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Fulltext Compound-specific isotope analysis of diesel fuels in a forensic investigation

Muhammad SA, Frew RD, Hayman AR

Front Chem, 2015;3:12.
PMID: 25774366 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2015.00012

Compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA) offers great potential as a tool to provide chemical evidence in a forensic investigation. Many attempts to trace environmental oil spills were successful where isotopic values were particularly distinct. However, difficulties arise when a large data set is analyzed and the isotopic differences between samples are subtle. In the present study, discrimination of diesel oils involved in a diesel theft case was carried out to infer the relatedness of the samples to potential source samples. This discriminatory analysis used a suite of hydrocarbon diagnostic indices, alkanes, to generate carbon and hydrogen isotopic data of the compositions of the compounds which were then processed using multivariate statistical analyses to infer the relatedness of the data set. The results from this analysis were put into context by comparing the data with the δ(13)C and δ(2)H of alkanes in commercial diesel samples obtained from various locations in the South Island of New Zealand. Based on the isotopic character of the alkanes, it is suggested that diesel fuels involved in the diesel theft case were distinguishable. This manuscript shows that CSIA when used in tandem with multivariate statistical analysis provide a defensible means to differentiate and source-apportion qualitatively similar oils at the molecular level. This approach was able to overcome confounding challenges posed by the near single-point source of origin, i.e., the very subtle differences in isotopic values between the samples.
Fulltext Conceptual design of natural composite grating platform

Ahmad Fuad Ab Ghani, Mohamad Kamarul Anwar Sahar, Muhammad Ridzuan Husyairi Azmi, Nurul Izzati Medon, Muhammad Syazwan Samsuri, Muhammad Syurabil Abdani

Malaysian Journal of Applied Sciences, 2018;1(2):62-70.
MyJurnal

There are several types of grating, such as platform, bridge decks and filters. In design process, there
are several important terms that have to be prioritised; engineering design, strength to weight ratio, cost,
maintainability, reparability etcetera. Advanced materials, such as composite materials offer great
strength to weight ratio and high mechanical properties for grating fabrication. Furthermore the
reparability and maintenance problems could be solved as it is anti corrosion and the long service life
attribute of composite makes it a great design material for replacement of conventional steel or
aluminium. Bio composites, such as bamboo and coir fiber yield advantage in terms of less cost and
abundance availability compared to commercial unidirectional composite materials, such as glass fiber
reinforced polymer (GFRP) and carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) which is considerably
expensive yet possess higher mechanical properties. This papers presents a conceptual design of
grating design utilizing bamboo composite as material. Pugh method has been chosen as design criteria
selection matrix in finalizing the design of industrial grating for scaffolding (Pugh, 1991).
Fulltext Home Blood Pressure Monitoring Has Similar Effects on Office Blood Pressure and Medication Compliance as Usual Care

Muhammad J, Jamial MM, Ishak A

Korean J Fam Med, 2019 Sep;40(5):335-343.
PMID: 30636386 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.18.0026

BACKGROUND: Home blood pressure monitoring is recommended to achieve controlled blood pressure. This study evaluated home blood pressure monitoring-improvement of office blood pressure control and treatment compliance among hypertensive patients.
METHODS: A randomized controlled trial was conducted from December 2014 to April 2015. The home blood pressure monitoring group used an automatic blood pressure device along with standard hypertension outpatient care. Patients were seen at baseline and after 2 months. Medication adherence was measured using a novel validated Medication Adherence Scale (MAS) questionnaire. Office blood pressure and MAS were recorded at both visits. The primary outcomes included evaluation of mean office blood pressure and MAS within groups and between groups at baseline and after 2 months.
RESULTS: Mean changes in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and MAS differed significantly within groups. The home blood pressure monitoring group showed greater mean changes (SBP 17.6 mm Hg, DBP 9.5 mm Hg, MAS 1.5 vs. SBP 14.3 mm Hg, DBP 6.4 mm Hg, MAS 1.3), while between group comparisons showed no significant differences across all variables. The adjusted mean difference for mean SBP was 4.74 (95% confidence interval [CI], -0.65 to 10.13 mm Hg; P=0.084), mean DBP was 1.41 (95% CI, -2.01 to 4.82 mm Hg; P=0.415), and mean MAS was 0.05 (95% CI, -0.29 to 0.40 mm Hg; P=0.768).
CONCLUSION: Short-term home blood pressure monitoring significantly reduced office blood pressure and improved medication adherence, albeit similarly to standard care.
A review of the genus Changiola (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Pteroplistinae) and description of the first species from Borneo

