CONCLUSION: MyDerm is an alternative option for the treatment of a massive skin defect in patients who desire removal of only a negligible amount of skin from the donor site and when use of an autograft is insufficient.
METHOD: This was a cross-sectional study with 220 adults from five different specialties, randomly selected. Data was collected using 45-item questionnaire on knowledge (12- item), attitude (18-item) and practice (15-item) (KAP) about HPV. The demographic questionnaire included information on age, gender, level of education, occupation, and marital status. Content validity was calculated by content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI). Reliability was evaluated using test-retest and by Cronbach's Alpha coefficient, internal consistency was calculated values >0.81 which considered as satisfactory.
RESULTS: The mean age of the studied population was 37.70± 8.07 (23-67) years. Of the 220 participants, 80 (36.4%) were males and 140 (63.6%) were females. In evaluating KAP in the men and women, the mean and standard deviation of knowledge were estimated at good level and one-way ANOVA analysis showed significant differences between women and men (p=0.019). There was no significant difference in men and women related to attitude (p=0.92) and practice (p=0.38).
CONCLUSION: The KAP about HPV among participants was significantly higher at good levels compared to average levels. Women's knowledge was significantly higher than men. Attitude and practice could have been higher because there was consensus to the usage of vaccine among the specialists to prevent HPV.
METHODS: The medical records and clinical outcomes of 35 patients who underwent endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy for primary hyperhidrosis from 2008 to 2018 in Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery were reviewed.
RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 27±10.1years, with male and female distribution of 18 and 17, respectively. Fifty-one percent of patients complained of palmar hyperhidrosis, while 35% of them had concurrent palmaraxillary and 14% had palmar-plantar-axillary hyperhidrosis. Our data showed that 77% (n=27) of patients were not investigated for secondary causes of hyperhidrosis, and they were not counselled on the non-surgical therapies. All patients underwent single-staged bilateral endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy. There was resolution of symptoms in all 35 (100%) patients with palmar hyperhidrosis, 13(76%) patients with axillary hyperhidrosis and only 2 (50%) patients with plantar hyperhidrosis. Postoperatively 34.3% (n=12) of patients reported compensatory hyperhidrosis. There were no other complications such as pneumothorax, chylothorax, haemothorax and Horner's Syndrome.
CONCLUSION: Clinical evaluation of hyperhidrosis in local context has not been well described, which may inadvertently result in the delay of appropriate management, causing significant social and emotional embarrassment and impair the quality of life of the subjects. Detailed clinical assessment and appropriate timely treatment, be it surgical or non-surgical therapies, are crucial in managing this uncommon yet distressing disease.
METHODS: A cross-sectional method was used to assess the reliability, validity, and cultural appropriateness of the Arabic version of the Brief COPE (A-BC) among 302 males and females (33.8% females).
RESULTS: The test-retest reliability was strong at 0.8, and the principal component factor analysis yielded a 3-factor structure, namely 'active coping', 'passive coping', and 'support-seeking', with Composite Reliability scores of 0.84, 0.75, and 0.81 respectively. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated an acceptable factors structure.
CONCLUSION: The 3-factor structure of the A-BC was found to be a valid and reliable instrument among the Saudi population. This makes the scale useful in both clinical practice and clinical research.
METHODS: Severity of IA and ADHD traits was assessed by self-report scales. Subjects were 403 college students (response rate 78%) who completed a questionnaire including Young's Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale-V1.1.
RESULTS: Out of 403 subjects, 165 were male. The mean age was 18.4 ± 1.2 years, and mean total IAT score was 45.2 ± 12.6. One hundred forty-eight respondents (36.7%) were average Internet users (IAT < 40), 240 (59.6%) had possible addiction (IAT 40-69), and 15 (3.7%) had severe addiction (IAT ≥ 70). Mean length of Internet use was 4.1 ± 2.8 h/day on weekdays and 5.9 ± 3.7 h/day on the weekend. Females used the Internet mainly for social networking services while males preferred online games. Students with a positive ADHD screen scored significantly higher on the IAT than those negative for ADHD screen (50.2 ± 12.9 vs 43.3 ± 12.0).
CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that Internet misuse may be related to ADHD traits among Japanese youth. Further investigation of the links between IA and ADHD is warranted.
METHODS: A cross-sectional, anonymous US national online survey was conducted among 8049 Kratom users in October, 2016 to obtain demographic, health, and Kratom use pattern information.
RESULTS: People who use Kratom to mitigate illicit drug dependence self-reported less pain and better overall health than individuals who used Kratom for acute/chronic pain. Self-reported improvements in pre-existing mental health symptoms (attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder/attention deficit disorder, anxiety, bipolar disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and depression) attributed to Kratom use were greater than those related to somatic symptoms (back pain, rheumatoid arthritis, acute pain, chronic pain, fibromyalgia). Demographic variables, including female sex, older age, employment status, and insurance coverage correlated with increased likelihood of Kratom use.
CONCLUSIONS: Kratom use may serve as a self-treatment strategy for a diverse population of patients with pre-existing health diagnoses. Healthcare providers need to be engaging with patients to address safety concerns and potential limitations of its use in clinical practice for specific health conditions.
Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study. Parameters such as patient data, injury details, osteosynthesis implant system information, stability of fracture fragments, occlusion and complications were evaluated at different time intervals and logistic regression applied to determine the association of these factors with complications.
Results: Five hundred and ninety-three patients with mandibular fractures were included in this study (male 87.9% and female 12.1%), age range of 13-72 years (median = 22 years). Most fractures were caused by motor vehicle accidents (85.8%), assault (6.2%) and falls (4.7%). Parasymphyseal fractures were the most common (50.1%), followed by angle (35.2%) and body of mandible (25%). Median time interval between injury and intervention was 7 days (IQR 4-10). Median duration of follow-up from date of surgery was 72 days (IQR 30-230). 76.9% (456) were completely free of complications. Most complications (46%) occurred in the intermediate post-surgical period (1-6 weeks). Median interval period between surgery and complication was 15 days (IQR 7-67.5). Nerve injury and surgical site infection were the most common complications at 6.7% and 5.7%, respectively. There was a significant difference between the plating system in terms of complication outcome (p = 0.017).
Conclusion: Whilst the miniplate dimensions may be similar across different manufacturers, the complication outcome may differ between systems.
METHODS: A life table model was constructed using published Malaysian demographic and mortality data. Our analysis was limited to male smokers due to the low smoking prevalence in females (1.1%). Male smokers aged 15-64 years were followed up until 65 years or until death. The population attributable risk, health-related quality of life decrements and relative reduction in productivity due to smoking were sourced from published data. The analysis was repeated assuming the cohorts were never smokers, and the differences in outcomes represented the health and productivity burden conferred by smoking. The cost of productivity loss was estimated based on the gross domestic product per equivalent full-time worker in Malaysia.
RESULTS: Tobacco use is highly prevalent among working-age males in Malaysia, with 4.2 million (37.5%) daily smokers among men aged between 15 and 64 years. Overall, our model estimated that smoking resulted in the loss of over 2.1 million life years (2.9%), 5.5 million (8.2%) quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and 3.0 million (4.8%) PALYs. Smoking was estimated to incur RM275.3 billion (US$69.4 billion) in loss of productivity.
CONCLUSION: Tobacco use imposes a significant public health and economic burden among working-age males in Malaysia. This study highlights the need of effective public health interventions to reduce tobacco use.
OBJECTIVE: This review aims to synthesize the current evidence on digital health interventions targeting adolescents and young people with mental health conditions, aged between 10-24 years, with a focus on effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and generalizability to low-resource settings (eg, low- and middle-income countries).
METHODS: We searched MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Cochrane databases between January 2010 and June 2020 for systematic reviews and meta-analyses on digital mental health interventions targeting adolescents and young people aged between 10-24 years. Two authors independently screened the studies, extracted data, and assessed the quality of the reviews.
