Displaying publications 121 - 140 of 924 in total

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  1. Fulltext Health promotion perspectives on vaccine hesitancy; who, what and how?
    Mohd Nazir Mohd Nazori, Rohani Ismail, Nur Syahmina Rasudin
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2019;15(104):87-87.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Vaccine hesitancy is “to delay in acceptance or refusal of vaccination despite availability of vacci-nation services. Vaccine hesitancy is complex and context specific, varying across time, place and vaccines...”. National vaccination data showed presence of hesitancy and the potential for others to develop hesitancy. An over-view of vaccine hesitancy is needed to organise our understanding and to focus our efforts in health promotion. The objectives of this review were to (1) describe the scope of vaccine hesitancy involving target population, theoretical developments and practical implications and (2) to identify potential research avenues for health promotion in Ma-laysia. Methods: Scoping review methodology was used. Search strategy utilised keywords for publications from the year 2000 onwards with a focus on local parental vaccine hesitancy. Literature review focused on global theoretical development and analysis were done on local empirical findings. Results: Theoretical developments have led to the Vaccine Hesitancy Determinant Matrix (VHDM) describing factors within three themes: “vaccine/vaccination-specif-ic issues”, “individual or group influence” and “contextual influence”. Parents can be classified into ‘unquestioning acceptor’, ‘cautious acceptor’, ‘hesitant’, ‘late or selective vaccinator’ and the ‘refuser’ of all vaccines. Globally, various mode of interventions has been explored. However, there was a disproportionate focus on knowledge, at-titude and practice research among local parents. There were only two local interventional studies that have been published. Conclusion: There is a dearth of interventional studies locally. Each of the parental groups outlined needs a tailored approach to combat vaccine hesitancy. Global interventional research showed a multitude of approaches towards educational intervention that local researchers should capitalise on developing strategies, techniques and modules for the local population.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services Needs and Demand
  2. Binary Particle Swarm Optimization for Variables Selection Optimization in Taguchi’s T-Method
    Khairur Rijal Jamaludin, Nolia Harudin, Faizir Ramlie, Mohd Nabil Muhtazaruddin, Che Munira Che Razali, Wan Zuki Azman Wan Muhamad
    MATEMATIKA, 2020;36(1):69-84.
    MyJurnal
    Prediction analysis has drawn significant interest in numerous field. Taguchi’s T-Method is a prediction tool that developed practically but not limited to small sample analysis. It was developed explicitly for multidimensional system prediction by relying on historical data as the baseline model and adapting the signal to noise ratio (SNR) as well as zero proportional concepts in strengthening its robustness. Orthogonal array (OA) in T-Method is a variable selection optimization technique in improving the prediction accuracy as well as help in eliminating variables that may deteriorate the overall performance. However, the limitation of OA in dealing with higher multidimensionality restraint the optimization accuracy. Binary particle swarm optimization used in this study helps to cater to the limitation of OA as well as optimizing the variable selection process to better prediction accuracy. The results show that if the historical data consist of samples with higher correlation of determination (R2) value for the model creation, the optimization process in reducing the number of variables would be much reliable and accurate. Comparing between T-Method+OA and T-Method+BPSO in four different case study, it shows that T-Method+BPSO performing better with greater R2 and means relative error (MRE) value compared to T-Method+OA.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services
  3. New Three-Term Conjugate Gradient Method with Exact Line Search
    Mohd Rivaie, Fuziyah Ishak, Nur Idalisa, Nurul Hafawati Fadhilah
    MATEMATIKA, 2020;36(3):197-207.
    MyJurnal
    Conjugate Gradient (CG) methods have an important role in solving large
    scale unconstrained optimization problems. Nowadays, the Three-Term CG method has
    become a research trend of the CG methods. However, the existing Three-Term CG
    methods could only be used with the inexact line search. When the exact line search
    is applied, this Three-Term CG method will be reduced to the standard CG method.
    Hence in this paper, a new Three-Term CG method that could be used with the exact
    line search is proposed. This new Three-Term CG method satisfies the descent condition
    using the exact line search. Performance profile based on numerical results show that
    this proposed method outperforms the well-known classical CG method and some related
    hybrid methods. In addition, the proposed method is also robust in term of number of
    iterations and CPU time.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services
  4. The optimization of torque ripple reduction by using DTC-multilevel inverter
    Tarusan SAA, Jidin A, Jamil MLM
    ISA Trans, 2021 Apr 16.
