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Studies on the antineuritic vitamin. Part III. Further evidence of the composite nature of B vitamin

Rosedale JL

Indian J Med Res, 1929;17:216-21.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin B 12
A rapid method for the detection of vitamin B12 deficiency

Chong YH, Lopez CG

Med J Malaya, 1968 Mar;22(3):250.
PMID: 4234387
Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin B 12 Deficiency/diagnosis*
Clinical Recommendations for the use of Neurotropic B vitamins (B1, B6, and B12) for the Management of Peripheral Neuropathy: Consensus from a Multidisciplinary Expert Panel

Pinzon RT, Schellack N, Matawaran BJ, Tsang MW, Deerochanawong C, Hiew FL, et al.

J Assoc Physicians India, 2023 Jul;71(7):11-12.
PMID: 37449697 DOI: 10.59556/japi.71.0290

INTRODUCTION: Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is an insidious disease that is often asymptomatic during the early stages but which can have a significant impact on quality of life at later stages when nerve damage occurs. There is currently no guidance on the use of neurotropic B vitamins (B1, B6, and B12) for the management of asymptomatic and symptomatic PN.
OBJECTIVE: To provide guidance to primary care physicians on an integrated approach to managing PN with neurotropic B vitamins (B1, B6, and B12).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A multidisciplinary panel of eight experts participated in an iterative quasi-anonymous Delphi survey consisting of two rounds of questions and a virtual meeting. A literature review formed the basis of the survey questions. The first round included multiple select, qualitative, and Likert Scale questions; the subsequent round consisted of 2-point scale (agree or disagree) questions that sought to develop consensus-based statements refined from the first round and recommendations derived from discussions during the virtual expert panel meeting.
RESULTS: Clinical recommendations for the use of neurotropic B vitamins (B1, B6, and B12) have been developed for the prevention of PN progression or to delay onset in patients at high risk of developing PN. Recommendations have also been provided for the assessment of PN etiology and considerations for the use of loading dose (high dose) and maintenance dose (lower dose) of these neurotropic B vitamins (B1, B6, and B12).
CONCLUSION: These clinical recommendations provide an initial step towards formulating comprehensive guidelines for the early and long-term management of PN with neurotropic B vitamins (B1, B6, and B12) and move beyond addressing only neuropathic pain associated with the late stages of PN.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin B 12/therapeutic use
Fulltext Ayam organik alternatif daging putih kepada pengguna untuk kesihatan yang lebih baik: satu tinjauan literatur

Jamilah Ismail, Norsuhana Abdul Hamid

Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2011;9(2):35-43.
MyJurnal

Daging memainkan peranan penting dalam diet seseorang. Daging kaya dengan sumber protein, vitamin B12, vitamin D, asid lemak Omega 3 dan mineral seperti zink dan ferum. Walaupun daging membekalkan pelbagai keperluan nutrien yang diperlukan oleh tubuh, tetapi pengambilan daging juga boleh membawa kesan negatif kepada kesihatan. Oleh itu, di dalam artikel ini perbincangan akan menyentuh kepada risiko pengambilan daging merah kepada kesihatan. Pengambilan daging merah dalam kekerapan dan kuantiti yang tinggi boleh menyebabkan pelbagai penyakit antaranya seperti kanser dan kardiovaskular. Perbincangan juga di lakukan terhadap risiko pengambilan daging putih terhadap kesihatan. Pengambilan daging putih boleh mengundang pelbagai kesan negatif kepada kesihatan disebabkan oleh penggunaan hormon, antibiotik dan vaksin. Sebagai alternatif, daging ayam organik merupakan daging yang dicadangkan diambil oleh pengguna di dalam diet seharian. Prinsip penternakan ayam organik yang mementingkan sumber makanan ternakan tanpa penggunaan baja kimia dan racun perosak, aspek perumahan dan persekitaran yang mengutamakan kebajikan ternakan serta penjagaan kesihatan ternakan tanpa menggunakan hormon, antibiotik dan vaksin turut dibincangkan.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin B 12
Fulltext High folate and low vitamin B12 status during pregnancy is associated with gestational diabetes mellitus

Lai JS, Pang WW, Cai S, Lee YS, Chan JKY, Shek LPC, et al.

