Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 51 in total

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  1. Engaging policy makers in road safety research in Malaysia: a theoretical and contextual analysis
    Tran NT, Hyder AA, Kulanthayan S, Singh S, Umar RS
    Health Policy, 2009 Apr;90(1):58-65.
    PMID: 18937995 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2008.08.009
    Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are a growing public health problem that must be addressed through evidence-based interventions including policy-level changes such as the enactment of legislation to mandate specific behaviors and practices. Policy makers need to be engaged in road safety research to ensure that road safety policies are grounded in scientific evidence. This paper examines the strategies used to engage policy makers and other stakeholder groups and discusses the challenges that result from a multi-disciplinary, inter-sectoral collaboration. A framework for engaging policy makers in research was developed and applied to describe an example of collective road safety research in Malaysia. Key components of this framework include readiness, assessment, planning, implementation/evaluation, and policy development/sustainability. The case study of a collaborative intervention trial for the prevention of motorcycle crashes and deaths in Malaysia serves as a model for policy engagement by road safety and injury researchers. The analytic description of this research process in Malaysia demonstrates that the framework, through its five stages, can be used as a tool to guide the integration of needed research evidence into policy for road safety and injury prevention.
    Matched MeSH terms: Administrative Personnel*
  2. Fulltext Mapping the evidence on health equity considerations in economic evaluations of health interventions: a scoping review protocol
    Besar Sa'aid H, Mathew S, Richardson M, Bielecki JM, Sander B
    Syst Rev, 2020 01 08;9(1):6.
    PMID: 31915067 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-019-1257-4
    BACKGROUND: Equity in health has become an important policy agenda around the world, prompting health economists to advance methods to enable the inclusion of equity in economic evaluations. Among the methods that have been proposed to explicitly include equity are the weighting analysis, equity impact analysis, and equity trade-off analysis. This is a new development and a comprehensive overview of trends and concepts of health equity in economic evaluations is lacking. Thus, our objective is to map the current state of the literature with respect to how health equity is considered in economic evaluations of health interventions reported in the academic and gray literature.

    METHODS: We will conduct a scoping review to identify and map evidence on how health equity is considered in economic evaluations of health interventions. We will search relevant electronic, gray literature and key journals. We developed a search strategy using text words and Medical Subject Headings terms related to health equity and economic evaluations of health interventions. Articles retrieved will be uploaded to reference manager software for screening and data extraction. Two reviewers will independently screen the articles based on their titles and abstracts for inclusion, and then will independently screen a full text to ascertain final inclusion. A simple numerical count will be used to quantify the data and a content analysis will be conducted to present the narrative; that is, a thematic summary of the data collected.

    DISCUSSION: The results of this scoping review will provide a comprehensive overview of the current evidence on how health equity is considered in economic evaluations of health interventions and its research gaps. It will also provide key information to decision-makers and policy-makers to understand ways to include health equity into the prioritization of health interventions when aiming for a more equitable distribution of health resources.

    SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: This protocol was registered with Open Science Framework (OSF) Registry on August 14, 2019 (https://osf.io/9my2z/registrations).

