METHODS: We developed two distinct types of BC tumor spheroids from MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. The spheroids underwent treatment with a range of concentrations of pharmacological Vit-C (1, 5, 10, 15, and 20 mM). Assessments were conducted to determine the cell viability, H2O2 levels, glutathione-to-glutathione disulfide (GSH/GSSG) ratios, and apoptosis. Both flow cytometry analyses of Annexin V/PI staining and caspase3/7 activity assay were used to check apoptosis.
RESULTS: We showed that Vit-C induced dose-dependent cell death in both types of tumor spheroids, primarily driven by elevated H2O2 production and a concomitant oxidative stress imbalance induced by the GSH depletion. The high levels of H2O2 generated by Vit-C triggered the apoptosis of spheroids. In MCF-7 spheroids, Vit-C-induced H2O2 production was higher, with a more pronounced decrease in the GSH/GSSG ratio, indicating greater susceptibility to oxidative stress-induced cell death. However, MDA-MB-231 spheroids exhibited a more severe cytotoxic response.
CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals that Vit-C induces oxidative stress-mediated cell death in both non-aggressive and aggressive BC spheroids. Unlike traditional in vitro studies, this work provides novel insights into the response of two BC tumor subtypes to Vit-C, demonstrating its potential as a targeted common therapy for BC.
METHODS: The final-year undergraduate Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) students were invited to participate in a hybrid TBL-CBL session. They were randomly divided into six groups of six to seven students, and the session was conducted by one facilitator, supported by two lecturers. At the end of the session, a 23-item questionnaire consisting of four domains (perception of effectiveness, teacher, team interaction and learning environment) and open-ended questions was distributed. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse quantitative data using IBM SPSS software version 27.0 for Mac (SPSS Inc.). Thematic analysis was used to code qualitative data. ANCOVA (Analysis of covariance) was used to evaluate the relationship between gender and ethnicity towards the students' perception of this hybrid TBL-CBL session, with a significant difference set at P
METHODS: A survey with a cross-sectional design was conducted among 1200 HCPs (primary care providers, endocrinologists, cardiologists, and nurses) and 414 HC DMs from eight countries across five continents. Respondents' perceptions of obesity, characteristics of patient populations, obesity management practices, and obesity-related healthcare policies were collected. Surveys were administered online from June-July 2023. All respondent data were anonymized.
RESULTS: Among HCPs, 26.4% and 29.0% of HC DMs considered obesity a chronic disease, and 44.6% of HCPs reported that obesity was recorded as a chronic disease in patients' medical records. The pattern of responses was consistent across countries and professional roles. Obesity care approaches focused on lifestyle concerns. HCPs and HC DMs appeared to overestimate the provision of obesity-related medical care for affected patients.
CONCLUSION: These results corroborate prior findings that many HCPs do not consider obesity a disease, which hinders initiation of appropriate treatment, and also highlight challenges in obesity management, including gaps in obesity guidelines and accessibility to healthcare. These findings may help guide education and outreach by health authorities as well as HCPs.
METHODS: This was a prospective cohort study of women with DIP with small infants compared to a non-diabetic cohort with similarly small fetuses. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the effect of DIP on placental biomarkers, fetoplacental Dopplers, and adverse perinatal outcomes.
RESULTS: There were 447 pregnancies in this study - 117 (26.2 %) had DIP and 330 (73.8 %) did not have diabetes. Of the DIP cohort, 57 (48.7 %) had early-onset and 27 (23.1 %) had late-onset FGR. Higher rates of low PlGF levels<100 ng/L (42.1 % vs. 25.7 %,p = 0.002), high sFlt-1/PlGF ratio (39.6 % vs. 25.4 %,p = 0.006), low MCA PI
MATERIALS AND METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Embase databases were searched until May 7th, 2024. The Radiomics Quality Score tool assessed bias risk. Subgroup analyses based on radiomics and clinical characteristics were conducted.
