Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 1004 in total

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  1. Haar wavelet method for constrained nonlinear optimal control problems with application to production inventory model
    Waleeda Swaidan, Amran Hussin
    Sains Malaysiana, 2016;45:305-313.
    A new numerical method was proposed in this paper to address the nonlinear quadratic optimal control problems, with state and control inequality constraints. This method used the quasilinearization technique and Haar wavelet operational matrix to convert the nonlinear optimal control problem into a sequence of quadratic programming problems. The inequality constraints for trajectory variables were transformed into quadratic programming constraints using the Haar wavelet collocation method. The proposed method was applied to optimize the control of the multi-item inventory model with linear demand rates. By enhancing the resolution of the Haar wavelet, we can improve the accuracy of the states, controls and cost. Simulation results were also compared with other researchers' work.
    Matched MeSH terms: Socioeconomic Factors
  2. Bounds on the action degree of groups
    S. Alrehaili, C. Beddani
    MATEMATIKA, 2019;35(2):271-282.
    MyJurnal
    The commutativity degree is the probability that a pair of elements chosen randomly from a group commute. The concept of commutativity degree has been widely discussed by several authors in many directions. One of the important generalizations of commutativity degree is the probability that a random element from a finite group G fixes a random element from a non-empty set S that we call the action degree of groups. In this research, the concept of action degree is further studied where some inequalities and bounds on the action degree of finite groups are determined. Moreover, a general relation between the action degree of a finite group G and a subgroup H is provided. Next, the action degree for the direct product of two finite groups is determined. Previously, the action degree was only de?ned for ?nite groups, the action degree for ?nitely generated groups will be de?ned in this research and some bounds on them are going to be determined.
    Matched MeSH terms: Socioeconomic Factors
  3. Fulltext Economic costs of gender inequality in health and the labor market: India's untapped potential
    Khan A, Khan S, Khan MA, Zaman K, Khan HUR, Rosman ASB, et al.
    Front Public Health, 2023;11:1067940.
    PMID: 36794076 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1067940
    Matched MeSH terms: Socioeconomic Factors
  4. The Kuznets process in Malaysia
    Randolph S
    J Dev Areas, 1990 Oct;25(1):15-31.
    PMID: 12290855
    Matched MeSH terms: Socioeconomic Factors*
  5. Mystic practices and their effects on modern society
    Danaraj AG
    Nurs J Singapore, 1977 Nov;17(2):51-3, 57.
    PMID: 247345
    Matched MeSH terms: Socioeconomic Factors*
  6. Nutrition and socio-economic development in Southeast Asia
    Florentino RF, Pedro RA
    Proc Nutr Soc, 1992 May;51(1):93-104.
    PMID: 1508934
    While most Third World countries, particularly in Africa and Latin America, have experienced a deterioration in child welfare as a result of the severe economic downturn in the 1980s, Southeast Asia in general managed to sustain improvements in the situation of its children because it has maintained satisfactory rates of economic growth. However, there were exceptions within Southeast Asia. The Philippines, Vietnam, Dem. Kampuchea and Laos had unsatisfactory growth rates and, consequently, unsustained nutritional gains from the 1970s through the 1980s. Economic factors exerted a big impact on the Philippine nutrition situation, particularly on the dietary status of the households and the nutritional status of children. As a result of the economic dislocation occurring in the country, the nutritional gains of 1978-82 were not maintained in succeeding years. Unlike the case of Thailand, it has been estimated that the solution to nutritional problems in the Philippines is far from being achieved in the immediate future (Villavieja et al. 1989). On the other hand, the nutrition improvements in Thailand have been as remarkable as the economic growth over the last decade. Long-term investments in health, nutrition and other social services in Thailand (as well as in Indonesia) have paid off according to the assessment by the United Nations (1990). It appears, therefore, that the nutrition situation in developing countries is highly dependent on the economic situation, globally and nationally (Cornia et al. 1987), as well as on investment in social services. Adjustment policies should, therefore, consider their implications on distribution and poverty in order that they could positively contribute to the improvement of the nutrition of the people.