Tan MK, Muhammad AA, Robillard T

Zootaxa, 2021 Mar 05;4941(1):zootaxa.4941.1.6.
PMID: 33756951 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4941.1.6

The taxonomy of the little-known cricket genus Changiola from the subfamily Pteroplistinae is reviewed here. This genus consisted of three species, two from Malay Peninsula and one from Indochina. Here, we describe a new species from Borneo, the first from the island: Changiola sarawakensis n. sp. We also provide a key to the species, although it is likely that more species will be added to this genus with more sampling in the region.
'Master of many faces: extrapulmonary tuberculosis in the eyes of otolaryngologists'

Tuang GJ, Muhammad A, Zahedi FD

Postgrad Med J, 2020 Dec 30.
PMID: 33380445 DOI: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2020-139414
A cluster randomised controlled trial on effectiveness of carbon monoxide measurement feedback among college smoker : A study protocol

Muhammad Aidil ZA, Hayati K, Rosliza AM

Med J Malaysia, 2019 02;74(1):62-66.
PMID: 30846665

INTRODUCTION: For the last 30 years, tobacco smoking has continued to be the leading cause of premature deaths in Malaysia. Majority of the smokers in Malaysia are at the precontemplation and contemplation stages. Therefore, for the purpose of increasing smoking cessation among this group, the strategies that motivate them to quit smoking have to be reviewed.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of carbon monoxide measurement feedback and the standard brief motivation adopted to encourage the smoker to quit.
METHODS: A single-blind, cluster randomised controlled trial was conducted at ten tertiary colleges in Selangor. The study recruited young adult smokers at the precontemplation and contemplation stages. The subjects in the control group received a standard brief motivational strategy. On the other hand, the intervention group received additional carbon monoxide measurement and a motivational feedback module. A follow up was conducted at the first, third and sixth month to measure changes in smoking cessation stage. Subsequently, the secondary outcomes of a mean number of cigarette consumption and quit smoking attempt were analysed. A total of 160 subjects were required to detect the expected difference of 17% in primary outcomes between the groups. This study utilised Generalised Estimating Equations (GEE) to handle the clustering effects.
CONCLUSION: Biomedical risk assessment feedback mechanism by using carbon monoxide is a promising aid to motivate the smoker to quit. This mechanism is a relatively easy, quick and non-invasive technique. Thus, it can be utilised as a reinforcement relating to the harmful effect of smoking. Besides, it can also increase the smokers' selfefficacy and decisional balance to adopt behavioural changes.
Fulltext The prophetic foods consumption among exclusively breastfeeding mothers in Kuantan, Pahang: an exploratory study

Siti Munirah Abdul Basir, Radiah Abdul Ghani, Muhammad Ibrahim, Muhammad Muzaffar Ali Khan Khattak, Muhammad Nor Omar, Nor Azwani Mohd Shukri

International Journal of Allied Health Sciences, 2018;2(1):234-243.
MyJurnal

The World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) strongly advocate exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months after birth as the optimal way of feeding infants. Nutritional inadequacy during breastfeeding period may lead to breastfeeding problems such as inadequate milk production which is a common reason to early breastfeeding termination.
Galactagogue is one of the solutions seek by breastfeeding mothers to overcome this problem. Within the topic of prophetic medicine, scholars discussed the foods consumed by Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H) and their health benefits. Among the plants mentioned in Islamic literature are F.carica (figs), O.europea (olive), P.granatum (pomegranate) and N.sativa (habbatussauda). Studies on prophetic foods consumption among lactating mothers is limited in the literature. Thus, the aims of this study to explore on prophetic food consumption, among Malay mothers during
exclusive breastfeeding period. Ten subjects are interviewed by in-depth semistructured interview guide. Inclusion criteria include Malay mothers aged 18 to 40 years, deliver full term babies and were exclusively breastfeeding. Audio-recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim in Malay and translated into English. Translated transcripts were then analysed thematically with the help of NVivo software. Thematic analysis revealed three themes that represents participants’ knowledge, attitude and practice on prophetic foods consumption. The themes were 1) prophetic diet is related to Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H)’s practice on foods and eating manners, 2) perceived benefits and effectiveness of prophetic foods consumption, and 3) Practice of prophetic foods consumption during exclusive breastfeeding period. This study provides an insight to the understanding and
perception on prophetic foods consumption during exclusive breastfeeding period among breastfeeding mothers. It is acknowledged that prophetic foods, particularly dates may have lactogenic function. Further studies should be carried out to investigate the relationship between prophetic foods consumption and lactogenic activity.
Fulltext ‘oQ-Ba’ the universal bins trolley

