MyMedR

Role of Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery and Target Identification in Cancer

Sharma V, Singh A, Chauhan S, Sharma PK, Chaudhary S, Sharma A, et al.

Curr Drug Deliv, 2024;21(6):870-886.

PMID: 37670704 DOI: 10.2174/1567201821666230905090621

Drug discovery and development (DDD) is a highly complex process that necessitates precise monitoring and extensive data analysis at each stage. Furthermore, the DDD process is both timeconsuming and costly. To tackle these concerns, artificial intelligence (AI) technology can be used, which facilitates rapid and precise analysis of extensive datasets within a limited timeframe. The pathophysiology of cancer disease is complicated and requires extensive research for novel drug discovery and development. The first stage in the process of drug discovery and development involves identifying targets. Cell structure and molecular functioning are complex due to the vast number of molecules that function constantly, performing various roles. Furthermore, scientists are continually discovering novel cellular mechanisms and molecules, expanding the range of potential targets. Accurately identifying the correct target is a crucial step in the preparation of a treatment strategy. Various forms of AI, such as machine learning, neural-based learning, deep learning, and network-based learning, are currently being utilised in applications, online services, and databases. These technologies facilitate the identification and validation of targets, ultimately contributing to the success of projects. This review focuses on the different types and subcategories of AI databases utilised in the field of drug discovery and target identification for cancer.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

Should brain chip implants for memory and cognitive enhancement be banned in competitive national examinations?

Chin AHB, Alsomali N, Muhsin SM

Neurosurg Rev, 2024 May 25;47(1):234.

PMID: 38795179 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-024-02471-4

In a recent medical breakthrough, Elon Musk's startup company Neuralink implanted the first brain chip in a human patient, purportedly for aiding paralysis. While certainly representing a significant medical milestone for many patients afflicted with debilitating brain and spinal cord injuries, as well as devastating neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, it must be noted that this very same technology can also be manipulated for human memory or cognitive enhancement. What happens if a brain chip were to be developed that can significantly improve either IQ (intelligence quotient) or memory, and these were then implanted in people to enhance their performance in highly competitive national examinations for college entrance or gaining employment in civil service positions? This article therefore discusses the ethical implications of this nascent technology platform, and whether its use in competitive national examinations should be banned.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

DNA encoding schemes herald a new age in cybersecurity for safeguarding digital assets

Aqeel S, Khan SU, Khan AS, Alharbi M, Shah S, Affendi ME, et al.

Sci Rep, 2024 Jun 15;14(1):13839.

PMID: 38879689 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64419-4

With the urge to secure and protect digital assets, there is a need to emphasize the immediacy of taking measures to ensure robust security due to the enhancement of cyber security. Different advanced methods, like encryption schemes, are vulnerable to putting constraints on attacks. To encode the digital data and utilize the unique properties of DNA, like stability and durability, synthetic DNA sequences are offered as a promising alternative by DNA encoding schemes. This study enlightens the exploration of DNA's potential for encoding in evolving cyber security. Based on the systematic literature review, this paper provides a discussion on the challenges, pros, and directions for future work. We analyzed the current trends and new innovations in methodology, security attacks, the implementation of tools, and different metrics to measure. Various tools, such as Mathematica, MATLAB, NIST test suite, and Coludsim, were employed to evaluate the performance of the proposed method and obtain results. By identifying the strengths and limitations of proposed methods, the study highlights research challenges and offers future scope for investigation.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

Parkinson's disease diagnosis using deep learning: A bibliometric analysis and literature review

Abumalloh RA, Nilashi M, Samad S, Ahmadi H, Alghamdi A, Alrizq M, et al.

Ageing Res Rev, 2024 Apr;96:102285.

PMID: 38554785 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102285

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative illness triggered by decreased dopamine secretion. Deep Learning (DL) has gained substantial attention in PD diagnosis research, with an increase in the number of published papers in this discipline. PD detection using DL has presented more promising outcomes as compared with common machine learning approaches. This article aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis and a literature review focusing on the prominent developments taking place in this area. To achieve the target of the study, we retrieved and analyzed the available research papers in the Scopus database. Following that, we conducted a bibliometric analysis to inspect the structure of keywords, authors, and countries in the surveyed studies by providing visual representations of the bibliometric data using VOSviewer software. The study also provides an in-depth review of the literature focusing on different indicators of PD, deployed approaches, and performance metrics. The outcomes indicate the firm development of PD diagnosis using DL approaches over time and a large diversity of studies worldwide. Additionally, the literature review presented a research gap in DL approaches related to incremental learning, particularly in relation to big data analysis.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

Zoledronate for hip fractures: the road towards achieving consensus

Cheah MH, Ong T

Age Ageing, 2024 Apr 01;53(4).

