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Fulltext The relationship between socio-demographic and illness-related variables with the quality of life among Malaysian adolescent with thalassaemia: a multi-centre study

Azizah Othman, Qarem Mohamed Mustafa, Ariffin Nasir, Norsarwany Mohamad, Nurul Shafira Adi, Nurul Ilyana Hashim, et al.

Malaysian Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2018;24(1):15-26.
MyJurnal

Thalassaemia is a life-long illness that exists globally. The quality of life of adolescents with thalassaemia could differ based on the health policies of a specific region, existing levelof socio-economic development and the illness related variables. This study examines the relationship between socio-demographic and disease-related variables with the quality of life among adolescents with thalassaemia involving multiple treatment centers spread throughout various locations in Malaysia. Participants included 218 adolescents (male=108; female 112) with mean age of 13.86 (SD=2.40). They completed the questionnaire consisting of demographic information, illness-related variables, and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL). The participants in this study was found to have higher total summary score (Mean = 69.64, SD = 14.03), psychosocial health (Mean = 70.23, SD = 14.91), emotional (Mean = 72.12, SD = 20.66), social (Mean = 79.82, SD = 17.37), and school (Mean = 58.69, SD = 16.77) functioning but with lower physical health (Mean = 68.50, SD = 17.22) as compared to previous study that was done in Kuala Lumpur. Findings also shows a significant positive correlation between level of education and frequency of hospitalization (r = .156, p < 0.05), frequency of transfusion (r = .152, p < 0.05), and physical health (r = .186, p < 0.01). An increase in the frequency of transfusion was found to significantly increase social functioning (r = .137, p < 0.05). Other significant correlations are discussed in addition to the quality of life experienced by patients with thalassaemia in different region of theworld.

Matched MeSH terms: Surveys and Questionnaires
Fulltext Knowledge, attitude and practice regarding motorcycle helmet usage among

Suzilawati Mohamed Ariffin, Mimi Nor Aliza Setapani

Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 2018;15(1):27-34.
MyJurnal

Malaysia has the highest road fatality risk (per 100,000 populations) compared to other ASEAN nations and more than 50% of the road accident fatalities involving motorcyclists. Hence, this becomes the leading cause of death among young people, aged 15–29 years. The most common cause of fatalities involving motorcyclist is the head injury., This present study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice on helmet usage among secondary school students in Kuantan. A descriptive cross-sectional design (two months of data collection) was used in this study. Questionnaires were distributed to 200 participants from two schools in Kuantan. The main finding of this study suggests that common reason for the participants to wear a helmet is that ‘it can save a life’. Besides that, the poor practice regarding helmet usage was also found as only 4.5% of them wore the helmet all the time. However, the overall result showed that most of the participants have a good knowledge and positive attitude regarding utilization of helmet.

Matched MeSH terms: Surveys and Questionnaires
Fulltext Noise exposure and hearing symptoms among laundry workers and mechanical cutters in a teaching hospital

Asaritaminaziah binti Hisam, Siti Marwanis binti Anua

Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 2018;15(1):35-41.
MyJurnal

Workers who are exposed to high noise level were at risk of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). This crosssectional study was conducted to investigate the noise exposure level and hearing symptoms among workers exposed to noise in a teaching hospital. Utilising convenience sampling method, 20 laundry workers and 17 mechanical cutters were recruited into this study. Noise exposure levels were measured using noise dosimeter for 8 hours and information on hearing symptoms were gathered using a modified questionnaire adopted from the American Speech Language Hearing Association (ASHA). A significantly higher mean noise level (85±2 dB(A)) was reported among mechanical cutters as compared to laundry workers (80±3 dB(A)), p=0.001 although the former had shorter duration of noise exposure (20±3 hours per week vs. 28±12 hours per week). Fourteen (70%) laundry workers and six (35%) mechanical cutters had reported having hearing problem in noisy background. Higher proportion of laundry workers (n=8, 57%) had reported hearing symptoms compared to mechanical cutters (n=6, 43%) and longer work years was found to be significantly associated with hearing symptoms (p=0.049). There is a need of appropriate education and training on noise exposure, NIHL and hearing protection devices usage in the workplaces

Matched MeSH terms: Surveys and Questionnaires
Fulltext Public perception of the role of pharmacists and willingness to pay for pharmacist-provided dispensing services: a cross-sectional pilot study in the state of Sabah, Malaysia