    Matched MeSH terms: Socioeconomic Factors*
  7. Catching up with wonderful women: The women-are-wonderful effect is smaller in more gender egalitarian societies
    Krys K, Capaldi CA, van Tilburg W, Lipp OV, Bond MH, Vauclair CM, et al.
    Int J Psychol, 2018 Oct;53 Suppl 1:21-26.
    PMID: 28295294 DOI: 10.1002/ijop.12420
    Inequalities between men and women are common and well-documented. Objective indexes show that men are better positioned than women in societal hierarchies-there is no single country in the world without a gender gap. In contrast, researchers have found that the women-are-wonderful effect-that women are evaluated more positively than men overall-is also common. Cross-cultural studies on gender equality reveal that the more gender egalitarian the society is, the less prevalent explicit gender stereotypes are. Yet, because self-reported gender stereotypes may differ from implicit attitudes towards each gender, we reanalysed data collected across 44 cultures, and (a) confirmed that societal gender egalitarianism reduces the women-are-wonderful effect when it is measured more implicitly (i.e. rating the personality of men and women presented in images) and (b) documented that the social perception of men benefits more from gender egalitarianism than that of women.
    Matched MeSH terms: Socioeconomic Factors*
  8. Fulltext The short- and long-run effect of human capital on income inequality: Empirical evidence in the ASEAN region
    Vo DH, Vo AT, Ho CM
    PLoS One, 2024;19(7):e0304678.
    PMID: 39083555 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304678
    Human capital is a nation's primary source of inner strength to achieve sustainable economic growth and development. Meanwhile, income inequality is a critical issue preventing sustainable economic growth and social transformation, especially in developing countries. This paper investigates the effect of human capital on income inequality in both the short and long term using the mean group, pooled mean group, and threshold regressions for the ASEAN-7 (including Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam) from 1992 to 2018. The paper develops a theoretical linkage between human capital and income inequality by combining the learning theory and the Kuznets hypothesis. This linkage is then tested using data from the ASEAN countries. Findings from the paper indicate that human capital reduces income inequality in the short run in the ASEAN countries. However, the effect is reverted in the long run, suggesting that human capital may increase the income gap in these countries. Particularly, the inverted U-shaped relationship between human capital and income inequality is established for the ASEAN countries whose GDP per capita is lower than USD 8.2 thousand per year. In contrast, the U-shaped relationship is found for the countries with income per capital of more than USD 8.2 thousand. All these findings suggest that social policies targeting reducing income inequality should be prioritized and stay at the centre of any economic policies to achieve sustainable economic growth and development in the ASEAN countries.
    Matched MeSH terms: Socioeconomic Factors*
  9. Fulltext Evaluating the relative environmental impact of countries
    Bradshaw CJ, Giam X, Sodhi NS
    PLoS One, 2010;5(5):e10440.
    PMID: 20454670 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010440
    Environmental protection is critical to maintain ecosystem services essential for human well-being. It is important to be able to rank countries by their environmental impact so that poor performers as well as policy 'models' can be identified. We provide novel metrics of country-specific environmental impact ranks - one proportional to total resource availability per country and an absolute (total) measure of impact - that explicitly avoid incorporating confounding human health or economic indicators. Our rankings are based on natural forest loss, habitat conversion, marine captures, fertilizer use, water pollution, carbon emissions and species threat, although many other variables were excluded due to a lack of country-specific data. Of 228 countries considered, 179 (proportional) and 171 (absolute) had sufficient data for correlations. The proportional index ranked Singapore, Korea, Qatar, Kuwait, Japan, Thailand, Bahrain, Malaysia, Philippines and Netherlands as having the highest proportional environmental impact, whereas Brazil, USA, China, Indonesia, Japan, Mexico, India, Russia, Australia and Peru had the highest absolute impact (i.e., total resource use, emissions and species threatened). Proportional and absolute environmental impact ranks were correlated, with mainly Asian countries having both high proportional and absolute impact. Despite weak concordance among the drivers of environmental impact, countries often perform poorly for different reasons. We found no evidence to support the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis of a non-linear relationship between impact and per capita wealth, although there was a weak reduction in environmental impact as per capita wealth increases. Using structural equation models to account for cross-correlation, we found that increasing wealth was the most important driver of environmental impact. Our results show that the global community not only has to encourage better environmental performance in less-developed countries, especially those in Asia, there is also a requirement to focus on the development of environmentally friendly practices in wealthier countries.
