Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 43 in total

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  1. Fulltext Coping among the non-institutionalised ill elderly
    Thambypillai V
    Med J Malaysia, 1986 Jun;41(2):116-22.
    PMID: 3821606
    The stress process and events of later life are more irreversible and chronic as compared with those of young adulthood Coping is defined as "things that people do to avoid being harmed by life-strains". This study looks at the coping status of non-institutionalised ill elderly in Holbaek, Denmark. A structured questionnaire was carried out on 500 elderly, aged 70 years and above. Coping status was found to be associated with income, social network, functional capacity and communications ability. The poor copers used more home help and home nursing services. Effective informal social network and functional capacity were found to be important determinants of coping status. The study recommends that besides strengthening the informal social networks of the elderly, they should also be given coping focussed counselling.
    Matched MeSH terms: Life Change Events*
  2. Stressful life events preceding the onset of depression in Asian patients with major depressive disorder
    Park S, Hatim A, Si TM, Jeon HJ, Srisurapanont M, Bautista D, et al.
    Int J Soc Psychiatry, 2015 Dec;61(8):735-42.
    PMID: 25846010 DOI: 10.1177/0020764015577842
    Previous studies have identified the significant role of stressful life events in the onset of depressive episodes. However, there is a paucity of cross-national studies on stressful life events that precede depression.
    Matched MeSH terms: Life Change Events
  3. The transmission and stability of cultural life scripts: a cross-cultural study
    Janssen SMJ, Haque S
    Memory, 2018 01;26(1):131-143.
    PMID: 28585471 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2017.1335327
    Cultural life scripts are shared knowledge about the timing of important life events. In the present study, we examined whether cultural life scripts are transmitted through traditions and whether there are additional ways through which they can be attained by asking Australian and Malaysian participants which information sources they had used to generate the life script of their culture. Participants hardly reported that they had used cultural and religious traditions. They more often reported that they had used their own experiences and experiences of relatives and friends. They also reported the use of comments of relatives and friends and the use of newspapers, books, movies and television programmes. Furthermore, we examined the stability of life scripts and similarities and differences across cultures. We found that life scripts are stable cognitive structures and that there are, besides cross-cultural differences in the content, small cross-cultural differences in the valence and distribution of life script events, with the Australian life script containing more positive events and more events expected to occur before the age of 16.
    Matched MeSH terms: Life Change Events*
  4. Validation of the Malay version of the Life Events Checklist for DSM-5 among Malaysian undergraduates
    Tan YK, Siau CS, Chan LF, Kõlves K, Zhang J, Ho MC, et al.
    Asian J Psychiatr, 2023 Nov;89:103772.
    PMID: 37748229 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103772
    This cross-sectional study aimed to validate the Life Events Checklist for DSM-5 (LEC-5) among Malaysian undergraduates (N = 500; mean age = 21.66 ± 1.57), of which 90.4% had ever experienced a lifetime traumatic event. Cronbach's alpha of .87 (95% CI [.86, .89]) and McDonald's omega of .89 (95% CI [.89, .93]) indicated good reliability. Confirmatory factor analysis based on a six-factor structure showed the best fit. The measurement invariance showed that the six-factor structure was similar across sexes. Therefore, the Malay LEC-5 is a valid and reliable instrument to screen for traumatic events among Malaysian undergraduates.
    Matched MeSH terms: Life Change Events*
  5. Fulltext Mind, body and cancer
    Yip, C.H
    JUMMEC, 2010;13(1):1-2.
    MyJurnal
    Many researchers studies have shown that stressful life events, from the death of a loved one to the loss of a job, are linked to an increase in certain health problems, particularly heart disease, diabetes, and hypertension. Many people assume that stress leads to cancer as well. Evidence for this, however, is not clear. However, the significance of mind-body interactions in medicine is now increasingly being recognised.(Copied from article.)
    Matched MeSH terms: Life Change Events
  6. Fulltext Effects of a brief stress reduction intervention on medical students’ depression, anxiety and stress level during stressful period.
    Muhamad Saiful Bahri Yusoff
    ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, 2011;12(1):0-0.