Cheah, Meng Fei

Malaysian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science, 2018;16(1):1-21.
MyJurnal

Pharmacists play an important role in healthcare delivery. Over the years, their role has shifted from product-oriented to patient-oriented. This study aimed to assess the perceptions of the public towards the role of pharmacists and the willingness of the public to pay for pharmacist-provided dispensing services in Sabah. This was a questionnairebased, cross-sectional study conducted from September 2014 to June 2015 in three major cities in Sabah, namely, Kota Kinabalu, Sandakan and Tawau. The respondents were conveniently selected and interviewed based on a questionnaire to assess their perceptions of the role of pharmacists. A contingent valuation interview was then conducted to assess the respondents’ willingness to pay. A total of 647 respondents were interviewed. Of the respondents, 61.4% agreed that pharmacists knew more about their medications and side effects and how to use the medications than their doctors. However, more than half of the respondents (54.4%) perceived that the pharmacists’ role was only to supply medications and 66.6% of the respondents perceived that the pharmacist’s role was to follow doctors’ directions. Of the respondents, 89.0% appreciated and adhered to the counselling points provided by their pharmacists; 85.0% of the respondents hoped that pharmacists could play a greater role in healthcare in the future. Forty percent of the respondents agreed that community pharmacists were simply business people who sold products in their pharmacies. Finally, 55.3% of the respondents were willing to pay for pharmacist-provided dispensing services. The median (interquartile ranges [IQR]) amount that they were willing to pay was RM5.00 (IQR RM5.00). Respondents in this study showed variations in their views of the pharmacy profession. Nevertheless, more than half of the respondents valued pharmacist-provided dispensing services and were willing to pay RM5.00 for the services. To improve pharmacy practice, efforts should be undertaken to address the respondents’ misunderstandings about the pharmacy profession and to promote the roles of pharmacists to the general public.

Matched MeSH terms: Surveys and Questionnaires
Fulltext A cross-sectional assessment of shared-decision making among patients visiting public healthcare institute of Quetta city, Pakistan

Waheed, Hira, Haider, Sajjad, Iqbal, Qaiser, Khalid, Adnan, Hassali, Mohamed Azmi, Bashaar, Mohammad, et al.

Malaysian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science, 2020;18(1):15-29.
MyJurnal

Shared-decision making (SDM), occasionally called “participatory governance” is the approach in healthcare to ensure that patients have the right to participate effectively in the decision-making (DM) process. The aim of this research was to discuss the external aspect of SDM and put forward applicable solutions to ensure SDM at both patient and physician levels. A standardised validated nine-item SDM questionnaire (patient version SDM-Q-9) was employed. SPSS version 25 was used to perform data analysis. Multiple tests such as Mann-Whitney U and Jonckheere-Terpstra were used. Kendall’s Tau coefficient was used for interpretation of the significant relationship among all items of SDM-Q-9 and education. A total of 465 chronically ill patients took part, where majority (63.4%) of patients was above the age of 47. The cohort was dominated by females (67.5%) with 92% of the sample was married. Majority (86.9%) of the patient reported not involved in any decision. During analysis, considerable association was reported between gender and all items of SDM-Q-9, where more men were involved in SDM when compared with women. Our findings did produce significant association between education and SDM-Q-9, which reveals that increase in education can improve the SDM. SDM should not be limited to chronic or emergency in practice. Specific and tailored shared medical DM programmes must be developed for low literacy population implementation. SDM is to be supported at policy and operation levels.

Matched MeSH terms: Surveys and Questionnaires
Fulltext The Psychological Impact Analysis of Novel COVID-19 Pandemic in Health Sciences Students: A Global Survey

Bashir TF, Hassan S, Maqsood A, Khan ZA, Issrani R, Ahmed N, et al.

Eur J Dent, 2020 Dec;14(S 01):S91-S96.
PMID: 33368064 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1721653

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the anxiety and depression amid novel coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic in health sciences students around the globe.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional observational study comprised 523 health science students. A well-structured online questionnaire consisting of closed-ended questions based on student's general information, Patient Heath Questionnaire (PHQ)-9 and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)-7 scales were used to assess the psychological impact of COVID-19.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: SPSS-25 was used to analyze the outcome of this study. Multiple linear regression analysis test was used to assess variables which had impact on PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores among the participants. A p-value of ≤ 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
RESULTS: Among the 523 participants, 365 (69.55%) students were from developing countries and 158 (30.21%) from developed countries; 424 (81.1%) students were tested negative for COVID-19 and 99 (18.9%) had suffered from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection during pandemic. The mean GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores were 7.16 ± 5.755 and 7.30 ± 6.166, respectively. Significant impact on anxiety levels was associated with age, gender, education status, and COVID-19 positive patient, while depression was not significantly associated with gender, COVID-19, and its reported symptoms in participants.
CONCLUSION: As the world is trying to contain the health effects of COVID-19, the psychological effects might take a longer time to be addressed. Our study highlights the dire need to identify mental well-being of health science students as this may have a direct impact on their professional commitments and future responsibilities.

