Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 290 in total

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  1. Matched MeSH terms: Referral and Consultation
  2. Mohamed Zini SH, Nordin N
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence and the pattern of hypodontia among orthodontic patients in Klinik Pergigian Jalan Sultan Mahmud, Kuala Terengganu.
    Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study where 351 orthodontic patients records (comprises of 104 males and 247 females), were reviewed. The records were evaluated by a trained dental officer between October 2016 and June 2017. The Chi-square and Fisher's Exact Tests were carried out for statistical analysis.
    Results: The prevalence of hypodontia was 10.8%. Thirty-eight (38) patients were found to have at least a single missing tooth. A significant difference was found between males and females having hypodontia (p = 0.048). No significant difference was found for hypodontia patients by races (p = 0.829). The maxillary lateral incisor was the most frequently missing tooth followed by mandibular second premolar and mandibular lateral incisor. Hypodontia cases observed, tended to be more likely occurred in the upper left arch compared to the lower arch. The majority of hypodontia patients had a single missing tooth, but rarely more than 3 missing teeth. Hypodontia patients had mainly Class III malocclusion, however no statistically significant difference was found (p = 0.081).
    Conclusion(s): The prevalence of hypodontia of this study was within the range of what is being reported in the literature and showed gender significant. In this sample, hypodontia mainly involved maxillary lateral incisors; more prevalent in the upper arch; and mostly observed in patients with Class III malocclusion. Early detection and accurate diagnosis are essential. Therefore, alternative treatment modalities can be well planned under multidisciplinary team approach in restoring the aesthetic and function.
    KEYWORDS: referral letter
    Matched MeSH terms: Referral and Consultation*
  3. Ang KT, Ho BK, Mimi O, Salmah N, Salmiah MS, Noridah MS
    Malays Fam Physician, 2014;9(3):2-11.
    PMID: 26425299 MyJurnal
    Primary care providers play an important gatekeeping role in ensuring appropriate referrals to secondary care facilities. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the level, pattern and rate of referrals from health clinics to hospitals in the public sector, and whether the placement of resident family medicine specialist (FMS) had made a significant difference. The study was carried out between March and April in 2012, involving 28 public primary care clinics. It showed that the average referral rate was 1.56% for clinics with resident FMS and 1.94% for those without resident FMS, but it was not statistically significant. Majority of referred cases were considered appropriate (96.1%). Results of the multivariate analysis showed that no prior consultation with senior healthcare provider and illnesses that were not severe and complex were independently associated with inappropriate referrals. Severity, complexity or uncertain diagnosis of patients' illness or injury significantly contributed to unavoidable referrals. Adequate facilities or having more experienced doctors could have avoided 14.5% of the referrals. The low referral rate and very high level of appropriate referrals could indicate that primary care providers in the public sector played an effective role as gatekeepers in the Malaysian public healthcare system.
    Matched MeSH terms: Referral and Consultation*
  4. Omar, A.R.
    ASM Science Journal, 2011;5(1):71-72.
    MyJurnal
    The government’s science and technology (S&T) apparatus is now in active consultation to formulate the third national S&T policy (NSTP3) and I have been involved in some of these meetings and have benefitted from them. In an earlier article (New Straits Times, 9 July 2011, p. 18) I had briefly described the two previous policies and given some thought on what the essentials of the NSTP3 should be. I am now offering some further thoughts on the subject. (Copied from article).
    Matched MeSH terms: Referral and Consultation
  5. Adham M, Anam K, Reksodiputro L
    Med J Malaysia, 2022 01;77(1):53-59.
    PMID: 35086995
    INTRODUCTION: Treatment of head and neck cancer patients amidst the COVID-19 pandemic is challenging, whereas prolonged treatment initiation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma may increase mortality and likelihood of recurrence. Special attention is needed to ensure safe and appropriate care of these patients. This article aims to review and discuss existing research on treatment prioritization and risk stratification of head and neck cancer patients during the pandemic.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors conducted literature search in three databases (PubMed, Cochrane, and Clinical Key) on July 15th, 2020. The keywords were ("Head and Neck Mucosal Malignancy" OR "Head and Neck Cancer") AND ("Management" OR "Head and Neck Surgery") AND ("COVID-19" OR "Pandemic"). The inclusion criteria were cancer in adult patients, published from 2020 in English, and with available access to full text. The exclusion criteria were comments, letters, and case reports. The articles were critically appraised using the Centre of Evidence-based Medicine (CEBM), University of Oxford and Duke University. The literature search strategy is illustrated using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) flow diagram.