    MyJurnal
    Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate whether students exposed to a brief stress reduction intervention would have lesser stress, anxiety and depression levels compared to their non-exposed classmates during stressful events. Methods: The Ex Post Facto design was applied in this study. Students who were exposed and not exposed to a brief stress reduction intervention were surveyed during a continuous examination and during the final examination. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) was used to
    examine effects on anxiety, stress, and depression levels. Results: The exposed students statistically had lower anxiety and depression scores than the nonexposed students during the stressful period. Reduction of stress, anxiety and depression scores was sustained during the stressful period. Conclusion: The significant reduction of anxiety and depression scores suggested that brief intervention was effective in the enhancement of the psychological wellbeing of exposed medical students during stressful period.
    Matched MeSH terms: Life Change Events
  7. Life Course Cardiovascular Health: Risk Factors, Outcomes, and Interventions
    Pedamallu H, Zmora R, Perak AM, Allen NB
    Circ Res, 2023 Jun 09;132(12):1570-1583.
    PMID: 37289908 DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.123.321998
    Since it was first defined by the American Heart Association in 2010, cardiovascular health (CVH) has been extensively studied across the life course. In this review, we present the current literature examining early life predictors of CVH, the later life outcomes of child CVH, and the relatively few interventions which have specifically addressed how to preserve and promote CVH across populations. We find that research on CVH has demonstrated that prenatal and childhood exposures are consistently associated with CVH trajectories from childhood through adulthood. CVH measured at any point in life is strongly predictive of future cardiovascular disease, dementia, cancer, and mortality as well as a variety of other health outcomes. This speaks to the importance of intervening early to prevent the loss of optimal CVH and the accumulation of cardiovascular risk. Interventions to improve CVH are not common but those that have been published most often address multiple modifiable risk factors among individuals within the community. Relatively few interventions have been focused on improving the construct of CVH in children. Future research is needed that will be both effective, scalable, and sustainable. Technology including digital platforms as well as implementation science will play key roles in achieving this vision. In addition, community engagement at all stages of this research is critical. Lastly, prevention strategies that are tailored to the individual and their context may help us achieve the promise of personalized prevention and help promote ideal CVH in childhood and across the life course.
    Matched MeSH terms: Life Change Events
  8. Fulltext Revitalizing community and family case study (CFCS) programme
    Fahisham Taib, Nik Mohd Rizal Mohd Fakri
    Education in Medicine Journal, 2014;6(3):46-50.
    MyJurnal
    Community and family case study (CFCS) is a community based educational (CBE) programme commenced in 1980 at School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia. It serves to help and resolve health needs of the individual patients, family and their community. This will help to develop generic skills such as organization, communication and problem solving in relation to local norms, beliefs and socio-cultural influences. Students should have good awareness, sensitivity and empathic response based on health needs and environment that they are living in. Knowledge, skills, attitudes, emotions and values are repeatedly exposed to inculcate optimal learning environment with the community, as well as triggered response by the student to give back to the community by volunteerism. CFCS activism can be revitalized within the individual and group context. This can be achieved by multi-dimensional learning, collaborative effort, effective leadership and supervision, creative programme initiation, effectual research activities and sustainable service to the community. It is hopeful with active community engagement, life experiences learning process, self-directed and reflective learning, students are able to acquire refined attributes such as skills, behaviour, knowledge and attitudes, towards successful personal growth and advancement.
    Matched MeSH terms: Life Change Events
  9. Fulltext Understanding the reminiscence bump: A systematic review
    Munawar K, Kuhn SK, Haque S
    PLoS One, 2018;13(12):e0208595.
    PMID: 30533033 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208595
    One of the most consistently observed phenomena in autobiographical memory research is the reminiscence bump: a tendency for middle-aged and elderly people to access more personal memories from approximately 10-30 years of age. This systematic review (PROSPERO 2017:CRD42017076695) aimed to synthesize peer-reviewed literature pertaining to the reminiscence bump. The researchers conducted searches in nine databases for studies published between the date of inception of each database and the year 2017. Keywords used included: reminiscence, bump, peak, surge, blip, reminiscence effect, and reminiscence component. Sixty-eight quantitative studies, out of 523, met the inclusion criteria. The researchers implemented a thematic analytic technique for data extraction. Four main themes were generated: methods of memory activation/instruction for life scripts, types of memory/life scripts recalled, location of the reminiscence bump, and theoretical accounts for the bump. The two prevailing methods of memory activation implemented were the cuing method and important memories method. Three types of memories/life scripts were recalled: personal/autobiographical memory, memories for public events, and life script events. The findings illustrate differing temporal periods for the bump: approximately 10-30 years for memories for important events, approximately 5-30 years for memories that were induced by word cues, and 6-39 years for studies using life scripts. In explaining the bump, the narrative/identity account and cultural life script account received the most support.