Aryane Suwin, Faye Borine, Hasya Putri Sari Amrizal, Muhammad Fakhrulraazi Rajiei, Muhammad Hafizul Zainal, Muhammad Syamil Zolpakar, et al.

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(105):53-0.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Clinical and sharp bins are commonly found in clinical settings. The usage of these bins is vital to ensure that health care facilities remain hygienic, free from any microbial transmissions and incidences of needle stick injuries. ‘oQ-Ba’ is a Japanese phrase that means bin. In real clinical settings, it is difficult to gather all bins at once while performing procedure due to limitations of space, frequency and mobility of bins. Therefore, ‘oQ-Ba’ the Universal Bins Trolley is developed to improve the waste management practice and increase the efficiency and effectivity of care delivery. Methods: A total of 40 respondents comprised of staffs from Emergency and Trauma De- partment and Haemodialysis Unit at Serian District Hospital were selected to use “oQ-Ba” the Universal Bins Trolley. They were given self-administered questionnaires pre and post-trials whichcomposed of ‘yes’ or ‘no’ answers to ob- tain feedbacks on the effectiveness of this project. Descriptive statistics include frequencies, means and percentages were used to analyze the data using the SPSS version 22. Results: The staffs found that the prototype helps to ensure the availability of the three bins as the bins are all attached together under one compartment. The staffs also found that the prototype is more convenient compared to the existing waste bins because of its mobility and unique design which consumed little amount of space. Conclusion: ‘oQ-Ba’ the Universal Bins Trolley provides handful of benefits to medical practitioners as it can ensure the availability of the three bins during a procedure.
Fulltext Coronavirus outbreaks: prevention and management recommendations

Khan Z, Muhammad K, Ahmed A, Rahman H

Drugs Ther Perspect, 2020 Mar 07.
PMID: 32218651 DOI: 10.1007/s40267-020-00717-x
Health seeking behaviour of menopausal women with urinary incontinence in North east Malaysia

Yaacob LH, Abdul Mokti S, Muhammad J

J Women Aging, 2019 04 09;32(5):537-545.
PMID: 30967095 DOI: 10.1080/08952841.2019.1593799

Urinary incontinence (UI) is common in women in postmenopausal age, but many women delay seeking treatment. The objective of this study is to determine health-seeking behavior of postmenopausal women with UI and its associated factors. This is a cross-sectional study involving 348 postmenopausal women from the outpatient clinic using personal data forms and a validated UI questionnaire. A total of 348 menopausal women were involved in the study. Only 13.17% of patients with UI sought treatment. Factors associated with seeking treatment were age of menopause and severity of UI. More health education needs to be done among these patients.
Fulltext Maternal diet and its association with human milk energy and macronutrient composition among exclusively breastfeeding Malaysian Malay mothers

Siti Munirah Abdul Basir, Radiah Abdul Ghani, Muhammad Ibrahim, Khattak, Muhammad Muzaffar Ali Khan, Muhammad Nor Omar, Nor Azwani Mohd Shukri