    PMID: 33931170 DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2021.04.005
    Direct Torque Control (DTC) scheme introduces a robust and simple control of electrical drive. However, its shortcomings such as broad torque ripple and variable switching frequency have offered several improvements like Space Vector Modulation (SVM) strategy, multilevel inverter (MLI) topology, etc. The conventional DTC which is fed by the two-level inverter has limited voltage vector, results in some difficulties to optimize the operation, especially at low operating speed. In contrast to MLI, the abundant of voltage vector has provided various amplitudes and angles that can overcome the problem of conventional DTC. Thus, this paper introduces the selected optimal voltage vector obtained from five-level Cascaded H-Bridge (CHB) inverter that employs in DTC hysteresis-based to achieve better optimization that similar to the DTC-SVM. Initially, the research work begins with an investigation on the performance comparison between a DTC hysteresis-based between two-level inverter (conventional method) and a five-level CHB inverter (proposed method). Here, a DC generator acted as a load is employed to control the operating speed instead of the speed controller (speed controller is negligible). Hence, the DTC method is optimized by minimizing the torque ripple as well as retaining the torque control capability at constant torque region on several operating speed. The selected optimal vector from the look-up table DTC of five-level CHB inverter must be dynamically appropriate to any change of torque (increased or decreased torque). For simplicity, this paper will only discuss the experimental results for both topologies of drive system. From the experimental results, it is verified that the torque ripples by the proposed method have achieved 10% and 50% reduction at high and low operating speed respectively. It is found that the DTC hysteresis-based result simpler control method than DTC-SVM while maintaining similar output performance.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services
  5. On estimate of Malaysian mortality rates using interpolation methods
    Nur Idayu Ah Khaliludin, Zarina Mohd Khalid, Haliza Abd.Rahman
    MATEMATIKA, 2019;35(2):177-186.
    MyJurnal
    Life table is a table that shows mortality experience of a nation. However, in Malaysia, the information in this table is provided in the five-years age groups (abridged) instead of every one-year age. Hence, this study aims to estimate the one-year age mor- tality rates from the abridged mortality rates using several interpolation methods. We applied Kostaki method and the Akima spline method to five sets of Malaysian group mortality rates ranging from period of 2012 to 2016. The result were then compared with the one-year mortality rates. We found that the method by Akima is the best method for Malaysian mortality experience as it gives the least minimum of sum of square errors. The method does not only provide a good fit but also, shows a smooth mortality curve.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services
  6. Fulltext Investigations on Surface Roughness and Tool Wear Characteristics in Micro-Turning of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy
    Aslantas K, Danish M, Hasçelik A, Mia M, Gupta M, Ginta T, et al.
    Materials (Basel), 2020 Jul 06;13(13).
    PMID: 32640567 DOI: 10.3390/ma13132998
    Micro-turning is a micro-mechanical cutting method used to produce small diameter cylindrical parts. Since the diameter of the part is usually small, it may be a little difficult to improve the surface quality by a second operation, such as grinding. Therefore, it is important to obtain the good surface finish in micro turning process using the ideal cutting parameters. Here, the multi-objective optimization of micro-turning process parameters such as cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut were performed by response surface method (RSM). Two important machining indices, such as surface roughness and material removal rate, were simultaneously optimized in the micro-turning of a Ti6Al4V alloy. Further, the scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis was done on the cutting tools. The overall results depict that the feed rate is the prominent factor that significantly affects the responses in micro-turning operation. Moreover, the SEM results confirmed that abrasion and crater wear mechanism were observed during the micro-turning of a Ti6Al4V alloy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services
  7. Fulltext Maternal, neonatal, and child health in southeast Asia: towards greater regional collaboration
    Acuin CS, Khor GL, Liabsuetrakul T, Achadi EL, Htay TT, Firestone R, et al.
    Lancet, 2011 Feb 05;377(9764):516-25.
    PMID: 21269675 DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)62049-1
    Although maternal and child mortality are on the decline in southeast Asia, there are still major disparities, and greater equity is key to achieve the Millennium Development Goals. We used comparable cross-national data sources to document mortality trends from 1990 to 2008 and to assess major causes of maternal and child deaths. We present inequalities in intervention coverage by two common measures of wealth quintiles and rural or urban status. Case studies of reduction in mortality in Thailand and Indonesia indicate the varying extents of success and point to some factors that accelerate progress. We developed a Lives Saved Tool analysis for the region and for country subgroups to estimate deaths averted by cause and intervention. We identified three major patterns of maternal and child mortality reduction: early, rapid downward trends (Brunei, Singapore, Malaysia, and Thailand); initially high declines (sustained by Vietnam but faltering in the Philippines and Indonesia); and high initial rates with a downward trend (Laos, Cambodia, and Myanmar). Economic development seems to provide an important context that should be coupled with broader health-system interventions. Increasing coverage and consideration of the health-system context is needed, and regional support from the Association of Southeast Asian Nations can provide increased policy support to achieve maternal, neonatal, and child health goals.
