Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 81 in total

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  1. Fulltext The role of by laws in shaping the community's personality
    Suzei Mat Nurudin, Nor Suhaiza Md Khalid, Zarina Mohd Zain
    Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2018;3(3):117-121.
    MyJurnal
    The local government is the closest government to the local community and identified as the third level
    of government after the state and federal governments. Each local government has their own power to
    enact by-laws under their respective administration. By-laws is a formulation of the law under the
    jurisdiction of local government in performing its duties and functions covering the administrative area
    that has been identified by the state government. Some of the by-laws play a part in shaping the
    personality of the community, especially in local government areas which are quite different approach
    such as Kota Bharu Municipal Council of Islamic Cities (MPKB-BRI). By-laws implemented by
    MPKB-BRI are very different compared to other states in Malaysia which is the provisions of the bylaws
    that suggests the aurat closure and appropriate clothing among traders, business premises owners
    and local communities. The purpose of this study is to review the extent of the by-laws implemented by
    MPKB-BRI to influence and shaping the personality of the local community in Kota Bharu district,
    Kelantan.
    Matched MeSH terms: Clothing
  2. Fulltext A comparative study of yttrium doped ceria ceramics synthesized using mechanochemical and solid state methods
    Taufiq-Yap, Y. H., Ong, P. S., Zainal, Z.
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2014;22(1):35-42.
    MyJurnal
    In this work, 10 mol% yttrium-doped ceria powders, Ce0.9Y0.1O1.95, were synthesised using a new mechanical technique, mechanochemical reaction, in which both impact action and shearing forces were applied for efficient fine grinding, subsequently leading to higher homogeneity of the resultant powders. Ce0.9Y0.1O1.95 prepared using this new technique was systematically compared with a sample of the same prepared using conventional solid-state methodology. X-ray diffraction analysis showed all prepared samples were single phase with a cubic fluorite structure. Generally, Y2O3-doped CeO2 electrolytes prepared by mechanochemical reactions were stable at a lower temperature (1100 °C) compared with a sample of the same synthesised using the conventional solid-state method. Characterisations using differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed no thermal changes and phase transitions, indicating all materials were thermally stable. The electrical properties of the samples investigated by AC impedance spectroscopy in the temperature range 200–800 ˚C are presented and discussed. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study the morphology of the materials. Fine-grained powders with uniform grain-size distribution were obtained from the mechanochemical reaction.
    Matched MeSH terms: Clothing
  3. Definitions, attitudes, and management practices in relation to diarrhea during enteral nutrition: a survey of patients, nurses, and dietitians
    Majid HA, Emery PW, Whelan K
    Nutr Clin Pract, 2012 Apr;27(2):252-60.
    PMID: 22223668 DOI: 10.1177/0884533611431986
    Diarrhea is a common complication in patients receiving enteral nutrition (EN), and understanding this problem among patients and healthcare professionals is required. The aim of the study was to investigate patients', nurses', and dietitians' definitions of diarrhea during EN, the attitudes of nurses and patients toward it, and the management practices of nurses and dietitians in response to diarrhea during EN.
    Matched MeSH terms: Clothing
  4. Perceptions on radioprotective garment usage and underlying reasons for non-adherence among medical radiation workers from public hospitals in a middle-income Asian setting: A qualitative exploration
    Mohd Ridzwan SF, Bhoo-Pathy N, Isahak M, Wee LH
    Heliyon, 2019 Sep;5(9):e02478.
    PMID: 31687573 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02478
    Background: Radioprotective garments protect medical radiation workers from exposure to radiation at workplace. However, previous studies have found poor adherence to the use of radioprotective garments.

    Objectives: We explored the perceptions and practices related to the use of radioprotective garments among medical radiation workers in public hospitals, and sought to understand the reasons for non-adherence.

    Design and setting: A qualitative approach was applied by conducting face-to-face in-depth interviews with 18 medical radiation workers from three university hospitals using a semi-structured interview guide.

    Results: Five themes emerged with respect to perceptions on the use of radioprotective garments: (i) the dilemmas in practising radiation protection, (ii) indication of workers' credibility, (iii) physical appearance of radioprotective garments, (iv) practicality of radioprotective garment use, and (v) impact on workflow. Actual lack of radioprotective garment use was attributed to inadequate number of thyroid shield and other garments, radioprotective garments' unsightly appearance including being dirty and defective, impracticality of using radioprotective garments for some nuclear medicine procedures, disruption of workflow because of workers' limited movements, attitudes of workers, and organisational influences.