    Matched MeSH terms: Administrative Personnel*
  3. Fulltext Factors influencing community pharmacist decision to dispense generic or branded medicines; Eastern Province, Alahsa, Saudi Arabia
    Albadr Y, Khan TM
    Saudi Pharm J, 2015 Apr;23(2):143-6.
    PMID: 25972733 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2014.07.002
    Rising costs of medicines have increased the interest of policy makers in generic medicines. However, consumers' and health care providers' perception and attitude towards generic medicine act as a main barrier to the promotion of generic medicines.
    Matched MeSH terms: Administrative Personnel
  4. Fulltext Marks recorded in Co-curricular Registration System using QR code
    Teh Faradilla Abdul Rahman, Zamri Abu Bakar
    Jurnal Inovasi Malaysia, 2019;2(2):19-39.
    MyJurnal
    The co-curricular is important for students at The Centre of Foundation Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA Dengkil to score. This is because it contributes 10% of the merits in the students’ applications for their degree program as set up by Bahagian Pengurusan Kemasukan Pelajar (UPU). In each new cohort, almost 5,000 students registered at this academic center. Previously, the grading process was done manually based on the number of activity coupon collected by the students in their co-curricular activity card. The use of co- curricular activity card had some challenges such as involving high cost, loss of coupons and activity cards, stolen activity cards and it was difficult for the students to monitor their achievement throughout their study. The process of recording thousands of students’ marks took place almost everyday, hence it must be improvised. To solve the problems mentioned, the CRS developers had came up with the idea of using QR code as an approach to ease and speed up the scoring process. Hence, this system helps supervisors to reduce human error and ease users (supervisors and administrators). Besides, the students could monitor their co-curricular total score from time to time to know how well they are doing so far. As a result, it has fruitfully benefited to almost 5,000 students, supervisors and administrator at the Student Affairs Division (HEP) as well as reducing the cost of buying co-curricular activity cards.
    Matched MeSH terms: Administrative Personnel
  5. Statistical analysis of vehicle theft crime in peninsular Malaysia using negative binomial regression model
    Ahmad Mahir Razali, Nurulkamal Masseran, Noriszura Ismail, Malina Zulkifli
    Sains Malaysiana, 2015;44:1363-1370.
    The aim of this paper was to identify the determinants that influence vehicle theft by applying a negative binomial regression model. The identification of these determinants is very important to policy-makers, car-makers and car owners, as they can be used to establish practical steps for preventing or at least limiting vehicle thefts. In addition, this paper also proposed a crime mapping application that allows us to identify the most risky areas for vehicle theft. The results from this study can be utilized by local authorities as well as management of internal resource planning of insurance companies in planning effective strategies to reduce vehicle theft. Indirectly, this paper has built ingenuity by combining information obtained from the database of Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia and insurance companies to pioneer the development of location map of vehicle theft in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Administrative Personnel
  6. Fulltext The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic period on stock market return and volatility. Evidence from the Pakistan Stock Exchange
    Wang B, Waris M, Adamiak K, Adnan M, Hamad HA, Bhatti SM
    PLoS One, 2024;19(4):e0295853.
    PMID: 38625885 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295853
    The COVID-19 pandemic has emerged as a significant event of the current century, introducing substantial transformations in economic and social activities worldwide. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between daily COVID-19 cases and Pakistan stock market (PSX) return volatility. To assess the relationship between daily COVID-19 cases and the PSX return volatility, we collected secondary data from the World Health Organization (WHO) and the PSX website, specifically focusing on the PSX 100 index, spanning from March 15, 2020, to March 31, 2021. We used the GARCH family models for measuring the volatility and the COVID-19 impact on the stock market performance. Our E-GARCH findings show that there is long-term persistence in the return volatility of the stock market of Pakistan in the period of the COVID-19 timeline because ARCH alpha (ω1) and GARCH beta (ω2) are significant. Moreover, is asymmetrical effect is found in the stock market of Pakistan during the COVID-19 period due to Gamma (ѱ) being significant for PSX. Our DCC-GARCH results show that the COVID-19 active cases have a long-term spillover impact on the Pakistan stock market. Therefore, the need of strong planning and alternative platform should be needed in the distress period to promote the stock market and investor should advised to make diversified international portfolio by investing in high and low volatility stock market to save their income. This study advocated the implications for investors to invest in low volatility stock especially during the period of pandemics to protect their return on investment. Moreover, policy makers and the regulators can make effective policies to maintain financial stability during pandemics that is very important for the country's economic development.
    Matched MeSH terms: Administrative Personnel
  7. Supervisors' experiences of workplace supervision of nursing and paramedic students in rural settings: a scoping review
    Trede F, McEwen C, Kenny A, O'Meara P
    Nurse Educ Today, 2014 May;34(5):783-8.
    PMID: 24698307 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2013.10.003
    We present our findings from a scoping review that sought to identify what is known about nursing and paramedic clinical supervisors' experiences of their supervision practices in rural settings. Our interest in these two groups is based on the central role that nurses and paramedics play in rural health care.
    Matched MeSH terms: Administrative Personnel*
  8. A proposal to help achieve equitable treatment of transgender people in the health system
    Ahmadi K, Allotey P, Reidpath DD
    Acad Med, 2013 May;88(5):559.
    PMID: 23611970 DOI: 10.1097/ACM.0b013e31828a0d46
    Matched MeSH terms: Administrative Personnel/education*
  9. Counterfeit drug demand: perceptions of policy makers and community pharmacists in Sudan
    Alfadl AA, Hassali MA, Ibrahim MI
    Res Social Adm Pharm, 2013 May-Jun;9(3):302-10.
    PMID: 22835708 DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2012.05.002
    The counterfeit drug trade has become widespread and has developed into a substantial threat to both the public's health and the pharmaceutical industry.
    Matched MeSH terms: Administrative Personnel*
  10. Fulltext Measuring and explaining multi-directional inefficiency in the Malaysian dairy industry
    Mohd Suhaimi NAB, de Mey Y, Oude Lansink A
    Br Food J, 2017;119(12):2788-2803.
    PMID: 29720740 DOI: 10.1108/BFJ-11-2016-0549
    Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to measure the technical inefficiency of dairy farms and subsequently investigate the factors affecting technical inefficiency in the Malaysian dairy industry.

