylate at 35 °C are 0.417, 0.488, 0.926, and 0.891 M(-1) s(-1) for Na(v)X = Na1, Na2 1, Na2, and Na2 2, respectively. Almost entire catalytic effect of nanoparticles catalyst is due to the ability of nonreactive counterions, X(v-), to expel reactive counterions, 3(-), from nanoparticles to the bulk water phase.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles/chemistry*
  15. Fulltext Palladium nanoparticle-decorated reduced graphene oxide sheets synthesized using Ficus carica fruit extract: A catalyst for Suzuki cross-coupling reactions
    Anasdass JR, Kannaiyan P, Raghavachary R, Gopinath SCB, Chen Y
    PLoS One, 2018;13(2):e0193281.
    PMID: 29466453 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193281
    We present a biogenic method for the synthesis of palladium nanoparticle (PdNP)-modified by reducing graphene oxide sheets (rGO) in a one-pot strategy using Ficus carica fruit juice as the reducing agent. The synthesized material was well characterized by morphological and structural analyses, including, Ultraviolet-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Raman spectroscopy. The results revealed that the PdNP modified GO are spherical in shape and estimated to be a dimension of ~0.16 nm. The PdNP/graphene exhibits a great catalytic activity in Suzuki cross-coupling reactions for the synthesis of biaryl compounds with various substrates under both aqueous and aerobic conditions. The catalyst can be recovered easily and is suitable for repeated use because it retains its original catalytic activity. The PdNP/rGO catalyst synthesized by an eco-friendly protocol was used for the Suzuki coupling reactions. The method offers a mild and effective substitute to the existing methods and may significantly contribute to green chemistry.
    Matched MeSH terms: Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry*
  16. Fulltext Seeded Growth Route to Noble Calcium Carbonate Nanocrystal
    Islam A, Teo SH, Rahman MA, Taufiq-Yap YH
    PLoS One, 2015;10(12):e0144805.
    PMID: 26700479 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144805
    A solution-phase route has been considered as the most promising route to synthesize noble nanostructures. A majority of their synthesis approaches of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) are based on either using fungi or the CO2 bubbling methods. Here, we approached the preparation of nano-precipitated calcium carbonate single crystal from salmacis sphaeroides in the presence of zwitterionic or cationic biosurfactants without external source of CO2. The calcium carbonate crystals were rhombohedron structure and regularly shaped with side dimension ranging from 33-41 nm. The high degree of morphological control of CaCO3 nanocrystals suggested that surfactants are capable of strongly interacting with the CaCO3 surface and control the nucleation and growth direction of calcium carbonate nanocrystals. Finally, the mechanism of formation of nanocrystals in light of proposed routes was also discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles/chemistry*
  17. Fulltext Low concentration of silver nanoparticles not only enhances the activity of horseradish peroxidase but alter the structure also
    Karim Z, Adnan R, Ansari MS
    PLoS One, 2012;7(7):e41422.
    PMID: 22848490 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041422
    Chemical synthesis of Ag-NPs was carried out using reduction method. The reduction mechanistic approach of silver ions was found to be a basic clue for the formation of the Ag-NPs. The nanoparticles were characterized by UV-vis, FT-IR and TEM analysis. We had designed some experiments in support of our hypothesis, "low concentrations of novel nanoparticles (silver and gold) increases the activity of plant peroxidases and alter their structure also", we had used Ag-NPs and HRP as models. The immobilization/interaction experiment had demonstrated the specific concentration range of the Ag-NPs and within this range, an increase in HRP activity was reported. At 0.08 mM concentration of Ag-NPs, 50% increase in the activity yield was found. The U.V-vis spectra had demonstrated the increase in the absorbance of HRP within the reported concentration range (0.06-0.12 mM). Above and below this concentration range there was a decrease in the activity of HRP. The results that we had found from the fluorescence spectra were also in favor of our hypothesis. There was a maximum increase in ellipticity and α-helix contents in the presence of 0.08 mM concentration of Ag-NPs, demonstrated by circular dichroism (CD) spectra. Finally, incubation of a plant peroxidase, HRP with Ag-NPs, within the reported concentration range not only enhances the activity but also alter the structure.
    Matched MeSH terms: Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry*
  18. Fulltext Hexaferrocenium tri[hexa(isothiocyanato)iron(III)] trihydroxonium complex as a new DNA intercalator for electrochemical DNA biosensor
    Ariffin EY, Zakariah EI, Ruslin F, Kassim M, Yamin BM, Heng LY, et al.
