Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 199 in total

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  1. Kesan suplimentasi tokotrienol dan tokoferol ke atas perubahan status oksidatif hepar dan aktiviti enzim antioksidan tikus aruhan stres
    Nur Azlina Mohd. Fahami, Muharani Tajudin
    Sains Malaysiana, 2011;40.
    Kajian ini telah dijalankan untuk menentukan kesan suplimentasi tokotrienol (TT) dan tokoferol (TF) ke atas status oksidatif dan aktiviti enzim antioksidan pada hepar tikus dalam keadaan stres. Sebanyak 24 ekor tikus Sprague-Dawley jantan telah dibahagikan secara rawak kepada empat kumpulan. Dua kumpulan kawalan, kumpulan stres (CS) dan kumpulan tanpa stres (C) serta dua kumpulan rawatan yang diberikan tokotrienol (TTS) atau tokoferol (TFS) secara oral paksaan pada dos 60 mg/kg berat badan selama 28 hari dan didedahkan kepada stres. Setelah tamat tempoh rawatan, tikus-tikus daripada kumpulan CS, TTS dan TFS telah didedahkan kepada stres restain selama dua jam sehari untuk empat hari berturut-turut. Kemudian, darah tikus diambil untuk menentukan aktiviti enzim antioksidan iaitu superoksid dismutas (SOD) dan glutation peroksidase (GPx) manakala hepar diambil untuk menentukan kandungan malondialdehid (MDA) dan tahap glutation. Hasil kajian mendapati kandungan MDA meningkat dan glutation menurun secara signifikan pada tisu hepar pada kumpulan CS setelah diaruh stres, berbanding kumpulan tanpa stres. Walau bagaimanapun, tikus yang diberi suplimentasi tokotrienol dan tokoferol menunjukkan penurunan signifikan kandungan MDA dan peningkatan glutation berbanding kumpulan kawalan. Keputusan kajian ini mencadangkan bahawa tokotrienol dan tokoferol mampu menghalang tekanan oksidatif pada hepar akibat stres. Hasil daripada kajian ini juga menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan dalam aktiviti GPx plasma tikus pada kumpulan CS. Kumpulan tikus yang disuplimentasikan dengan tokotrienol menunjukkan penurunan yang signifikan dalam aktiviti GPx berbanding kumpulan CS. Sebagai kesimpulan, tokotrienol dan tokoferol berkesan dalam mengurangkan status oksidatif pada hepar tikus dan ini dapat diperhatikan dengan peningkatan glutation hepar dan penurunan aktiviti GPx plasma tikus yang teraruh stres.
    Matched MeSH terms: Plasma
  2. Fulltext Low-energy plasma focus device as an electron beam source
    Khan MZ, Ling YS, Yaqoob I, Kumar NN, Kuang LL, San WC
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:240729.
    PMID: 25544952 DOI: 10.1155/2014/240729
    A low-energy plasma focus device was used as an electron beam source. A technique was developed to simultaneously measure the electron beam intensity and energy. The system was operated in Argon filling at an optimum pressure of 1.7 mbar. A Faraday cup was used together with an array of filtered PIN diodes. The beam-target X-rays were registered through X-ray spectrometry. Copper and lead line radiations were registered upon usage as targets. The maximum electron beam charge and density were estimated to be 0.31 μC and 13.5 × 10(16)/m(3), respectively. The average energy of the electron beam was 500 keV. The high flux of the electron beam can be potentially applicable in material sciences.
    Matched MeSH terms: Plasma Gases*
  3. Plasma volumes in a group of healthy Malaysians
    Shahabudin SH
    Med J Malaysia, 1977 Sep;32(1):25-7.
    PMID: 609339
    Matched MeSH terms: Plasma Volume*
  4. Microwave induced plasma for solid fuels and waste processing: A review on affecting factors and performance criteria
    Ho GS, Faizal HM, Ani FN
    Waste Manag, 2017 Nov;69:423-430.