    Matched MeSH terms: Child Health Services; Maternal Health Services; Rural Health Services; Urban Health Services
  8. Fulltext Hyperledger Fabric Blockchain for Securing the Edge Internet of Things
    Honar Pajooh H, Rashid M, Alam F, Demidenko S
    Sensors (Basel), 2021 Jan 07;21(2).
    PMID: 33430274 DOI: 10.3390/s21020359
    Providing security and privacy to the Internet of Things (IoT) networks while achieving it with minimum performance requirements is an open research challenge. Blockchain technology, as a distributed and decentralized ledger, is a potential solution to tackle the limitations of the current peer-to-peer IoT networks. This paper presents the development of an integrated IoT system implementing the permissioned blockchain Hyperledger Fabric (HLF) to secure the edge computing devices by employing a local authentication process. In addition, the proposed model provides traceability for the data generated by the IoT devices. The presented solution also addresses the IoT systems' scalability challenges, the processing power and storage issues of the IoT edge devices in the blockchain network. A set of built-in queries is leveraged by smart-contracts technology to define the rules and conditions. The paper validates the performance of the proposed model with practical implementation by measuring performance metrics such as transaction throughput and latency, resource consumption, and network use. The results show that the proposed platform with the HLF implementation is promising for the security of resource-constrained IoT devices and is scalable for deployment in various IoT scenarios.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services
  9. The present problems and future needs of primary health care in Malaysia
    Ho TM
    Int J Health Serv, 1988;18(2):281-91.
    PMID: 3378859 DOI: 10.2190/EJ77-C1UH-KHMQ-8HAX
    This article examines the numerous problems faced by primary health care in Malaysia, care that traditionally has been a private sector activity. While general practitioners have adapted, and are continually adapting, to the needs of a multiracial society with diverse cultural patterns, it is hoped that with the emergence of a dynamic discipline of family practice, family doctors will be able to provide a sophisticated form of primary health care that will serve the needs of the people.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services Needs and Demand*; Health Services Research*
  10. Fulltext RISK ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION FOR BETTER SAFETY: CASE STUDY OF KEMAMAN PORT
    MOHAMAD IKHRAM BIN MOHAMAD RAUZILAN, MOHAMMED ISMAIL RUSSTAM SUHRAB
    UMT Journal of Undergraduate Research, 2021;3(2):69-76.
    MyJurnal
    The increase in awareness and responsibilities among stakeholders in a port environment has made safety evaluation an operational priority. Operating a port is a high-risk activity with underlying potential for accidents and loss of lives, besides causing massive property and environmental damage. Kemaman Port has multiple operations and handles volatile chemicals that may lead to disaster if an accident were to occur due to negligence. Therefore, the safety tools at the port have to suit a terminal specialized in handling liquid chemicals. To determine risk level at the port, assessment may be conducted using the hazard identification method (HAZID) to determine the hazards and risk matrix. The “As low as reasonably practicable” (ALARP) principle should be adhered to in determining which risk is tolerable or intolerable. In this study, the hazard and risk data at Kemaman Port were obtained through literature review and engagements with experts. As a result, eight main hazards were identified and the risk matrix was used to find the highest frequency and consequences of the hazards, besides the risk probability during operations. The overall results may demonstrate a significant improvement to the safety of port operations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services
  11. Fulltext Strengthening the migrant-friendliness of Thai health services through interpretation and cultural mediation: a system analysis
    Kosiyaporn H, Julchoo S, Phaiyarom M, Sinam P, Kunpeuk W, Pudpong N, et al.
    Glob Health Res Policy, 2020 12 08;5(1):53.
    PMID: 33372646 DOI: 10.1186/s41256-020-00181-0
    BACKGROUND: In addition to healthcare entitlements, 'migrant-friendly health services' in Thailand include interpretation and cultural mediation services which aim to reduce language and cultural barriers between health personnel and migrants. Although the Thai Government started implementing these services in 2003, challenges in providing them still remain. This study aims to analyse the health system functions which support the interpretation and cultural mediation services of migrant health worker (MHW) and migrant health volunteer (MHV) programmes in Thailand.

    METHODS: In-depth interviews were conducted in two migrant-populated provinces using purposive and snowball sampling. A total of fifty key informants were recruited, including MHWs, MHWs, health professionals, non-governmental organisation (NGO) staff and policy stakeholders. Data were triangulated using information from policy documents. The deductive thematic analysis was classified into three main themes of evolving structure of MHW and MHV programmes, roles and responsibilities of MHWs and MHVs, and supporting systems.