RESULTS: In this systematic overview, we included 18 systematic reviews and meta-analyses. We found evidence on the effectiveness of computerized cognitive behavioral therapy on anxiety and depression, whereas the effectiveness of other digital mental health interventions remains inconclusive. Interventions with an in-person element with a professional, peer, or parent were associated with greater effectiveness, adherence, and lower dropout than fully automatized or self-administered interventions. Despite the proposed utility of digital interventions for increasing accessibility of treatment across settings, no study has reported sample-specific metrics of social context (eg, socioeconomic background) or focused on low-resource settings.
CONCLUSIONS: Although digital interventions for mental health can be effective for both supplementing and supplanting traditional mental health treatment, only a small proportion of existing digital platforms are evidence based. Furthermore, their cost-effectiveness and effectiveness, including in low- and middle-income countries, have been understudied. Widespread adoption and scale-up of digital mental health interventions, especially in settings with limited resources for health, will require more rigorous and consistent demonstrations of effectiveness and cost-effectiveness vis-à-vis the type of service provided, target population, and the current standard of care.
METHODS: MMG signals in longitudinal, lateral and transverse directions of muscle fibres were recorded from the elbow flexors of twenty-five male subjects using triaxial accelerometers. Cross-correlation coefficients were used to quantify the degree of crosstalk in all nine possible pairs of fibre axes, all muscle pairs and all exercises.
RESULTS: MMG root mean square (RMS) was statistically significant among the fibre axes (p<0.05, η2=0.17- 0.34) except for biceps brachii and brachioradialis in supination and brachialis in flexion. Overall mean crosstalk values in the three muscle pairs (biceps brachii & brachialis, brachialis & brachioradialis and brachioradialis & biceps brachii) were found to be 6.09-52.17%, 4.01-61.42% and 2.16-51.85%, respectively. Crosstalk values showed statistical significance among all nine axes pairs (p<0.05, η2=0.16-0.51) except for biceps brachii & brachialis during pronation. The transverse axes pair generated the lowest mean crosstalk values (2.16-9.14%).
CONCLUSION: MMG signals recorded using accelerometers from the transverse axes of muscle fibres in the elbow flexors are unique and yield the least amount of crosstalk.
OBJECTIVES: To characterize dietary patterns among pregnant women living in the UAE and examine their associations with gestational weight gain and gestational weight rate.
METHODOLOGY: Data were drawn from the Mother-Infant Study Cohort, a two-year prospective cohort study of pregnant women living in the United Arab Emirates, recruited during their third trimester (n = 242). Weight gain during pregnancy was calculated using data from medical records. The Institute of Medicine's recommendations were used to categorize gestational weight gain and gestational weight gain rate into insufficient, adequate, and excessive. During face-to-face interviews, dietary intake was assessed using an 89-item culture-specific semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire that referred to usual intake during pregnancy. Dietary patterns were derived by principal component analysis. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the associations of derived dietary patterns with gestational weight gain/gestational weight gain rate.
RESULTS: Two dietary patterns were derived, a "Diverse" and a "Western" pattern. The "Diverse" pattern was characterized by higher intake of fruits, vegetables, mixed dishes while the "Western" pattern consisted of sweets and fast food. The "Western" pattern was associated with excessive gestational weight gain (OR:4.04,95% CI:1.07-15.24) and gestational weight gain rate (OR: 4.38, 95% CI:1.28-15.03) while the "Diverse" pattern decreased the risk of inadequate gestational weight gain (OR:0.24, 95% CI:0.06-0.97) and gestational weight gain rate (OR:0.28, 95% CI:0.09-0.90).
CONCLUSION: The findings of this study showed that adherence to a "Diverse" pattern reduced the risk of insufficient gestational weight gain/gestational weight gain rate, while higher consumption of the "Western" pattern increased the risk of excessive gestational weight gain/gestational weight gain rate. In view of the established consequences of gestational weight gain on the health of the mother and child, there is a critical need for health policies and interventions to promote a healthy lifestyle eating through a life course approach.