    PMID: 28811144 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.015
    High temperature thermal plasma has a major drawback which consumes high energy. Therefore, non-thermal plasma which uses comparatively lower energy, for instance, microwave plasma is more attractive to be applied in gasification process. Microwave-induced plasma gasification also carries the advantages in terms of simplicity, compactness, lightweight, uniform heating and the ability to operate under atmospheric pressure that gains attention from researchers. The present paper synthesizes the current knowledge available for microwave plasma gasification on solid fuels and waste, specifically on affecting parameters and their performance. The review starts with a brief outline on microwave plasma setup in general, and followed by the effect of various operating parameters on resulting output. Operating parameters including fuel characteristics, fuel injection position, microwave power, addition of steam, oxygen/fuel ratio and plasma working gas flow rate are discussed along with several performance criteria such as resulting syngas composition, efficiency, carbon conversion, and hydrogen production rate. Based on the present review, fuel retention time is found to be the key parameter that influences the gasification performance. Therefore, emphasis on retention time is necessary in order to improve the performance of microwave plasma gasification of solid fuels and wastes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Plasma Gases*
  5. Fulltext Good anatomical outcome of orbital plasmacytoma following chemo-radiotherapy
    Aimy Mastura, Z. Y., Othmaliza, O., Khairunisa, A. A., Norshamsiah, M. D.
    Medicine & Health, 2017;12(2):341-347.
    MyJurnal
    Plasmasitoma ekstramedulari adalah komplikasi myeloma berbilang yang sangat
    jarang berlaku. Kami melaporkan kes seorang wanita berumur 56 tahun yang
    menghidap myeloma berbilang yang telah mengalami bengkak pada mata kiri. Ia
    menyebabkan bola mata beliau tersembul, luka pada kornea dan juga kemerosotan
    penglihatan. Biopsi tisu menunjukkan perebakan plasma sel neoplastik yang positif
    kepada CD138 dan rantai ringan Kappa yang menepati ciri-ciri plasmasitoma.
    Setelah melalui rawatan radio-kemoterapi, pembengkakan mata susut dengan
    ketara sekali namun kemerosotan penglihatan beliau tidak berubah.
    Matched MeSH terms: Plasma
  6. Plasma/serum proteomics: depletion strategies for reducing high-abundance proteins for biomarker discovery
    Lee PY, Osman J, Low TY, Jamal R
    Bioanalysis, 2019 Oct;11(19):1799-1812.
    PMID: 31617391 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2019-0145
    Plasma and serum are widely used for proteomics-based biomarker discovery. However, analysis of these biofluids is highly challenging due to the complexity and wide dynamic range of their proteomes. Notably, highly abundant proteins tend to obscure the detection of potential biomarkers that are usually of lower concentrations. Among the strategies to resolve this problem are: depletion of high-abundance proteins, enrichment of low abundant proteins of interest and prefractionation. In this review, we focus on current and emerging depletion techniques used to enhance the detection and identification of the less abundant proteins in plasma and serum. We discuss the applications and contributions of these methods to proteomics analysis of plasma and serum alongside their limitations and future perspectives.
    Matched MeSH terms: Plasma
  7. Blood plasma in food from islam and science perspectives
    Mohd izhar ariff mohd kashim, Nur asmadayana hasim, Rizafizahothaman, Mohammad zaini yahaya, Rozida khalid, Muhammad adibsamsudin, et al.
    Sains Malaysiana, 2017;46:1779-1787.
    Makanan dan minuman yang halal dan baik merupakan tuntutan dalam Islam. Pada zaman serba moden ini, timbul
    kebimbangan terhadap status halal plasma darah yang digunakan secara meluas terutamanya dalam industri makanan.
    Objektif penyelidikan ini ialah untuk mengkaji kegunaan, kebaikan dan keburukan plasma darah serta pandangan ulama
    mengenai isu ini. Kajian ini dijalankan dengan menggunakan ulasan kepustakaan secara deskriptif. Kajian mendapati
    bahawa plasma darah mempunyai kemampuan melarut dan pengemulsi yang tinggi, kelikatan yang rendah serta
    kemampuan untuk membentuk gel yang kuat. Selain itu, plasma darah boleh menambah baik tekstur dan menjadi pengikat
    dalam penghasilan produk makanan moden. Ia juga merupakan alternatif protein yang murah bagi pengganti lemak dalam
    penghasilan produk daging rendah lemak. Walau bagaimanapun, kajian mendapati plasma darah mengandungi pelbagai
    mikroorganisma dan hasilan metabolisme yang berkemungkinan merbahaya akibat daripada toksin dan protein darah.