    RESULTS: A total of 150 articles were identified; 21 articles were gathered from Clinical Key, 33 from Cochrane, and 96 from Pubmed. After screening abstracts and reviewing the full text, the authors determined five articles met the inclusion criteria. There are several key points of head and neck cancer management in the COVID-19 pandemic. Head and neck cancer management is considered a high-risk procedure; the clinician should use proper personal protective equipment. Before operative treatment, all patients should undergo a PCR test 14 days before surgery. In diagnosing head and neck cancer, laryngoscopy should be considered carefully; and cytology should be preferred instead. Medically Necessary, Time-sensitive (MeNTS) score is recommended for risk stratification and surgery prioritization; it has three domains: procedure, disease, and patient. However, it is not specified to head and neck cancer; therefore, it should be combined with other references. Stanford University Head and Neck Surgery Division Department of Otolaryngology made surgery prioritization into three groups, urgent (should be operated immediately), can be postponed for 30 days, and can be postponed for 30- 90 days. Some urgent cases and should be operated on immediately include cancers involving the airways, decreased renal function, and metastases. For chemoradiation decision to delay or continue should refer to the goal of treatment, current oncologic status, and tolerance to radiation. In terms of patient's follow up, telephone consultation should be maximized.

    CONCLUSION: MeNTS scoring combined with Guideline from Department of Otolaryngology at Stanford University prioritizing criteria can be helpful in decision making of stratifying Risk and prioritizing surgery in head and neck cancer management.

    Matched MeSH terms: Referral and Consultation
  6. Shuzhen L, Hongyan G, Wei W, Ruiying W, Mulud ZA
    J Popul Ther Clin Pharmacol, 2022;29(4):e97-e106.
    PMID: 36441056 DOI: 10.47750/jptcp.2022.991
    The awareness and utilization of psychological therapies for Alzheimer's disease have increased significantly in recent years. Limitations on the utilization of pharmacological therapy for Alzheimer's disease in China have corresponded with this surge in greater studies in the field. For individuals who have Alzheimer's disease, cognitive stimulation therapy (CST) is a quick self-help that is founded on the theories of quality and cognitive functioning. People with Alzheimer's disease often participate in cognitive behavioral programs; however, their expense has never been studied. Being part of a meta-analysis, we analyze the application effectiveness of a CST program that is based on recent research for Alzheimer's disease patients. A CST group therapy was given to 91 Alzheimer's patients, who resided in healthcare settings or the general public, multiple times per week for 8 weeks; the other 70 people with Alzheimer's disease got a medical therapy. Costs were computed, and resource utilization was tracked for 8 weeks both before and after the therapy. It was determined by a value study. In the value study, cognition and quality of life were the major and tertiary outcomes, respectively. Contours of cost-effectiveness and acceptance were drawn. It was driven based on expert consultation and semistructured interviews. In Alzheimer's disease, CST improves intelligence and standard of living, and there was no difference in implementation expenditures between the categories. Regarding both outcome metrics, there is a significant chance that CST seems to be more expensive than conventional therapy within realistic expectations. The efficacy of CST for Alzheimer's patients is superior to conventional treatment, and it could be the greater value. The outcomes contrast well with pharmacological studies for Alzheimer's. Many people with Alzheimer's disease may benefit significantly from CST groups.
    Matched MeSH terms: Referral and Consultation
  7. Hariman H
    Bone Marrow Transplant, 2008 Aug;42 Suppl 1:S85-S88.
    PMID: 18724313 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2008.125
    Allogeneic BMT was performed in Indonesia, but had to be stopped prematurely because of the small number of patients. In the beginning, only patients with sufficient financial resources to travel to western countries could undergo transplant procedures. When neighbouring countries (Singapore and Malaysia) began performing transplant, patients were referred to those centres. In both countries, the procedure is more economical and therefore patients come from a broader range of economic classes. The Indonesian hematologist must deal with the post-transplantation side effects, such as GVHD, which are mostly of the chronic type of GVHD. The types of the post-transplant complications do not differ too much from other centres and need the same treatment used in the transplant centres. Hematologists in Indonesia also treat complications of HSCT performed in other countries. When there is no recovery of HSCT development in Indonesia so far, many commercially oriented companies or centres from other countries see Indonesia as a good commercial market and offer services, some of which are not scientifically sound. One of the main problems is umbilical cord blood stem cell banking from foreign countries, which is eagerly offered to parents expecting a baby. Moreover, parents are not fully protected by law. In conclusion, Indonesia needs to revive its own HSCT program to serve and protect its own patients of being used as commercial targets by other countries.
    Matched MeSH terms: Referral and Consultation
  8. Haron N, Rajendran S, Kallarakkal TG, Zain RB, Ramanathan A, Abraham MT, et al.
    Oral Dis, 2023 Mar;29(2):380-389.
    PMID: 33914993 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13892
    OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the accuracy of MeMoSA®, a mobile phone application to review images of oral lesions in identifying oral cancers and oral potentially malignant disorders requiring referral.

    SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A prospective study of 355 participants, including 280 with oral lesions/variants was conducted. Adults aged ≥18 treated at tertiary referral centres were included. Images of the oral cavity were taken using MeMoSA®. The identification of the presence of lesion/variant and referral decision made using MeMoSA® were compared to clinical oral examination, using kappa statistics for intra-rater agreement. Sensitivity, specificity, concordance and F1 score were computed. Images were reviewed by an off-site specialist and inter-rater agreement was evaluated. Images from sequential clinical visits were compared to evaluate observable changes in the lesions.

    RESULTS: Kappa values comparing MeMoSA® with clinical oral examination in detecting a lesion and referral decision was 0.604 and 0.892, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity for referral decision were 94.0% and 95.5%. Concordance and F1 score were 94.9% and 93.3%, respectively. Inter-rater agreement for a referral decision was 0.825. Progression or regression of lesions were systematically documented using MeMoSA®.

    CONCLUSION: Referral decisions made through MeMoSA® is highly comparable to clinical examination demonstrating it is a reliable telemedicine tool to facilitate the identification of high-risk lesions for early management.

    Matched MeSH terms: Referral and Consultation
  9. Jaafar H
    Malays J Med Sci, 2006 Jan;13(1):4-12.
    PMID: 22589584
    Intra-operative frozen section plays an important role in the management of surgical patients and yet it must be used prudently to avoid the indiscriminate usage of this important technique. As it is subjected to many limitations in comparison to the paraffin embedded tissue sections, this review aims to highlight the important concepts and principle of intra-operative frozen section consultation as well as discussing the limitations of this technique. This will then allow the endusers of this technique to be more informed and more selective in their decisions when requesting for a frozen section report.
    Matched MeSH terms: Referral and Consultation
  10. Lai MW, Yong SC, Boo NY
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 Dec;59(5):598-603.
    PMID: 15889561
    The objectives of this prospective, observational study were to determine the current indications of requesting chest radiograph in sick infants in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and the effect of a user-guided request form for chest radiographs of sick infants. During the three-month study period, a total of 423 chest radiographs were requested on 159 sick newborn infants in the intensive area of this NICU. A majority (55.6%) of these chest radiographs were performed to verify positions tips of either central catheters (27.4%) or endotracheal tubes (28.1%). The number of chest radiographs done during the period when the user-guided request forms were utilised was significantly lower (1.24 per patient) than before (1.37 per patient) or after (1.58 per patients) the period when these forms were in use (p=0.01). The rate of radiological abnormalities detected in radiographs requested to verify position of tips of endotracheal tubes were significantly greater during the period when user-guided forms were used than when they were not (p=0.01). A significantly higher proportion of changes in management were instituted when the user-guided forms were in use than during the period when they were not used (p=0.03). We conclude that a user-guided radiographic request form helps doctors in NICU to carry out their management more effectively.
    Matched MeSH terms: Referral and Consultation*
  11. Awang R, Abd Rahman AF, Wan Abdullah WZA, Lajis R, Abdul Majid MI
    Med J Malaysia, 2003 Aug;58(3):375-9.
    PMID: 14750377
    This report describes inquiries relating to poisoning cases which were received by the National Poison Centre of Malaysia from the years 1996 to 2000. The study utilized data from the NPC report forms. Only data relating to patient contact with a poison or chemical were included in the analysis. The poison centre received an average of 186 poisoning inquiries per year. Doctors remained the highest group of caller to the poison centre throughout the five-year period. Nearly 50% of all inquiries was regarding pesticide poisoning and this trend remained constant during the five-year period. Overall, the findings showed that poisoning inquiries relating to patient care were lower than in Japan and the United States.
    Matched MeSH terms: Referral and Consultation/trends*
  12. Ong LK, Sivaneswaran L, Mohd Najib A, Devindran M, Say BL, Rohan MJ
    Med J Malaysia, 2020 07;75(4):400-402.
    PMID: 32724002
