MyMedR

Expression of cytosolic and thiolated proteome of Musca domestica larvae under oxidative challenge

Tan YH, Alias Z

Trop Biomed, 2020 Sep 01;37(3):744-755.

PMID: 33612787 DOI: 10.47665/tb.37.3.744

The study was aimed to investigate the expression of cytosolic and thiolated proteins of Musca domestica larvae under oxidative stress. Proteins from acute treatment of hydrogen peroxide (LC50 = 21.52% (v/v)) on 3rd stage larvae of housefly were extracted and purified using an activated Thiol Sepharose® for thiolated protein purification. Two dimensional gel electrophoresis was used for visualizing and analyzing expression of cytosolic and thiolated proteins. Protein spots with more than 5 fold of expression change were identified using liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The cytosolic proteins were actin, tropomyosin, ubiquitin, arginine kinase, pheromone binding protein/general odorant binding protein, and ATP: guanidino phosphotransferase. The thiolated proteins with more than 5 fold change in expression as an effect to the acute treatment were fructose bisphosphate aldolase, short chain dehydrogenase and lactate/malate dehydrogenase. The proteins identified in the study should provide vital information for future reference in oxidative stress defence and response occurring in houseflies.

Recent Technologies, Security Countermeasure and Ongoing Challenges of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT): A Survey

Tan SF, Samsudin A

Sensors (Basel), 2021 Oct 06;21(19).

PMID: 34640967 DOI: 10.3390/s21196647

The inherent complexities of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) architecture make its security and privacy issues becoming critically challenging. Numerous surveys have been published to review IoT security issues and challenges. The studies gave a general overview of IIoT security threats or a detailed analysis that explicitly focuses on specific technologies. However, recent studies fail to analyze the gap between security requirements of these technologies and their deployed countermeasure in the industry recently. Whether recent industry countermeasure is still adequate to address the security challenges of IIoT environment are questionable. This article presents a comprehensive survey of IIoT security and provides insight into today's industry countermeasure, current research proposals and ongoing challenges. We classify IIoT technologies into the four-layer security architecture, examine the deployed countermeasure based on CIA+ security requirements, report the deficiencies of today's countermeasure, and highlight the remaining open issues and challenges. As no single solution can fix the entire IIoT ecosystem, IIoT security architecture with a higher abstraction level using the bottom-up approach is needed. Moving towards a data-centric approach that assures data protection whenever and wherever it goes could potentially solve the challenges of industry deployment.

Fulltext Introducing a Novel Method of Patella Tendon Defunctioning using Suture Anchors after a Tibial Tuberosity Avulsion Repair: Report of Three Cases

Cheong E, Tan L

Malays Orthop J, 2021 Jul;15(2):159-162.

PMID: 34429837 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.2107.023

Tibial tuberosity avulsion injuries are rare and result from direct trauma to the tibial tuberosity or forceful and repetitive contraction of the quadriceps muscles. In this case series, we describe a novel method of defunctioning the patella tendon using a suture anchor after a tibial tuberosity avulsion fracture repair was performed. We present three consecutive patients with tibial tuberosity avulsion fractures who were treated by the same surgeon using the technique described. Pre and post-operative range of motion of the knee joint were then reviewed retrospectively. All patients achieved pre-injury range of motion within three months post-operatively. In conclusion, defunctioning the patellar tendon with a suture anchor is a reliable and reproducible technique. The new technique yielded excellent functional outcomes which allowed patients to regain their pre-injury range of motion and the strength of the construct allows early range of motion.

Fulltext Utility of Lung Perfusion SPECT/CT in Detection of Pulmonary Thromboembolic Disease: Outcome Analysis

Tan TH, Ismail R

Nucl Med Mol Imaging, 2023 Feb;57(1):1-8.

PMID: 35013684 DOI: 10.1007/s13139-021-00726-2

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical outcome of Q-SPECT/CT in pulmonary thromboembolic disease.

