Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 37 in total

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  1. Fulltext A Simple Add-and-Display Method for Immobilisation of Cancer Drug on His-tagged Virus-like Nanoparticles for Controlled Drug Delivery
    Biabanikhankahdani R, Bayat S, Ho KL, Alitheen NBM, Tan WS
    Sci Rep, 2017 Jul 13;7(1):5303.
    PMID: 28706267 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05525-4
    pH-responsive virus-like nanoparticles (VLNPs) hold promising potential as drug delivery systems for cancer therapy. In the present study, hepatitis B virus (HBV) VLNPs harbouring His-tags were used to display doxorubicin (DOX) via nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) conjugation. The His-tags served as pH-responsive nanojoints which released DOX from VLNPs in a controlled manner. The His-tagged VLNPs conjugated non-covalently with NTA-DOX, and cross-linked with folic acid (FA) were able to specifically target and deliver the DOX into ovarian cancer cells via folate receptor (FR)-mediated endocytosis. The cytotoxicity and cellular uptake results revealed that the His-tagged VLNPs significantly increased the accumulation of DOX in the ovarian cancer cells and enhanced the uptake of DOX, which improved anti-tumour effects. This study demonstrated that NTA-DOX can be easily displayed on His-tagged VLNPs by a simple Add-and-Display step with high coupling efficiency and the drug was only released at low pH in a controlled manner. This approach facilitates specific attachment of any drug molecule on His-tagged VLNPs at the very mild conditions without changing the biological structure and native conformation of the VLNPs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/metabolism*
  2. Fulltext A classical genetic solution to enhance the biosynthesis of anticancer phytochemicals in Andrographis paniculata Nees
    Valdiani A, Talei D, Tan SG, Abdul Kadir M, Maziah M, Rafii MY, et al.
    PLoS One, 2014;9(2):e87034.
    PMID: 24586262 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087034
    Andrographolides, the diterpene lactones, are major bioactive phytochemicals which could be found in different parts of the medicinal herb Andrographis paniculata. A number of such compounds namely andrographolide (AG), neoandrographolide (NAG), and 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide (DDAG) have already attracted a great deal of attention due to their potential therapeutic effects in hard-to-treat diseases such as cancers and HIV. Recently, they have also been considered as substrates for the discovery of novel pharmaceutical compounds. Nevertheless, there is still a huge gap in knowledge on the genetic pattern of the biosynthesis of these bioactive compounds. Hence, the present study aimed to investigate the genetic mechanisms controlling the biosynthesis of these phytochemicals using a diallel analysis. The high performance liquid chromatography analysis of the three andrographolides in 210 F1 progenies confirmed that the biosynthesis of these andrographolides was considerably increased via intraspecific hybridization. The results revealed high, moderate and low heterosis for DDAG, AG and NAG, respectively. Furthermore, the preponderance of non-additive gene actions was affirmed in the enhancement of the three andrographolides contents. The consequence of this type of gene action was the occurrence of high broad-sense and low narrow-sense heritabilities for the above mentioned andrographolides. The prevalence of non-additive gene action suggests the suitability of heterosis breeding and hybrid seed production as a preferred option to produce new plant varieties with higher andrographolide contents using the wild accessions of A. paniculata. Moreover, from an evolutionary point of view, the occurrence of population bottlenecks in the Malaysian accessions of A. paniculata was unveiled by observing a low level of additive genetic variance (VA ) for all the andrographolides.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/metabolism*
  3. A newly isolated probiotic Enterococcus faecalis strain from vagina microbiota enhances apoptosis of human cancer cells
    Nami Y, Abdullah N, Haghshenas B, Radiah D, Rosli R, Yari Khosroushahi A
    J Appl Microbiol, 2014 Aug;117(2):498-508.
    PMID: 24775273 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12531
    This study aimed to describe probiotic properties and bio-therapeutic effects of newly isolated Enterococcus faecalis from the human vaginal tract.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/metabolism
  4. Anticancer activity of 3-O-acylated betulinic acid derivatives obtained by enzymatic synthesis
    Ahmad FB, Ghaffari Moghaddam M, Basri M, Abdul Rahman MB
    Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 2010;74(5):1025-9.
