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Oxidative stress cytotoxicity induced by platinum-doped magnesia nanoparticles in cancer cells

Al-Fahdawi MQ 1 , Al-Doghachi FAJ 2 , Abdullah QK 3 , Hammad RT 4 , Rasedee A 5 , Ibrahim WN 6 Show all authors , Alshwyeh HA 7 , Alosaimi AA 7 , Aldosary SK 7 , Eid EEM 8 , Rosli R 1 , Taufiq-Yap YH 9 , Al-Haj NA 10 , Al-Qubaisi MS 1

Affiliations 

  • 1 Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
  • 2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Basra 61004, Basra, Iraq
  • 3 DCH/Pediatric Department, Ramadi Teaching Hospital for Gynecology and Childhood, University of Anbar, Ramadi, Iraq
  • 4 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; University of Anbar, Ramadi, Iraq
  • 5 Department of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. Electronic address: rasedee@upm.edu.my
  • 6 Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar. Electronic address: w.ibrahim@qu.edu.qa
  • 7 Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (IAU), Dammam 31441-1982, Saudi Arabia
  • 8 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: eem.eid@qu.edu.sa
  • 9 Catalysis Science and Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Science; Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88300 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
  • 10 Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana'a University, Yemen
Biomed Pharmacother, 2021 Jun;138:111483.
PMID: 33744756 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111483

Abstract

The aim of this study was to prepare, characterize, and determine the in vitro anticancer effects of platinum-doped magnesia (Pt/MgO) nanoparticles. The chemical compositions, functional groups, and size of nanoparticles were determined using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Pt/MgO nanoparticles were cuboid and in the nanosize range of 30-50 nm. The cytotoxicity of Pt/MgO nanoparticles was determined via the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay on the human lung and colonic cancer cells (A549 and HT29 respectively) and normal human lung and colonic fibroblasts cells (MRC-5 and CCD-18Co repectively). The Pt/MgO nanoparticles were relatively innocuous to normal cells. Pt/MgO nanoparticles downregulated Bcl-2 and upregulated Bax and p53 tumor suppressor proteins in the cancer cells. Pt/MgO nanoparticles also induced production of reactive oxygen species, decreased cellular glutathione level, and increased lipid peroxidation. Thus, the anticancer effects of Pt/MgO nanoparticles were attributed to the induction of oxidative stress and apoptosis. The study showed the potential of Pt/MgO nanoparticles as an anti-cancer compound.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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