    Design/methodology/approach: This study uses multi-directional efficiency analysis to measure the technical inefficiency scores on a sample of 200 farm observations and single-bootstrap truncated regression model to define factors affecting technical inefficiency.

    Findings: Managerial and program inefficiency scores are presented for intensive and semi-intensive production systems. The results reveal marked differences in the inefficiency scores across inputs and between production systems.

    Practical implications: Intensive systems generally have lowest managerial and program inefficiency scores in the Malaysian dairy farming sector. Policy makers could use this information to advise dairy farmers to convert their farming system to the intensive system.

    Social implications: The results suggest that the Malaysian Government should redefine its policy for providing farm finance and should target young farmers when designing training and extension programs in order to improve the performance of the dairy sector.

    Originality/value: The existing literature on Southeast Asian dairy farming has neither focused on investigating input-specific efficiency nor on comparing managerial and program efficiency. This paper aims to fill this gap.

    Matched MeSH terms: Administrative Personnel
  11. Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) Analysis of Algal Fuels
    Hosseinzadeh-Bandbafha H, Tabatabaei M, Aghbashlo M, Sulaiman A, Ghassemi A
    Methods Mol Biol, 2020;1980:121-151.
    PMID: 30838603 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2018_204
    Life-cycle assessment (LCA) is one of the most attractive tools employed nowadays by environmental policy-makers as well as business decision-makers to ensure environmentally sustainable production/consumption of various goods/services. LCA is a systematic, rigorous, and standardized approach aimed at quantifying resources consumed/depleted, pollutants released, and the related environmental and health impacts through the course of consumption and production of goods/service. Algal fuels are no exception and their environmental sustainability could be well scrutinized using the LCA methodology. In line with that, this chapter is devoted to present guidelines on the technical aspects of LCA application in algal fuels while elaborating on major standards used, i.e., ISO 14040 and 14044 standards. Overall, LCA practitioners as well as technical experts dealing with algal fuels in both the public and private sectors could be the main target audience for these guidelines.
    Matched MeSH terms: Administrative Personnel
  12. Evaluation performance of time series approach for forecasting air pollution index in Johor, Malaysia
    Nur Haizum Abd Rahman, Muhammad Hisyam Lee, Suhartono, Mohd Talib Latif
    Sains Malaysiana, 2016;45:1625-1633.
    The air pollution index (API) has been recognized as one of the important air quality indicators used to record the
    correlation between air pollution and human health. The API information can help government agencies, policy makers
    and individuals to prepare precautionary measures in order to eliminate the impact of air pollution episodes. This study
    aimed to verify the monthly API trends at three different stations in Malaysia; industrial, residential and sub-urban areas.
    The data collected between the year 2000 and 2009 was analyzed based on time series forecasting. Both classical and
    modern methods namely seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) and fuzzy time series (FTS) were
    employed. The model developed was scrutinized by means of statistical performance of root mean square error (RMSE).
    The results showed a good performance of SARIMA in two urban stations with 16% and 19.6% which was more satisfactory
    compared to FTS; however, FTS performed better in suburban station with 25.9% which was more pleasing compared
    to SARIMA methods. This result proved that classical method is compatible with the advanced forecasting techniques in
    providing better forecasting accuracy. Both classical and modern methods have the ability to investigate and forecast
    the API trends in which can be considered as an effective decision-making process in air quality policy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Administrative Personnel
  13. Fulltext A review of HIV/AIDS research in Malaysia
    Koh KC
    Med J Malaysia, 2014 Aug;69 Suppl A:68-81.
    PMID: 25417954 MyJurnal
    Two hundred fifty seven articles related to HIV/AIDS were found in a search through a database dedicated to indexing all original data relevant to medicine published in Malaysia between the years 2000-2013. One hundred seventy one articles were selected and reviewed on the basis of clinical relevance and future research implications. This review of literature has been divided into six sections, namely, epidemiology, risk behaviour, clinical features and opportunistic infections, management, diagnosis and discussion. Wherever possible, the reviewed articles have been presented in a chronological order to provide a historical perspective to the reader as many of the results of earlier publications, which are common knowledge now, were relatively unknown then. Since the early days of the HIV epidemic in Malaysia, there have been rapid advances in the understanding and the management of the epidemic in Malaysia based on the insights derived from the results of these research. These insights are invaluable tools for policy makers, advocators, healthcare providers, researchers and everyone and anyone who are involved in the care of individuals with HIV/AIDS. Attempts have been made to identify gaps in certain research areas with the hope of providing directions for future research in HIV/AIDS in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Administrative Personnel