    Matched MeSH terms: Life Change Events
  10. Fulltext Love tragedy, she wrote
    Mat Esa MS, Othman Z, Jamil Yaacob M
    Malays J Med Sci, 2004 Jan;11(1):86-9.
    PMID: 22977365
    A case of a 53-year old-single, Kelantanese lady with a diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia for 28 years is reported with aims to illustrate the influence of life experiences particularly based on education and intelligent on delusion illustrate the evolving nature of the complexity of delusions as well as to show the importance of documentation in psychiatric practice. We concluded that this patient had used defense mechanism of suppression, reaction formation and persecution throughout her delusion. The final persecutory delusion evolved through series of transformation via object of admirations. We postulated that in-depth emotional insight about effects of schizophrenia might have contributed to her self-reflection that have made her frustrated with her poor achievement in life.
    Matched MeSH terms: Life Change Events
  11. Preliminary findings on lifetime trauma prevalence and PTSD symptoms among adolescents in Sarawak Malaysia
    Ghazali SR, Elklit A, Balang RV, Sultan MA, Kana K
    Asian J Psychiatr, 2014 Oct;11:45-9.
    PMID: 25453696 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2014.05.008
    The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of lifetime exposure to traumatic events and its relation to PTSD symptoms.
    Matched MeSH terms: Life Change Events*
  12. Victimization experiences of adolescents in Malaysia
    Choo WY, Dunne MP, Marret MJ, Fleming M, Wong YL
    J Adolesc Health, 2011 Dec;49(6):627-34.
    PMID: 22098774 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2011.04.020
    There has been little community-based research regarding multiple-type victimization experiences of young people in Asia, and none in Malaysia. This study aimed to estimate prevalence, explore gender differences, as well as describe typical perpetrators and family and social risk factors among Malaysian adolescents.
    Matched MeSH terms: Life Change Events*
  13. Posttraumatic growth: a novel concept in oral cavity cancer care?
    Rajandram RK, Jenewein J, McGrath CP, Zwahlen RA
    Oral Oncol, 2010 Nov;46(11):791-4.
    PMID: 20850373 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2010.08.010
    Recently the importance of posttraumatic growth (PTG), a phenomenon of positive psychological growth beyond baseline values, has been discovered in the field of oncology. An evidence based review of the literature regarding PTG was performed, both to support its understanding and to consider its application within the research field of oral cavity (OC) cancer. A Pubmed, Medline, PsycINFO search from the earliest date until April 2010 was carried out. Full articles meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were reviewed. The search yielded 852 papers, 91 'potentially relevant papers' and 29 'effective papers', the latter of which formed the basis of this review. PTG was assessed in twenty-eight studies with the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory and in only one study with the Perceived Benefits Scale (PBS). PTG in cancer patients has been reported in five main domains (i) appreciation of life, (ii) relating to others, (iii) increased personal sense, (iv) sense of new possibilities and (v) positive spiritual change. Socio-demographic factors, stressor characteristics and coping strategies influence and predict the development PTG. In the past decade an increasing interest in the concept of PTG in the field of oncology has emerged. This evidence based review presents PTG to the research community in the field of OC cancer, appraises its modification capacity of the treatment outcome in other cancer research fields and hypothesizes its eventual benefit in the field of OC cancer research.
    Matched MeSH terms: Life Change Events*
  14. Economic and cultural influences on the decision to leave home in Peninsular Malaysia
    Johnson RW, DaVanzo J
    Demography, 1998 Feb;35(1):97-114.