    In Malaysia, COVID-19 pandemic recorded considerable number of cases. Many hospitals have been converted into COVID-19 centres to manage these cases. The Penang General Hospital was designated as a hybrid hospital to manage both COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 cases. Consequently, services across specialties, including urology have been affected. Triage of referrals was necessary to ensure optimum patient care, thus we designed a triage system to address this situation. A record screening system of patients was also implemented to limit outpatient appointments. We share this early experience in managing urology patients during this pandemic.
    Matched MeSH terms: Referral and Consultation*
  13. Cirielli V, Bortolotti F, Cima L, De Battisti Z, Del Balzo G, De Salvia A, et al.
    Med Sci Law, 2021 Jan;61(1_suppl):25-35.
    PMID: 33591882 DOI: 10.1177/0025802420965763
    The magnitude of the diagnostic benefit conferred by performing histopathological examinations after medico-legal/forensic autopsies remains debatable. We have tried to address this issue by reviewing a series of histopathology referrals concerning medico-legal autopsies in real-world routine practice. We present an audit of the consultations provided to forensics by clinical pathologists at our institute between 2015 and 2018. Over this period, 493 post-mortem examinations were performed by forensic pathologists. Of these cases, 52 (11%) were referred for histopathology. Gross assessment was requested in 22/52 (42%) cases. Histopathology examination was performed on single organs in 15/52 (29%) cases, primarily on the lung and heart, whereas parenchymatous multi-organ analysis was carried out in 14/52 (27%) cases. Bone-marrow sampling was studied in 4/52 (8%) cases. Immunohistochemistry was needed in 16/52 (31%) cases, special stains in 9/52 (21%) cases and molecular analysis in 4/52 (8%) cases. Focusing on technical processes, standard methodology on pre-analytical procedures was changed in 10/52 (19%) cases in order to answer specific diagnostic questions. We showed that although most of the time the diagnosis is clear by the end of dissection on the basis of the macroscopic findings, histopathology can provide, modify or confirm the cause of death in many medico-legal/forensic cases. Therefore, it is desirable that forensic pathologists and clinical pathologists establish robust working relationships in a cooperative environment. We conclude that it is important to implement guidelines based on real-world routine practice in order to identify cases where histopathology can provide useful contributions, which in our experience applied to 11% of forensic cases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Referral and Consultation*
  14. Mohd Norsuddin N, Mello-Thoms C, Reed W, Rickard M, Lewis S
    Br J Radiol, 2017 Aug;90(1076):20170048.
    PMID: 28621548 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20170048
    OBJECTIVE: This study investigated whether certain mammographic appearances of breast cancer are missed when radiologists read at lower recall rates.

    METHODS: 5 radiologists read 1 identical test set of 200 mammographic (180 normal cases and 20 abnormal cases) 3 times and were requested to adhere to 3 different recall rate conditions: free recall, 15% and 10%. The radiologists were asked to mark the locations of suspicious lesions and provide a confidence rating for each decision. An independent expert radiologist identified the various types of cancers in the test set, including the presence of calcifications and the lesion location, including specific mammographic density.

    RESULTS: Radiologists demonstrated lower sensitivity and receiver operating characteristic area under the curve for non-specific density/asymmetric density (H = 6.27, p = 0.04 and H = 7.35, p = 0.03, respectively) and mixed features (H = 9.97, p = 0.01 and H = 6.50, p = 0.04, respectively) when reading at 15% and 10% recall rates. No significant change was observed on cancer characterized with stellate masses (H = 3.43, p = 0.18 and H = 1.23, p = 0.54, respectively) and architectural distortion (H = 0.00, p = 1.00 and H = 2.00, p = 0.37, respectively). Across all recall conditions, stellate masses were likely to be recalled (90.0%), whereas non-specific densities were likely to be missed (45.6%).

    CONCLUSION: Cancers with a stellate mass were more easily detected and were more likely to continue to be recalled, even at lower recall rates. Cancers with non-specific density and mixed features were most likely to be missed at reduced recall rates. Advances in knowledge: Internationally, recall rates vary within screening mammography programs considerably, with a range between 1% and 15%, and very little is known about the type of breast cancer appearances found when radiologists interpret screening mammograms at these various recall rates. Therefore, understanding the lesion types and the mammographic appearances of breast cancers that are affected by readers' recall decisions should be investigated.