Malays J Nutr, 2019;25(3):309-320.
MyJurnal

Introduction: This study aimed to determine the relationship of maternal dietary
intake with human milk nutritional composition, among Malay mothers during the
postpartum period of exclusive breastfeeding. Methods: Human milk samples (20-
30ml) were collected from mothers (n=32) at least once monthly for six months
postpartum. Macronutrients and fatty acids contents were determined using
proximate analysis and gas chromatography methods, respectively. Maternal
dietary intakes were recorded using the multiple-pass diet recall method prior
to each milk sampling and were analysed using the Nutritionist ProTM software.
Associations between the milk composition and maternal diet were tested using
Spearman correlation. Results: The energy content ranged between 49.6-59.2
kcal/100ml, protein 1.3-1.4 g/100ml, carbohydrate 6.5-9.7 g/100ml and total
fat 6.5-9.7 g/100ml. The polyunsaturated, monounsaturated, and saturated fatty
acids concentrations were 10.5-19.1 %, 40.6-43.5 %, and 38.0-49.7 %, respectively.
During confinement (first month postpartum), total energy and total fat content of
human milk were the highest whereas total carbohydrate was the lowest, compared
to the rest of the exclusive breastfeeding period. In contrast, intakes of total calorie
and total fat were the lowest, whereas protein was the highest during this period.
However, no associations were detected between human milk nutritional contents
and maternal dietary intake. Conclusion: In our study population, the composition
of maternal diet and nutritional content of human milk differed between confinement
and post-confinement periods. However, the association between maternal diet and
human milk composition itself warrants further investigation.
Fulltext Fortification of Rice Noodles with Vitamin A: Quality, Sensory Evaluation, and Enhancement of Vitamin A Intakes

Malahayati N, Muhammad K, Bakar J, Karim R

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo), 2020;66(Supplement):S179-S183.
PMID: 33612590 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.66.S179

Vitamin A deficiency is common in many countries where rice is the staple food. Food fortification is an important strategy to address this problem. As rice noodle is the second principal form of rice products widely consumed in Asia, rice noodles could be a potential vehicle for fortification of vitamin A. In this study, rice noodles were prepared from 0, 300, 600, 1,050, and 1,500 μg of vitamin A per 100 g of rice flour. Samples were analyzed for quality, sensory evaluation, and enhancement of vitamin A intakes. Increasing level of vitamin A fortification did not influence quality and sensory properties of the rice noodles, except for the ash content, color, and appearance of the noodles. Rice noodle that was fortified with the highest level of vitamin A was found to be the darkest in color. However, this sample received scores higher than 6 (like slightly) for appearance. Furthermore, sample fortified with the highest level of vitamin A produced rice noodles with the highest level of vitamin A retention suggesting that noodles were good vehicle for vitamin A fortification. Fortification of rice flour with 1,500 μg of vitamin A produced rice noodles with 24.88% of the RDI for vitamin A per serving and provided an effective means of enhancing vitamin A intake.
Rational design of bis-indolylmethane-oxadiazole hybrids as inhibitors of thymidine phosphorylase

Taha M, Rashid U, Imran S, Ali M

Bioorg Med Chem, 2018 07 23;26(12):3654-3663.
PMID: 29853339 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.05.046

Inhibition of Thymidine phosphorylase (TP) is continuously studied for the design and development of new drugs for the treatment of neoplastic diseases. As a part of our effort to identify TP inhibitors, we performed a structure-based virtual screening (SBVS) of our compound collection. Based on the insights gained from structures of virtual screening hits, a scaffold was designed using 1,3,4-oxadiazole as the basic structural feature and SAR studies were carried out for the optimization of this scaffold. Twenty-five novel bis-indole linked 1,3,4-oxadiazoles (7-31) were designed, synthesized and tested in vitro against E. coli TP (EcTP). Compound 7 emerged as potent TP inhibitor with an IC50 value of 3.50 ± 0.01 μM. Docking studies were carried out using GOLD software on thymidine phosphorylase from human (hTP) and E. coli (EcTP). Various hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions, and π-π stacking were observed between designed molecules and the active site amino acid residues of the studied enzymes.
Fulltext Dietary intake of mothers who practised traditional confinement during exclusive breastfeeding period

Siti Munirah Abdul Basir, Radiah Abdul Ghani, Muhammad Ibrahim, Muhammad Muzaffar Ali Khan Khattak, Muhammad Nor Omar, Nor Azwani Mohd Shukri