    Matched MeSH terms: Socioeconomic Factors
  10. Fulltext Parents' Health Beliefs Influence Breastfeeding Patterns among Iranian Women
    Parsa P, Masoumi Z, Parsa N, Parsa B
    Oman Med J, 2015 May;30(3):187-92.
    PMID: 26171125 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2015.40
    To determine factors related to breastfeeding and its perceived health benefits among Iranian mothers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Socioeconomic Factors
  11. Fulltext A menstrual anomaly: calendar cycling in a Malay population
    Dobbins JG
    Med J Malaysia, 1982 Sep;37(3):253-6.
    PMID: 7177008
    Women in an urban, Malay population reported menstrual period lengths that tended to coincide with the lengths of the calendar months in which the periods began. This pattern may be related to the calendar-month pay periods for the population.
    Matched MeSH terms: Socioeconomic Factors
  12. Recent urbanization trends in Peninsular Malaysia
    Hirschman C
    Demography, 1976 Nov;13(4):445-61.
    PMID: 992169
    The pace of urbanization in Peninsular Malaysia was slower in the most recent intercensal interval, 1957 to 1970, than in the previous period, 1947 to 1957. Most of the small change in the rural-urban balance from 1957 to 1970 appears due to the growth of towns into the urban classification rather than to a redistribution of population into the previous urban settlements. A number of towns in Peninsular Malaysia do show exceptional growth from 1957 to 1970, but there seems to be no clear relationship between a city's size and its subsequent growth. The rural areas on the outskirts of the largest cities do show rapid growth, especially the periphery of the capital city. It appears that neither the classic model of urbanization based upon Western experience nor the over-urbanization thesis explain the urbanization process in Peninsular Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Socioeconomic Factors
  13. Fulltext Harmful algal blooms and coastal communities: Socioeconomic impacts and actions taken to cope with the 2015 U.S. West Coast domoic acid event
    Moore SK, Dreyer SJ, Ekstrom JA, Moore K, Norman K, Klinger T, et al.
    Harmful Algae, 2020 06;96:101799.
    PMID: 32560834 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2020.101799
    The 2015 U.S. West Coast domoic acid event was caused by a massive harmful algal bloom (HAB) that consisted mostly of the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia australis. It was unprecedented in its toxicity and geographic extent and resulted in extended and widespread closures of the lucrative commercial Dungeness crab and popular recreational razor clam fisheries. The fishery closures led to federal fisheries disaster declarations and generated an economic shock for coastal communities that depend on access to these marine resources. This study reports on the socioeconomic impacts of the 2015 HAB across 16 fishing communities on the U.S. West Coast using primary survey data. The survey instrument, deployed in the summer of 2017, collected information on sociodemographic and economic factors hypothesized to confer resilience or vulnerability to HABs, data quantifying individual impacts, and the coping and adaptive actions taken by individuals to deal with the event. The vast majority of survey participants (84%) were negatively impacted by the 2015 HAB, but individuals employed in fishing-related occupations experienced greater financial, emotional, and sociocultural impacts than those employed in other sectors. Further, those employed in fishing-related occupations were less likely to recover financial losses suffered as a result of the event. This study identifies the pathways through which HABs affect fishery-dependent and fishery-associated sectors of U.S. West Coast communities. The understanding gained can help inform efforts to prepare for future HABs, mitigate their socioeconomic impacts, and aid recovery.