Matched MeSH terms: Surveys and Questionnaires
Motivations and built environment factors associated with campus walkability in the tropical settings

Ramakreshnan L, Fong CS, Sulaiman NM, Aghamohammadi N

Sci Total Environ, 2020 Dec 20;749:141457.
PMID: 33370890 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141457

Recognizing and mainstreaming pertinent walkability elements into the university campus planning is crucial to materialise green mandates of the campus, while enhancing social and economic sustainability. In one of such attempts, this transverse study investigated the walking motivations, built environment factors associated with campus walkability and the relative importance of the studied built environment factors in reference to the sociodemographic attributes from the viewpoint of the campus community in a tropical university campus in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. An online survey using a structured questionnaire was conducted between May and September 2019. The built environment factors associated with campus walkability were expressed and ranked as adjusted scores (AS). Meanwhile, multivariable logistic regression was deployed to examine the relative importance of the studied built environment factors in reference to the sociodemographic attributes of the campus community. Among 504 total responses acquired, proximity between complementary land uses (90.7%) was reported as the main motivation for walking. On the other hand, street connectivity and accessibility (AS: 97.62%) was described as the most opted built environment factor, followed by land use (AS: 96.76%), pedestrian infrastructure (AS: 94.25%), walking experience (AS: 87.07%), traffic safety (AS: 85.28%) and campus neighbourhood (AS: 59.62%), respectively. Among the sociodemographic attributes, no regular monthly income (OR = 3.162; 95% CI = 1.165-8.379; p

Matched MeSH terms: Surveys and Questionnaires
Fulltext Association of exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 with DNA damage in exfoliated buccal mucosa cells among primary school children living nearby palm oil activity at Semenyih, Selangor

Syhidatul Farhana Othman, Juliana Jalaludin, Nur Hazirah Hisamuddin, Noeroel Widajati

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2019;15(204):130-135.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Exposure of PM2.5 and PM10 released from combustion of biomass activity caused respiratory health among children. Objective: This study aims to determine the association between exposure of PM2.5 and PM10 with DNA damage in primary school children living nearby palm oil combustion activity at Semenyih. Methods: A cross sectional comparative study were conducted among Malay primary school children in school A located 2.7km from palm oil activity (N=82) and school B located about 40km away from the palm oil area (N=85). A standardized ques- tionnaire were distributed to respondent’s parents. Concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 were measured by using Dust Trak DRX Aerosol Monitor Model 8534 and Escort LC Personal Sampling Pump. Measurement of indoor and outdoor air pollutants were conducted in schools and home. Buccal cells were collected, which then followed by micronu- cleus assay. Results: Concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 at home of studied group were significantly higher compared to comparative group with p value (p=0.007) and (p=0.018) respectively. PM10 and PM2.5 of studied schools were significantly higher compared to comparative schools with p value (p=0.014) and (p=0.04) respectively. MN fre- quencies of studied group were significantly higher compared to comparative group (p=0.001). Significant difference of respiratory symptoms were found between two groups which are cough, phlegm, wheezing and chest tightness (p=0.001). There were significant correlation between PM10 with MN frequency of studied group and comparative group with r= 0.562; p=0.001. Conclusion: This study indicated that the exposure of PM10 and PM2.5 would increase the risk of having respiratory health symptoms and might induce the micronuclei formation among children who lived near palm oil activity area.

Matched MeSH terms: Surveys and Questionnaires
A New Simplified Visual Assessment Tool Describing Facial Morphotypes Observed and Desired in Asian Populations

Corduff N, Chao YY, Lam SC, Lim J, Lim TS, Lohia K, et al.

