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Fulltext The effect of fuel contamination on the wear characteristics of used motor oils

Abdullah, K. F., Bahak, M. Z.

Journal of Advanced Research Design, 2015;5(1):10-16.
MyJurnal

here are many contaminants that could lead to the alteration of oil viscosity. Diesel fuel
is one of the deteriorating contaminants for diesel engine oils. It is among the main factors that give
high impact towards the deterioration of engine oils as one study has found that, in average, 0.36% of
total fuel consumption ends up in the crankcase. Many studies have demonstrated the effect of fuel
dilution on the wear characteristic. However, there are limited studies that focused on the percentage
amount affecting the wear characteristics together with other influencing factors such as load, speed
and temperature. In this research, used motor oil - Gibson 20W50 had been mixed well with fuel
percentages of 0, 1, 3, 5 and 7, hence creating 5 samples that were run under different speeds. The
experiment is conducted by following the ASTM 4172 standard. Based on the results, the fuel
contamination in used motor oil was considered limiting at 5% contamination and became totally
deteriorated at 7%. Through a Stribeck Curve, it could be understood that wear is inversely
proportional to sliding velocity, where it is one of the lubrication parameters together with speed and
load. Rough surface on the balls indicated that abrasive wear has occurred due to the use of used
motor oil
Fulltext Monthly distribution map of carbon monoxide (CO) from AIRS over Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah and Sarawak for the year 2003

Jasim M. Rajab, Mat Jafri, M.Z, Lim, H.S., Abdullah, K.

Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2011;19(3):89-96.
MyJurnal

Carbon monoxide (CO) is a ubiquitous, an indoor and outdoor air pollutant. It is not a significant greenhouse gas as it absorbs little infrared radiation from the Earth. It is produced by the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, and biomass burning. The CO data are obtained from Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) onboard NASA’s Aqua satellite. The AIRS provides information for several greenhouse gases, CO2, CH4, CO, and O3 as a one goal of the AIRS instrument (included on the EOS Aqua satellite launched, May 4, 2002) as well as to improve weather prediction of the water and energy cycle. The results of the analysis of the retrieved CO total column amount (CO_total_column_A) as well as effective of the CO volume mixing ratio (CO_VMR_eff_A), Level-3 monthly (AIR*3STM) 1º*1º spatial resolution, ascending are used to study the CO distribution over the East and West Malaysia for the year 2003. The CO maps over the study area were generated by using Kriging Interpolation technique and analyzed by using Photoshop CS. Variations in the biomass burning and the CO emissions where noted, while the highest CO occurred at late dry season in the region which has experienced extensive biomass burning and greater draw down of CO occurred in the pristine continental environment (East Malaysia). In all cases, the CO concentration at West Malaysia is higher than East Malaysia. The southeastern Sarawak (lat. 3.5˚ - long. 115.5˚) is less polluted regions and less the CO in most of times in the year. Examining satellite measurements revealed that the enhanced CO emission correlates with occasions of less rainfall during the dry season.
Fulltext Digital elevation model (DEM) generation from stereo images

Joanna Tan, C.E., Mat Jafri, M.Z., Lim, H.S., Abdullah, K.

Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2011;19(3):77-82.
MyJurnal

Digital elevation model (DEM) generation from stereo images is an effective and economical method in topography mapping. This paper used the stereo pair methodology to generate the digital elevation model (DEM) from PRISM (Panchromatic Remote-Sensing Instrument Satellite) sensor which is onboard of ALOS (Advanced Land Observing Satellite). The pair of forward-backward is used as stereoscopic imagery in this study. Ten ground control points (GCPs) are collected with residual error 0.49 pixels to generate an absolute DEM. This generated DEM with 2.5 m spatial resolution is then matched with the 90 m spatial resolution of
SRTM (Space Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) DEM to compare the result. Although SRTM-DEM has a much coarser resolution, the positional accuracy of the matching is found. The difference of the height from the mean sea level (MSL) between the SRTM-DEM and the PRISM-DEM is analyzed and the correlation between the two DEMs is R²=0.8083. The accuracy of the DEM generated is given by the RMSE value of 0.8991 meter.
Fulltext Land cover classification of ALOS PALSAR data using maximum likelihood and dual mode polarization

Sim, C.K., Abdullah, K., Mat Jafri, M.Z., Lim, H.S.

Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2011;19(3):83-88.
MyJurnal

Microwave Remote sensing data have been widely used in land cover and land use classification. The objective of this research paper is to investigate the feasibility of the multi-polarized ALOS-PALSAR data for land cover mapping. This paper presents the methodology and preliminary result including data acquisitions, data processing and data analysis. Standard supervised classification techniques such as the maximum likelihood, minimum distance-to-mean, and parallelepiped were applied to the ALOS-PALSAR images in the land cover mapping analysis. The PALSAR data training areas were chosen based on the information obtained from
optical satellite imagery. The best supervise classifier was selected based on the highest overall accuracy and
kappa coefficient. This study indicated that the land cover of Butterworth, Malaysia can be mapped accurately
using ALOS PALSAR data.
Fulltext Pilomatrixoma: a diagnostic pitfall on fine-needle aspiration cytology of benign ‘Neck Metastases’

Asha’ari ZA, Shiyuti MI, Abdullah K, Selimin A, Sathananthar KS

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2014;13(2):63-66.
MyJurnal

Pilomatrixoma is a benign tumour that originates from the matrix of the hair root. This rare tumour is usually managed by the dermatologists. The commonest location of this tumour is in the head and neck region; hence, it can be encountered by any doctors with interest in this area. When presented in the neck, this hard tumour may pose a diagnostic challenge. A case report of pilomatrixoma misdiagnosed as a metastatic neck disease from fine-needle aspiration cytology is presented. The mistake in the diagnosis has led to a more aggressive and high morbidity surgery than necessary. It is important that head and neck doctors be aware of this condition and includes it in the differential diagnosis of hard masses presenting in the neck.
Fulltext Designing and validating a new asian family scale

Ramli Musa, Mat Aris MA, Draman S, Abdullah K, Bujang MA

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2015;14(2):23-28.
MyJurnal

All available family scales are designed for western countries and there is no validated
family scale which is specifically devised for Asian population. The difference in culture and family values warrants the formulation of a specific Asian family scale to cater the regional needs. The objectives are to devise and validate a new family scale and eventually to validate it for Malaysian population.
Factors influencing registered nurses perception of their overall job satisfaction: a qualitative study

Atefi N, Abdullah KL, Wong LP, Mazlom R

Int Nurs Rev, 2014 Sep;61(3):352-60.
PMID: 24902878 DOI: 10.1111/inr.12112

AIM: The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to explore factors related to critical care and medical-surgical nurses' job satisfaction as well as dissatisfaction in Iran.
BACKGROUND: Job satisfaction is an important factor in healthcare settings. Strong empirical evidence supports a causal relationship between job satisfaction, patient safety and quality of care.
METHOD: A convenient sample of 85 nurses from surgical, medical and critical care wards of a large hospital was recruited. Ten focus group discussions using a semi-structured interview guide were conducted. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using a thematic approach.
FINDINGS: The study identified three main themes that influenced nurses' job satisfaction and dissatisfaction: (1) spiritual feeling, (2) work environment factors, and (3) motivation. Helping and involvement in patient care contributed to the spiritual feeling reported to influence nurses' job satisfaction. For work environment factors, team cohesion, benefit and rewards, working conditions, lack of medical resources, unclear nurses' responsibilities, patient and doctor perceptions, poor leadership skills and discrimination at work played an important role in nurses' job dissatisfaction. For motivation factors, task requirement, professional development and lack of clinical autonomy contributed to nurses' job satisfaction.
CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING AND HEALTH POLICY: Nurse managers should ensure a flexible practice environment with adequate staffing and resources with opportunities for nurses to participate in hospital's policies and governance. Policy makers should consider nurses' professional development needs, and implement initiatives to improve nurses' rewards and other benefits as they influence job satisfaction.
KEYWORDS: Environment; Iran; Motivation Factors; Qualitative
Fulltext Tracheal agenesis as a rare cause of difficult intubation in a newborn with respiratory distress: a case report

