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Fulltext Idiopathic orbital inflammatory pseudotumour mimicking optic nerve sheath meningioma- a case report

Umi Kalthum, M.N., Amin, A., Syazarina, S.O., Faridah, H.A.

Journal of Surgical Academia, 2013;3(1):25-27.
MyJurnal

A 42-year-old Malay gentleman presented with progressive painless blurring of vision on his left eye associated with ocular ache, redness and increasing proptosis. Examination revealed presence of relative afferent papillary defect with visual acuity of counting finger, and 6/6 on the right eye. Extraocular muscle movement of the left eye was restricted to ten percent in all directions. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed enhancing mass occupying the left orbital apex. Diagnosis of optic nerve sheath meningioma was made, and patient subsequently went for radiotherapy. His symptoms subsided completely, until he presented with similar visual complains, and fullness of the upper lid two years later. A repeated MRI showed enlargement of superior and lateral recti muscles with extension to lacrimal gland region. Biopsy of the lacrimal gland revealed inflammatory cells consistent of inflammatory pseudotumor. High dose systemic steroid was instituted, followed by slow tapering of oral steroid. His symptoms completely resolved, and latest visual acuity was 6/9, with no recurrence, to date.
Fulltext Intra-operative phacoemulsification conversion to extracapsular cataract extraction: risk factors and visual outcome

Rathna, R., Amin, A., Bastion, M.L.C., Mushawiahti, M.

Journal of Surgical Academia, 2017;7(1):13-17.
MyJurnal

Phacoemulsification (PEA) is currently the procedure of choice for most cataract extraction. However, intra-operative complications may require the procedure to be converted to extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE). We have evaluated the indications for conversion and visual outcomes in cases converted from phacoemulsification to ECCE. A retrospective review was performed on 33 eyes in which phacoemulsification was initiated and then converted to ECCE. The main parameters evaluated were indications for conversion and visual outcomes at 3 months. Thirty-three cases out of 1448 operations were identified from January 2013 to February 2014.The incidence of PEA converted to ECCE was 2.2%. The indications for ECCE conversion were posterior capsular rupture (PCR) in twenty-two cases, combined capsulorhexis extension with PCR in three cases, capsulorhexis extension and zonular dialysis in two cases respectively. Combined zonular dialysis with PCR, corneal toxicity, Descemet’s tear and obscured edge of capsulorhexis had one case each. Twenty-six (78%) cases had gain in vision, one (3%) case had unchanged vision and six (18%) cases had worsening of vision. The incidence of complicated phacoemulsification surgery requiring intra-operative conversion to ECCE was low in our study (2.2%). Seventy-eight percent of cases achieved final VA of 6/12 or better. Therefore, early recognition of complications and timely intra-operative conversion of PEA to ECCE may result in good visual outcome.
Fulltext A rare case of massive systemic embolisation secondary to atrial myxoma- case report

Muhammad Amin AU

Med J Malaysia, 2013 Dec;68(6):471-2.
PMID: 24632916

We report a case of a 21 year old girl who presented with sudden onset of abdominal, back and bilateral leg pain, paralysis with unexpected collapse at home. Physical examination was suggestive of acute aortic occlusion. CTangiogram revealed multi-system thrombo-embolic shower. She proceeded to urgent aortic thrombectomy and fasciotomy of the bilateral lower limb. Further investigation revealed atrial myxoma and we report the patient's postoperative progress and eventual transfer to rehabilitation facility.
Fulltext ‘Boating’ out migrated dexamethasone implant; surgical management of removal of anterior chamber migrated dexamethasone intravitreal implant: a case report

Teo, B.H., Safinaz, M.K., Mae-Lynn, C.B., Amin, A., Edward, R., Mushawiahti, M.