    Conclusion: Medical radiation workers demonstrated a definitive practice of using radioprotective aprons, but often neglected to use thyroid shields and other garments. Availability and hygiene are reported as the core issues, while unclear guidelines on practical use of radioprotective garments appear to lead to confusion among medical radiation workers. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first qualitative study of its kind from a middle-income Asian setting.

    Matched MeSH terms: Protective Clothing
  5. Fulltext Performance of high strength concrete specimens with square section using steel strapping tensioning technique
    Hoong-Pin Lee, Abdullah Zawawi Awang, Wahid Omar
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2017;25(105):235-244.
    MyJurnal
    High strength concrete (HSC) has lower ductility, but higher in strength compared to normal strength concretes. The strength and ductility of HSC can be improved by applying external confinement, such as steel strapping tensioning technique (SSTT). However, SSTT was literately reported effective in confining circular specimens, but the effectiveness of SSTT on square cross section specimens are yet well investigated. This study focuses on HSC square cross section specimens with different corner ratio, which were right angle and rounded corner. In addition, the effect of different number of layer of steel straps confining around the specimens under optimum lateral pre-tensioning stress also been investigated. The number of layers was fixed to two layers and four layers. Fifteen HSC specimens with dimension of 88 mm x 88 mm x 200 mm, which consist of three unconfined specimens, six right angle specimens, and six rounded corner specimens were prepared and tested monotonically to failure. The experimental results show that the strength and ductility of HSC improved significantly by using rounded corner confined specimens and higher number of layer of confinements. This is due to more uniform confining pressure was exerted on entire surface of rounded corner confined specimens. The strength and ductility of the specimens can be improved up to 53.7% and 207.5% respectively.
    Matched MeSH terms: Clothing
  6. Is the hijab protective? An investigation of body image and related constructs among British Muslim women
    Swami V, Miah J, Noorani N, Taylor D
    Br J Psychol, 2014 Aug;105(3):352-63.
    PMID: 25040005 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12045
    Previous studies have reported equivocal findings concerning the impact of wearing a hijab, or Islamic head- and body-cover, on Muslim women's body image. Here, we sought to examine that impact using a larger sample of Muslim women than has been relied upon and a wider range of body image measures. A total of 587 British Muslim women completed a battery of scales assessing their frequency and conservativeness of hijab use, body image variables, attitudes towards the media and beauty ideals, importance of appearance, and religiosity. Preliminary results indicated that 218 women never used the hijab and 369 women used some form of the hijab at least rarely. Controlling for religiosity, women who wore the hijab had more positive body image, lower internalization of media messages about beauty standards, and placed less importance on appearance than women who did not wear the hijab. Among women who wore the hijab, hijab use significantly predicted weight discrepancy and body appreciation over and above religiosity. These results are discussed in terms of the possible protective impact among British Muslim women of wearing the hijab.
    Matched MeSH terms: Clothing/psychology*
  7. Fulltext Student, Teacher, and School Counselor Perceptions of National School Uniforms in Malaysia
    Woo JM, Tam CL, Bonn GB, Tagg B
    Front Psychol, 2020;11:1871.
    PMID: 32849098 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01871
    The national school uniform remained a requirement for all primary and secondary school students in Malaysia since its first introduction by the British missionaries in the nineteenth century. Although it is commonly thought that wearing uniforms improve cohesion among students, little research has been done to investigate the perception of national school uniforms and perceived cohesion among Malaysian students. The aim of the current study is to explore the experiences of former students, teachers and school counselors in relation to Malaysia's national school uniform policy, their influence on student life, and their relationship to school and national cohesion. Three studies were conducted. In Study 1, Malaysian secondary school graduates (N = 192) completed a self-report questionnaire with close and open-ended questions. In Study 2 and study 3, secondary school teachers (N = 10) and school counselors (N = 6) participated in semi-structured interviews, respectively. Although students felt the uniforms were unattractive, they had neutral to somewhat positive feelings about them overall. They did not report greater school cohesion or national identity related to uniforms but did report that uniforms lessened the importance of socioeconomic and other differences. Teachers and counselors reported similar views; they did not perceive much influence on national or school identity but did see advantages in terms of discipline and the lessening of student inequality. Generally, teachers and counselors were in favor of school uniforms but some suggested that uniform designs could be more culturally inclusive, particularly in regard to Muslim and non-Muslim students. Limitations of using non-representative sampling and future direction for Malaysian school uniforms were discussed. This study highlights the important characteristics that should be taken into consideration by educators and policymakers for future improvement of the national school uniform policy in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Clothing
  8. Decomposition process and post mortem changes: review
    Teo Chee Hau, Noor Hazfalinda Hamzah, Hing Hiang Lian, Sri Pawita Albakri Amir Hamzah
    Sains Malaysiana, 2014;43:1873-1882.