METHODS: From Jan 2020 to Jan 2021, 30 consecutive patients (M:F = 8:22; median age = 52 year (21-89)) suspected of having acute pulmonary embolism (PE) or chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) were referred for non-contrasted Q-SPECT/CT. All patients were COVID-19 PCR negative. MSKCC Q-SPECT/CT and/or PISAPED criteria were used to determine the presence of thromboembolic disease in Q-SPECT/CT. Final diagnosis was made based on composite reference standards that included at least 2-month clinical cardiorespiratory assessment and follow-up imaging.

RESULTS: Q-SPECT/CT was positive in 19 patients: indeterminate in 1 and 10 were negative. Three false positive cases were observed during follow-up. Of the remaining 16 true positives, all patients' cardiorespiratory symptom were improved or stabilised after treatment with anticoagulants. The overall sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of Q-SPECT/CT were 100% (95% CI, 79.41-100%), 78.57% (95% CI, 49.20-95.34%), 84.21% (95% CI, 66.41-93.57%), 100% and 90.00% (95% CI, 73.47-97.89%) respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: In the current COVID-19 pandemic, Q-SPECT/CT can be an alternative modality to detect pulmonary thromboembolic disease. Normal Q-SPECT/CT excludes pulmonary thromboembolic disease with high degree of certainty. However, false positive has been observed.

An appraisal of the role of the intra-uterine contraceptive device for family planning in Malaysia

Frank Tan EH

Med J Malaysia, 1976 Dec;31(2):123-127.

PMID: 35008156

No abstract available.

Antibodies to EBV related antigens in West Malaysia children

Dora Tan SK, Henle G

Med J Malaysia, 1972 Sep;27(1):27-29.

PMID: 35158531

No abstract available.

The uses of gamma globulin in the prevention of virus diseases

Dora Tan SK

Med J Malaysia, 1972 Dec;27(2):129-133.

PMID: 35158491

No abstract available.

Characterization of fatty acid liposome coated with low-molecular-weight chitosan

Tan HW, Misran M

J Liposome Res, 2012 Dec;22(4):329-35.

PMID: 22881198 DOI: 10.3109/08982104.2012.700459

Preparation of chitosan-coated fatty acid liposomes is often restricted by the solubility of chitosan under basic conditions. In this experiment, the preparation of chitosan-coated oleic acid (OA) liposomes using low molecular weight (LMW) chitosan (10 and 25 kDA) was demonstrated. These selected LMW chitosans are water soluble. The coating of the chitosan layer on OA liposomes was confirmed by its microscope images and physicochemical properties, such as zeta potential and the size of the liposomes. The "peeling off" effect on the surface of chitosan-coated OA liposomes was observed in the atomic force microscope images and showed the occurrence of the chitosan layer on the surface of OA liposomes. The size of the chitosan-coated liposomes was at least 20 nm smaller than the OA liposomes, and the increase of zeta potential with the increasing amount of LMW chitosan further confirmed the presence of the surface modification of OA liposomes.

Fulltext Depression among the urban poor in Peninsular Malaysia: a community based cross-sectional study

Tan KL, Yadav H

J Health Psychol, 2013 Jan;18(1):121-7.

PMID: 22322990 DOI: 10.1177/1359105311433908

This community based cross-sectional study examined the prevalence and factors associated with depression among urban poor in Peninsular Malaysia. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to determine the presence or absence of depression. The prevalence of depression among the urban poor was 12.3%. Factors significantly associated with depression included respondents under 25 years old, male gender, living in the area for less than four years and those who do not exercise regularly. It is important to identify individuals with depression and its associated factors early because depression can severely affect the quality of life.

Fulltext Ocular injuries and severe ocular surface diseases in Malaysia

Tan AK, Pall S

Med J Malaysia, 2011 Oct;66(4):284-5.

PMID: 22299542 MyJurnal

Henipavirus encephalitis

Abdullah S, Tan CT

Handb Clin Neurol, 2014;123:663-70.