Medicine & Health, 2018;13(2):175-179.
MyJurnal

It is rare for anterior chamber migration of an Ozurdex® implant from vitreous cavity, but it is seen more frequently in aphakic eyes or in pseudophakic cases with zonular dehiscense. We describe a case of a middle-aged gentleman who had persistent diabetic macular oedema not responding to anti-VEGF (vascular endothelium growth factor), who was treated with intravitreal Ozurdex® in his post vitrectomized eye and developed anterior migration of the implant to the anterior chamber. Anterior dislocation of an intravitreal implant of dexamethasone can be managed by repositioning it to the vitreous cavity or removing it through a corneal limbal incision. Ozurdex® is a friable implant, especially after a few weeks of implantation. Therefore, removal of the implant by grasping or aspiration may lead to its fracture or dispersion of the implant material. This is a report of a simple,fast and effective technique to remove a migrated Ozurdex® from the anterior chamber using a modified silicone tip.
Fulltext Isolated facial palsy due to intra-aural tick (ixodoidea) infestation

Zamzil Amin, A., Baharudin, A., Shahid, H., Din Suhaimi, S., Nor Affendie, M.J.

Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2007;2(1):51-53.
MyJurnal

A tick in the ear is a very painful condition and removal is difficult because it grips firmly to the external auditory canal or tympanic membrane. Facial paralysis is a rarely reported localised neurological complication of an intra-aural tick infestation. The pathophysiology of localised paralysis is discussed, together with the safe way of handling patients with an intra-aural tick infestation.
Fulltext Retinal redetachment after pneumatic retinopexy – the importance of case selection

Muhammad Najmi, K., Aida Zairani, M.Z., Mushawiahti, M., Bastion, M.L.C., Amin, A.

Journal of Surgical Academia, 2017;7(2):18-20.
MyJurnal

Pneumatic retinopexy is known as one of the treatment options for a specific type of retinal detachment. It is done in
an office setting and may be the most cost-effective means of retinal reattachment surgery. Location and size of the
retinal break remain as the major criteria for a successful outcome. We describe a case that fulfilled all except one
major criteria for pneumatic retinopexy and underwent multiple procedures but failed. Fluctuation in the resolution
of the retinal detachment such as in this particular case suggested possibility of early treatment failure.
Fulltext Study on physiochemical properties and the halalness of commercially marketed vinegar in Malaysia

Jamaludin, M.A., Amin, A., Fadzlillah, N. A., Kartika, B., Othman, R., Sani, S., et al.

International Food Research Journal, 2017;24(101):0-0.
MyJurnal

Vinegar is very popular as traditional ingredient for cooking, pickling, and preservation. It is made from sugar or starch by an alcoholic and acetous fermentation and produces ethanol as a by-product. Alcohol is prohibited to be consumed for Muslim or used as ingredient if it is exceeding the allowable limit as stated by Islamic Council in Malaysia. According to Fatwa Committee National Council of Islamic Religious Affairs Malaysia, natural occurrences of ethanol in food products are acceptable if the ethanol contents are less than 1% in beverages and 0.5% for flavoring or coloring substances for the purpose of stabilization. On the other hand, for specific vinegar product, as stated by Malaysian Food Act and Regulation, acetic acid content must be at least 4%. According to FAO/WHO, a product is to be labelled as vinegar if the acetic acid content is 6% and with a maximum residual alcohol content of 0.5%v/v for wine vinegar and 1%v/v for other vinegars. This study investigated the physiochemical properties of the vinegar from different sources of raw materials. Total solubility (TA) by using Brix method, pH, and alcohol and acetic acid content by GC-TOF/MS of 12 commercial vinegars from Malaysia and abroad were studied. The result shown that for pH value of commercial vinegar are ranged from 2.51-3.14°Brix from 2.10-40.73°Brix, acetic acid is ranged from 0.0253-0.1276% and ethanol content from 0-0.5911%. Thus, this study will come out with the clear observation on ethanol content in fermented product which is vinegar in order to categories the halalness of the product that available in Malaysia market especially the ones that are produced internationally. Lastly, as shown by the profiling study, vinegar that are imported internationally may contain some amount of alcohol in contrast with the one that locally produced in Malaysia and has Halal certification.
Fulltext Patterns of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy among a multiracial population in a Malaysian hospital

Nazima, S.A., Hanisah, A.H., Rona, A.N., Wong, H.S., Amin, A., Bastion, M.L.C., et al.