    Kini, terdapat pelbagai kaedah pengesanan yang boleh dijalankan untuk mengesan plasma darah dalam makanan bagi
    menentukan status halal. Terdapat dua pandangan berkenaan hukum penggunaan plasma darah, pandangan pertama
    bersependapat, penggunaan plasma darah dalam produk makanan adalah harus jika telah berlaku proses istihalah
    yang sempurna. Manakala pandangan kedua, mengharamkan plasma darah kerana ia adalah proses tidak sempurna
    (istihalah fasidah). Oleh itu, penentuan hukum terhadap istihalah dalam penghasilan plasma darah mestilah menepati
    kehendak syariat Islam di samping memastikan hukum berkaitan isu ini tidak ketinggalan zaman.
    Matched MeSH terms: Plasma
  8. Emerging cold plasma treatment on rice grains: A mini review
    Ikmal Misnal MF, Redzuan N, Firdaus Zainal MN, Raja Ibrahim RK, Ahmad N, Agun L
    Chemosphere, 2021 Jul;274:129972.
    PMID: 33979941 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129972
    Future demand of rice is projected to increase with the increase of global population. However, the presence of bacteria, insects, and fungi has resulted in various changes in the physical and chemical characteristics of rice grain. To make it worse, the overuse of post-harvest chemicals (fungicide and pesticide) has caused possible risks to human health through either occupational or non-occupational exposure. For the last few years, cold plasma has been developed as an alternative non-thermal emerging technology for rice grains treatment due to its ability to inactivate or decontaminate pathogens without causing thermal damage and free of any harmful residues. Therefore, this review describes the operational mechanism of cold plasma treatment technology on rice grains, existing reactor system designs, and parameters influenced by the treatment technology (reactor design parameters and treatment process parameters). Possible advanced investigation on future reactor design modification as well as standard operating range of influenced parameters were suggested for improved efficiency and effectiveness of cold plasma treatment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Plasma Gases*
  9. Fulltext Time-resolved characteristics of deuteron-beam generated by plasma focus discharge
    Lim LK, Yap SL, Bradley DA
    PLoS One, 2018;13(1):e0188009.
    PMID: 29309425 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188009
    The plasma focus device discussed herein is a Z-pinch pulsed-plasma arrangement. In this, the plasma is heated and compressed into a cylindrical column, producing a typical density of > 1025 particles/m3 and a temperature of (1-3) × 107 oC. The plasma focus has been widely investigated as a radiation source, including as ion-beams, electron-beams and as a source of x-ray and neutron production, providing considerable scope for use in a variety of technological situations. Thus said, the nature of the radiation emission depends on the dynamics of the plasma pinch. In this study of the characteristics of deuteron-beam emission, in terms of energy, fluence and angular distribution were analyzed. The 2.7 kJ plasma focus discharge has been made to operate at a pressure of less than 1 mbar rather than at its more conventional operating pressure of a few mbar. Faraday cup were used to determine deuteron-beam energy and deuteron-beam fluence per shot while CR-39 solid-state nuclear track detectors were employed in studying the angular distribution of deuteron emission. Beam energy and deuteron-beam fluence per shot have been found to be pressure dependent. The largest value of average deuteron energy measured for present conditions was found to be (52 ± 7) keV, while the deuteron-beam fluence per shot was of the order of 1015 ions/m2 when operated at a pressure of 0.2 mbar. The deuteron-beam emission is in the forward direction and is observed to be highly anisotropic.
    Matched MeSH terms: Plasma Gases*
  10. Fulltext Inflammatory pseudotumour of skull base - diagnostic challenge and treatment outcome
    Kahairi A, Ahmad RL, Wan Ishlah L, Norra H
    Med J Malaysia, 2012 Oct;67(5):526-8.
    PMID: 23770873
    We report a case of an inflammatory pseudotumour (IP) involving the floor of the skull base, which demonstrated aggressive behavior both clinically and radiologically. In this case, the diagnosis was established by clinical presentation, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), histopathological examination (HPE) and the dramatic response towards high dose steroid therapy. The clinical features improved with oral cyclophosphamide in combination with oral steroid, which were given for a period of three months.
    Matched MeSH terms: Granuloma, Plasma Cell*
  11. Bilateral plasma cell granuloma (inflammatory pseudotumour) of the breast
    Yip CH, Wong KT, Samuel D
    Aust N Z J Surg, 1997 May;67(5):300-2.
    PMID: 9152166
    Plasma cell granuloma of the breast is an extremely rare condition. Only one other case has been reported in the literature. We report here the second case of plasma cell granuloma of the breast. After the initial excision, the lesion recurred in both breasts after 5 months.