    Decomposition is degradation process of a corpse into basic respective constituents macroscopically and microscopically by action of microorganisms, arthropods and scavengers. Post mortem changes could be separated into early post mortem changes (i.e. algor mortis, rigor mortis and livor mortis) and putrefaction stages of corpse. These changes function as suitable indicators for determination of post mortem interval (PMI). In this paper, different stages of post mortem changes, possible variations such as mummification and formation of adipocere and special circumstances such as burial condition is discussed. This article also refers to several arguments in the different texture of adipocere and the influence of different types of fabric in affecting the post mortem changes and formation of adipocere. This is largely due to the property of permeability and resistance of material against degradation process. Undeniably, decomposition process involves numerous potential variables including burial condition, presence of clothing, potential formation of adipocere and mummification. Hence, studies in forensic taphonomy combined with real case scenario are crucial in understanding the nature of decomposition and estimation of PMI with higher accuracy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Clothing
  9. Ingested pins - A potential hazard for hijabis: A case report
    Siti Soraya AR
    Med J Malaysia, 2020 01;75(1):78-79.
    PMID: 32008026
    Accidental swallowing of objects commonly occurs among children and most of the objects pass through the gastrointestinal tract and out with the stool without any complications. However, recent reports have shown that there is an increasing occurrence of accidental ingestion of hijab pins among young hijab-wearing Muslim women or "hijabi". We highlight one such case, in which a young lady accidentally swallowed a pin that she was holding between her lips while she was styling her hijab. The pin was not successfully retrieved via endoscopy but was fortunately excreted spontaneously without any serious complications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Clothing
  10. Fulltext Development of an anthropometry database for the malaysian population: problems and challenges
    Rosnah Mohd. Yusuff, Siti Zawiah Md. Dawal, Dian D.I. Daruis, Siti Nurani Hassan
    Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2016;16(20):36-43.
    MyJurnal
    Ergonomics is generally to design for human use and optimizing the working and living conditions. The comfort, safety and ease of use of systems, products and machines require the principles of ergonomics to be incorporated into the design. Anthropometry is a part of ergonomics which deals with the measurement of body dimensions, its capability and limitations of the human ability. Studies have indicated that body dimensions differ for various populations, depending on ethnic group, sex and age. The measurement of physical characteristics and abilities of people provides information that is essential for the appropriate design of occupational and non- occupational environments, as well as for the design of consumer products, clothing, tools and equipment. It has been considered as the very basic core of ergonomics in an attempt to resolve the dilemma of 'fitting people to machines'. It has also been regarded as a branch of anthropology which deals with physical characteristics of the man in time and space, particularly with individual variation, ontogenesis and generic development. Knowledge about man from the point of view of physical anthropometry is very useful for the purpose of ergonomics and design. Thus it is important that an anthropometric database for each nation is developed to ensure design of products and systems are compatible with the user population. In Malaysia, many researchers have conducted anthropometric studies on various groups of people, focused on a small sample size and used for specific designs. Unfortunately, the measurements are not representatives of the population. The work has been individually based, confined to certain group of researchers in various universities and there is no concerted effort towards developing a national anthropometric database.This paper discusses some of the anthropometry work conducted in Malaysia, the problems and challenges in developing the national database, the importance of anthropometry and the roles that the government has to play in developing the database.
    Matched MeSH terms: Clothing
  11. Fulltext Mondor’s disease
    Siti Kamariah, C.M.
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2011;10(1):47-49.
    MyJurnal
    A Mondor’s disease is a rare, benign and self-limiting condition. It is due to thrombophlebitis of the superficial veins of the breast and chest wall. It usually occurs in middle-aged women who present with a palpable cordlike structure, often painful in the acute phase. The aetiology is unknown, and may be related to trauma, surgery, infection or tight clothing. The finding of a superficial vessel seen as a linear opacity on mammography and a tubular structure on ultrasound is typical. An intra-luminal thrombus may be seen on ultrasound, and there may be absent flow on Doppler imaging. Conservative treatment is usually instituted, although surgery may be indicated in certain circumstances.
    Matched MeSH terms: Clothing
  12. Fulltext Application of computer vision in the detection of chilling injury in bananas
    Norhashila Hashim, Rimfiel B. Janius, Russly Abdul Rahman, Azizah Osman, Zude, Manuela, Shitan, Mahendran
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2013;21(1):111-118.
