METHODS: A total of 50 healthy female volunteers with regular menstrual cycle were selected after prior consent, and among them based on the body mass index, 32 females were categorized into obese group based on the BMI. Menstrual cycle history was monitored for 3 months for confirming regularity. Serum Progesterone and Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) were recorded.
RESULTS: Progesterone levels were very highly significant in the luteal phase when compared to early follicular and ovulatory phase. The PEFR value in luteal phase was higher when compared to early follicular and ovulatory phase which was statistically highly significant. Positive correlation between progesterone and PEFR was observed in the luteal phase, but it was not statistically significant. Positive correlation between BMI and PEFR was also observed.
CONCLUSION: The study reveals significant hormonal and respiratory changes throughout the menstrual cycle. Progesterone levels and PEFR are markedly higher in the luteal phase, while BMI positively correlates with PEFR. A significant negative correlation exists between Waist Hip ratio (WHR) in the luteal phase. Further studies are needed to explore the underlying mechanisms driving the correlations between progesterone, respiratory parameters, BMI, and WHR in more diverse population.
Methods: Fasting blood samples were collected from 35 DMT2 or DMT2HTN patients each to analyze differences in serum and plasma levels of IMA, hs-CRP, FIB, total cholesterol (TC), high and low density lipoproteins (HDL and LDL), triglyceride (TG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C), glycated hemoglobin and creatinine.
Results: In DMT2 and DMT2HTN patients, IMA, hs-CRP, FIB, TC, TG, HDL, LDL, glycated hemoglobin and creatinine levels, including body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), were significantly higher relative to healthy controls. In addition, the levels of IMA, hs-CRP and FIB levels showed a strong link to BMI, WHR, TC, TG, LDL and glycated hemoglobin. Lastly, both DMT2 and DMT2HTN patients demonstrated a significant reduction in HDL.
Conclusion: DMT2 and DMT2HTN patients have a greater risk of developing cardiovascular related complications. This study suggests that quantifying hs-CRP, IMA and FIB levels can help diagnose the risk of developing complications during the early stages of metabolic and cardiovascular disease. Overall, the specific risk factors may be used for early identification of cardiovascular complications to decrease mortality and morbidity in T2DM patients.
METHODS: This is a meta-analysis of seven prospective cohort studies participating in the CHANCES consortium including 18 668 men and 24 751 women with a mean age of 62 and 63 years, respectively. Harmonised individual participant data from all seven cohorts were analysed separately and alternatively for each anthropometric indicator using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models.
RESULTS: After a median follow-up period of 12 years, 1656 first-incident obesity-related cancers (defined as postmenopausal female breast, colorectum, lower oesophagus, cardia stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, endometrium, ovary, and kidney) had occurred in men and women. In the meta-analysis of all studies, associations between indicators of adiposity, per s.d. increment, and risk for all obesity-related cancers combined yielded the following summary hazard ratios: 1.11 (95% CI 1.02-1.21) for BMI, 1.13 (95% CI 1.04-1.23) for WC, 1.09 (95% CI 0.98-1.21) for HC, and 1.15 (95% CI 1.00-1.32) for WHR. Increases in risk for colorectal cancer were 16%, 21%, 15%, and 20%, respectively per s.d. of BMI, WC, HC, and WHR. Effect modification by hormone therapy (HT) use was observed for postmenopausal breast cancer (Pinteraction<0.001), where never HT users showed an ∼20% increased risk per s.d. of BMI, WC, and HC compared to ever users.
CONCLUSIONS: BMI, WC, HC, and WHR show comparable positive associations with obesity-related cancers combined and with colorectal cancer in older adults. For postmenopausal breast cancer we report evidence for effect modification by HT use.
METHODS: We used relevant key words to search electronic databases to identify studies published up to 2019 that used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for assessing the cut-off points of anthropometric indices. We used a random-effects model to pool study results and assessed between-study heterogeneity by using the I2 statistic and Cochran's Q test.
RESULTS: This meta-analysis included 38 cross-sectional and 2 cohort studies with 105 to 137,256 participants aged 18 or older. The pooled area under the ROC curve (AUC) value for BMI was 0.66 (95% CI, 0.63-0.69) in both men and women. The pooled AUC values for WC were 0.69 (95% CI, 0.67-0.70) in men and 0.69 (95% CI, 0.64-0.74) in women, and the pooled AUC values for WHR were 0.69 (95% CI, 0.66-0.73) in men and 0.71 (95% CI, 0.68-0.73) in women.
CONCLUSION: Our findings indicated a slight difference between AUC values of these anthropometric indices. However, indices of abdominal obesity, especially WHR, can better predict CVD occurrence.