    PMID: 20460723
    An easy and efficient strategy to prepare betulinic acid esters with various anhydrides was used by the enzymatic synthesis method. It involves lipase-catalyzed acylation of betulinic acid with anhydrides as acylating agents in organic solvent. Lipase from Candida antarctica immobilized on an acrylic resin (Novozym 435) was employed as a biocatalyst. Several 3-O-acyl-betulinic acid derivatives were successfully obtained by this procedure. The anticancer activity of betulinic acid and its 3-O-acylated derivatives were then evaluated in vitro against human lung carcinoma (A549) and human ovarian (CAOV3) cancer cell lines. 3-O-glutaryl-betulinic acid, 3-O-acetyl-betulinic acid, and 3-O-succinyl-betulinic acid showed IC(50)<10 microg/ml against A549 cancer cell line tested and showed better cytotoxicity than betulinic acid. In an ovarian cancer cell line, all betulinic acid derivatives prepared showed weaker cytotoxicity than betulinic acid.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/metabolism
  5. Fulltext Anticancer and antitumor potential of fucoidan and fucoxanthin, two main metabolites isolated from brown algae
    Zorofchian Moghadamtousi S, Karimian H, Khanabdali R, Razavi M, Firoozinia M, Zandi K, et al.
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:768323.
    PMID: 24526922 DOI: 10.1155/2014/768323
    Seaweed is one of the largest producers of biomass in marine environment and is a rich arsenal of active metabolites and functional ingredients with valuable beneficial health effects. Being a staple part of Asian cuisine, investigations on the crude extracts of Phaeophyceae or brown algae revealed marked antitumor activity, eliciting a variety of research to determine the active ingredients involved in this potential. The sulfated polysaccharide of fucoidan and carotenoid of fucoxanthin were found to be the most important active metabolites of brown algae as potential chemotherapeutic or chemopreventive agents. This review strives to provide detailed account of all current knowledge on the anticancer and antitumor activity of fucoidan and fucoxanthin as the two major metabolites isolated from brown algae.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/metabolism*
  6. Are There Any Other Compounds Isolated From Dermacoccus spp at All?
    AlMatar M, Eldeeb M, Makky EA, Köksal F, Var I, Kayar B
    Curr Microbiol, 2017 Jan;74(1):132-144.
    PMID: 27785553 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-016-1152-3
    Microbial-derived natural products have functional and structural diversity and complexity. For several decades, they have provided the basic foundation for most drugs available to modern medicine. Microbial-derived natural products have wide-ranging applications, especially as chemotherapeutics for various diseases and disorders. By exploring distinct microorganisms in different environments, small novel bioactive molecules with unique functionalities and biological or biomedical significance can be identified. Aquatic environments, such as oceans or seas, are considered to be sources of abundant novel bioactive compounds. Studies on marine microorganisms have revealed that several bioactive compounds extracted from marine algae and invertebrates are eventually generated by their associated bacteria. These findings have prompted intense research interest in discovering novel compounds from marine microorganisms. Natural products derived from Dermacoccus exhibit antibacterial, antitumor, antifungal, antioxidant, antiviral, antiparasitic, and eventually immunosuppressive bioactivities. In this review, we discussed the diversity of secondary metabolites generated by genus Dermacoccus with respect to their chemical structure, biological activity, and origin. This brief review highlights and showcases the pivotal importance of Dermacoccus-derived natural products and sheds light on the potential venues of discovery of new bioactive compounds from marine microorganisms.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/metabolism
  7. Benzimidazoles as new scaffold of sirtuin inhibitors: green synthesis, in vitro studies, molecular docking analysis and evaluation of their anti-cancer properties
    Yoon YK, Ali MA, Wei AC, Shirazi AN, Parang K, Choon TS
    Eur J Med Chem, 2014 Aug 18;83:448-54.