    MyJurnal
    Bananas were chilled at 6oC and the appearance of brown spots when exposed to ambient air, a
    phenomenon known as chilling injury (CI), was detected using computer vision. The system consisted of a digital colour camera for acquiring images, an illumination set-up for uniform lighting, a computer for receiving, storing and displaying of images and software for analyzing the images. The RGB colour space values of the images were transformed into that of HSI colour space which is intuitive to human vision. Visual assessment of CI by means of a browning scale was used as a reference and correlation between this reference values and hue was investigated. Results of the computer vision study successfully demonstrate the potential of the system in substituting visual assessment in the evaluation of CI in bananas. The results indicate significant influence, at α=0.05, of treatment days and temperature on hue. A strong correlation was also found between hue and visual assessment with R>0.85.
    Matched MeSH terms: Clothing
  13. New Zealand Malayan war veterans' exposure to dibutylphthalate is associated with an increased incidence of cryptorchidism, hypospadias and breast cancer in their children
    Carran M, Shaw IC
    N Z Med J, 2012;125(1358):52-63.
    PMID: 22864157
    It is well known that the endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) dibutylphthalate (DBP) inhibits testosterone synthesis and can lead to feminisation in male laboratory animals. Moreover, it has long been speculated that human exposure would result in the similar effects, but this is difficult to study because specific human exposure cohorts are rare. We report increases in the incidences of hypospadias (p<0.05), cryptorchidism (p<0.05) and breast cancer (p<0.05) in the children of New Zealand soldiers who served in Malaya (1948-1960) and were exposed to DBP applied daily to their clothing as an acaricide to prevent tick-transmitted bush typhus. In addition, we modelled absorption of DBP from the soldiers' clothing and using published data for skin absorption, and calculated a large theoretical absorbed dose of 64 mg/kg body weight/day which is similar to DBP's lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) of 50 mg/kg body weight/day and thus indicates a biological effect is possible. This is the first report of a multigenerational developmental effect following DBP exposure in human males.
    Matched MeSH terms: Clothing
  14. Wireless gyroscope suit for gait stability estimation
    Gouwanda D, Senanayake NA
    Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc, 2011;2011:7824-8.
    PMID: 22256153 DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2011.6091928
    Gait stability is primary in assessing individuals with high risk of falling, particularly the elderly. Custom made self-adjustable wireless gyroscope suit is used as a sensing device to quantify gait stability. A nonlinear time series analysis i.e. maximum Lyapunov exponent (λ*) was employed to estimate the short term and long term stability and it is closely related to the ability of human neuro-muscular control system in maintaining gait stability. Experimental analysis and tests validated the efficacy of this novel approach. The results achieved are comparable with the findings of multiple kinematic and dynamic parameters derived from optical motion capture system and force platform which are widely used as gold standard.
    Matched MeSH terms: Clothing*
  15. Fulltext Effects of Mg and Cu dopants on the properties of zinc oxide nanorod arrays
    Malek, M.F., Mamat, M.H., Ismail, A.S., Mohamed, R., Salifairus, M.J., Khusaimi, Z., et al.
    Science Letters, 2016;11(2):36-40.
    MyJurnal
    We had successfully synthesised Mg-doped zinc oxide (MZO) and Cudoped zinc oxide (CZO) nanorod arrays (NRAs) on Al-doped ZnO (ZAO)-coated glass substrates using immersion method and investigated their structural properties. With the incorporation of the Mg dopant, the length and crystallinity of MZO NRAs is higher compared to that of the CZO NRAs. The average optical transmittance of MZO NRAs was slightly lower than that of the CZO NRAs over the visible wavelength region. With the incorporation of the Cu dopant, the morphology of the CZO sample was slightly different from that of the MZO NRAs. The CZO NRAs present granular with small sphere shape. On the other hand, the MZO NRAs exhibit a hexagonal shape structure with a flat-top facet. Rods with a diameter of 58.9-96.7 nm were uniformly grown on the ZAO-coated glass substrate. This paper presents the growth behaviors of the MZO and CZO NRAs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Clothing
  16. Fulltext Scanning Electron Microscopic Examination of Root Canal Walls of Deciduous Molars with Necrotic Pulp
    Rusmah, M.
    Ann Dent, 1995;2(1):-.
    MyJurnal
    The root canal walls of twenty -five deciduous molar teeth with exposed and necrotic pulps were examined using thescanning electronmicroscope. Immediately after extraction, all teeth were fixed in Kamosky's solution. The coronal portion of the tooth was sectioned at about 2mm above the enamel cemental junction.The mesial and distal roots were separat~d and either split in the mesio-distal or bucco-lingual direction. All specimens were prepared for SEM. Obsevations showed that all roots were infected with organisms consisting of cocciand short rods. Some of the coccihad penetrated the dentine layer. However, the distribution of organisms is. not uniform throughout thecanals. Bacterialinvasion ismostinthecoronal region and reduces towards the apical region: Accompanying bacterial invasion is root canal walls deterioration. The odontoblastic processes are the first to deteriorate followed by the predentine layer.