Medicine & Health, 2016;11(2):245-256.
MyJurnal

Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) is a retinal disorder characterized
by aneurismal polypoidal lesions in choroidal vasculature. PCV appears to
preferentially affect pigmented individuals and is considerably high among Asians.
Most reports on patterns of PCV around Asia are based on a homogenous race
(e.g. Chinese, Japanese) and very few descriptions from a multiracial population
like those seen in Malaysia. The present study aimed to describe the demographic
features, clinical and investigative characteristics of PCV in a multiracial group at
Universiti Kebangsaaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC). Ninety one eyes of 86
PCV patients, comprising of Chinese (65.1%), Malays (31.4%), Indians (2.3%) and
Eurasian (1.2%) were retrospectively reviewed. All underwent complete ophthalmic
examination and investigations. Mean patient age was 70.4 years with a male
preponderance (59.3%), and mostly unilateral presentation (94.1%). The logMAR
mean presenting visual acuity was 0.78 ± 0.64. Polypoidal vascular lesions were
located generally within the macula area (86.8%), manifesting mainly as submacular
hemorrhage (59.3%). Interestingly a number of eyes (43.9%) had associated drusen.
Optical coherence tomography largely demonstrated exudative changes (75.9%)
and almost all patients (97.7%) had loss of external limiting membrane (ELM) and
IS/OS interface. On indocyanine green angiography, majority of eyes had multiple
polyps (82.4%) with ‘cluster’ (58.2%) being the commonest configuration. In
conclusion, although the patterns of PCV in UKMMC were mainly similar to other
Asian patients, a number of our patients had associated drusen. This indicates
that PCV in our population could be a variant of neovascular age related macular
degeneration and not solely idiopathic in nature.
Fulltext Determination of permissible alcohol and vinegar in Shariah and scientific perspectives

Jamaludin, M.A., Hashim, D.M., Rahman, R.A., Ramli, M.A., Majid, M.Z.A., Othman, R., et al.

International Food Research Journal, 2016;23(6):2737-2743.
MyJurnal

The halal food production industry is gaining greater attention among Muslim and non-Muslim
majority countries, particularly due to the increase of global market demand. One of the critical
areas in issuing halal certified food is the determination of allowable alcohol content in food
and drinks. The level of alcohol content has not standardized in several standards and fatwa of
Islamic scholars. In Islam, the alcohol in several fruit products is produced through fermentation
process such as takhammur (wine making) and takhallul (vinegar making). The fermentation
process gives an impact to the status of the food products either permissible or prohibited.
Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to discuss on the determination of permissible alcohol
and vinegar by fermentation process content in selected food products from Shariah and science
perspectives. In doing so, the views of authentic of Islamic Law in this issue are supported by
lab work approached. As a result, in the first phase there are three types of by products from
takhammur, while two types of takhallul. All the products can be determine of the alcohol
content and give an implication of the status either permissible (halal) or prohibited (haram).
Hence, in juice considered as halal due to lower of alcohol content. While cider or alcoholic
beverage is haram due to above alcohol level permitted which is above of the 1%. Besides,
cider vinegar or vinegar is halal by the interpretation of hadith of permissible conversion from
alcoholic to vinegar itself.
Fulltext Intermetallic growth of SAC237 solder paste reinforced with MWCNT

Azmah Hanim, M.A., Mohamad Aznan, M.N., Muhammad Raimi, R., Muhammad Azrol Amin, A.

Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2017;25(4):1249-1254.
MyJurnal

The formation of intermetallic compound (IMC) layer at the interfaces of pad finishes has been studied.
The growth of IMC layer as a reflow process and its properties were also discussed. In this study, solder
alloy SAC237 (Sn: 99 wt.%, Ag: 0.3 wt.%, Cu: 0.7 wt.%), reinforced with 0.01 wt.% Multi-Walled
Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs), was mixed to form a composite solder paste and soldered on Electroless
Nickel Immersion Gold (ENIG) and Immersion Tin (ImSn) pad finishes. Reflow process was conducted
in oven with specific reflow profile. The growth and properties of IMC layer were analysed using optical
microscope with image analyser. Results showed that the thickness of IMC layer for ENIG and ImSn
were 1.49 and 2.51 µm, respectively. Floating IMC and voids within the solder bulk and IMC layer
were also identified in the samples. In addition, the measured wetting angle for ENIG and ImSn were
16.21° and 34.32°, respectively.
Fulltext Spectral technique with convergence analysis for solving one and two-dimensional mixed Volterra-Fredholm integral equation

Amin AZ, Amin AK, Abdelkawy MA, Alluhaybi AA, Hashim I

PLoS One, 2023;18(5):e0283746.
PMID: 37235577 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283746

A numerical approach based on shifted Jacobi-Gauss collocation method for solving mixed Volterra-Fredholm integral equations is introduced. The novel technique with shifted Jacobi-Gauss nodes is applied to reduce the mixed Volterra-Fredholm integral equations to a system of algebraic equations that has an easy solved. The present algorithm is extended to solve the one and two-dimensional mixed Volterra-Fredholm integral equations. Convergence analysis for the present method is discussed and confirmed the exponential convergence of the spectral algorithm. Various numerical examples are approached to demonstrate the powerful and accuracy of the technique.
Fulltext Recalcitrant cystoid macular oedema in an eye with ischaemic central retinal vein occlusion - what's next?

Yong MH, Amin A, Mushawiahti M, Bastion ML

Med J Malaysia, 2015 Dec;70(6):358-60.
PMID: 26988210

We report a case of a middle-aged gentleman with recalcitrant macular oedema (RMO) secondary to ischaemic central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). He was given six injections of intravitreal ranibizumab (anti-VEGF) monthly. However, his visual acuity (VA) deteriorated and the macular oedema worsened. He then received an intravitreal dexamethasone implant eight months post-CRVO. His VA and macular oedema improved dramatically and significantly at first follow-up and remained stable at six months after implant. This case can be a reference for those who treating recalcitrant macular oedema. It shows the effect of an intravitreal dexamathasone implant might have in a patient with RMO due to CRVO. The patient enjoyed improvement of vision, with clinical evidence of reduction in central macular thickness (CMT) and with no serious adverse events after a single injection up to six months post implant.
Physical properties of cobia (Rachycentron canadum) surimi: effect of washing cycle at different salt concentrations

Hamzah N, Sarbon NM, Amin AM

J Food Sci Technol, 2015 Aug;52(8):4773-84.
PMID: 26243898 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-014-1622-1

This study aimed to determine the effects of 2-5 wash cycles and the addition of tetrasodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) (0 %, 0.05 Surimi% and 0.1 % w/w)-with or without the addition of 0.4 % calcium chloride (CaCl2)-on the physical properties such as texture, colour, expressible moisture and microstructure of Cobia (Rachycentron canadum) surimi gel. The highest breaking force (484.85 g) was obtained with the addition 0.1 % TSPP alone on the fifth wash. However, a combination of 0.1 and 0.4 % CaCl2 in surimi gels at wash cycle 5 resulted in the highest degree of whiteness (86.8 %), as well as total expressible moisture (2.785 %) and deformation (17.11 mm). The highest surimi gel strength (6,923 g.mm) was obtained after three wash cycles with the addition of 0.1 % TSPP +0.4 % CaCl2. The physical properties of Cobia fish surimi gels were affected by the number of wash cycles and treatments with TSPP and CaCl2.
Definite stent thrombosis among Malaysian population: predictors and insights of mechanisms from intracoronary imaging