    PMID: 9512913
    Although the departure of children from the parental home is an important life-cycle event, few studies have investigated nest-leaving in developing countries. Using retrospective data from the Second Malaysian Family Life Survey, we estimate hazard models of nest-leaving in Peninsular Malaysia. We find that the departure of children, especially sons, responds to economic incentives, including housing costs, family businesses, education, and economic growth, and that ethnic differences in nest-leaving are important. We also find that the median age of departure from home has declined sharply over the past 40 years, a period of rapid social and economic change in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Life Change Events*
  15. Relations Between Cultural Life Scripts, Individual Life Stories, and Psychological Distress
    Anne M, Janssen SMJ
    Psychol Rep, 2021 Apr;124(2):521-542.
    PMID: 32208807 DOI: 10.1177/0033294120913490
    Cultural life scripts are shared knowledge about personal events expected to be experienced by individuals within a society and used as a framework for life story narration. Differences in cultural life scripts for individuals with depression and trauma, and their relations to anxiety, stress, and well-being, have not been investigated. Malaysian participants (N = 120) described and rated seven significant events most likely to be experienced by a prototypical infant from their culture, and seven significant events they had experienced or expected to experience in their own life. Participants then answered questionnaires about depression and trauma symptoms and about anxiety, stress, and well-being. The subclinical depression group listed less typical cultural life scripts events, whereas the subclinical post-traumatic stress disorder group listed less positive individual life story events. The findings indicate that, although individuals with depression and trauma possess knowledge of the cultural life scripts, there may be small differences in the cognitive processing of cultural life scripts and individual life story events.
    Matched MeSH terms: Life Change Events*
  16. Depression Following Major Life Transitions in Women: A Review and Theory
    Moustafa AA, Crouse JJ, Herzallah MM, Salama M, Mohamed W, Misiak B, et al.
    Psychol Rep, 2020 Oct;123(5):1501-1517.
    PMID: 31470771 DOI: 10.1177/0033294119872209
    Depression can occur due to common major life transitions, such as giving birth, menopause, retirement, empty-nest transition, and midlife crisis. Although some of these transitions are perceived as positive (e.g., giving birth), they may still lead to depression. We conducted a systematic literature review of the factors underlying the occurrence of depression following major life transition in some individuals. This review shows that major common life transitions can cause depression if they are sudden, major, and lead to loss (or change) of life roles (e.g., no longer doing motherly or fatherly chores after children leave family home). Accordingly, we provide a theoretical framework that explains depression caused by transitions in women. One of the most potential therapeutic methods of ameliorating depression associated with life transitions is either helping individuals accept their new roles (e.g., accepting new role as a mother to ameliorate postpartum depression symptoms) or providing them with novel life roles (e.g., volunteering after retirement or children leave family home) may help them overcome their illness.
    Matched MeSH terms: Life Change Events*
  17. Stressful life events and recurrent abdominal pain in children in a rural district in Malaysia
    Boey CC, Goh KL
    Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2001 Apr;13(4):401-4.
    PMID: 11338070
    OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to look at the correlation between recurrent abdominal pain and the presence of recent stressful life events among schoolchildren in a rural district in Malaysia.

    METHOD: This is a cross-sectional study of schoolchildren aged 9-15 years based in Kuala Langat, a rural district located in the south-west of the Malaysian state of Selangor. Schoolchildren were selected randomly and given questionnaires to fill in. This was followed by interview with the children on the same day by one of the authors (CCMB) to ensure consistency of response. Recurrent abdominal pain was defined as 'at least three episodes of abdominal pain, severe enough to affect their activities over a period longer than three months' [1]. The children were also asked to answer either 'yes' or 'no' to whether they had experienced various life events in the previous year.

    RESULTS: A sample of 1462 schoolchildren (722 boys and 740 girls) aged between 9 and 15 years were included in the study. There were 768 Malays, 393 Chinese and 301 Indians. Of these 1462 children, 161 (11.0%) had recurrent abdominal pain. On performing multiple logistic regression analysis, two life events were significantly associated with recurrent abdominal pain: death of a family member (P = 0.008; odds ratio 0.61, 95% CI 0.43-0.88) and a change in occupation of an immediate family member (P = 0.003; odds ratio 0.53, 95% CI 0.35-0.81).