    Matched MeSH terms: Clothing
  17. National paediatric core curriculum to national undergraduate medical curriculum
    Alam Sher Malik, Rukhsana Hussain Malik
    Malaysian Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2005;14(1):5-13.
    MyJurnal
    The medical education should be tailored to deal with the diseases the physician is most likely to see.' With expectations that all the graduates from Malaysian Medical Schools should be able to serve anywhere in the country, the need for a national curriculum is self-evident. It may be argued that the public must have confidence in the competence of the practitioners they depend upon irrespective of the school from which they had graduated. In smaller countries in which health needs are uniform the graduates of any school should have been trained to meet those needs. In larger countries and those with geographic diversities and distances (e.g. Malaysia), the curriculum should cover the commonly encountered diverse ailments. If not dealt with care, we may end up with huge load of ever expanding, unmanageable curriculum.
    Matched MeSH terms: Clothing
  18. Fine motor skills and accident proneness of garments workers in Bangladesh
    Muhammad SH, Roy M
    Jurnal Psikologi Malaysia, 2014;olume 28:79-87.
    Accident in an organization is one of the most undesirable phenomenons all over the world. The consequences of accidents in workplace are numerous which include damages of resources and cost of lives of many workers. For example, in 1991 a major disaster occurred in U.S. at triangle Shirtwaist factory, which cost the life of 100 garments workers (Greenwald & Richard, 2005). In Bangladesh accidents in workplace are more frequent and devastating, for which Bangladesh has been criticized severely worldwide. Recently one of those unfortunate phenomenons in Bangladesh was fire at Nimtoli of old Dhaka which cost 117 people burnt alive in June 2010. Another accident took place in Tazreen Fashion, Dhaka in 2012 which caused at least 112 workers either burnt to death or died while trying to escape the blaze. These are the short picture of loss of lives. Yet the losses of resources are not few. Sometimes accidents create threats for human and animal kingdom also by large rate of environmental pollution. For Example, in 2005 devastating Texas City Refinery explosion cost lives of many workers as well as light hydrocarbons concentrated at ground level throughout a large surrounding area which caused long lasting environmental pollution (Baldwin & Lisa, 2008). Furthermore, economic loss cannot also be over looked. A little mistake costs huge loss in assembly line of work. Thus accidents reduce production rate, lessen the quality of product and the reputation of industry also.
    Matched MeSH terms: Clothing
  19. Effects of radiation on free convection from a heated horizontal circular cylinder in the presence of heat generation
    Zainuddin N, Saleh H, Hashim I, Roslan R
    Sains Malaysiana, 2016;45:315-321.
    Effects of radiation on free convection about a heated horizontal circular cylinder in the presence of heat generation is investigated numerically. The cylinder is fixed and immersed in a stationary fluid, in which the temperature is uniformly heated about the temperature of the surrounding fluid. The governing equations are transformed into dimensionless non-linear partial differential equations and solved by employing a finite difference method. An implicit finite difference scheme of Crank Nicolson method is used to analyze the results. This study determined the effects of radiation parameter, heat generation parameter, and the Prandtl number, on the temperature and velocity profiles. The results of the local heat transfer and skin-friction coefficient in the presence of radiation for some selected values of and are shown graphically.
    Matched MeSH terms: Clothing
  20. Fulltext Development of physical workload and heat stress questionnaire for construction industry in Malaysia
    Solehan Imran Shariffudin, Jafri Mohd. Rohani, Mohd Firdaus Mohd Taib, Roseni Abd. Aziz
    Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 2016;13(2):93-97.
    MyJurnal
    Geographically, Malaysia is situated in the equatorial region, thus having a climate of hot and humid throughout the
    year. Effect of heat stress and physical work load at construction industry need to be investigated because of the high number of
    accidents. Thus, perception of physical workload and heat stress by the construction workers in Malaysia needed to be investigated
    and documented. The aim of this paper is to establish a set of questionnaires containing the item generation regarding on physical
    workload and the heat stress perception of construction workers. Physical workload factors such as fatigue, risks, concentration,
    work rhythm, responsibility, satisfaction, and autonomy are inserted as the items in assessing the physical workload. While heat
    stress are assessed using heat risk factors such as temperature, humidity, heat radiation, air movement, workload, clothing and
    acclimatisation. A questionnaire has been developed resulted from various reviewing of literatures on physical workload and heat
    stress and better suited to the Malaysia working environment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Clothing
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