Lim KC, Yap LB, Amin AN

Med J Malaysia, 2020 09;75(5):472-478.
PMID: 32918412

INTRODUCTION: Stent thrombosis (ST) is an uncommon, but significant complication following angioplasty. We aimed to examine the predictors, clinical outcomes and mechanism of definite ST cases among patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
METHODS: This was a retrospective observational registry of 14,935 patients from the year 2011 till 2015. Clinical characteristics, clinical outcome and intracoronary imaging data were recorded in all the patients. The SPSS Statistic version 24 was used for statistical analysis. The Cox regression hazard model was used to report calculate the hazard ratio (HR) with a 95% confidence interval (95%CI). Independent predictors of ST were identified by univariate logistic regression analysis. Variables that showed a statistically significant effect in univariate analyses were entered in a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model. A p-value<0.05 was regarded as significant.
RESULTS: The incidence of definite ST was 0.25% (37 out of 14935 patients). 75% of ST group patients presented with ST elevation myocardial infarction (75% vs. 19.8%, p<0.01). There was higher mortality among patients with ST when compared to the group without ST (Hazard Ratio, HR=10.69, 95%CI: 1.13, 100). Two independent predictors of ST were 1) previous history of acute myocardial infarction (HR=2.36, 95%CI: 1.19, 4.70) and 2) PCI in the context of acute coronary syndrome when compared to elective PCI (HR=37, 95%CI: 15.7, 91.5). Examination of 19 ST cases with intracoronary imaging identified nine cases (47%) of underexpanded stents and five cases (26%) of malopposition of stents.
CONCLUSIONS: ST is associated with high mortality. PCI in acute coronary syndrome setting and a previous history of acute myocardial infarction were significant predictors for ST. Intracoronary imaging identified stent underexpansion and malopposition as common reasons for ST. In cases where the risk of ST is high, the use of intracoronary imaging guided PCI is recommended.
Fulltext Gender equality by 2045: reimagining a healthier future for women and girls

Amin A, Remme M, Allotey P, Askew I

BMJ, 2021 06 28;373:n1621.
PMID: 34183331 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.n1621
Neuroscience in Nigeria: the past, the present and the future

Balogun WG, Cobham AE, Amin A

Metab Brain Dis, 2018 04;33(2):359-368.
PMID: 28993966 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-017-0119-9

The science of the brain and nervous system cuts across almost all aspects of human life and is one of the fastest growing scientific fields worldwide. This necessitates the demand for pragmatic investment by all nations to ensure improved education and quality of research in Neurosciences. Although obvious efforts are being made in advancing the field in developed societies, there is limited data addressing the state of neuroscience in sub-Saharan Africa. Here, we review the state of neuroscience development in Nigeria, Africa's most populous country and its largest economy, critically evaluating the history, the current situation and future projections. This review specifically addresses trends in clinical and basic neuroscience research and education. We conclude by highlighting potentially helpful strategies that will catalyse development in neuroscience education and research in Nigeria, among which are an increase in research funding, provision of tools and equipment for training and research, and upgrading of the infrastructure at hand.
Using invertebrate model organisms for neuroscience research and training: an opportunity for Africa

Balogun WG, Cobham AE, Amin A, Seeni A

Metab Brain Dis, 2018 10;33(5):1431-1441.
PMID: 29797116 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0250-2

Africa is faced with an increasing underrepresentation of her research progress in many fields of science including neuroscience. This underrepresentation stems from the very low investments directed towards research by African governments as these are thought to be high-priced. Scientists and researchers within the continent are left to compete highly for the very limited research grants or choose to fund research from their personal purse. Therefore, presenting a need for all possible strategies to make science and research approaches more affordable in Africa. This paper presents one of such strategy, which advocates the use of invertebrate animal models for neuroscience research in place of the commonly used vertebrate models. Invertebrates are cheaper, more available and easy to handle options and their use is on the rise, even in the developed societies of the world. Here, we investigate the current state of invertebrate neuroscience research in Africa looking at countries and institutions conducting neuroscience research with invertebrates and their publication output. We discuss the factors which impede invertebrate neuroscience research in Africa like lack of research infrastructure and adequate expert scientists and conclude by suggesting solutions to these challenges.
Fulltext Improving the support for XML dynamic updates using a hybridization labeling scheme (ORD-GAP)