  14. Fulltext Pre-hospital emergency medical service response time phenomenon in Klang valley: an answer for the society
    MOHD SAID NURUMAL
    Malaysian Journal of Qualitative Research, 2017;4(1):17-32.
    MyJurnal
    This qualitative descriptive study, underpinned by naturalistic inquiry, explored the prehospital emergency medical service response time in Klang Valley by providing an in-depth information of the phenomenon. In this study, various levels of health care personnel participated in focus group discussion and semi-structured interview. The staff members consisted of many levels of category from the lower ranks up to the higher level administrative officers. Content analysis was employed in analysing all data. Every one of the key informants was aware of the importance of making immediate responses to each ambulance call received. They shared their thoughts, experiences, and challenges in achieving the ideal response time in line with international recommendations. There were five categories of issues that emerged and challenges that arose from delays in response time, namely, 1) insufficient key information; 2) inconsistent information leading to delayed arrival of ambulance; 3) traffic condition causing delay in ambulance speed; 4) lack of resources contributing to an increase in workload; and, 5) unassertiveness in the attitude of members of staff. The findings have provided an answer to the society with regard to the current pre-hospital emergency medical service issues related to delay in the service delivered. Thus, policy makers and pre-hospital health care service providers should develop a strategic action plan by focusing on these findings to reduce the response time of ambulance call.
    Matched MeSH terms: Administrative Personnel
  15. Fulltext Unravelling the myths of R0 in controlling the dynamics of COVID-19 outbreak: A modelling perspective
    Mohd MH, Sulayman F
    Chaos Solitons Fractals, 2020 Sep;138:109943.
    PMID: 32834577 DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2020.109943
    COVID-19 is an emerging and rapidly evolving pandemic around the world, which causes severe acute respiratory syndrome and results in substantial morbidity and mortality. To examine the transmission dynamics of COVID-19, we investigate the spread of this pandemic using Malaysia as a case study and scrutinise its interactions with some exogenous factors such as limited medical resources and false detection problems. To do this, we employ a simple epidemiological model and analyse this system using modelling and dynamical systems techniques. We discover some contrasting findings with respect to the observations of basic reproduction number: while it is observed that R0 seems to provide a good description of transmission dynamics in simple outbreak scenarios, this quantity might mislead the assessment on the severity of pandemic when certain complexities such as limited medical resources and false detection problems are incorporated into the model. In particular, we observe the possibility of a COVID-19 outbreak through bistable behaviour, even when the basic reproduction number is less than unity. Based on these findings, we caution policy makers not to make their decisions solely based on the guidance of the basic reproduction number only, which clearly could cause trouble.
    Matched MeSH terms: Administrative Personnel
  16. Fulltext Macroeconomics determinations of gold price in United States
    Ngu, Seng Ling, Jerome, Kueh
    Trends in Undergraduate Research, 2020;3(1):17-28.
    MyJurnal
    Nowadays, gold prices have been volatile, and the wealth of gold investors depend on the movement of gold prices. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between gold prices, crude oil prices, inflation rate, real interest rate and stock prices in United States. This study uses monthly data covering the period ranging from January 1990 to August 2018. The Johansen and Juselius (JJ) Cointegration test and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) are conducted in this study. The result shows that there is a long-run relationship among gold prices, crude oil prices, inflation rate, real interest rate and stock prices. The results show that inflation rate and crude oil prices are significance and positively related to gold prices, while stock prices and real interest rate are negatively affecting gold prices. There are three unidirectional Granger causality and one bidirectional Granger causality in the short run. Only inflation rate Granger cause gold price, which means that inflation rate directly affects the gold prices. This study allows community such as central bank, government, financial institution, economist, investor and policy makers in manipulating and controlling the movement of the gold prices so that they have a better decision making to diversify their risks.
    Matched MeSH terms: Administrative Personnel
  17. Fulltext Refining the terminology of pre-higher education students: a quantitative study of entry qualifications, academic performance and family background
    Anealka Aziz, Imelia Laura Daneil, Tang Howe Eng