Clin Nutr, 2018 06;37(3):940-947.
PMID: 28381340 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.03.022

BACKGROUND & AIMS: B-vitamins and homocysteine may contribute to the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), but existing studies are inconsistent. We examined the cross-sectional associations of plasma folate, vitamins B6, B12, and homocysteine concentrations with GDM and glycemia in a sample of multi-ethnic Asian pregnant women.
METHODS: Plasma concentrations of folate, vitamins B6, B12, homocysteine and glucose were measured at 26-weeks' gestation in 913 pregnant women. GDM was diagnosed using the 1999 World Health Organization criteria. Associations were examined with linear or logistic regression, adjusted for confounders and stratified by ethnicity.
RESULTS: Higher plasma folate was associated with higher 2-h glucose and higher odds of GDM [0.15 (0.02, 0.23) per 1-SD increment in folate, OR 1.29 (1.00, 1.60)], mainly among Indian mothers. Higher plasma vitamin B12 and homocysteine were associated with lower fasting and 2-h glucose, and lower odds of GDM [-0.04 (-0.07, -0.01) per 1-SD increment in B12 and -0.09 (-0.18, -0.003) respectively, OR: 0.81 (0.68, 0.97); -0.05 (-0.08, -0.02) per 1-SD increment in homocysteine and -0.12 (-0.21, -0.02) respectively, OR: 0.76 (0.62, 0.92)]. The highest odds of GDM were observed among women with combined vitamin B12 insufficiency and high folate concentration [OR: 1.97 (1.05, 3.68)]. An association between higher vitamin B6 and higher 2-h glucose shifted towards null adjusting for other B-vitamins.
CONCLUSIONS: Higher maternal folate coupled with vitamin B12 insufficiency was associated with higher GDM risk. This finding has potential implications for antenatal supplement recommendations but will require confirmation in future studies.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin B 12/blood*; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency/blood*; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency/epidemiology*
Fulltext Maternal and cord folate and vit.B12 levels in Malaysians at parturition

Ali J, Hassan K, Arshat H

Med J Malaysia, 1982 Jun;37(2):160-4.
PMID: 6890140

Folate and vitamin B 12 status in pregnancy was studied in a group of 190 Malaysian mothers belonging to the three major ethnic origins. Cord blood was also analysed for the same vitamins. Ethnic variations with regard to deficiency in these two vitamins was determined. About 58.5 percent of the pregnant mothers suffered from lowered serum folate levels and 32.4 percent had lowered RBC folate levels. In contrast vitamin B 12 levels were within normal limits. Cord blood levels of these vitamins were significantly higher than. the corresponding levels in the maternal blood, suggesting the possible involvement of an active process in the transfer of folates and vitamin B 12 to the fetus.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin B 12/blood*
Fulltext SARS CoV-2 aggravates cellular metabolism mediated complications in COVID-19 infection

Singh Y, Gupta G, Kazmi I, Al-Abbasi FA, Negi P, Chellappan DK, et al.

Dermatol Ther, 2020 11;33(6):e13871.
PMID: 32558055 DOI: 10.1111/dth.13871

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the primary causative organism in corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19) infections, is a novel member of the human coronavirus family which was first identified in Wuhan, China, towards the end of 2019. This letter reveals new vital missing links in our current understanding of the mechanisms that lead to cell death triggered by ferroptotic stress in COVID-19 infection. It further reveal the importance of homocysteine mediated trans-sulfuration pathway in COVID-19 infection. Hence, Vitamin B6, folic acid, and Vitamin B12 should be incorporated in the treatment regimen for SARS CoV-2 infections to suppress complications, as the virus mediates altered host cell metabolism.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin B 12/administration & dosage
Vitamin-B12 deficiency in the megaloblastic anaemias of Malaya

TASKER PW, MOLLIN DL, BERRIMAN H

Br J Haematol, 1958 Apr;4(2):167-76.
PMID: 13536254
Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin B 12 Deficiency/complications*
Fulltext Prevalence of Vitamin B12 Deficiency and its Associated Factors among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Metformin from a District in Malaysia