PMID: 25015510 DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-444-53488-0.00032-8

New taxa and notes of some described species of Agraeciini (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae) from Malay Peninsula

Tan MK, Ingrisch S

Zootaxa, 2014;3765:541-56.

PMID: 24870920 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3765.6.3

Four new species from three genera of Agraeciini from Malay Peninsula are described: Paragraecia temasek sp. n., Peracca mirzai sp. n., Peracca macritchiensis sp. n. from Singapore, and Lichnofugia malaya sp. n. from Peninsular Malaysia. The first records and descriptions of the female of Liara alata Ingrisch, 1998 and the male of Paragraecia gracilis Ingrisch, 1998 are given.

Fulltext Prevention is better than cure

Andrew Tan KK

Med J Malaysia, 2014 Feb;69(1):1.

PMID: 24814619

No abstract available.

Rare postpartum ruptured degenerated fibroid: a case report

Tan YL, Naidu A

J Obstet Gynaecol Res, 2014 May;40(5):1423-5.

PMID: 24689652 DOI: 10.1111/jog.12334

Spontaneous rupture of uterine fibroid is rarely encountered. We present a case of a 31-year-old who presented with acute abdominal pain at 9 weeks postpartum. On examination, the abdomen had diffuse tenderness, with rebound tenderness in the suprapubic area and in both iliac fossae. On ultrasonography, a 12.7 × 8.6 × 8.9-cm sized hyperechoic mass was visible on the posterior wall of the uterus. A large amount of fluid was visible in the paracolic gutters and the Pouch of Douglas (POD). The patient underwent an exploratory laparotomy. A ruptured, cystic degenerated uterine fibroid with active bleeding was found, as well as approximately half a liter of free, bloodstained peritoneal fluid and pus. Myomectomy was performed, followed by evacuation of the fluid and clots. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful. In conclusion, preoperative diagnosis of a perforated, uterine fibroid with spontaneous intra-abdominal hemorrhage is difficult; exploratory laparotomy is both diagnostic and therapeutic in this rare, life-threatening condition.

Polysaccharide-anchored fatty acid liposome

Tan HW, Misran M

Int J Pharm, 2013 Jan 30;441(1-2):414-23.

PMID: 23174410 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.11.013

In this study, the preparation of N-pamitoyl chitosan (ChP) anchored oleic acid (OA) liposome was demonstrated. Two different types of water-soluble ChPs with different degrees of acylation (DA) were selected for this study. The presence of ChPs on the surface of OA liposome was confirmed with their micrographs and physicochemical properties. The "peeling off" effect on the surface of the ChP-anchored OA (OAChP) liposomes was observed on the atomic force microscope micrographs and confirmed the presence of the ChPs layer on the liposome surface. The surface tension of the OAChPs liposome solution was found to be higher than that of the OA liposome solution. This result indicated the removal of OA monomer by ChPs from the air-water interface. The increase in the minimum area per headgroup (A(min)) of the OA with the presence of ChPs has further proved the interaction between OA monomer and the hydrophobic moieties of the ChPs. The ChPs anchored onto the OA monolayer increased the curvature of the OAChP liposomes monolayer and reduced the liposome size. The size of the OAChP liposomes was reduced by 30 nm as compared with the unmodified OA liposome. Results revealed that the anchored ChPs can improve the integrity and rigidity of the OA liposome.

Fulltext Effects of selected polysorbate and sucrose ester emulsifiers on the physicochemical properties of astaxanthin nanodispersions

Anarjan N, Tan CP

Molecules, 2013 Jan 09;18(1):768-77.