    Matched MeSH terms: Referral and Consultation/statistics & numerical data*
  15. Rayes IK, Hassali MA, Abduelkarem AR
    Saudi Pharm J, 2015 Jul;23(3):235-40.
    PMID: 26106271 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2014.11.016
    The new paradigm to pharmacy profession has changed the focus of pharmacists from product-centered to patient-oriented. This change has brought new set of beliefs and assumptions on the way services should be delivered to pharmacy clients. The main aim of this study was to explore the perception of community pharmacists on their current professional role in Dubai. Key findings show that community pharmacists are more directed toward business than patients. They almost dispense all categories of medicines over-the-counter without the need of prescriptions. However, a new trend of pharmacists in Dubai is to provide enhanced pharmacy services such as consultation to patients upon request.
    Matched MeSH terms: Referral and Consultation
  16. Sazlina SG, Zaiton A
    Malays Fam Physician, 2009;4(2):94-97.
    PMID: 25606172 MyJurnal
    This is a case of a 65 year old lady who presented with Cushing’s syndrome secondary to ingestion of a complementary and alternative medicine that has been adulterated with exogenous glucocorticoids. In a clinical consultation, it is important to include assessment of complementary and alternative medicine use for a comprehensive care.
    Matched MeSH terms: Referral and Consultation
  17. Khalib, A.L., Farid, A.R.
    MyJurnal
    Background: An effective doctor-patient communication has increasingly being recognized as an important factor in patient care. All means should be oriented towards narrowing communication gap. The essential methods must be searched and doctor must be able to conduct communication session in more pleasing manner.
    Methodology: This is a systematic review on observations made on doctor-patient relationship on various setting and supported by feedbacks from many scholars who are involved in research, teaching and also papers and studies on the said subject.
    Results: It is been realized that effective communication is not easily done if its process not well complemented and the gap is left widening. From all possible communication gaps recognized and listed, at least ten have identified to be the most essential methods to be prioritized while counseling or consulting a patient.
    Conclusion: Effective communication between patient and doctor is the essential prerequisite of good medical practice and especially important for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. Its mutual benefit can only be observed if all efforts are centered towards managing the communication gap.
    Matched MeSH terms: Referral and Consultation
  18. Zainal, N.Z.
    MyJurnal
    Most general hospitals in the country have a psychiatric department. According to the Malaysia Mental Health Regulations 2010, "a psychiatric facility shall ensure that each patient has a care plan for the management of the patient during the treatment and upon discharge of the patient". However not every psychiatric department has a trained consultation-liaison psychiatrist. In Malaysia there are only a few numbers of psychiatrists that have undergone a formal sub-specialty training in Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry.
    Matched MeSH terms: Referral and Consultation
  19. Vengatesh Rao, Irfan Mohamad
    MyJurnal
    The unilateral nasal symptom should trigger a treating physician to a certain diagnosis. The differential
    diagnosis includes foreign body, rhinolith and tumour. The chronicity of symptom helps a lot with the diagnosis.
    Foreign body for example, tends to present with positive history of insertion, mainly by children or the acute
    symptom of local infection. In the presence of prolonged symptom, rhinolith should be suspected especially when
    the patient presents with pathognomonic nasal obstruction with foul smelly discharge. A referral should be made
    for a nasoendoscopy evaluation whenever a rhinitis-like symptoms remain after a period of medical treatment for
    allergy. We share a case of a missed diagnosis of a rhinolith after six years of symptoms.
    Matched MeSH terms: Referral and Consultation
  20. Kachewar S, Kulkarni D
    Biomed Imaging Interv J, 2011 Oct;7(4):e27.
    PMID: 22279504 DOI: 10.2349/biij.7.4.e27
    This short case report discusses the various aspects of penile fracture, which is a rare entity. Nevertheless, the incidence of penile fractures is on the rise due to the increased use of performance-enhancing drugs. An individual with a penile fracture should seek immediate medical referral. Prompt diagnosis and management is necessary to prevent undesirable after-effects as discussed. Emphasis is made on how imaging with ultrasound enables a quick and complete assessment of this mishap.
    Matched MeSH terms: Referral and Consultation
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