Problematic Gaming in Malaysian University Students: Translation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Malay Language Versions of Gaming Disorder Test and Gaming Disorder Scale for Young Adults

Ghazi FR 1 , Gan WY 1 , Tung SEH 2 , Chen IH 3 , Poon WC 4 , Siaw YL 5 Show all authors , Ruckwongpatr K 6 , Chen JS 7 , Huang SW 8 , Griffiths MD 9 , Lin CY 6

Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
  • 2 Division of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 3 Chinese Academy of Education Big Data, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
  • 4 Sunway Business School, Sunway University, Selangor, Malaysia
  • 5 Faculty of Education, Universiti Malaya, Malaysia
  • 6 Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
  • 7 Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
  • 8 Institute of Environmental Toxin and Emerging Contaminant, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
  • 9 International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
Eval Health Prof, 2024 Mar;47(1):93-104.
PMID: 37365830 DOI: 10.1177/01632787231185845

Abstract

As research on gaming disorder (GD) is growing globally, the need for a valid and reliable instrument to assess GD has become crucial. Therefore, the present cross-sectional study translated and evaluated the psychometric properties of Gaming Disorder Test (GDT) and Gaming Disorder Scale for Young Adults (GADIS-YA) into Malay language versions. The sample comprised 624 university students (females = 75.6%; mean age = 22.27 years) recruited via an online survey from May to August 2022, using a convenience sampling method. Participants completed both GDT and GADIS-YA scales and other relevant measures including Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS), Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form (IGDS9-SF), and time spent on social media and gaming. Results showed that both instruments reported satisfactory internal consistency, and confirmatory factor analysis supported the one-factor structure for GDT and two-factor structure for GADIS-YA. Both scales were strongly correlated with each other and with the IGDS9-SF, BSMAS, and time spent on social media and gaming, supporting concurrent validity. Measurement invariance of both scales was confirmed across gender and gaming time. These findings suggest that the Malay versions of GDT and GADIS-YA are reliable and valid measures of problematic gaming among Malaysian university students.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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