    CONCLUSION: This study suggests that recurrent abdominal pain in children is associated with recent stressful life events in the children's lives.

    Matched MeSH terms: Life Change Events*
  18. The significance of life-events as contributing factors in childhood recurrent abdominal pain in an urban community in Malaysia
    Boey CC, Goh KL
    J Psychosom Res, 2001 Oct;51(4):559-62.
    PMID: 11595243
    This study aimed to look at the link between childhood recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) and the presence of recent life-events in an urban community in Malaysia. School children aged from 9 to 15 years in the city of Petaling Jaya were randomly selected to fill in a questionnaire and to be interviewed. The prevalence of RAP among 1488 school children studied was 9.6% (95% confidence interval (CI), 8.18-11.25). Higher prevalences of RAP were found in children who had experienced the following life-events in the previous year: loss of a family member through death (Plife-events remain significant: hospitalisation of a family member (P=.038), the child's own hospitalisation (P=.034), change in occupation of an immediate family member (P=.049), examination failure (P=.001) and bullying at school (P=.028). This study strongly suggests that recent stressful life-events are important risk-factors for RAP.
    Matched MeSH terms: Life Change Events*
  19. Fulltext Kesan psikologi keatas mangsa banjir di negeri Johor
    Badiah, Y., Sulaiman, B., Rohaya, H., Mohd Zaidi, M.Z., Rohailina, R.
    Malaysian Journal of Community Health, 2009;15(3):79-87.
    MyJurnal
    Floods are natural disasters that occur without much warning. Natural disasters can result in negative impact due to highly stressful event. Floods can cause mental and emotional disorders to the victims and could also induce stress and trauma either in the short or long terms. This research was carried out to recognize the psychological sequelae of floods and how to overcome them. This study describes the cross sectional descriptive pattern of flood victims in Johor. The DASS Test Questionnaire which is a measurement tool endorsed by the Family Development Institute, Ministry of Health Malaysia was used. We carried out the research in 3 districts of Johor which were the worst hit areas by the flood disaster. Twenty-three percent of the participants were males while 77% were females. The DASS Test Questionnaire showed that 13% were mildly depressed, 7% moderately depressed and 3% were severely depressed. It also revealed that 22% were mildly anxious, 19% moderately anxious, 5% severely anxious and 4% had very severe anxiety. On the stress scores, 15% suffered mild stress, 11% were moderately stressed while 2% were severely stressed. A committee to conduct the motivation programme for the state of Johor was formed by Jabatan Kesihatan Negeri Johor with the cooperation of the PROKEM committee from Hospital Permai, Johor Bahru. This committee headed by the Deputy Director of Health (Medical Division) attempted to overcome the psychological sequelae suffered by flood victims. The activities conducted by the PROKEM staff and staff from the Ministry of Health were monitored by the committee based at Hospital Permai, Johor Bahru. The Bilik Gerakan was in operation for 24 hours a day with meetings conducted every morning and evening to brief and debrief members of staff who were going to carry out the motivation programme. Feedback was also obtained from staff on their return from the various relief centres.
    Matched MeSH terms: Life Change Events
  20. Fulltext Conversion Symptoms In Schizophrenia: A Case Report
    Ting, J.H., Nor Zuraida, Z., Sharmilla, K., Salina, M.
    Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 2009;18(2):1-5.
    MyJurnal
    We report a 35 year-old Iranian female who presented with a sudden onset of left sided hemiparesis associated with temporary loss of consciousness of about 3 minutes. Neurological examination revealed a power of 0/5 over the left upper/lower limbs but reflexes were normal and plantar reflex was downgoing and equivocal. A computed tomography scan was done and it revealed mild bilateral frontal atrophy and a temporal arachnoid cyst which was decidedly an incidental finding and it did not have any relation to the clinical presentation. Electroencephalogram and other laboratory findings were all normal. When the psychiatric team interviewed her, it was revealed that the patient had recently experienced a major stressful event just prior to the hemiparesis. On further interview, the patient had complained of delusions of persecution, delusions of reference and also auditory hallucinations for approximately a year prior to admission. There have been only a spatter of reports of conversion symptoms seen in patients with schizophrenia and this is such a case.
    Matched MeSH terms: Life Change Events
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