    PMID: 24992072 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.06.060
    Two series of novel benzimidazole derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their SIRT1 and SIRT2 inhibitory activity. Among the newly synthesized compounds, compound 4j displayed the best inhibitory activity for SIRT1 (IC50 = 54.21 μM) as well as for SIRT2 (IC50 = 26.85 μM). Cell proliferation assay showed that compound 4j possessed good antitumor activity against three different types of cancer cells derived from colon (HCT-116), breast (MDA-MB-468) and blood-leukemia (CCRF-CEM) with cell viability of 40.0%, 53.2% and 27.2% respectively at 50 μM. Docking analysis of representative compound 4j into SIRT2 indicated that the interaction with receptor was primarily due to hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking interactions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/metabolism
  8. Binding of an anticancer drug, axitinib to human serum albumin: Fluorescence quenching and molecular docking study
    Tayyab S, Izzudin MM, Kabir MZ, Feroz SR, Tee WV, Mohamad SB, et al.
    J. Photochem. Photobiol. B, Biol., 2016 Sep;162:386-94.
    PMID: 27424099 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.06.049
    Binding characteristics of a promising anticancer drug, axitinib (AXT) to human serum albumin (HSA), the major transport protein in human blood circulation, were studied using fluorescence, UV-vis absorption and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy as well as molecular docking analysis. A gradual decrease in the Stern-Volmer quenching constant with increasing temperature revealed the static mode of the protein fluorescence quenching upon AXT addition, thus confirmed AXT-HSA complex formation. This was also confirmed from alteration in the UV-vis spectrum of HSA upon AXT addition. Fluorescence quenching titration results demonstrated moderately strong binding affinity between AXT and HSA based on the binding constant value (1.08±0.06×10(5)M(-1)), obtained in 10mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH7.4 at 25°C. The sign and magnitude of the enthalpy change (∆H=-8.38kJmol(-1)) as well as the entropy change (∆S=+68.21Jmol(-1)K(-1)) clearly suggested involvement of both hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding in AXT-HSA complex formation. These results were well supported by molecular docking results. Three-dimensional fluorescence spectral results indicated significant microenvironmental changes around Trp and Tyr residues of HSA upon complexation with AXT. AXT binding to the protein produced significant alterations in both secondary and tertiary structures of HSA, as revealed from the far-UV and the near-UV CD spectral results. Competitive drug displacement results obtained with phenylbutazone (site I marker), ketoprofen (site II marker) and hemin (site III marker) along with molecular docking results suggested Sudlow's site I, located in subdomain IIA of HSA, as the preferred binding site of AXT.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/metabolism*
  9. Biochemical synthesis of silver nanoprticles using filamentous fungi Penicillium decumbens (MTCC-2494) and its efficacy against A-549 lung cancer cell line
    Majeed S, Abdullah MS, Dash GK, Ansari MT, Nanda A
    Chin J Nat Med, 2016 Aug;14(8):615-20.
    PMID: 27608951 DOI: 10.1016/S1875-5364(16)30072-3
    Biosynthesis of silver and other metallic nanoparticles is one of the emerging research area in the field of science and technology due to their potentiality, especially in the field of nano-biotechnology and biomedical sciences in order to develop nanomedicine. In our present study, Penicillium decumbens (MTCC-2494) was brought from Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH) Chandigarh and employed for extracellular biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Ag-NPs formation was appeared with a dark brown color inside the conical flask. Characterization of Ag-NPs were done by UV-Spectrophotometric analysis which showed absorption peak at 430 nm determines the presence of nanoparticles, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopic analysis, showed amines and amides are the possible proteins involved in the stabilization of nanoparticles as capping agent. Atomic force Microscopy (AFM) confirmed the particle are spherical, size was around 30 to 60 nm and also the roughness of nanoparticles. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) showed the topology of the nanoparticles and were spherical in shape. The biosynthesis process was found fast, ecofriendly and cost effective. Nano-silver particle was found to have a broad antimicrobial activity and also it showed good enhancement of antimicrobial activity of Carbenicillin, Piperacillin, Cefixime, Amoxicillin, Ofloxacin and Sparfloxacin in a synergistic mode. These Ag-NPs showed good anti-cancer activity at 80 μg·mL(-1)upon 24 hours of incubation and toxicity increases upon 48 hours of incubation against A-549 human lung cancer cell line and the synergistic formulation of the antibiotic with the synthesized nanoparticles was found more effective against the pathogenic bacteria studied.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/metabolism*
  10. Cellular uptake and anticancer effects of mucoadhesive curcumin-containing chitosan nanoparticles
    Chuah LH, Roberts CJ, Billa N, Abdullah S, Rosli R
    Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces, 2014 Apr 1;116:228-36.