    RESULTS: The introduction of the MHW and MHV programmes was one of the most prominent steps taken to improve the migrant-friendliness of Thai health services. MHWs mainly served as interpreters in public facilities, while MHVs served as cultural mediators in migrant communities. Operational challenges in providing services included insufficient budgets for employment and training, diverse training curricula, and lack of legal provisions to sustain the MHW and MHV programmes.

    CONCLUSION: Interpretation and cultural mediation services are hugely beneficial in addressing the health needs of migrants. To ensure the sustainability of current service provision, clear policy regulation and standardised training courses should be in place, alongside adequate and sustainable financial support from central government, NGOs, employers and migrant workers themselves. Moreover, regular monitoring and evaluation of the quality of services are recommended. Finally, a lead agency should be mandated to collaborate with stakeholders in planning the overall structure and resource allocation for the programmes.

    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services/statistics & numerical data*; Health Services Accessibility/statistics & numerical data*
  12. Fulltext The relationship between task characteristics and employee engagement
    Rowena Gloriana, George, Victoria, Jonathan, Florianna Lendai, Michael
    Trends in Undergraduate Research, 2020;3(1):1-6.
    MyJurnal
    The objective of this study is to identify the relationship between task characteristics (variety of skills, task identity, task significance, autonomy, feedback) and employee engagement. The study was conducted in a healthcare service in Sabah, Malaysia. A self administered questionnaire was used to collect data by using convenience sampling. A total of 78 respondents participated in the study. Data was analyzed using Spearman Correlation. The results revealed a significant and positive relationship between task characteristics (variety of skills, task identity, task significance, autonomy, feedback) and employee engagement in the studied organization. This has important implications to employers. It is recommended that managers, human resource development (HRD) practitioners and supervisors provide employees with more challenging tasks, autonomy and feedback from time to time. Moreover, work designs should include how the tasks may improve employee identity and significance.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services
  13. An overview of mental health legislation in Singapore
    Ho RC, Ho CS, Khan N, Kua EH
    BJPsych Int, 2015 May;12(2):42-44.
    PMID: 29093849
    This article summarises the development of mental health legislation in Singapore in three distinctive periods: pre-1965; 1965-2007 and 2007 onwards. It highlights the origin of mental health legislation and the relationship between mental health services and legislation in Singapore. The Mental Health (Care and Treatment) Act 2008 and Mental Capacity Act 2008 are described in detail.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mental Health Services
  14. Fulltext Priority-setting to integrate sexual and reproductive health into universal health coverage: the case of Malaysia
    Lim SC, Yap YC, Barmania S, Govender V, Danhoundo G, Remme M
    Sex Reprod Health Matters, 2020 Dec;28(2):1842153.
    PMID: 33236973 DOI: 10.1080/26410397.2020.1842153
    Despite increasing calls to integrate and prioritise sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services in universal health coverage (UHC) processes, several SRH services have remained a low priority in countries' UHC plans. This study aims to understand the priority-setting process of SRH interventions in the context of UHC, drawing on the Malaysian experience. A realist evaluation framework was adopted to examine the priority-setting process for three SRH tracer interventions: pregnancy, safe delivery and post-natal care; gender-based violence (GBV) services; and abortion-related services. The study used a qualitative multi-method design, including a literature and document review, and 20 in-depth key informant interviews, to explore the context-mechanism-outcome configurations that influenced and explained the priority-setting process. Four key advocacy strategies were identified for the effective prioritisation of SRH services, namely: (1) generating public demand and social support, (2) linking SRH issues with public agendas or international commitments, (3) engaging champions that are internal and external to the public health sector, and (4) reframing SRH issues as public health issues. While these strategies successfully triggered mechanisms, such as mutual understanding and increased buy-in of policymakers to prioritise SRH services, the level and extent of prioritisation was affected by both inner and outer contextual factors, in particular the socio-cultural and political context. Priority-setting is a political decision-making process that reflects societal values and norms. Efforts to integrate SRH services in UHC processes need both to make technical arguments and to find strategies to overcome barriers related to societal values (including certain socio-cultural and religious norms). This is particularly important for sensitive SRH services, like GBV and safe abortion, and for certain populations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services Accessibility*; Reproductive Health Services*
  15. Grasping the reality of health care access for migrants: An initial strategy to end social injustice
    Khoo EJ
    Int J Health Plann Manage, 2021 Jul;36(4):1346-1348.
    PMID: 33740277 DOI: 10.1002/hpm.3148
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services Accessibility
  16. Fulltext Aneurysmal Bone Cyst - A Case Report And
    Abdul Rahman, Z.A., Jalaludin, M.A., Hussaini, N.Z., Zain, R.B.