    Matched MeSH terms: Granuloma, Plasma Cell/pathology*
  12. Fulltext Intra-articular hyaluronic acid (HA) and platelet rich plasma (PRP) injection versus hyaluronic acid (HA) injection alone in patients with grade III and IV knee osteoarthritis (OA): a retrospective study on functional outcome
    Saturveithan C, Premganesh G, Fakhrizzaki S, Mahathir M, Karuna K, Rauf K, et al.
    Malays Orthop J, 2016 Jul;10(2):35-40.
    PMID: 28435559 MyJurnal DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1607.007
    Introduction: Intra-articular hyaluronic acid (HA) is widely utilized in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis whereas platelet rich plasma (PRP) enhances the regeneration of articular cartilage. This study analyses the efficacy of HA and PRP in grade III and IV knee osteoarthritis. Methodology: This is a cross sectional study with retrospective review of 64 patients (101 knees) which includes 56 knees injected with HA+ PRP, and 45 knees with HA only. Results: During the post six months International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) evaluation, HA+PRP group showed marked improvement of 24.33 compared to 12.15 in HA group. Decrement in visual analogue score (VAS) in HA+PRP was 1.9 compared to 0.8 in HA group. Conclusion: We propose intra-articular HA and PRP injections as an optional treatment modality in Grade III and IV knee osteoarthritis in terms of functional outcome and pain control for up to six months when arthroplasty is not an option.
    Study site: Melaka General Hospital, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Platelet-Rich Plasma*
  13. Determinants of the choice of provisionally registered pharmacist (PRP) training in Malaysia: a qualitative insight
    Ooi GS, Ong SC, Kwan SM
    Int J Pharm Pract, 2021 Oct 18;29(5):515-520.
    PMID: 34302464 DOI: 10.1093/ijpp/riab045
    OBJECTIVE: In Malaysia, due to provisional registered pharmacist (PRP) training places in government hospitals being oversubscribed, pharmacy graduates wait for about a year before starting their training. Therefore, a policy was implemented to allow pharmacy graduates to select their preferred areas of PRP training. This study was conducted to explore the perception and preferences of final year pharmacy students on the current PRP training system.

    METHODS: This qualitative interview study was conducted among final year pharmacy students. Participants were recruited using convenience sampling until data saturation (i.e., when additional interviews didn't lead to any new themes). All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and evaluated by thematic analysis.

    KEY FINDINGS: Twenty-two final year pharmacy students were interviewed. Fifteen of them preferred the government sector as their choice training, three chose the community sector, two preferred private hospitals and another two preferred the pharmaceutical industry. The majority of the students gave positive feedback towards the liberalization of PRP training sites. Most of them chose clinical pharmacy as their preferred training site despite knowing of the saturation issue in government hospitals. This was mainly due to the opportunity to gain clinical experience and knowledge from the government sector. A small number of students preferred the pharmaceutical industry based on their personal interests and opportunities for career advancement.

    CONCLUSION: Pharmacy students generally chose their PRP training site based on personal interest, future career advancement and working environment. A better understanding of career pathways and opportunities in the pharmaceutical industry by the students is required.

    Matched MeSH terms: Platelet-Rich Plasma*
  14. Survival Benefits of Therapeutic Plasma Exchange in Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
    Lee OPE, Kanesan N, Leow EH, Sultana R, Chor YK, Gan CS, et al.
    J Intensive Care Med, 2023 Jul;38(7):598-611.
    PMID: 37097910 DOI: 10.1177/08850666231170775
    OBJECTIVES: To summarize the role of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) in critically ill adults and children with severe sepsis.

    DATA COLLECTION: A systematic search was performed using the following databases: Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochrane from January 1990 till December 2022. Comparative studies of TPE in severe sepsis were selected. Adult and pediatric data were analyzed separately.

    DATA SYNTHESIS: Eight randomized control trials and 6 observational studies (n = 50,142 patients) were included. Centrifugal TPE was the most common modality (209/280, 74.6% adults and 952/1026, 92.7% children). Every TPE study utilized different volume exchanges. Most TPE sessions (1173/1306, 89.8%) employed fresh frozen plasma (FFP) as replacement fluid and heparin as anticoagulant. Adults with severe sepsis supported with TPE using FFP had lower mortality (risk ratio, RR: 0.64 [95% confidence interval, CI: 0.49, 0.84]) compared to those who did not. In contrast, TPE was associated with increased mortality in septic children without thrombocytopenia-associated multiorgan failure (RR: 2.23, 95% CI: 1.93, 2.57). There was no difference in outcomes in patients supported with centrifugal and membrane TPE. In both populations, patients supported on TPE as a continuous regime had poorer outcome.