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2019;15(2):39-46.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Nutritional requirements increase during lactation. However, maternal dietary intakes of Malaysian
mothers are subjected to restrictions commonly included in traditional postpartum practices. This study aimed to
assess the maternal dietary intake status during the recommended six month exclusive breastfeeding (part of which
included the traditional confinement) period. Methods: Thirty-two Malay mothers aged 18-35 years, who had delivered full-term (at ≥37 weeks) singleton babies and were exclusively breastfeeding, were included in the study.
Maternal dietary intake was assessed using multiple-pass diet recall on Days 10, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180,
postpartum. The average total energy and macronutrient intakes were compared against recommended values. Results: The findings of this study demonstrated that maternal intakes of total energy ranged from 1,500-2,000kcal/day,
carbohydrate 189-272g/day, protein 58-72g/day, and total fat 32-70g/day. Total calorie intake was the lowest during
confinement period (Days 10 and 30) compared to the rest of the exclusive breastfeeding period. This is similar with
total fat consumption. On the other hand, protein intake was the highest during confinement period whereas carbohydrate intake was consistent throughout the six-month period. Despite the increased requirements, intakes of total
calories, protein, total fat, dietary fibre, and water, did not meet the recommended values throughout the exclusive
breastfeeding period. Conclusion: Mothers’ inability to fulfil their nutritional requirements during exclusive breastfeeding period may be associated with traditional postpartum dietary practices. Dietary advice with consideration
for cultural food taboos practiced by local mothers during confinement may help to improve maternal nutritional
intakes during this crucial time.
Scenario-based pollution discharge simulations and mapping using integrated QUAL2K-GIS

Ahmad Kamal N, Muhammad NS, Abdullah J

Environ Pollut, 2020 Apr;259:113909.
PMID: 31927277 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.113909

Malaysia is a tropical country that is highly dependent on surface water for its raw water supply. Unfortunately, surface water is vulnerable to pollution, especially in developed and dense urban catchments. Therefore, in this study, a methodology was developed for an extensive temporal water quality index (WQI) and classification analysis, simulations of various pollutant discharge scenarios using QUAL2K software, and maps with NH3-N as the core pollutant using an integrated QUAL2K-GIS. It was found that most of the water quality stations are categorized as Class III (slightly polluted to polluted). These stations are surrounded by residential areas, industries, workshops, restaurants and wet markets that contribute to the poor water quality levels. Additionally, low WQI values were reported in 2010 owing to development and agricultural activities. However, the WQI values improved during the wet season. High concentrations of NH3-N were found in the basin, especially during dry weather conditions. Three scenarios were simulated, i.e. 10%, 50% and 70% of pollution discharge into Skudai river using a calibrated and validated QUAL2K model. Model performance was evaluated using the relative percentage difference. An inclusive graph showing the current conditions and pollution reduction scenarios with respect to the distance of Skudai river and its tributaries is developed to determine the WQI classification. Comprehensive water quality maps based on NH3-N as the core pollutant are developed using integrated QUAL2K-GIS to illustrate the overall condition of the Skudai river. High NH3-N in the Skudai River affects water treatment plant operations. Pollution control of more than 90% is required to improve the water quality classification to Class II. The methodology and analysis developed in this study can assist various stakeholders and authorities in identifying problematic areas and determining the required percentage of pollution reduction to improve the Skudai River water quality.
THE LEGALITY OF EUTHANASIA FROM THE MALAYSIAN AND ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVES: AN OVERVIEW

Alias F, Muhammad M, Kassim PNJ

Med Law, 2015 Sep;34(1):509-532.
PMID: 30759949

The subject of euthanasia has generated many controversial debates, particularly on its legality. This has been primarily due to the doctrine of sanctity of life which is a predominant principle in many religions and is embedded in moral values. The underlying precept is that human life is sacred and demands respect, as all life comes from God and life can only be taken away intentionally through due process of law. Thus, ending a person's life, even upon his or her request, is considered in many jurisdictions as a criminal offence. Irrespective of humanitarian motives, a doctor who aids a patient in this act will be in breach of his unequivocal duty as a doctor and considered to have committed an unlawful act, which will subject him to legal sanctions. Countries such as the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand and Turkey have explicit legal provisions banning, in particular, active euthanasia, while countries such as the Netherlands, Belgium, Switzerland and certain states in the U.S have taken positive steps to legalise euthanasia in certain aspects. The ethical codes and laws in Malaysia have yet to develop to the fullest extent in dealing with these issues. Although Malaysian statutory legislation contains provisions banning active euthanasia, the legal position on passive euthanasia remains implicit. In the absence of indicative legal provisions and judicial precedents governing certain matters arising, it has been the practice of the Malaysian courts to refer to relevant legal principles inherent in English cases. As Islam is proclaimed as the country's official religion, the Islamic perspective is also an important and influential factor in the development of the legal framework in Malaysia as a whole. Thus, there is a need for the existence of a clear and comprehensive regulatory framework governing the legality of euthanasia in Malaysia.
Biotechnology: a powerful tool for the removal of cadmium from aquatic systems

Rabeea Munawar, Ehsan Ullah Mughal, Muhammad Waseem Mumtaz, Muhammad Zubair, Jamshaid Ashraf, Zofishan Yousaf, et al.