J Clin Aesthet Dermatol, 2020 Apr;13(4):23-34.
PMID: 33144908

OBJECTIVE: A group of established aesthetic physicians sought to develop treatment guidelines for assessing Asian face morphologies that reflect accurate and current beauty standards across Asia. DESIGN: Physicians completed surveys, debated, and voted on their clinical strategies and developed an alternative simplified visual tool of assessment (SVAT) that discerns between country variations in genetic and ideal morphotypes. SETTING: Electronic and paper surveys were followed by consensus debates and voting. PARTICIPANTS: Established aesthetic physicians practicing regularly on Asian patients. MEAUSUREMENTS: A clinically applicable SVAT was developed, which considered facial index, mid-face projection, upper and lower face shape, submalar contour, nose length and dorsal height, eye shape and brow shape, proportion of lips-to-lower face and ratio of upper-to-lower lip, and chin shape. RESULTS: For facial shape change, physicians always assessed the horizontal thirds, facial symmetry, and lip-chin complex profile, and also analyzed overall face shapes and Ogee curves. Criteria for creating oval-shaped faces was also defined and included treating indications, such as loss of angularity and bilateral masseter muscle hypertrophy, narrow jawlines, and longer and wider foreheads. Critical differences and similarities in country-specific aesthetic preferences, treatment requests, and considerations or strategies were uncovered, including the inadequacy of assessing overall peripheral facial shapes. CONCLUSION: This consensus establishes the assessment and treatment criteria for achieving ideal shapes for Asian patients. Specific descriptors are affected by variations; therefore, we present the visual criteria for Asian facial morphotypes. We hope that physicians new to treating Asian patients can use this clinical information to improve their practice.

Matched MeSH terms: Surveys and Questionnaires
Fulltext Development and evaluation of a booklet on nutrition education for falls prevention among older adults

Hanis Mastura, Y., Nur Alia Adibah, Z., Suzana, S., Devinder, Ka Singh

Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2020;18(2):9-17.
MyJurnal

The incidence of falls among older adults can be caused by nutritional, health status, physical and environmental factors. The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate the contents in a booklet on nutrition and falls prevention among older adults as a nutritional education material for falls prevention. In Phase I, market survey in bookstore, website search and need assessment among 30 respondents using a questionnaire was conducted. Results from Phase I were used to form a 32-page A5 size booklet that includes information on nutrients related to bone health, recommendations of high protein and calcium menus, ideal exercise and tips to avoid falls in older adults. The content validity of the booklet was conducted among six health professionals to assess the suitability and understanding in Phase II. The content of the booklet (Phase III) was then evaluated among 24 respondents aged 60 years and above. From the need assessment in Phase I, majority of respondents chose 7 to 9 for the score of each questions which indicates the need for all information to be included in the booklet. For Phase II, criteria with highest average score were composition and typography with a score of 60%. For Phase III, most respondents chose “good” for all the criteria stated except for pictures (satisfactory), while 62.5% of respondents stated that they were satisfied with the information contents in the booklet. In conclusion, this booklet can be used as one of the strategies for nutrition education in the prevention of falls among older adults.

Matched MeSH terms: Surveys and Questionnaires
Fulltext Prevention of oral health disease: knowledge and practices among pregnant women in Kuantan, Malaysia

Nurjasmine Aida Binti Jamani, Karimah Hanim Binti Abd. Aziz, Zurainie Binti Abllah

International Journal of Allied Health Sciences, 2019;3(4):923-932.
MyJurnal

Background: Oral disease in association of pregnancy outcome has been long researched.
Most pregnant women perceived that oral disease in pregnancy are expected and considered
to be normal. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the knowledge of pregnant women and
their practices towards oral disease. Methods: 296 pregnant mothers were recruited from
government clinics in Kuantan, Malaysia. A validated and self -administered questionnaire
assessing knowledge, attitudes and practices towards oral health was used. Results were
analysed by descriptive analysis, chi square test and multiple logistic regression. Results:
Most respondents showed poor knowledge on oral health problem with its pregnancy
outcome (66.6%) and poor attitude about dental health during pregnancy (53.4%). Half of
them had good practice on oral health. Tooth cavity (46.3%) and gum bleeding (29.4%) were
the commonest problem reported by them. Only one third of the mothers utilize dental
service. Higher level of education was associated with better oral health practice [OR:0.02 CI
(1.12,3.92)] Conclusions: Knowledge on the relationship between oral health and pregnancy
outcome is still low among pregnant mothers. Utilization of dental service was also low. High
level of education is proven to give better oral health care.