    CONCLUSION: Current evidence indicates that TPE is a potential adjunct therapy in adults with severe sepsis but not in children.

    Matched MeSH terms: Plasma; Plasma Exchange
  15. Fulltext IgG4-related disease: an atypical presentation of steroid-responsive renal mass
    Ng SH, Tay JS, Lai EL
    BMJ Case Rep, 2021 May 24;14(5).
    PMID: 34031075 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-240611
    IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a systemic fibroinflammatory disease characterised by dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltration rich in IgG4-positive plasma cells, storiform fibrosis and obliterative phlebitis. Serum IgG4 levels are typically elevated but half of the patients had normal serum IgG4 levels. IgG4-RD represents a spectrum of diseases that involve various organs such as the pancreas, liver, kidneys, and salivary glands often manifesting as diffuse organ enlargement or a mass-like lesion mimicking cancer. An increased incidence of malignancy among patients with IgG4-RD has been reported. Thus, differentiating malignancy from IgG4-RD manifestation is important as the treatment differs. Glucocorticoids are considered first-line therapy and should be started early to prevent fibrosis. Patients usually have an excellent clinical response to steroids, and poor steroid response is indicative of an alternative diagnoses such as malignancy. This case report describes a case of IgG4-RD with renal mass in a young man that resolved with glucocorticoid therapy alone.
    Matched MeSH terms: Plasma Cells/pathology
  16. 18F-FDG PET Uptake in the Scalp After Platelet-Rich Plasma Therapy
    Usmani S, Al-Turkait D, Al-Kandari F, Ahmed N
    Clin Nucl Med, 2022 Jan 01;47(1):e43-e44.
    PMID: 34034312 DOI: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000003707
    18F-FDG PET/CT has been found useful for the detection of the source of infection/inflammation in the body. Platelet-rich plasma is a new treatment modality in which plasma is injected subdermally or intradermally for potential hair regrowth into the scalp. We report a case of 43-year-old woman with right breast cancer who underwent surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy 2 years ago and is currently on hormonal therapy. 18F-FDG PET/CT demonstrate incidental findings of increased FDG avidity in the scalp after platelet-rich plasma therapy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Platelet-Rich Plasma*
  17. Fulltext Merging worlds of nanomaterials and biological environment: factors governing protein corona formation on nanoparticles and its biological consequences
    Foroozandeh P, Aziz AA
    Nanoscale Res Lett, 2015;10:221.
    PMID: 25995715 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-015-0922-3
    Protein corona has became a prevalent subject in the field of nanomedicine owing to its diverse role in determining the efficiency, efficacy, and the ultimate biological fate of the nanomaterials used as a tool to treat and diagnose various diseases. For instance, protein corona formation on the surface of nanoparticles can modify its physicochemical properties and interfere with its intended functionalities in the biological microenvironments. As such, much emphasis should be placed in understanding these complex phenomena that occur at the bio-nano interface. The main aim of this review is to present different factors that are influencing protein-nanoparticle interaction such as physicochemical properties of nanoparticle (i.e., size and size distribution, shape, composition, surface chemistry, and coatings) and the effect of biological microenvironments. Apart from that, the effect of ignored factors at the bio-nano interface such as temperature, plasma concentration, plasma gradient effect, administration route, and cell observer were also addressed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Plasma
  18. Studies of Beauty Suppression via Nonprompt D^{0} Mesons in Pb-Pb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02  TeV
    Sirunyan AM, Tumasyan A, Adam W, Ambrogi F, Asilar E, Bergauer T, et al.
    Phys Rev Lett, 2019 Jul 12;123(2):022001.