Sains Malaysiana, 2018;47:27-34.

The prime objective of the present research work was to evaluate the efficiency of bio-machine for the removal of Cadmium (Cd) from aquatic systems. Aspergillus niger fungus was used as bio-machine to remove Cd from aquatic systems. Twenty three different strains (IIB-1 to IIB-23) were isolated from industrial effluents and the Langmuir and Freundlich models were applied to the best Cadmium removal strain IIB-23 in order to obtain the adsorption parameters. Different parameters such as pH, temperature, contact time, initial metal concentratio, and biomass dosage on the biosorption of Cd were studied. The percent removal of Cd initially increased with an increase in pH ranging from 5.5-6.5 and then decreased by increasing pH from 7.0-7.5. An optimized pH used for Cd removal from aquatic systems was found to be 6.5. Additionally, an optimum amount of biomass was 1.33 g for the maximum removal of Cd from the aqueous solutions with initial metal concentration of 75 mg/L. The results obtained thus indicated that Langmuir model is the best suited for the removal of Cd from aquatic systems.
Fulltext Isolated Tuberculosis of the Wrist: Subtle but Destructive

Manas A, Bajuri MY, Muhammad Nawawi RF

Cureus, 2020 May 03;12(5):e7939.
PMID: 32499979 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.7939

Tuberculosis is an infection that can occur in every organ of the body, but it rarely affects the wrist joint. We report a rare case of a male patient with wrist tuberculosis with a subtle presentation. Our patient's left wrist had been swollen for four months and progressively worsened, becoming ulcerated one week prior to presentation to our center. He was asymptomatic, but a previous radiograph showed global destruction of the wrist joint. Clinical investigations, that is, polymerase chain reaction test for tuberculosis and histopathological examination, showed classic findings of tuberculosis, which lead to the initiation of anti-tuberculosis treatment.
Fulltext Management of Complex Hand Injuries with Suspension Interposition Arthroplasty and Carpometacarpal Joint Buttress Plating Based on Intra-operative Creativity and Flexibility: A Case Report

Mooi SS, Muhammad-Nawawi RF

Malays Orthop J, 2021 Nov;15(3):127-129.
PMID: 34966507 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.2111.020

A young patient presented to our centre with swollen right hand following a motor vehicle accident. He was diagnosed with closed fractures of trapezoid, ulnar three metacarpal bones, radial styloid and ulnar styloid. The hand injuries were complicated with compartment syndrome. Emergent fasciotomy and application of external fixator of the hand were performed. Definitive fixation of the fractures was delayed due to the wound care post fasciotomy. During the definitive fixation of the hand, the trapezoid was found to be comminuted and completely extruded. Abundant callus was found at the fracture sites of the metacarpal bones. Anatomic fixation was not feasible. Principle-based intra-operative creativity and flexibility were of great significance in the unconventional fixation of the complex hand injuries described in this case report.
Fulltext A short comparative study on modified Duckworth-Lewis methods

Asif M, Ahmadian A, Azeem M, Pansera BA

PLoS One, 2021;16(11):e0259423.
PMID: 34748588 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259423

In this paper, the Duckworth-Lewis-Stern (DLS) and Duckworth-Lewis-McHale-Asif (DLMA) methods of revising targets for a team batting in second innings in an interrupted Limited Overs International Cricket (LOI), are examined for fairness. The work discusses four significant points: flexibility, intuition, simplicity, and goodness-of-fit of the two mentioned methods. The research findings have shown that the DLMA method is better in every aspect than the DLS method. Further, the data of 1764 ODI matches played during 2004-2021 to investigate the compatibility of the DLMA for high run-scoring One-Day International matches. The results show that DLMA is compatible to the situation of the well-above run-scoring situation.

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