PMID: 23303336 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18010768

The effects of selected nonionic emulsifiers on the physicochemical characteristics of astaxanthin nanodispersions produced by an emulsification/evaporation technique were studied. The emulsifiers used were polysorbates (Polysorbate 20, Polysorbate 40, Polysorbate 60 and Polysorbate 80) and sucrose esters of fatty acids (sucrose laurate, palmitate, stearate and oleate). The mean particle diameters of the nanodispersions ranged from 70 nm to 150 nm, depending on the emulsifier used. In the prepared nanodispersions, the astaxanthin particle diameter decreased with increasing emulsifier hydrophilicity and decreasing carbon number of the fatty acid in the emulsifier structure. Astaxanthin nanodispersions with the smallest particle diameters were produced with Polysorbate 20 and sucrose laurate among the polysorbates and the sucrose esters, respectively. We also found that the Polysorbate 80- and sucrose oleate-stabilized nanodispersions had the highest astaxanthin losses (i.e., the lowest astaxanthin contents in the final products) among the nanodispersions. This work demonstrated the importance of emulsifier type in determining the physicochemical characteristics of astaxanthin nano-dispersions.

Fulltext Preventing Mother-to-child Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus - A Success Story Which Can Be Enhanced

Tan SS, Chua A

Med J Malaysia, 2013 Apr;68(2):103-4.

PMID: 23629552

Fulltext Ethical issues related to epilepsy care in the developing world

Tan CT, Avanzini G

Epilepsia, 2009 May;50(5):975-7.

PMID: 19170738 DOI: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01934.x

There are three major issues of ethical concern related to epilepsy care in the developing world. First, is it ethical for a developing country to channel its limited resources from direct epilepsy care to research? The main considerations in addressing this question are the particular research questions to be addressed and whether such research will bring direct benefits to the local community. Second, in a country with limited resources, when does ignoring the high treatment gap become an ethical issue? This question is of particular concern when the community has enough resources to afford treatment for its poor, yet is not providing such care because of gross wastage and misallocation of the national resources. Third, do countries with plentiful resources have an ethical responsibility to help relieve the high epilepsy treatment gap of poor countries? Indeed, we believe that reasonable health care is a basic human right, and that human rights transcend national boundaries. Although health care is usually the responsibility of the nation-state, many modern states in the developing world are arbitrary creations of colonization. There is often a long process from the establishment of a political-legal state to a mature functional nation. During the long process of nation building, help from neighboring countries is often required.

Fulltext Oral nifepidine versus subcutaneous terbutaline tocolysis for external cephalic version: a double-blind randomised trial

Collaris R, Tan PC

BJOG, 2009 Jan;116(1):74-80; discussion 80-1.

PMID: 19087079 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2008.01991.x

To evaluate oral nifedipine versus subcutaneous terbutaline tocolysis for external cephalic version (ECV).

Self-care practices of Malaysian adults with diabetes and sub-optimal glycaemic control

Tan MY, Magarey J

Patient Educ Couns, 2008 Aug;72(2):252-67.

PMID: 18467068 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2008.03.017

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the self-care practices of Malaysian adults with diabetes and sub-optimal glycaemic control.
METHODS: Using a one-to-one interviewing approach, data were collected from 126 diabetic adults from four settings. A 75-item questionnaire was used to assess diabetes-related knowledge and self-care practices regarding, diet, medication, physical activity and self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG).
RESULTS: Most subjects had received advice on the importance of self-care in the management of their diabetes and recognised its importance. Sixty-seven subjects (53%) scored below 50% in their diabetes-related knowledge. Subjects who consumed more meals per day (80%), or who did not include their regular sweetened food intakes in their daily meal plan (80%), or who were inactive in daily life (54%), had higher mean fasting blood glucose levels (p=0.04). Subjects with medication non-adherence (46%) also tended to have higher fasting blood glucose levels. Only 15% of the subjects practiced SMBG. Predictors of knowledge deficit and poor self-care were low level of education (p = <0.01), older subjects (p=0.04) and Type 2 diabetes subjects on oral anti-hyperglycaemic medication (p = <0.01).
CONCLUSION: There were diabetes-related knowledge deficits and inadequate self-care practices among the majority of diabetic patients with sub-optimal glycaemic control.
PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: This study should contribute to the development of effective education strategies to promote health for adults with sub-optimal diabetes control.

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