Ahmad R, Abdullah K, Mokhtar L, Fadzil A

J Med Case Rep, 2009;3:105.
PMID: 19946583 DOI: 10.1186/1752-1947-3-105

Tracheal agenesis is a very rare congenital airway anomaly. It may pose a great challenge to the first attending physician both in diagnosis and in establishing the airway during the first day of life.
Pseudoaneurysm of the renal artery associated with melioidosis

Noordin K, Abdullah MM, Natarajan C, Wahab YA, Abdullah K

Br J Urol, 1995 May;75(5):680-1.
PMID: 7613814
Surgical complications of living unrelated kidney transplantations in a Third-World country

Lei C, Abdullah K, Morad Z, Suleiman AB

Transplant Proc, 1992 Oct;24(5):1815.
PMID: 1412860
Fulltext Iatrogenic ureteric injuries

Lei CC, Abdullah MM, Abdullah K

Med J Malaysia, 1991 Jun;46(2):163-70.
PMID: 1839421

Damage to the lower ureters during pelvic surgery is a serious and well-recognised complication. This iatrogenic injury, when undetected intra-operatively, continues to give rise to significant patient morbidity. In 1987, this Department was referred 18 cases of iatrogenic ureteric injuries. 16 patients were from gynaecologic surgery and 2 patients were from general surgery. Only 4 cases (24%) were detected and referred intra-operatively. 13 patients presented post-operatively with various symptoms viz., anuria, loin pain and urinary leak per vagina. Good recovery of urinary function was achieved in all cases after urological intervention, usually by ureteric re-implantation.
The effect of acute coronary syndrome care pathways on in-hospital patients: A systematic review

Daghash H, Lim Abdullah K, Ismail MD

J Eval Clin Pract, 2020 Aug;26(4):1280-1291.
PMID: 31489762 DOI: 10.1111/jep.13280

BACKGROUND: Health care institutions need to construct management strategies for patients diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) that focus on evidence-based treatments, adherence to treatment guidelines, and organized care. These help to reduce variations as well as the mortality and morbidity rates, which indicates the critical need for standardized care and adherence to evidence-based practices for patients hospitalized with ACS. The care pathways translate research and guidelines into clinical practice to close the gap between the guidelines and the clinical practices.
OBJECTIVES: This review focuses on identifying the indicators used to evaluate ACS care pathways and their effect on the care process and clinical outcomes.
METHODS: This review follows the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The systematic research was conducted using five research databases. Two groups were created by dividing the studies according to their year of publication. The first group included those studies published from 1997 to 2007 ("Group 1"), while the second included those published from 2008 to 2018 ("Group 2"). Selected studies were screened using the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) quality assessment tool.
RESULTS: Seventeen studies were included in this review. One study was a randomized controlled trial, 14 were predesigns and postdesigns, and two were longitudinal observational designs. The Group 1 studies demonstrated that ACS care pathways had a positive effect on reducing the length of the hospital stay and the door-to-balloon times. Similar effects were observed for the Group 2 studies.
CONCLUSION: Implementing ACS care pathway helps to organize care processes and decrease treatment delays as well as improve the patient outcomes without adverse consequences for patients or additional resources and costs. While the current level of evidence is inadequate to warrant a formal recommendation, there is a need for more studies with an emphasis on well-designed randomization to measure patient outcomes.
Fulltext Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials Comparing Cefazolin to Cefuroxime, Ceftriaxone, and Cefamandole for Surgical Site Infection Prevention

Ahmed NJ, Haseeb A, Alamer A, Almalki ZS, Alahmari AK, Khan AH

Antibiotics (Basel), 2022 Nov 03;11(11).
PMID: 36358198 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11111543