    Ann Dent, 1998;5(1):-.
    MyJurnal
    Aneurysmal bone cyst is a rare non-epithelialized pseudocyst of the jaws. Jaffe and Lichtenstein in 1942 were the first to recognize aneurysmal bone cyst as a distinct clinical and pathological entity while Bernier and Bhaskar in 1958 were the first to describe the presence of this lesion in the jaws. A case of aneursymal bone cyst in the maxilla is presented and the literature reviewed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services
  17. Fulltext The performance of classical and robust logistic regression estimators in the presence of outliers
    Habshah, M., Syaiba, B.A.
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2012;20(2):313-325.
    MyJurnal
    It is now evident that the estimation of logistic regression parameters, using Maximum LikelihoodEstimator (MLE), suffers a huge drawback in the presence of outliers. An alternative approach is touse robust logistic regression estimators, such as Mallows type leverage dependent weights estimator(MALLOWS), Conditionally Unbiased Bounded Influence Function estimator (CUBIF), Bianco andYohai estimator (BY), and Weighted Bianco and Yohai estimator (WBY). This paper investigates therobustness of the preceding robust estimators by using real data sets and Monte Carlo simulations. Theresults indicate that the MLE behaves poorly in the presence of outliers. On the other hand, the WBYestimator is more efficient than the other existing robust estimators. Thus, it is suggested that the WBYestimator be employed when outliers are present in the data to obtain a reliable estimate.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services
  18. Realizing the promise of The Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health
    Fassil H, Borrazzo J, Greene R, Jacobs T, Norton M, Stanton ME, et al.
    Health Policy Plan, 2017 Sep 01;32(7):1072-1076.
    PMID: 28407108 DOI: 10.1093/heapol/czx018
    Reflecting on Storeng and Béhague ("Lives in the balance": the politics of integration in the Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health. Health Policy and Planning Storeng and Béhague (2016).) historical ethnography of the Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health (PMNCH), this commentary provides a more current account of PMNCH's trajectory since its inception in 2005. It highlights PMNCH's distinct characteristics and how it is positioned to play an instrumental role in the current global health landscape.
    Matched MeSH terms: Child Health Services/organization & administration*; Maternal Health Services/organization & administration*
  19. Fulltext Throughput Measurement of a Dual-Band MIMO Rectangular Dielectric Resonator Antenna for LTE Applications
    Nasir J, Jamaluddin MH, Ahmad Khan A, Kamarudin MR, Yen BL, Owais O
    Sensors (Basel), 2017 Jan 13;17(1).
    PMID: 28098807 DOI: 10.3390/s17010148
    An L-shaped dual-band multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) rectangular dielectric resonator antenna (RDRA) for long term evolution (LTE) applications is proposed. The presented antenna can transmit and receive information independently using fundamental TE111 and higher order TE121 modes of the DRA. TE111 degenerate mode covers LTE band 2 (1.85-1.99 GHz), 3 (1.71-1.88 GHz), and 9 (1.7499-1.7849 GHz) at fr = 1.8 GHz whereas TE121 covers LTE band 7 (2.5-2.69 GHz) at fr = 2.6 GHz, respectively. An efficient design method has been used to reduce mutual coupling between ports by changing the effective permittivity values of DRA by introducing a cylindrical air-gap at an optimal position in the dielectric resonator. This air-gap along with matching strips at the corners of the dielectric resonator keeps the isolation at a value more than 17 dB at both the bands. The diversity performance has also been evaluated by calculating the envelope correlation coefficient, diversity gain, and mean effective gain of the proposed design. MIMO performance has been evaluated by measuring the throughput of the proposed MIMO antenna. Experimental results successfully validate the presented design methodology in this work.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services
  20. Fulltext Occlusion, malocclusion and method of measurements - an overview
    Hassan, R., Rahimah, A.K.
    Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2007;2(1):3-9.
    MyJurnal
    Epidemiological studies of occlusion and malocclusion not only help in orthodontic treatment planning and evaluation of dental health services but also offer a valid research tool for ascertaining the operation of distinct environmental and genetic factors in the aetiology of malocclusion. The objective of this article was to give an overview on occlusion, malocclusion and the various methods on measuring the occlusion. Each index and method of the assessment described was based on the opinion of an individual or a group of individuals. It had been widely agreed that no particular index or method available that are truly inclusive of all occlusal criteria. Therefore, different indices or method had been developed according to different requirements and it may be necessary to use more than one index in order to gather information to suit the objective of the particular study.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dental Health Services
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