RESULTS: Our systematic review included 19 studies, encompassing 5337 PTC cases. Among these, 12 articles focused on ETE and seven articles focused on BRAFV600E mutations. For the identification of ETE in the validation set, the summarized machine learning (ML) models demonstrated 0.80c-index (95%CI: 0.77-0.83), 0.77 sensitivity (95%CI: 0.72-0.81), and 0.78 specificity (95%CI: 0.73-0.82). Radiomics based on ultrasound demonstrated 0.82c-index (95%CI: 0.78-0.86), 0.77 sensitivity (95%CI: 0.68-0.84), and 0.84 specificity (95%CI: 0.75-0.91). For the identification of BRAFV600E mutations in the validation set, the summarized ML models showed 0.80c-index (95%CI: 0.72-0.87), 0.76 sensitivity (95%CI: 0.67-0.84), and 0.88 specificity (95%CI: 0.77-0.94). ML models based on ultrasound-guided radiomics had 0.81c-index (95%CI: 0.74-0.89), 0.79 sensitivity (95%CI: 0.71-0.86), and 0.87 specificity (95%CI: 0.74-0.94).
CONCLUSION: Radiomics in identifying ETE and BRAFV600E mutation have high c-index, sensitivity, and specificity, especially images from ultrasound, demonstrating the potential for diagnosing ETE and BRAFV600E mutations in PTC.
METHODS: A retrospective evaluation of radiographs from 303 root canal-treated teeth in 231 patients was conducted, with 72 patients attending recall visits to assess EO. The chi-square and one-way analysis of variance tests were performed.
RESULTS: A total of 505 WL and 557 MC radiographs were reviewed, with 72.9% and 75% deemed satisfactory, respectively. Satisfactory TQRCF was achieved in 60.4% of cases. Significant associations were found between the extension of the file in WL and gutta-percha in MC radiographs and TQRCF (p = 0.000). Misinterpretation of these radiographs resulted in poor TQRCF. Furthermore, 64.2% of teeth had satisfactory EO. A significant relationship was noted between the quality of MC radiographs and both TQRCF (p = 0.043) and EO (p = 0.003).
CONCLUSIONS: Unsatisfactory MC radiographs were linked to poor TQRCF and unfavorable EO. Regular radiographic training is recommended to enhance EO.
AIMS: The aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of FFR-CT and CCTA to rule out significant lesions in high-risk NSTE-ACS patients, using ICA with invasive FFR as the gold standard.
METHODS: High-risk NSTE-ACS patients admitted to 4 European centres were enrolled in this single-arm, prospective core lab-adjudicated study. Patients underwent CCTA with FFR-CT analysis, followed by ICA with invasive FFR.
RESULTS: Out of the 250 initially planned NSTE-ACS patients, 168 were included, of whom 151 (92%) had sufficient CCTA image quality to undergo CCTA and FFR-CT analysis. The median high-sensitivity troponin T level at 1 hour post-hospitalisation was 5.3 (interquartile range: 1.8-18.6) times the upper reference limit. At the patient level, the diagnostic performance of FFR-CT was numerically higher as compared to CCTA though not statistically significant (sensitivity: 94% vs 93%, specificity: 63% vs 54%, positive predictive value: 83% vs 79%, negative predictive value: 85% vs 80% and accuracy: 83% vs 79%; p=0.58), suggesting an enhanced capability to avoid unnecessary ICA. At the lesion level, the ability of FFR-CT to detect significant lesions was significantly better than that of CCTA (receiver operating characteristic curves: 0.84 vs 0.65 respectively; p<0.01).
CONCLUSIONS: In patients with high-risk NSTE-ACS, FFR-CT offers better diagnostic accuracy - though not statistically significant - and a higher ability to rule out haemodynamically significant stenoses as compared to CCTA. This indicates that FFR-CT can reduce unnecessary invasive procedures by more accurately identifying patients requiring further intervention.
METHODS: Using the National Diabetes Registry (2011-2020), we analyzed data for 221,769 adult Malaysians with T2D.We used quantile regressions to estimate the association of sex, age, and their interaction on HbA1clevels at the 5th, 50th, and 95thpercentile and logistic regression to estimate the odds of good control (HbA1c