    Sci Rep, 2021 Apr 12;11(1):7883.
    PMID: 33846405 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86939-z
    Ferrocene or ferrocenium has been widely studied in the field of organometallic complexes because of its stable thermodynamic, kinetic and redox properties. Novel hexaferrocenium tri[hexa(isothiocyanato)iron(III)]trihydroxonium (HexaFc) complex was the product from the reaction of ferrocene, maleic acid and ammonium thiocyanate and was confirmed by elemental analysis CHNS, FTIR and single crystal X-ray crystallography. In this study, HexaFc was used for the first time as an electroactive indicator for porcine DNA biosensor. The UV-Vis DNA titrations with this compound showed hypochromism and redshift at 250 nm with increasing DNA concentrations. The binding constant (Kb) for HexaFc complex towards CT-DNA (calf-thymus DNA) was 3.1 × 104 M-1, indicated intercalator behaviour of the complex. To test the usefulness of this complex for DNA biosensor application, a porcine DNA biosensor was constructed. The recognition probes were covalently immobilised onto silica nanospheres (SiNSs) via glutaraldehyde linker on a screen-printed electrode (SPE). After intercalation with the HexaFc complex, the response of the biosensor to the complementary porcine DNA was measured using differential pulse voltammetry. The DNA biosensor demonstrated a linear response range to the complementary porcine DNA from 1 × 10-6 to 1 × 10-3 µM (R2 = 0.9642) with a limit detection of 4.83 × 10-8 µM and the response was stable up to 23 days of storage at 4 °C with 86% of its initial response. The results indicated that HexaFc complex is a feasible indicator for the DNA hybridisation without the use of a chemical label for the detection of porcine DNA.
    Matched MeSH terms: Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry
  19. Uptake and clearance analysis of Technetium99m labelled iron oxide nanoparticles in a rabbit brain
    Nadeem M, Ahmad M, Saeed MA, Shaari A, Riaz S, Naseem S, et al.
    IET Nanobiotechnol, 2015 Jun;9(3):136-41.
    PMID: 26023157 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2014.0012
    Nanoparticles as solid colloidal particles are extensively studied and used as anticancer drug delivery agents because of their physical properties. This current research aims to prepare water base suspension of uncoated iron oxide nanoparticles and their biodistribution study to different organs, especially the brain, by using a single photon emission computed tomography gamma camera. The water-based suspension of iron oxide nanoparticles was synthesised by a reformed version of the co-precipitation method and labelled with Tc99m for intravenous injection. The nanoparticles were injected without surface modification. X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) techniques were used for characterisation. Peaks of XRD and EDS indicate that the particles are magnetite and exist in aqueous suspension. The average diameter of iron oxide nanoparticles without any surface coating determined by TEM is 10 nm. These particles are capable of evading the reticuloendothelial system and can cross the blood-brain barrier in the rabbit. The labelling efficiency of iron oxide nanoparticles labelled with Tc99m is 85%, which is good for the biodistribution study. The sufficient amount of iron oxide nanoparticles concentration in the brain as compared with the surrounding soft tissues and their long blood retention time indicates that the water-based suspension of iron oxide nanoparticles may be an option for drug delivery into the brain.
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnetite Nanoparticles/chemistry*
  20. Fulltext Cerium oxide nanoparticles: green synthesis and biological applications
    Charbgoo F, Ahmad MB, Darroudi M
    Int J Nanomedicine, 2017;12:1401-1413.
    PMID: 28260887 DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S124855
    CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs) have shown promising approaches as therapeutic agents in biology and medical sciences. The physicochemical properties of CeO2-NPs, such as size, agglomeration status in liquid, and surface charge, play important roles in the ultimate interactions of the NP with target cells. Recently, CeO2-NPs have been synthesized through several bio-directed methods applying natural and organic matrices as stabilizing agents in order to prepare biocompatible CeO2-NPs, thereby solving the challenges regarding safety, and providing the appropriate situation for their effective use in biomedicine. This review discusses the different green strategies for CeO2-NPs synthesis, their advantages and challenges that are to be overcome. In addition, this review focuses on recent progress in the potential application of CeO2-NPs in biological and medical fields. Exploiting biocompatible CeO2-NPs may improve outcomes profoundly with the promise of effective neurodegenerative therapy and multiple applications in nanobiotechnology.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles/chemistry*
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