    PMID: 31386524 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.022001
    The transverse momentum spectra of D^{0} mesons from b hadron decays are measured at midrapidity (|y|<1) in pp and Pb-Pb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center of mass energy of 5.02 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC. The D^{0} mesons from b hadron decays are distinguished from prompt D^{0} mesons by their decay topologies. In Pb-Pb collisions, the B→D^{0} yield is found to be suppressed in the measured p_{T} range from 2 to 100  GeV/c as compared to pp collisions. The suppression is weaker than that of prompt D^{0} mesons and charged hadrons for p_{T} around 10  GeV/c. While theoretical calculations incorporating partonic energy loss in the quark-gluon plasma can successfully describe the measured B→D^{0} suppression at higher p_{T}, the data show an indication of larger suppression than the model predictions in the range of 2
    Matched MeSH terms: Plasma
  19. Fulltext Knowledge and preventive behaviour among pregnant women with latent toxoplasmosis in Malaysia
    Ahmad N., Osman, E., Abdul Ghani, N.A., Leong, W.Y., Arzaee, M.Z., Seow, Y.Y., et al.
    Medicine & Health, 2020;15(2):108-123.
    MyJurnal
    Toksoplasmosis pendam dapat menyebabkan pelbagai gangguan hormon dan tingkah laku dalam hos terjangkit. Kami berhasrat untuk mengkaji sero-prevalens Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) pendam serta hubungan antara jangkitan dengan pengetahuan dan tingkah laku dalam kalangan 400 ibu hamil. Sampel plasma diuji untuk kehadiran antibodi IgG T. gondii dan soal selidik berstruktur digunakan untuk merekodkan ciri-ciri sosio-demografi responden, maklumat umum dan pengetahuan mengenai faktor risiko, gejala, masa jangkitan, pengetahuan pencegahan serta tingkah laku pencegahan toksoplasmosis. Sero-prevalensi toksoplasmosis pendam dalam wanita hamil adalah 31.8%. Kajian menunjukkan, 69.5% daripada mereka mempunyai kurang pengetahuan mengenai toksoplasmosis. Walau bagaimanapun, majoritinya (99.8%) mengamalkan tingkah laku pencegahan. Analisis regresi logistik berganda menunjukkan wanita hamil dengan tahap pendidikan rendah mempunyai hampir dua kali lebih risiko (nisbah ods terlaras: 1.91, 95% SK 1.18, 3.10; p = 0.008) untuk T. gondii IgG seropositif. Wanita hamil yang mempunyai sejarah perubatan lalu mempunyai dua kali lebih kemungkinan (nisbah ods terlaras: 2.32, 95% SK 1.32, 4.06; p = 0.003) untuk T. gondii IgG seropositif. Selain itu, wanita yang tidak pasti mengenai mod penyebaran penyakit melalui pemindahan darah mempunyai empat kali lebih ods (nisbah ods terlaras: 3.93, 95% SK 1.54, 10.01; p = 0.004) untuk sero-prevalens kronik toksoplasmosis. Wanita yang tidak pasti mengenai keperluan menghindari kucing liar mempunyai nisbah ods terlaras: 0.42 (95% SK 0.24, 0.71, p = 0.001) untuk sero-prevalens kronik toksoplasmosis. Penterjemahan pengetahuan tentang toksoplasmosis kepada amalan tingkah laku pencegahan melalui program pendidikan kesihatan adalah penting untuk mengurangkan risiko penularan penyakit ini dalam kalangan wanita hamil.
    Matched MeSH terms: Plasma; Toxoplasma
  20. Piezoresistive Effect in Plasma-Doping of Graphene Sheet for High-Performance Flexible Pressure Sensing Application
    Haniff MASM, Hafiz SM, Huang NM, Rahman SA, Wahid KAA, Syono MI, et al.
    ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2017 May 03;9(17):15192-15201.
    PMID: 28418234 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b02833
    This paper presents a straightforward plasma treatment modification of graphene with an enhanced piezoresistive effect for the realization of a high-performance pressure sensor. The changes in the graphene in terms of its morphology, structure, chemical composition, and electrical properties after the NH3/Ar plasma treatment were investigated in detail. Through a sufficient plasma treatment condition, our studies demonstrated that plasma-treated graphene sheet exhibits a significant increase in sensitivity by one order of magnitude compared to that of the unmodified graphene sheet. The plasma-doping introduced nitrogen (N) atoms inside the graphene structure and was found to play a significant role in enhancing the pressure sensing performance due to the tunneling behavior from the localized defects. The high sensitivity and good robustness demonstrated by the plasma-treated graphene sensor suggest a promising route for simple, low-cost, and ultrahigh resolution flexible sensors.
    Matched MeSH terms: Plasma
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