PMID: 38557668 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afae062

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

Record dengue deaths in Bangladesh as disease patterns change

Roney M, Huq AM, Aluwi MFFM

Acta Trop, 2024 Aug;256:107256.

PMID: 38759831 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107256

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

Fulltext Operations perspective to competency-based medical education: Experiences of IUPS-ICMR Physiology Education Workshop series (2018-2019) conducted in India

Chandran DS, Muthukrishnan SP, Barman SM, Peltonen LM, Ghosh S, Sharma R, et al.

Indian J Med Res, 2021 Apr;154(4):553-557.

PMID: 35435340 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_757_21

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

Fulltext Factors affecting the outcomes in children post-myelomeningocoele repair in northeastern peninsular malaysia

Idris B

Malays J Med Sci, 2011 Jan;18(1):52-9.

PMID: 22135574 MyJurnal

The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of multiple factors and outcomes (ambulatory function and sphincter function) on children with myelomeningocoele (MMC) following surgical repair.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

Fulltext Stress and coping strategies of students in a medical faculty in malaysia

Al-Dubai SA, Al-Naggar RA, Alshagga MA, Rampal KG

Malays J Med Sci, 2011 Jul;18(3):57-64.

PMID: 22135602 MyJurnal

Stress may affect students' health and their academic performance. Coping strategies are specific efforts that individuals employ to manage stress. This study aimed to assess the perception of stress among medical students and their coping strategies.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

Fulltext Factors influencing consumer purchase decisions for health-promoting goods and services in malaysia

Cheah YK

Malays J Med Sci, 2014 Nov-Dec;21(6):36-44.

PMID: 25897281 MyJurnal

In the context of global increases in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases, the objective of the present study is to investigate the factors affecting individuals' decisions to use health-promoting goods and services.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

Fulltext Influence of Age, Weight, and Pirani Score on the Number of Castings in the Early Phase of Clubfoot Treatment using Ponseti Method

Awang M, Sulaiman AR, Munajat I, Fazliq ME

Malays J Med Sci, 2014 Mar;21(2):40-3.

PMID: 24876806 MyJurnal

The objectives of this study were to investigate whether severity of clubfoot, age, and weight of the patients at initial manipulation and casting influence the total number of castings required.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

Fulltext Effect of Internet-based Intervention on Obesity among Adolescents in Kuala Lumpur: A School-based Cluster Randomised Trial

Mohammed Nawi A, Che Jamaludin FI

Malays J Med Sci, 2015 Jul-Aug;22(4):47-56.

PMID: 26715908 MyJurnal

Co-morbidities in adulthood is a significant problem and is associated with obesity during adolescent.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

A fractional perspective on the transmission dynamics of a parasitic infection, considering the impact of both strong and weak immunity

Tang TQ, Jan R, Shah Z, Vrinceanu N, Tanasescu C, Jan A

PLoS One, 2024;19(4):e0297967.

PMID: 38656969 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297967

Infectious disease cryptosporidiosis is caused by the cryptosporidium parasite, a type of parasitic organism. It is spread through the ingestion of contaminated water, food, or fecal matter from infected animals or humans. The control becomes difficult because the parasite may remain in the environment for a long period. In this work, we constructed an epidemic model for the infection of cryptosporidiosis in a fractional framework with strong and weak immunity concepts. In our analysis, we utilize the well-known next-generation matrix technique to evaluate the reproduction number of the recommended model, indicated by [Formula: see text]. As [Formula: see text], our results show that the disease-free steady-state is locally asymptotically stable; in other cases, it becomes unstable. Our emphasis is on the dynamical behavior and the qualitative analysis of cryptosporidiosis. Moreover, the fixed point theorem of Schaefer and Banach has been utilized to investigate the existence and uniqueness of the solution. We identify suitable conditions for the Ulam-Hyers stability of the proposed model of the parasitic infection. The impact of the determinants on the sickness caused by cryptosporidiosis is highlighted by the examination of the solution pathways using a novel numerical technique. Numerical investigation is conducted on the solution pathways of the system while varying various input factors. Policymakers and health officials are informed of the crucial factors pertaining to the infection system to aid in its control.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

Abstracts of the 12th Congress of the Asian-Pacific Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis (APSTH) 2023 "Haemostasis and Thrombosis: Bench to bedside", was held at Borneo Convention Centre Kuching (BCCK), Sarawak on 18th to 21st October 2023

Malays J Pathol, 2024 Apr;46(1):135-197.