    Matched MeSH terms: Socioeconomic Factors
  14. Fulltext Adakah pantang larang pemakanan di kalangan orang asli mempengaruhi tahap kesihatan ibu dan anak : pengalaman daerah Kuala Lipis
    Rahimi, H., Fatimah, A.M., Rahimah, I., Sarah, Y., Marlia, M.S.
    Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2003;3(1):73-77.
    MyJurnal
    Aspek pantang larang dalam pemakanan dan perkhidmatan bomoh merupakan entiti unik dalam budaya masyarakat Orang Asli. Satu kajian irisan lintang di kalangan masyara/cat Orang Asli pinggiran (di Pos Betau) dan pedalaman (Pos Sinderut) Kuala Lipis telah dijalankan pada 25hb September hingga 6 Oktober 1999 bagi mengetahui pola pemakanan dan amalan pantang larang dalam aspek pemakanan yang mempengaruhi tahap pemakanan seseorang. Seramai 255 orang responden telah ditemuduga oleh kakitangan terlatih menggunakan borang soal selidik berpandu dimana 15 orang dari kawasan pinggiran dan 104 orang dari pedalaman. Hasil kajian menuruukkan Orang Asli pinggiran lebih kerap mengombil makanan dalam sehari (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Socioeconomic Factors
  15. Fulltext Heuristics and metaheuristics approaches for Facility Layout Problems: a survey
    Nurul Nadia Nordin, Lee, Lai Soon
    The Pertanika Journal of Scholarly Research Reviews, 2016;2(3):62-76.
    MyJurnal
    Facility Layout Problem (FLP) is a NP-hard problem concerned with the arrangement of facilities as to minimize the distance travelled between all pairs of facilities. Many exact and approximate approaches have been proposed with an extensive applicability to deal with this problem. This paper studies the fundamentals of some well-known heuristics and metaheuristics used in solving the FLPs. It is hoped that this paper will trigger researchers for in-depth studies in FLPs looking into more specific interest such as equal or unequal FLPs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Socioeconomic Factors
  16. Fulltext A review of critical pertussis in PICU UMMC from 2010-2015
    Chuah, Soo Lin, Aun, Yiyang, Len, En Yean, Kow, Yun Shi, Chen, Chin Chern, Gan, Chin Seng
    Malaysian Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2016;22(101):0-0.
    MyJurnal
    Since 1994 to 2009, ascribed by the good coverage of immunization, the incidence of pertussis has been less than 1 in 100,000 populations [1]. Nevertheless, the incidence and prevalence increased tremendously for the past 2 years, i.e. 2014 and 2015.(Copied from article)
    Matched MeSH terms: Socioeconomic Factors
  17. Malaysian household income distribution: a fractal point of view
    Fatimah Abdul Razak, Faridatulazna Ahmad Shahabuddin
    Sains Malaysiana, 2018;47:2187-2194.
    Malaysian Household Income Survey data provided by the Malaysian Department of Statistics is used to provide evidence
    that the upper tails of the household income distribution follows a fractal based distribution known as power-law.
    Inequality measures are then applied to ascertain the levels of inequality based on this distribution. In addition to that,
    we analyzed the data in terms of different classes of occupation, obtained power-law exponents for each class and then
    highlighted the inequality between these classes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Socioeconomic Factors
  18. Seasonality of births: stability and change in a developing country
    Holland B
    Hum Biol, 1989 Aug;61(4):591-8.
    PMID: 2591915
    A marked seasonality of births for the two main ethnic groups of peninsular Malaysia, far exceeding the cyclic fluctuations in births in the United States and Canada, was reported for the 1960s. A 36% excess of births over the average monthly number was observed among Malays each January. Among the ethnic Chinese in Malaysia a regular periodicity in the numbers of births was also found, but it was far less marked and the peak occurred in October or November. The peaks in both groups were due in large measure to conceptions that correlate with religious observances or holidays. Here I report on cyclic birth patterns in peninsular Malaysia for the period 1970-1985. Rapid economic development has occurred during this time and has brought with it demographic changes, such as a massive rise in contraceptive use and a decline in birth rates. These demographic changes have been accompanied by the loss of the pronounced seasonal pattern of births among the Malays. The seasonality of Malay births is now of roughly the same magnitude as the seasonality in the United States and Canada, whereas seasonality of births among the Chinese in Malaysia remains essentially unchanged.