Matched MeSH terms: Surveys and Questionnaires
Fulltext Satisfaction with amplification in daily life (SADL) in different types and degrees of hearing loss

Nursakinah Abd Ghani, Wan Ahmad Wan Aslynn

International Journal of Allied Health Sciences, 2019;3(4):933-938.
MyJurnal

Introduction: The aim of this study is to determine the satisfaction level of hearing aid users in different types and degrees of hearing loss using the satisfaction with amplification in daily life (SADL) questionnaire. Methods: 35 hearing aid users with different types of hearing loss who sought help from the International Islamic University, Malaysia (IIUM) Hearing and Speech Clinic at Jalan Hospital Campus, Kuantan, IIUM Medical Specialist Centre and private hearing aid centres were involved in this study. The data was collected from the participants who filled in the Malay SADL questionnaires. Results: Among the thirty-five (35) participants, there was no significant difference reported between the types of hearing loss and their satisfaction level in the SADL global score and each of the subscales. It was found that satisfaction level with the hearing aids may depend on several factors such as cosmetic preference, cost of hearing aid and audiologist competence. Meanwhile, in terms of degrees of hearing loss, 80% of the users were relatively satisfied with their hearing aids. Yet, there was no correlation between hearing aid users’ satisfaction level and their degrees of hearing loss for all subscales and SADL global score. Conclusions: This study indicates that although hearing aid users reported to be satisfied with their hearing aids; there are some who are not satisfied in terms of feedback, telephone use, cosmetic appearance and costs of hearing aid. The findings of this study can benefit the audiologists, as they would be able to use the information to help future patients understand and adapt to the use of the hearing aids better.

Matched MeSH terms: Surveys and Questionnaires
Fulltext The relationship between life-time noise exposure and experience of tinnitus among young adults in the International Islamic University (IIUM) Kuantan

Zirwatu Hanani, Wan Ahmad Wan Aslynn, Marina L. Alisaputri

International Journal of Allied Health Sciences, 2019;3(4):914-922.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Clinical studies have shown that people suffering from tinnitus are at a high risk of developing serious psychological disturbances or serious psychological distress (Erlandsson &
Widen, 2004 in Hiller and Goebel, 1998). Thus the purpose of this study was to determine the
relationship between life-time noise exposure and tinnitus experience among young adults in IIUM Kuantan. Methods: A cross sectional study was used to determine whether there is any association between tinnitus experiences and life-time noise exposure among 11 young adults in IIUM Kuantan from age of 18 to 35 years old who are exposed to the noise. Hearing assessment was done using otoscopy, tympanometry and pure tone audiometry. Participants were asked to fill in a questionnaire on tinnitus experience, and were fitted with a noise dosimeter that measured their noise exposure during waking hours. Values collected from dosimeter were then converted into cumulative life-time noise exposure which refers to the equivalent noise exposure per year (Jokitulppo, Tolvenen & Bjork, 2005). Results: Average cumulative life-time noise exposure of the participants is 72.54 dBA ± 6.9459. Fifty five percent (55%) reported of sometimes having tinnitus. No correlation was found between cumulative life-time noise exposure and tinnitus experience. Conclusion: The cumulative life-time noise exposure among young adults in IIUM Kuantan was found to be lower than the level considered as hazardous. Despite reports of tinnitus experience, there was no evidence that the tinnitus was due to noise exposure.

Matched MeSH terms: Surveys and Questionnaires
Fulltext Evaluation of Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (ASPs) and their perceived level of success at Makkah region hospitals, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Haseeb A, Faidah HS, Al-Gethamy M, Iqbal MS, Alhifany AA, Ali M, et al.

Saudi Pharm J, 2020 Oct;28(10):1166-1171.
PMID: 33132709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2020.08.005

Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) are collaborative efforts to optimize antimicrobial use in healthcare institutions through evidence-based quality improvement strategies. The general administration of pharmaceutical care in the Saudi ministry of health (MOH) is putting outstanding efforts in implementing antimicrobial stewardship in Saudi health care settings. Several surveys have been conducted globally and reported many types of antimicrobial stewardship strategies in health institutions and their effectiveness. This study aims to identify ASPs in Makkah region hospitals and their perceived level of success. We administered a regional survey to explore current progress and issues related to the implementation of ASPs in Makkah region hospitals at the pharmacy level (n = 25). Among responding hospitals, 19 (76%) hospitals, the most commonly reported ASP were as following: formulary restrictions (90%) for broad-spectrum antimicrobials and use of prospective feedback on antimicrobial prescribing (68%), use of clinical guidelines and pathways (100%), and use of automatic stop orders (68%) to limit inappropriate antimicrobial therapy. The study outcomes will also be of pivotal importance to devise policies and strategies for antimicrobial stewardship implementation in other non-MOH settings in the Makkah region. Based on our results, all reported institutions have at least one antimicrobial stewardship program in a process with a high success rate. A multidisciplinary ASP approach, active involvement of drug & therapeutic committee, formulary restrictions, and availability of education & training of pharmacists and physicians on ASP are the primary elements for perceived successful antimicrobial stewardship programs in the Makkah region hospitals.