PMID: 38682855

No abstract available.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

B-cell lymphoma research in Malaysia - A narrative review

Lim KG, Sumera A, Venkateswaran SP, Burud IAS, Albazah NIJ

Malays J Pathol, 2024 Apr;46(1):11-20.

PMID: 38682841

Lymphomas are a diverse group of malignant proliferations that arise as discrete tissue masses. The most widely accepted taxonomy for lymphoma is the World Health Organization classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues, the 5th edition of which was released in June 2022. Most (85% to 90%) lymphoid neoplasms are of B cell origin. Mature B-cell neoplasms are a heterogeneous group of malignancies with similar disease courses and treatment paradigms. This review focuses on the various mature B-cell lymphomas in Malaysia, including Hodgkin lymphoma. A literature search was performed in various bibliographic databases. A total of 64 papers were included in this review. We found 15 papers on Hodgkin lymphoma, 14 on follicular lymphoma, 12 on Burkitt lymphoma, 5 on mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, 4 on plasmablastic lymphoma, 3 on mantle cell lymphoma, 1 each on primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma, B-lymphoblastic lymphoma, and 3 on other unspecified B-cell lymphomas. The site, age, distribution, prognostic markers, and the various subclassification of B cell lymphomas were studied from these papers. Prognostic genetic markers in B-cell lymphomas include C-MYC, BCL2 and BCL6 as they are the most prevalent mutations in this condition. Anecdotal outcomes range from rapid fatality to unexplained spontaneous remission. This review adds to the existing literature on lymphoma in Malaysia by compiling the evidence that may lead to further research on the diagnosis and treatment of lymphoma in Malaysia and worldwide.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

Dental Students' Educational Environment and Perceived Stress: The University of Malaya Experience

Myint K, See-Ziau H, Husain R, Ismail R

Malays J Med Sci, 2016 May;23(3):49-56.

PMID: 27418869

An equitable and positive learning environment fosters deep self-directed learning in students and, consequently, good practice in their profession. Although demotivating weaknesses may lead to repeated day-to-day stress with a cascade of deleterious consequences at both personal and professional levels, a possible relationship between these parameters has not been reported. This study was undertaken to determine the relationship between students' perceptions of their educational environment and their stress levels.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

Fulltext Communicating Science: A Shared Responsibility

Hanafiah KM

Malays J Med Sci, 2018 Sep;25(5):1-5.

PMID: 30914858 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2018.25.5.1

Malaysia faces increasing alienation of science in the community. While this is a global and multifaceted issue, science communication plays a pivotal role in making science more intuitive for the general public. Scientific communication requires brevity and accuracy-targeted to an interested audience hungry for details. Conversely, science communication requires conveying the bigger picture with clarity and impact-targeted to an audience that needs to be courted by an idea. The challenge for scientists and academics is to find a balance between details sufficient to carry the scientific "truth", while appeasing the human desire for ease and simplicity. Critically, science communication is a powerful device to tackle the increasingly urgent challenge of sustaining scientific progress in a post-truth era. Here, I discuss the role of scientists, key elements of science communication, and propose instruction of Philosophy of Science and debate to equip scientists with the crucial skills required for impactful science communication.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

Comparing Pre- and Post-mastectomy Regional Blocks: An Anesthesiologist's Perspective

Magoon R, Suresh V

Ann Surg Oncol, 2024 Jan;31(1):403-404.

PMID: 37864120 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-14473-5

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

Utilising chatbots in clinical nursing education: Application and obstacles

Zhou B, Mui LG

J Clin Nurs, 2024 Jun;33(6):2362-2363.

PMID: 38407407 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.17089

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

Fulltext The impact of diabetes mellitus on the emergence of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis and treatment failure in TB-diabetes comorbid patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Rehman AU, Khattak M, Mushtaq U, Latif M, Ahmad I, Rasool MF, et al.

Front Public Health, 2023;11:1244450.

PMID: 38074769 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1244450

BACKGROUND: The existence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in tuberculosis (TB) patients is very dangerous for the health of patients. One of the major concerns is the emergence of MDR-TB in such patients. It is suspected that the development of MDR-TB further worsens the treatment outcomes of TB such as treatment failure and thus, causes disease progression.

AIM: To investigate the impact of DM on the Emergence of MDR-TB and Treatment Failure in TB-DM comorbid patients.

METHODOLOGY: The PubMed database was systematically searched until April 03, 2022 (date last searched). Thirty studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this study after a proper selection process.

RESULTS: Tuberculosis-Diabetes Mellitus patients were at higher risk to develop MDR-TB as compared to TB-non-DM patients (HR 0.81, 95% CI: 0.60-0.96, p

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

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