Krishnan GD, Zakaria MH, Yahaya N

J ASEAN Fed Endocr Soc, 2020;35(2):163-168.
PMID: 33442187 DOI: 10.15605/jafes.035.02.03

Introduction: Vitamin B12 deficiency is more common among metformin-treated subjects although the prevalence is variable. Many factors have been associated with this. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency and its associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) who are on metformin.
Methodology: A total of 205 patients who fit eligibility criteria were included in the study. A questionnaire was completed, and blood was drawn to study vitamin B12 levels. Vitamin B12 deficiency was defined as serum B12 level of ≤300 pg/mL (221 pmol/L).
Results: The prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency among metformin-treated patients with type 2 DM patients was 28.3% (n=58). The median vitamin B12 level was 419 (±257) pg/mL. The non-Malay population was at a higher risk for metformin-associated vitamin B12 deficiency [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 3.86, 95% CI: 1.836 to 8.104, p<0.001]. Duration of metformin use of more than five years showed increased risk for metformin-associated vitamin B12 deficiency (adjusted OR 2.06, 95% CI: 1.003 to 4.227, p=0.049).
Conclusion: Our study suggests that the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on metformin in our population is substantial. This is more frequent among the non-Malay population and those who have been on metformin for more than five years.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency
Vitamin‐B12 Deficiency in the Megaloblastic Anaemias of Malaya

Tasker PWG, Mollin DL, Berriman H

Br J Haematol, 1958;4:167-176.
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1958.tb03847.x
Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin B 12 Deficiency
Methylcobalamin treatment of Bell's palsy

Jalaludin MA

Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol, 1995 Oct;17(8):539-44.
PMID: 8749227

Sixty patients with Bell's palsy were included in an open randomized trial. Patients were assigned into three treatment groups: steroid (group 1), methylcobalamin (group 2) and methylcobalamin + steroid (group 3). Comparison between the three groups was based on the number of days needed to attain full recovery, facial nerve scores, and improvement of concomitant symptoms. The time required for complete recovery of facial nerve function was significantly shorter ( p < 0.001) in the methylcobalamin (mean of 1.95 +/- 0.51 weeks) and methylcobalamin plus steroid groups (mean of 2.05 +/- 1.23 weeks) than in the steroid group (mean of 9.60 +/- 7.79 weeks). The facial nerve score after 1-3 weeks of treatment was significantly more severe (p < 0.001) in the steroid group compared to the methylcobalamin and methylcobalamin plus steroid groups. The improvement of concomitant symptoms was better in the methylcobalamin treated groups than the group treated with steroid alone.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin B 12/analogs & derivatives*; Vitamin B 12/therapeutic use
Fulltext The increasing importance of vitamin B12 deficiency as a contributing factor to anemia in Malaysia

Ishak R, Hassan K

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1994 Sep;25(3):457-8.
PMID: 7777906

A comparative study was done to determine the profile of vitamin B12 and folate status in Malaysians during two different periods. For the period of 1987/88, we analysed a total of 9,162 cases (inpatients) referred for vitamin B12 estimation and 10,290 cases for folate estimation. We found that 2.6% were vitamin B12 deficient and 31.2% were folate deficient. For the period of 1992/93, of the 9,962 cases assayed, 8.2% were found to be vitamin B12 deficient whereas 7.6% of the 10,355 cases referred were folate deficient. Vitamin B12 and folate were assayed either using microbiological or radioassays. These findings indicate that there appears to be a change in the status of both vitamin B12 and folate over the five year interval.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin B 12 Deficiency/complications; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency/epidemiology*
Fulltext Vitamin B12 deficiency: unusual cause of jaundice in an adolescent

Katakam PK, Hegde AP, Venkataramaiahyappa M

BMJ Case Rep, 2018 Jan 12;2018.
PMID: 29330271 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2017-222302

Vitamin B12 deficiency in vegans is a known cause of megaloblastic anaemia. We report an adolescent girl who presented with jaundice and weight loss for 6 months secondary to vitamin B12 deficiency, leading to megaloblastic anaemia. Replacement with vitamin B12 reversed her symptoms, resulting in weight gain, and normalised her haemoglobin, red blood cell morphology, bilirubin levels and serum vitamin B12 levels.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin B 12/therapeutic use*; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency/complications; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency/diet therapy*
Vitamin B-12 status in infancy is positively associated with development and cognitive functioning 5 y later in Nepalese children

Kvestad I, Hysing M, Shrestha M, Ulak M, Thorne-Lyman AL, Henjum S, et al.