    Borneo Akademika, 2020;4(1):25-37.
    MyJurnal
    It is vital for educators to understand and match the learning needs of every student for learning to take place effectively. A detailed reference of the students’ entry characteristics, family background, and previous academic performance is useful in determining the materials and activities to be used with the students. The respondents of this study involved 103 students who enrolled in the pre-higher education programme. The characteristics to identify at-risk students are used as guidelines to redefine the definition of pre-higher education students. Therefore, the study aims to examine the characteristics of pre-higher education students based on their academic performance and socio-economic status. A quantitative method is used to gather more information about the basic entry characteristics, previous academic achievement, family background and Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia (SPM) results of the students. The findings of the study help the researcher to define the terminology of the prehigher education programme. Having to confirm to the conceptual definition of the pre-higher education students helps the policy makers and institutions to develop a suitable learning programme to cater to their learning needs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Administrative Personnel
  18. Fulltext Impact of climate change on water resources: global and Malaysian scenarios
    Mohd Armi, A.S., Afiza, A.S., Mohd Ramzi, A.
    ASM Science Journal, 2012;6(2):149-151.
    MyJurnal
    Over the last century, the earth’s climate has changed. It is a serious global, long-term problem which involves complex interactions. A lot of evidence suggests that most of the observed factors contributing to the crisis over the last 50 years can be attributed to human activities. Malaysia has always been vulnerable to extreme climatic events such as typhoons, floods and drought. We expect climate change to exacerbate these vulnerabilities. To ensure, that our water resources will always be secure and ready for use. We need to create awareness in the public and the policy makers so that they will acknowledge that the climate change issue is real. They also need to accept that actions to adapt with our vulnerabilities should be immediately put in place. We can do this by integrating the various sector policies and securing the participation of all stakeholders in Malaysia and other countries.
    Matched MeSH terms: Administrative Personnel
  19. Fulltext Cost implication analysis of concrete and Masonry waste in construction project
    Kasvar, K.K., Nagapan, S., Abdullah, A.H., Ullah, K., Deraman, R., Yunus, R., et al.
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2017;25(105):177-184.
    MyJurnal
    Concrete and masonry waste are the main types of waste typically generated at a construction project. There is a lack of studies in the country regarding the cost implication of managing these types of construction waste To address this need in Malaysia, the study is carried out to measure the disposal cost of concrete and masonry waste. The study was carried out by a site visit method using an indirect measurement approach to quantify the quantity of waste generated at the project. Based on the recorded number of trips for waste collection, the total expenditure to dispose the waste were derived in three construction stages. Data was collected four times a week for the period July 2014 to July 2015. The total waste generated at the study site was 762.51 m3 and the cost incurred for the 187 truck trips required to dispose the waste generated from the project site to the nearby landfill was RM22,440.00. The findings will be useful to both researchers and policy makers concerned with construction waste.
    Matched MeSH terms: Administrative Personnel
  20. Fulltext Instructional leadership, school effectiveness and organizational culture in inner rural of Sarawak
    Nur Faezah Arfan, Dg Norizah Ag Kiflee @ Dzulkifli
    Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2018;3(2):127-136.
    MyJurnal
    This concept paper discusses instructional leadership of administrator, school effectiveness and
    organizational culture in inner rural of Sarawak. Instructional leadership is the most reliable in
    education field. Leadership could directly impact the performance of the organization. In the context
    of this study, the organization is a Government-owned school. Thus the effectiveness of a school are
    influenced leadership practiced by administrators and civilization rooted in the school. Instructional
    leadership is given a priority in development plan Education 2013-2025 in five shifts to accommodate
    high-impact leaders in school. Education also did not miss in National Transformation 2020-2050 that
    is access to high quality education. Instructional leadership refers to the practice of administrator in
    giving guidance to teachers and students to improve and enhance the performance of the self and the
    school as a whole, whether in the areas of curriculum and co-curriculum. This performance will lead to school effectiveness from two major areas of the successfulness of students aspiration. However, there
    are other factors that play a role in performance improvements, that is the influence of organization
    culture formed under the leadership of the administrator.
    Matched MeSH terms: Administrative Personnel
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