    Matched MeSH terms: Socioeconomic Factors
  19. Fulltext Identifying the necessary capacities for the adaptation of a diabetes phenotyping algorithm in countries of differing economic development status
    Jackson-Morris A, Sembajwe R, Mustapha FI, Chandran A, Niyonsenga SP, Gishoma C, et al.
    Glob Health Action, 2023 Dec 31;16(1):2157542.
    PMID: 36692486 DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2022.2157542
    BACKGROUND: In 2019, the World Health Organization recognised diabetes as a clinically and pathophysiologically heterogeneous set of related diseases. Little is currently known about the diabetes phenotypes in the population of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), yet identifying their different risks and aetiology has great potential to guide the development of more effective, tailored prevention and treatment.

    OBJECTIVES: This study reviewed the scope of diabetes datasets, health information ecosystems, and human resource capacity in four countries to assess whether a diabetes phenotyping algorithm (developed under a companion study) could be successfully applied.

    METHODS: The capacity assessment was undertaken with four countries: Trinidad, Malaysia, Kenya, and Rwanda. Diabetes programme staff completed a checklist of available diabetes data variables and then participated in semi-structured interviews about Health Information System (HIS) ecosystem conditions, diabetes programme context, and human resource needs. Descriptive analysis was undertaken.

    RESULTS: Only Malaysia collected the full set of the required diabetes data for the diabetes algorithm, although all countries did collect the required diabetes complication data. An HIS ecosystem existed in all settings, with variations in data hosting and sharing. All countries had access to HIS or ICT support, and epidemiologists or biostatisticians to support dataset preparation and algorithm application.

    CONCLUSIONS: Malaysia was found to be most ready to apply the phenotyping algorithm. A fundamental impediment in the other settings was the absence of several core diabetes data variables. Additionally, if countries digitise diabetes data collection and centralise diabetes data hosting, this will simplify dataset preparation for algorithm application. These issues reflect common LMIC health systems' weaknesses in relation to diabetes care, and specifically highlight the importance of investment in improving diabetes data, which can guide population-tailored prevention and management approaches.

    Matched MeSH terms: Socioeconomic Factors
  20. Assessing urban flooding risk in response to climate change and urbanization based on shared socio-economic pathways
    Wang M, Fu X, Zhang D, Chen F, Liu M, Zhou S, et al.
    Sci Total Environ, 2023 Jul 01;880:163470.
    PMID: 37076008 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163470
    Global climate change and rapid urbanization, mainly driven by anthropogenic activities, lead to urban flood vulnerability and uncertainty in sustainable stormwater management. This study projected the temporal and spatial variation in urban flood susceptibility during the period 2020-2050 on the basis of shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs). A case study in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) was conducted for verifying the feasibility and applicability of this approach. GBA is predicted to encounter the increase in extreme precipitation with high intensity and frequency, along with rapid expansion of constructed areas, resulting in exacerbating of urban flood susceptibility. The areas with medium and high flood susceptibility will be expected to increase continuously from 2020 to 2050, by 9.5 %, 12.0 %, and 14.4 % under SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, and SSP5-8.5 scenarios, respectively. In terms of the assessment of spatial-temporal flooding pattern, the areas with high flood susceptibility are overlapped with that in the populated urban center in GBA, surrounding the existing risk areas, which is consistent with the tendency of construction land expansion. The approach in the present study will provide comprehensive insights into the reliable and accurate assessment of urban flooding susceptibility in response to climate change and urbanization.
    Matched MeSH terms: Socioeconomic Factors
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