Am J Clin Nutr, 2017 05;105(5):1122-1131.
PMID: 28330909 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.116.144931

Background: Poor vitamin B-12 (cobalamin) status is widespread in South Asia. Insufficient vitamin B-12 status has been linked to poor neurodevelopment in young children.Objective: We measured the associations between vitamin B-12 status in infancy (2-12 mo) and the development and cognitive functioning in Nepalese children 5 y later.Design: Vitamin B-12 status was assessed in infancy with the use of plasma cobalamin, total homocysteine (tHcy), and methylmalonic acid (MMA). At 5 y of age, we measured development with the use of the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, 3rd edition (ASQ-3), and cognitive functioning by using the Developmental Neuropsychological Assessment, 2nd edition (NEPSY II), in 320 children. In regression models, we estimated the associations between vitamin B-12 status, including a combined indicator of vitamin B-12 status (3cB12) and scores on the ASQ-3 and NEPSY II subtests.Results: All markers of vitamin B-12 status with the exception of plasma cobalamin were significantly associated with the total ASQ-3 scores in the multiple regression models. A 1-unit increase in the 3cB12 score was associated with an increase in the total ASQ-3 score of 4.88 (95% CI: 2.09, 7.68; P = 0.001). Increases in both plasma tHcy and MMA (indicating poorer status) were associated with a decrease in scores on the NEPSY II affect recognition and geometric puzzle subtests. Each unit increment in 3cB12 scores was associated with increases of 0.82 (95% CI: 0.49, 1.14; P < 0.0005), 0.59 (95% CI: 0.10, 1.09; P = 0.020), and 0.24 (95% CI: 0.02, 0.47; P = 0.035) in the affect recognition, geometric puzzle, and block construction scores, respectively.Conclusions: Vitamin B-12 status in infancy is associated with development and performance on social perception tasks and visuospatial abilities at 5 y of age. The long-term effects of poor vitamin B-12 status in infancy need further investigation in randomized controlled trials.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin B 12/blood*; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency/blood; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency/complications*
Fulltext Pernicious anaemia among Asians in Singapore

Jayaratnam FJ, Seah CS, Da Costa JL, Tan KK, O'Brien W

Br Med J, 1967 Jul 01;3(5556):18-20.
PMID: 6027375
Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin B 12/blood; Vitamin B 12/therapeutic use
Anaemia and folate status in late pregnancy in a mixed Asiatic population

Hibbard BM, Hibbard ED

J Obstet Gynaecol Br Commonw, 1972 Jul;79(7):584-91.
PMID: 5043421
Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin B 12/blood; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency/blood
Fulltext Optimisation of Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF) for Biobutanol Production Using Pretreated Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch

Md Razali NAA, Ibrahim MF, Kamal Bahrin E, Abd-Aziz S

Molecules, 2018 Aug 03;23(8).
PMID: 30081514 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23081944

This study was conducted in order to optimise simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) for biobutanol production from a pretreated oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) by Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824. Temperature, initial pH, cellulase loading and substrate concentration were screened using one factor at a time (OFAT) and further statistically optimised by central composite design (CCD) using the response surface methodology (RSM) approach. Approximately 2.47 g/L of biobutanol concentration and 0.10 g/g of biobutanol yield were obtained after being screened through OFAT with 29.55% increment (1.42 fold). The optimised conditions for SSF after CCD were: temperature of 35 °C, initial pH of 5.5, cellulase loading of 15 FPU/g-substrate and substrate concentration of 5% (w/v). This optimisation study resulted in 55.95% increment (2.14 fold) of biobutanol concentration equivalent to 3.97 g/L and biobutanol yield of 0.16 g/g. The model and optimisation design obtained from this study are important for further improvement of biobutanol production, especially in consolidated bioprocessing technology.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin B 12
Fulltext The efficacy and safety of intramuscular injections of methylcobalamin in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain: a randomised controlled trial