Haw SC, Amin A, Wong CO, Subramaniam S

F1000Res, 2021;10:907.
PMID: 35106138 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.69108.1

Background : As the standard for the exchange of data over the World Wide Web, it is important to ensure that the eXtensible Markup Language (XML) database is capable of supporting not only efficient query processing but also capable of enduring frequent data update operations over the dynamic changes of Web content. Most of the existing XML annotation is based on a labeling scheme to identify each hierarchical position of the XML nodes. This computation is costly as any updates will cause the whole XML tree to be re-labelled. This impact can be observed on large datasets. Therefore, a robust labeling scheme that avoids re-labeling is crucial. Method: Here, we present ORD-GAP (named after Order Gap), a robust and persistent XML labeling scheme that supports dynamic updates. ORD-GAP assigns unique identifiers with gaps in-between XML nodes, which could easily identify the level, Parent-Child (P-C), Ancestor-Descendant (A-D) and sibling relationship. ORD-GAP adopts the OrdPath labeling scheme for any future insertion. Results: We demonstrate that ORD-GAP is robust enough for dynamic updates, and have implemented it in three use cases: (i) left-most, (ii) in-between and (iii) right-most insertion. Experimental evaluations on DBLP dataset demonstrated that ORD-GAP outperformed existing approaches such as ORDPath and ME Labeling concerning database storage size, data loading time and query retrieval. On average, ORD-GAP has the best storing and query retrieval time. Conclusion: The main contributions of this paper are: (i) A robust labeling scheme named ORD-GAP that assigns certain gap between each node to support future insertion, and (ii) An efficient mapping scheme, which built upon ORD-GAP labeling scheme to transform XML into RDB effectively.
Advancing Neuroscience Research in Africa: Invertebrate Species to the Rescue

Balogun WG, Cobham AE, Amin A, Seeni A

Neuroscience, 2018 03 15;374:323-325.
PMID: 29427653 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.01.062

Neuroscience research and training in many African countries are difficult due to funding and infrastructure deficit. This has resulted in few neuroscientists within Africa. However, invertebrates such as Drosophila and Caenorhabditis elegans could provide the perfect answer to these difficulties. These organisms are cheap, easy to handle and offer a comparable advantage over vertebrates in neuroscience research modeling because they have a simple nervous system and exhibit well-defined behaviors. Studies using invertebrates have helped to understand neurosciences and the complexes associated with it. If Africa wants to catch up with the rest of the world in neuroscience research, it needs to employ this innovative cost-effective approach in its research. To improve invertebrate neuroscience within the Africa continent, the authors advocated the establishment of invertebrate research centers either at regional or national level across Africa. Finally, there is also a need to provide public funding to consolidate the gains that have been made by not-for-profit international organizations over the years.
The determinants of carbon emissions in Belt and Road Initiative countries: analyzing the interactive role of information and communication technologies

Ji D, Sibt-E-Ali M, Amin A, Ayub B

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2023 Oct;30(46):103198-103211.
PMID: 37682436 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29719-8

Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries have benefited greatly from the intelligent growth of the green economy made possible by the widespread adoption of internet and mobile phone technologies. In addition, renewable energy consumption endorses sustainable development. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to determine if the use of information and communication technology (ICT) and renewable energy consumption has an effect on sustainable development in BRI countries, while using the augmented mean group (AMG) model, AMG robustness test, and panel Dumitrescu-Hurlin causality test to get robust results. According to the results of the study, the information and communication technology, renewable consumption, human capital, and urbanization reduces the emission of carbon dioxide emission in BRI countries while economic growth enhances the CO2 emission. Therefore, it is recommended that BRI countries increase their inter-regional cooperation in order to boost investment in renewable energy, effectively use the spillover effect of technology and knowledge, and end the resource curse in environmental policy. Based on the results, the authors of this paper propose a number of important steps toward environmental sustainability.

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