Matched MeSH terms: Surveys and Questionnaires
Fulltext The data on exploratory factor structure of [pre-service] teacher beliefs about educational research scale

Purnomo YW, Prananto IW, Driana E, Saparanti K, Nuriadin I, Ismail SN

Data Brief, 2020 Dec;33:106578.
PMID: 33318973 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.106578

This article presents data on factors that depict [pre-service] teacher beliefs about educational research. A cross-sectional survey was used to collect the data that involved 352 final-year students working on their undergraduate theses. The students were registered in the faculty of teacher training and education in one of the private universities with an A (excellent) accreditation in Jakarta, Indonesia. The participants were selected conveniently. Exploratory factor analysis was performed to reveal the factors comprised in the data. 49 out of 72 items formed five factors: negative views about educational research, positive views about educational research, knowledge about educational research, open-mindedness, and accessibility.

Matched MeSH terms: Surveys and Questionnaires
Fulltext Upshot of coffee consumption on blood pressure in frequent and non-frequent drinkers among healthy population in rural and urban area of Kota Kinabalu, Sabah

Audrey Julius, Neni Widiasmoro Selamat, Siti Zulaikha Ibadillah Ismail

Journal of Management & Science, 2020;18(2):1-10.
MyJurnal

The upshot of blood pressure relies on the quantity and frequency of caffeine intake and on the rate of caffeine metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the effect of coffee consumption on blood pressure among frequent and non-frequent drinkers in rural and urban area of Kota Kinabalu. A total of 168 participants (Mean age = 26.52 ± 6.33 years; female = 50%; weight = 61.35 ± 12.52 kg; height = 163.37±7.70 cm; diploma holder = 45.2%) were recruited. Questionnaires consisting of socio-demography (5 items), caffeine intake frequency (2 items) and knowledge on coffee, blood pressure and effect to human health (10 items) were distributed. Blood pressure (BP) was taken before coffee consumption and after 30th, 60th, 90th and 120th minutes. SPSS version 24 were employed for statistical analysis. Frequent drinkers displayed significantly higher BP on the 90th (p=0.015) and 120th (p

Matched MeSH terms: Surveys and Questionnaires
Fulltext Relationship between visual acuity, vitamin a, and zinc intake: a study among orang asli children aged 8-12 years in Semenyih, Selangor

Lilynea Padimun, Tasneem Shaari, Mohd Zaki Awg Isa

Journal of Optometry, Eye and Health Research, 2020;2(1):62-67.
MyJurnal

The importance of vitamin A and Zinc has been a major concern due to their deficiency among children. This research aimed to investigate the association of vitamin A and zinc intake with visual acuity among Orang Asli children in Semenyih, Selangor. The total subjects involved were 94, consisting of boys, and girls aged 8-12 years old. A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to determine the level of vitamin A and zinc intake. A Bailey-lovie chart test was used to determine the visual acuity. Vitamin A intake was highest among boys aged 8-9 years old (720 ± 324 mg). The mean intake of zinc, was lowest among boys aged 10-12 years old (4.42 ± 1.00 mg) and highest among girls aged 8-9 years old (5.04 ± 1.14 mg). The prevalence of abnormal visual acuity was 24%, which was equivalent to 23 subjects from the overall sample, consisting of boys and girls with a value of 0.50 Dioptric spherical equivalence (DSE). Findings from the research show that vitamin A and Zinc intake have a significant association with Visual acuity (p

Matched MeSH terms: Surveys and Questionnaires
Fulltext Service quality towards customer satisfaction, case study: sopoong, IOI city mall, Putrajaya

Mohd Sulaimi Bin Mohd Sani, Muhammad Syamil Bin Abd Halek, Nur Hanifa Binti Haji Zainul