Chiu CK, Low TH, Tey YS, Singh VA, Shong HK

Singapore Med J, 2011 Dec;52(12):868-73.
PMID: 22159928

INTRODUCTION: Chronic, nonspecific low back pain is a difficult ailment to treat and poses an economic burden in terms of medical expenses and productivity loss. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety of intramuscular metylcobalamin in the treatment of chronic nonspecific low back pain.
METHODS: This was a double-blinded, randomised, controlled experimental study. 60 patients were assigned to either the methylcobalamin group or the placebo group. The former received intramuscular injections of 500 mcg parenteral methylcobalamin in 1 ml solution three times a week for two weeks, and the placebo group received 1 ml normal saline. Patients were assessed with Oswestry Disability Index questionnaire Version 2.0 and Visual Analogue Scale pain score. They were scored before commencement of the injections and at two months interval.
RESULTS: Of the 60 patients, 27 received the placebo injections and 33 were given methylcobalamin injections. A total of 58 patients were available for review at two months (placebo: n is 26; methylcobalamin: n is 32). There was a significant improvement in the Oswestry Disability Index and Visual Analogue Scale pain scores in the methylcobalamin group as compared with the placebo group (p-value less than 0.05). Only minor adverse reactions such as pain and haematoma at the injection sites were reported by some patients.
CONCLUSION: Intramuscular methylcobalamin is both an effective and safe method of treatment for patients with nonspecific low back pain, both singly or in combination with other forms of treatment.
Study site: Orthopaedic Clinic, Hospital Tuanku Jaafar, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin B 12/administration & dosage; Vitamin B 12/analogs & derivatives*; Vitamin B 12/metabolism
Fulltext Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome presenting with jaundice and thrombocytopenia

Norasyikin AW, Rozita M, Mohd Johan MJ, Suehazlyn Z

Med Princ Pract, 2014;23(4):387-9.
PMID: 24401542 DOI: 10.1159/000357645

OBJECTIVE: To report an uncommon presentation of a rare case of autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type IIIb in an elderly woman.
CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND INTERVENTION: A 62-year-old woman presented with anaemic symptoms and jaundice. Blood tests showed macrocytic anaemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency with Coombs negative haemolysis. A thyroid function test was consistent with hypothyroidism. Autoimmune antibody assays were positive for anti-parietal cell, anti-intrinsic factor and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies. A final diagnosis of autoimmune thyroiditis with pernicious anaemia, which constituted autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type IIIb, was made and the patient was treated with L-thyroxine, vitamin B12 injection and a blood transfusion. She was discharged uneventfully after a week of hospitalization.
CONCLUSION: This case showed that the presence of one autoimmune endocrine disease should prompt clinicians to look for other coexisting autoimmune diseases which may be asymptomatic despite positive autoantibodies.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin B 12 Deficiency/physiopathology
Do folate, vitamins B₆ and B₁₂ play a role in the pathogenesis of migraine? The role of pharmacoepigenomics

Shaik MM, Tan HL, Kamal MA, Gan SH

CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets, 2014;13(5):828-35.
PMID: 24040787

Migraine is a neurovascular disease that has classically been attributed to multifactorial aetiologies, with genetic components and environmental interactions considered the main influence. Genes such as flavoenzyme 5, 10- methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), especially the C677T variant, have been associated with elevated plasma homocysteine levels. This elevation in homocysteine results in an array of metabolic disorders and increased risk of complex diseases, including migraine. Catalysation of homocysteine requires the presence of vitamins B6, B12 and folate. Deficiencies in these cofactor vitamins result in hypomethylation, which triggers migraine. Because migraine predominantly affects females, it is hypothesised that fluctuating oestrogen levels, which are governed by oestrogen receptor 1 polymorphisms, are important. Another important factor is homocysteine, the production of which is dependent upon MTHFR and B vitamins. Gene expression is modulated through epigenetic mechanisms, which involve methionine. Additionally, folate plays a major role in DNA synthesis. We propose that vitamin B intake, coupled with MTHFR and oestrogen receptor 1 polymorphisms, causes differential DNA methylation and gene expression that may contribute to the occurrence of migraine.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin B 12/metabolism*

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