Surgical site infections are among the most prevalent and costly healthcare-associated infections, resulting in poor patient outcomes and even death. Cefazolin is a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic that is widely used for surgical prophylaxis in a variety of surgical disciplines. Although previous studies showed that cefazolin is effective in preventing surgical site infections, other agents, such as cefuroxime and ceftriaxone, were used excessively for surgical patients. The present analysis included only clinical trials comparing the efficacy of cefazolin to cefuroxime, ceftriaxone, and cefamandole in lowering SSIs using PubMed, Google Scholar, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Review Manager software (RevMan version 5.4) was used to conduct the meta-analyses. A total of 12,446 patients were included in the study. Among these patients, 6327 patients received cefazolin and 6119 patients received cefamandole, cefuroxime, or ceftriaxone. Our analysis showed that cefazolin is as effective as cefuroxime, cefamandole, and ceftriaxone in preventing surgical site infections. Hence, our findings have provided evidence for the use of cefazolin before surgeries because of its efficacy, as previous studies showed that it is inexpensive and safer than other agents.
Factors influencing job satisfaction among registered nurses: a questionnaire survey in Mashhad, Iran

Atefi N, Lim Abdullah K, Wong LP, Mazlom R

J Nurs Manag, 2015 May;23(4):448-58.
PMID: 24102706 DOI: 10.1111/jonm.12151

Job satisfaction is a critical factor in health care. Strong empirical evidence supports a causal relationship between job satisfaction, patient safety and quality of care.
A comparison of radiometric correction techniques in the evaluation of the relationship between LST and NDVI in Landsat imagery

Tan KC, Lim HS, Matjafri MZ, Abdullah K

Environ Monit Assess, 2012 Jun;184(6):3813-29.
PMID: 21755424 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-011-2226-0

Atmospheric corrections for multi-temporal optical satellite images are necessary, especially in change detection analyses, such as normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) rationing. Abrupt change detection analysis using remote-sensing techniques requires radiometric congruity and atmospheric correction to monitor terrestrial surfaces over time. Two atmospheric correction methods were used for this study: relative radiometric normalization and the simplified method for atmospheric correction (SMAC) in the solar spectrum. A multi-temporal data set consisting of two sets of Landsat images from the period between 1991 and 2002 of Penang Island, Malaysia, was used to compare NDVI maps, which were generated using the proposed atmospheric correction methods. Land surface temperature (LST) was retrieved using ATCOR3_T in PCI Geomatica 10.1 image processing software. Linear regression analysis was utilized to analyze the relationship between NDVI and LST. This study reveals that both of the proposed atmospheric correction methods yielded high accuracy through examination of the linear correlation coefficients. To check for the accuracy of the equation obtained through linear regression analysis for every single satellite image, 20 points were randomly chosen. The results showed that the SMAC method yielded a constant value (in terms of error) to predict the NDVI value from linear regression analysis-derived equation. The errors (average) from both proposed atmospheric correction methods were less than 10%.
Predicting safe tonsillectomy for ambulatory surgery

Ahmad R, Abdullah K, Amin Z, Rahman JA

Auris Nasus Larynx, 2010 Apr;37(2):185-9.
PMID: 19720483 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2009.06.010

To assess the safety of tonsillectomy procedure in local setting.
Fulltext Antibodies to somatic L3 antigen not protective against Brugia malayi infection

Noordin R, Abdullah KA, Azahri NA, Ramachandran CP

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1999 Dec;30(4):678-81.
PMID: 10928359