Journal of Management & Science, 2020;18(2):58-65.
MyJurnal

Since 20th century, the Korean wave has been a phenomenon globally and it has also spread through Malaysia in terms of culture, music, fashion and also food. Study shows that Malaysian is attracted towards Korean cuisine which increases the demand of Korean cuisine. As result, numerous of new business opportunities have raised. Sopoong, IOI City Mall, Putrajaya is one of the top and thriving Korean cuisine restaurant with more than five branches all over Kuala Lumpur and Klang Valley area. The aims of this study are to help the food establishment to improve their service quality and subsequently increase the customer satisfaction, and also could help any other organizations that are interrelated to this research. This research is also purposely to determine the relationship of service quality with customer satisfaction focused at Sopoong, IOI City Mall, Putrajaya. The researchers used the service quality dimension (SERVQUAL) such as tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy to find the relationship with customer satisfaction as the main idea. This study is a quantitative study conducted to tracks the seasonal trends or phenomena related to the issue. For this research, survey questionnaire was used as data collection method and three hundred and one (301) questionnaires were distributed to respondent at Sopoong, IOI City Mall, Putrajaya. The data collected are analysed by using descriptive and correlation analysis by using IBM-SPSS software. The findings of this study show that the relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction is available.

Matched MeSH terms: Surveys and Questionnaires
Fulltext Knowledge, awareness and preparedness regarding coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic among community pharmacy practitioners working in Kathmandu, Nepal: A pilot study

Shrestha S, Jha N, Palaian S, Shankar PR

SAGE Open Med, 2020;8:2050312120974513.
PMID: 33282309 DOI: 10.1177/2050312120974513

Good knowledge, awareness and preparedness regarding coronavirus disease 2019, among community pharmacy practitioners (CPPs), will enable them to provide correct information and support to patients, convey instructions from the public health authorities and protect their own health.
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine knowledge, awareness and preparedness regarding coronavirus disease 2019 among CPPs working in Kathmandu, Nepal.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a convenience sampling method from 10 February to 25 March 2020. Data were analysed descriptively, and one-sample independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance were used to compare scores among different subgroups of respondents (p

Matched MeSH terms: Surveys and Questionnaires
Water Quality Modelling for River Activities Management: Example from a Low- and Middle-Income Country

Zahidi I, Wilson G, Brown K, Hou FKK

J Health Pollut, 2020 Dec;10(28):201207.
PMID: 33324504 DOI: 10.5696/2156-9614-10.28.201207

Background: Rivers are susceptible to pollution and water pollution is a growing problem in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) with rapid development and minimal environmental protections. There are universal pollutant threshold values, but they are not directly linked to river activities such as sand mining and aquaculture. Water quality modelling can support assessments of river pollution and provide information on this important environmental issue.
Objectives: The objective of the present study was to demonstrate water quality modelling methodology in reviewing existing policies for Malaysian river catchments based on an example case study.
Methods: The MIKE 11 software developed by the Danish Hydraulic Institute was used to model the main pollutant point sources within the study area - sand mining and aquaculture. Water quality data were obtained for six river stations from 2000 to 2015. All sand mining and aquaculture locations and approximate production capacities were quantified by ground survey. Modelling of the sand washing effluents was undertaken with the advection-dispersion module due to the nature of the fine sediment. Modelling of the fates of aquaculture deposits required both advection-dispersion and Danish Hydraulic Institute ECO Lab modules to simulate the detailed interactions between water quality determinants.
Results: According to the Malaysian standard, biochemical oxygen command (BOD) and ammonium (NH4) parameters fell under Class IV at most of the river reaches, while the dissolved oxygen (DO) parameter varied between Classes II to IV. Total suspended solids (TSS) fell within Classes IV to V along the mid river reaches of the catchment.
Discussion: Comparison between corresponding constituents and locations showed that the water quality model reproduced the long-term duration exceedance for the main body of the curves. However, the water quality model underestimated the infrequent high concentration observations. A standard effluent disposal was proposed for the development of legislation and regulations by authorities in the district that could be replicated for other similar catchments.
Conclusions: Modelling pollutants enables observation of trends over the years and the percentage of time a certain class is exceeded for each individual pollutant. The catchment did not meet Class II requirements and may not be able to reach Class I without extensive improvements in the quality and reducing the quantity of both point and non-point effluent sources within the catchment.
Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing financial interests.

Matched MeSH terms: Surveys and Questionnaires

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