    PMID: 24486834 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.01.007
    Curcumin, which is derived from turmeric has gained much attention in recent years for its anticancer activities against various cancers. However, due to its poor absorption, rapid metabolism and elimination, curcumin has a very low oral bioavailability. Therefore, we have formulated mucoadhesive nanoparticles to deliver curcumin to the colon, such that prolonged contact between the nanoparticles and the colon leads to a sustained level of curcumin in the colon, improving the anticancer effect of curcumin on colorectal cancer. The current work entails the ex vivo mucoadhesion study of the formulated nanoparticles and the in vitro effect of mucoadhesive interaction between the nanoparticles and colorectal cancer cells. The ex vivo study showed that curcumin-containing chitosan nanoparticles (CUR-CS-NP) have improved mucoadhesion compared to unloaded chitosan nanoparticles (CS-NP), suggesting that curcumin partly contributes to the mucoadhesion process. This may lead to an enhanced anticancer effect of curcumin when formulated in CUR-CS-NP. Our results show that CUR-CS-NP are taken up to a greater extent by colorectal cancer cells, compared to free curcumin. The prolonged contact offered by the mucoadhesion of CUR-CS-NP onto the cells resulted in a greater reduction in percentage cell viability as well as a lower IC50, indicating a potential improved treatment outcome. The formulation and free curcumin appeared to induce cell apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells, by arresting the cell cycle at G2/M phase. The superior anticancer effects exerted by CUR-CS-NP indicated that this could be a potential treatment for colorectal cancer.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/metabolism*
  11. Characterization of the binding of an anticancer drug, lapatinib to human serum albumin
    Kabir MZ, Mukarram AK, Mohamad SB, Alias Z, Tayyab S
    J. Photochem. Photobiol. B, Biol., 2016 Jul;160:229-39.
    PMID: 27128364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.04.005
    Interaction of a promising anticancer drug, lapatinib (LAP) with the major transport protein in human blood circulation, human serum albumin (HSA) was investigated using fluorescence and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy as well as molecular docking analysis. LAP-HSA complex formation was evident from the involvement of static quenching mechanism, as revealed by the fluorescence quenching data analysis. The binding constant, Ka value in the range of 1.49-1.01×10(5)M(-1), obtained at three different temperatures was suggestive of the intermediate binding affinity between LAP and HSA. Thermodynamic analysis of the binding data (∆H=-9.75kJmol(-1) and ∆S=+65.21Jmol(-1)K(-1)) suggested involvement of both hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding in LAP-HSA interaction, which were in line with the molecular docking results. LAP binding to HSA led to the secondary and the tertiary structural alterations in the protein as evident from the far-UV and the near-UV CD spectral analysis, respectively. Microenvironmental perturbation around Trp and Tyr residues in HSA upon LAP binding was confirmed from the three-dimensional fluorescence spectral results. LAP binding to HSA improved the thermal stability of the protein. LAP was found to bind preferentially to the site III in subdomain IB on HSA, as probed by the competitive drug displacement results and supported by the molecular docking results. The effect of metal ions on the binding constant between LAP and HSA was also investigated and the results showed a decrease in the binding constant in the presence of these metal ions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/metabolism*
  12. Chemokine Like Receptor-1 (CMKLR-1) Receptor: A Potential Therapeutic Target in Management of Chemerin Induced Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Cancer
    Perumalsamy S, Aqilah Mohd Zin NA, Widodo RT, Wan Ahmad WA, Vethakkan SRDB, Huri HZ
    Curr Pharm Des, 2017;23(25):3689-3698.