Western blot analysis of infective larvae (L3) antigen of Brugia malayi were performed on 200 sera from six groups of individuals: 36 samples from B. malayi microfilaremic individuals; 10 samples from individuals with elephantiasis; 50 and 20 samples from amicrofilaremic individuals in a B. malayi endemic area with no anti-filarial IgG4 antibodies (towards microfilaria and adult worm antigens) and samples with high titres of the anti-filarial IgG4 antibodies respectively; 50 samples from non-endemic normals and 34 samples from geohelminth-infected individuals. After protein transfer, PVDF membrane strips were successively incubated with blocking solution, human sera, monoclonal anti-human IgG4 antibody-HRP and developed with luminol chemiluminescence substrate. 28/36 (78%), 1/10 (10%) and 16/20(80%) of sera from individuals with microfilariae, elephantiasis and amicrofilaremic individuals with high titers of anti-filarial IgG4 antibodies respectively recognized L3 antigenic epitopes; the dominant and consistent antigenic bands were of approximately MW 43 kDa, 14 kDa, 15 kDa and 59 kDa. The rest of the sera were unreactive. This study showed that microfilaremics may or may not mount a notable antibody response to somatic L3 antigens, thus lending evidence that antibody response to this antigen is not protective against establishment of Brugia malayi infection.
Fulltext An unusual presentation of renal parenchymal malacoplakia

Teh GC, Chong WL, Manorammah L, Mah PKK, Abdullah K

Med J Malaysia, 2000 Jun;55(2):263-4.
PMID: 19839157
Feasibility of Salvage Selective Neck Dissection after Primary Irradiation of Pharyngeal and Laryngeal Carcinoma

Mat Lazim N, Abdullah K, Karakullukcu B, Tan IB

ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec, 2018;80(1):10-18.
PMID: 29428959 DOI: 10.1159/000486371

INTRODUCTION: The concept of neck dissection (ND) in the management armamentarium of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma has evolved throughout the years. Nowadays, ND becomes more functional.
METHODOLOGY: A retrospective study of 865 patients was performed at Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek Hospital to investigate the feasibility of selective ND (SND). All patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the pharynx and larynx who received primary radiation and underwent salvage ND were included in the study.
RESULT: A total of 29 NDs were analyzed. In 17 neck sides, viable metastases were found (58%), whereas in the other 12 specimens there were no viable metastases. In 16 of the 17 necks (94%), the metastases were located either in level II, III, or IV or in a combination of these 3 levels. Level V was involved in only 1 case (6%).
CONCLUSION: It is well justified to perform a salvage SND (levels II, III, and IV) for pharyngeal and laryngeal carcinoma after primary radiation. In carefully selected cases of supraglottic and oropharyngeal carcinoma, a superselective ND also appears as an efficient option.
The forward-backward and dual-panel translation methods are comparable in producing semantic equivalent versions of a heart quality of life questionnaire

Lee WL, Chinna K, Lim Abdullah K, Zainal Abidin I

Int J Nurs Pract, 2019 Feb;25(1):e12715.
PMID: 30515964 DOI: 10.1111/ijn.12715

AIM: To investigate semantic equivalence between two translated versions of the heart quality of life (HeartQoL) questionnaire produced by the forward-backward and dual-panel methods.
METHODS: The forward-backward and dual-panel versions of HeartQoL were self-administered among 60 participants who met the inclusion criteria of being a native Bahasa Malaysia-speaking Malay, aged 18 and older, having an indexed diagnosis of ischaemic heart disease and being cognitively fit. The administration sequence of the two versions was randomized. Additionally, three sociolinguists, who were blinded to translation processes and survey findings, rated the translated versions against the source version on three aspects of semantic equivalence.
RESULTS: Textual content in both translated versions was considerably similar (n = 9/14 items, ≈64%). The overall results from weighted kappa, raw agreement, intraclass correlations, and Wilcoxon signed-rank as well as experts' ratings were confirmative of semantic equivalence between the forward-backward and dual-panel versions of the HeartQoL. However, some mixed findings were indicative of potential gaps in both translated versions against the source version.
CONCLUSION: Both the forward-backward and dual-panel methods produced semantically equivalent versions of HeartQoL; but translation alone is insufficient to narrow the subtle gaps caused by differences in culture and linguistic style.

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