    PMID: 28625137 DOI: 10.2174/1381612823666170616081256
    BACKGROUND: Chemerin is an adipokine that induces insulin resistance by the mechanism of inflammation in adipose tissue but these are still unclear. A high level of chemerin in humans is considered as a marker of inflammation in insulin resistance and obesity as well as in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Despite the role of chemerin in insulin resistance progression, chemerin as one of the novel adipokines is proposed to be involved in high cancer risk and mortality.

    AIM: The aim of this paper was to review the role of CMKLR-1 receptor and the potential therapeutic target in the management of chemerin induced type 2 diabetes mellitus and cancer.

    PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: Increased chemerin secretion activates an inflammatory response. The inflammatory response will increase the oxidative stress in adipose tissue and consequently results in an insulin-resistant state. The occurrence of inflammation, oxidative stress and insulin resistance leads to the progression of cancers.

    CONCLUSION: Chemerin is one of the markers that may involve in development of both cancer and insulin resistance. Chemokine like receptor- 1 (CMKLR-1) receptor that regulates chemerin levels exhibits a potential therapeutic target for insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and cancer treatment.

    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/metabolism
  13. Comprehensive insight into the binding of sunitinib, a multi-targeted anticancer drug to human serum albumin
    Kabir MZ, Tee WV, Mohamad SB, Alias Z, Tayyab S
    Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc, 2017 Jun 15;181:254-263.
    PMID: 28376387 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.03.059
    Binding studies between a multi-targeted anticancer drug, sunitinib (SU) and human serum albumin (HSA) were made using fluorescence, UV-vis absorption, circular dichroism (CD) and molecular docking analysis. Both fluorescence quenching data and UV-vis absorption results suggested formation of SU-HSA complex. Moderate binding affinity between SU and HSA was evident from the value of the binding constant (3.04×104M-1), obtained at 298K. Involvement of hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds as the leading intermolecular forces in the formation of SU-HSA complex was predicted from the thermodynamic data of the binding reaction. These results were in good agreement with the molecular docking analysis. Microenvironmental perturbations around Tyr and Trp residues as well as secondary and tertiary structural changes in HSA upon SU binding were evident from the three-dimensional fluorescence and circular dichroism results. SU binding to HSA also improved the thermal stability of the protein. Competitive displacement results and molecular docking analysis revealed the binding locus of SU to HSA in subdomain IIA (Sudlow's site I). The influence of a few common ions on the binding constant of SU-HSA complex was also noticed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/metabolism*
  14. Fulltext Computational Screening for the Anticancer Potential of Seed-Derived Antioxidant Peptides: A Cheminformatic Approach
    Chai TT, Koh JA, Wong CC, Sabri MZ, Wong FC
    Molecules, 2021 Dec 06;26(23).
    PMID: 34885982 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237396
    Some seed-derived antioxidant peptides are known to regulate cellular modulators of ROS production, including those proposed to be promising targets of anticancer therapy. Nevertheless, research in this direction is relatively slow owing to the inevitable time-consuming nature of wet-lab experimentations. To help expedite such explorations, we performed structure-based virtual screening on seed-derived antioxidant peptides in the literature for anticancer potential. The ability of the peptides to interact with myeloperoxidase, xanthine oxidase, Keap1, and p47phox was examined. We generated a virtual library of 677 peptides based on a database and literature search. Screening for anticancer potential, non-toxicity, non-allergenicity, non-hemolyticity narrowed down the collection to five candidates. Molecular docking found LYSPH as the most promising in targeting myeloperoxidase, xanthine oxidase, and Keap1, whereas PSYLNTPLL was the best candidate to bind stably to key residues in p47phox. Stability of the four peptide-target complexes was supported by molecular dynamics simulation. LYSPH and PSYLNTPLL were predicted to have cell- and blood-brain barrier penetrating potential, although intolerant to gastrointestinal digestion. Computational alanine scanning found tyrosine residues in both peptides as crucial to stable binding to the targets. Overall, LYSPH and PSYLNTPLL are two potential anticancer peptides that deserve deeper exploration in future.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/metabolism*
  15. Cyclodextrin- and dendrimer-conjugated graphene oxide as a nanocarrier for the delivery of selected chemotherapeutic and photosensitizing agents
    Siriviriyanun A, Tsai YJ, Voon SH, Kiew SF, Imae T, Kiew LV, et al.
    Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2018 Aug 01;89:307-315.
    PMID: 29752102 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.04.020
    In this study, nanohybrid materials consisting of graphene oxide (GO), β‑cyclodextrin (CD) and poly(amido amine) dendrimer (DEN) were successfully prepared by covalent bonding. GO-CD and GO-CD-DEN were found to be potential nanocarriers for anticancer drugs including chemotherapeutics (doxorubicin (DOX), camptothecin (CPT)) and photosensitizer (protoporphyrin IX (PpIX)). GO-CD possessed 1.2 times higher DOX-loading capacity than GO due to inclusion of additional DOX to the CD. The drug loading on GO-CD-DEN increased in the order: DOX 
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/metabolism
  16. Cytochrome P450 2W1 (CYP2W1) - ready for use as the biomarker and drug target for cancer?
    Pan Y, Ong EC
    Xenobiotica, 2017 Oct;47(10):923-932.
    PMID: 27690753 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2016.1244370
    1. This article aims to evaluate the potentials of using cytochrome P450 2W1 (CYP2W1) as a biomarker and a drug target of cancer because of its characteristic cancer-specific expression. 2. Discrepant findings comparing the expression levels of CYP2W1 in cancer and non-cancer samples were reported. In general, the expression followed a developmental pattern. The demethylation status of CpG island and the expression levels of CYP2W1 genes was positively correlated. 3. CYP2W1 was able to activate several procarcinogens, anticancer pro-drugs and to metabolise many endogenous substances including fatty acids and lysophospholipids. 4. CYP2W1 expression level was suggested to serve as an independent prognostic biomarker in colorectal cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. The correlation of genetic polymorphisms of CYP2W1 and cancer risk was uncertain. 5. Further characterisation of CYP2W1 structure is suggested to link to its functions. More studies are warranted to reveal the true status and the regulation of CYP2W1 expression across normal and cancer tissues. Catalytic activity of CYP2W1 should be tested on a wider spectrum of endogenous and exogenous substances before its use as the drug target. Larger size of clinical samples can be included to verify the potential of CYP2W1 as the prognostic or cancer risk biomarker.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/metabolism*
  17. Emerging potential of stimulus-responsive nanosized anticancer drug delivery systems for systemic applications
    Ruttala HB, Ramasamy T, Madeshwaran T, Hiep TT, Kandasamy U, Oh KT, et al.
    Arch Pharm Res, 2018 Feb;41(2):111-129.
    PMID: 29214601 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-017-0995-x
    The development of novel drug delivery systems based on well-defined polymer therapeutics has led to significant improvements in the treatment of multiple disorders. Advances in material chemistry, nanotechnology, and nanomedicine have revolutionized the practices of drug delivery. Stimulus-responsive material-based nanosized drug delivery systems have remarkable properties that allow them to circumvent biological barriers and achieve targeted intracellular drug delivery. Specifically, the development of novel nanocarrier-based therapeutics is the need of the hour in managing complex diseases. In this review, we have briefly described the fundamentals of drug targeting to diseased tissues, physiological barriers in the human body, and the mechanisms/modes of drug-loaded carrier systems. To that end, this review serves as a comprehensive overview of the recent developments in stimulus-responsive drug delivery systems, with focus on their potential applications and impact on the future of drug delivery.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/metabolism
  18. Enhanced nanocurcumin toxicity against (PC3) tumor and microbial by using magnetic field in vitro
    Aldahoun MA, Jaafar MS, Al-Akhras MH, Bououdina M
    Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol, 2017 Jun;45(4):843-853.
    PMID: 27137748 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2016.1178137
    Curcumin is more soluble in ethanol, dimethylsulfoxide, methanol and acetone than in water. In this study, nanocurcumin combined with 8 mT AC static magnetic field was used to enhance cellular uptake, bioavailability, and ultimate efficiency of curcumin against prostate cancer cell line (PC3), four bacteria strains (two Gram positive: Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and two Gram negative: Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853), mammalian cell line (HEK) and human erythrocytes (RBC). The efficiency (E%) between IC50 of nanocurcumin combined with magnetic field (NANOCUR-MF) and control against PC3 was 35.93%, which is three times higher compared to curcumin combined with magnetic field (CUR-MF); i.e., 10.77%. However, their E% against HEK was not significant; 1.4% for NANOCUR-MF and 1.95% for CUR-MF. Moreover, depending in minimum bacterial concentration (MBC), the use of MF leads to a reduction of MBCs for all tested bacteria compared with control. The obtained results established the applicability of (MF) in enhancing cellular uptake for PC3 and tested bacteria strains by increasing the penetration of drug (nanocurcumin and parent curcumin) into cell with fixing mild cytotoxic profile for HEK and RBC.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/metabolism
  19. Fulltext Enhancement of the production of L-glutaminase, an anticancer enzyme, from Aeromonas veronii by adaptive and induced mutation techniques
    Jesuraj SAV, Sarker MMR, Ming LC, Praya SMJ, Ravikumar M, Wui WT
    PLoS One, 2017;12(8):e0181745.
    PMID: 28813436 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181745
    Microbial anti-cancer enzymes have been proven to be effective and economical agents for cancer treatment. Aeromonas veronii has been identified as a microorganism with the potential to produce L-glutaminase, an anticancer agent effective against acute lymphocytic leukaemia. In this study, a selective medium of Aeromonas veronii was used to culture the microorganism. Strain improvement was done by adaptive and induced mutational techniques. A selective minimal agar media was incorporated for the growth of the strain which further supports adaptive mutation. Strains were also UV-irradiated and successively treated with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine to find a resilient strain capable of producing L-glutaminase efficiently. The Plackett-Burman design and central composite designs were used to screen and optimize additional carbon and nitrogen sources. Adaptive mutation resulted in promising yield improvements compared to native strain (P<0.001). The mean yield of 30 treated colonies from the induced mutation was significantly increased compared to the non-induced strain (P< 0.001). The economically feasible statistical designs were found to reinforce each other in order to maximize the yield of the enzyme. The interactions of nutrient factors were understood from the 3D response surface plots. The model was found to be a perfect fit in terms of maximizing enzyme yield, with the productivity improving at every stage to a fourfold output of enzyme (591.11 ±7.97 IU/mL) compared to the native strain (135±3.51 IU/mL).
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/metabolism*
  20. Fulltext First report on a novel Nigrospora sphaerica isolated from Catharanthus roseus plant with anticarcinogenic properties
    Ayob FW, Simarani K, Zainal Abidin N, Mohamad J
    Microb Biotechnol, 2017 Jul;10(4):926-932.
    PMID: 28612376 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12603
    This paper reports on the vinca alkaloid produced by a novel Nigrospora sphaerica isolated from Catharanthus roseus. Through liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS), only the crude mycelia extract of this fungus was positive for determination of vinblastine. This vinca alkaloid was then purified by using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and tested for cytotoxicity activity using MTT assays. The breast cell line cancer (MDA-MB 231) was treated with a purified vinblastine which was intracellulary produced by N. sphaerica. The purified vinblastine from extracted leaf of C. roseus was used as a standard comparison. A positive result with a value of half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50 ) of > 32 μg ml-1 was observed compared with standard (IC50 ) of 350 μg ml-1 only. It showed that a vinblastine produced by N. sphaerica has a high cytotoxicity activity even though the concentration of vinblastine produced by this endophytic fungus was only 0.868 μg ml-1 .
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/metabolism*
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