MyMedR

Constituents of the leaves of Piper caninum

Ahmad F, Bakar SA, Ibrahim AZ, Read RW

Planta Med, 1997 Apr;63(2):193-4.

Pulse wave velocity as an index of arterial stiffness: a comparison between newly diagnosed (untreated) hypertensive and normotensive middle-aged Malay men and its relationship with fasting insulin

Ngim CA, Abdul Rahman AR, Ibrahim A

Acta Cardiol, 1999 Oct;54(5):277-82.

PMID: 10596307

BACKGROUND: Arterial stiffness, an aging process which is accelerated by hypertension, is emerging as a useful index of vascular health. There are evidences to suggest that hyperinsulinaemia may be an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease, besides its possible pathogenic role in essential hypertension. The main objectives of this study were to compare arterial stiffness between untreated hypertensives and normotensives and to investigate the relationship between fasting serum insulin and arterial stiffness.

METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study was designed. Forty normotensive (median age 47 +/- 6 yrs.) and twenty untreated hypertensive Malay men (median age 50 +/- 7 yrs.) without clinical evidence of cardiovascular complications were selected. Pulse wave velocity measured using the automated Complior machine was used as an index of arterial stiffness. Other measurements obtained were blood pressure, body mass index, fasting insulin, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose and creatinine level.

RESULTS: The blood pressure and pulse wave velocity (PWV) were significantly higher in the hypertensives compared to the normotensives (blood pressure 169/100 mm Hg +/- 14/7 vs. 120/80 mm Hg +/- 10/4, p < 0.001; PWV 11.69 m/s +/- 1.12 vs. 8.83 m/s +/- 1.35, p < 0.001). Other variables such as body mass index, fasting insulin, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and haematocrit were comparable among the two groups. Within each group, there was a significant positive correlation between pulse wave velocity and systolic blood pressure (r = 0.76, p < 0.001 in normotensives; r = 0.73, p < 0.001 in hypertensives) and mean arterial pressure (r = 0.74, p < 0.001 in normotensives; r = 0.73, p < 0.001 in hypertensives). No correlation was noted between pulse wave velocity and diastolic blood pressure, age, body mass index, fasting insulin level, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol or triglyceride levels.

CONCLUSION: Arterial stiffness as determined by PWV is increased in newly diagnosed untreated hypertensive subjects even before clinically evident cardiovascular disease. However, arterial stiffness is not correlated with the fasting insulin level in normotensives and newly diagnosed hypertensives.

Long-term survival of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy subsequent to conventional radical radiotherapy

Prasad U, Wahid MI, Jalaludin MA, Abdullah BJ, Paramsothy M, Abdul-Kareem S

Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 2002 Jul 1;53(3):648-55.

PMID: 12062608

To assess the long-term survival of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) who were treated with conventional radical radiotherapy (RT) followed by adjuvant chemotherapy.

Fulltext 17-(5-Ethyl-6-methyl-heptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-tetra-deca-hydro-1H-cyclo-penta[a]phenanthrene-3,7-diol from Chisocheton tomentosus (Meliaceae)

Najmuldeen IA, Hadi AH, Awang K, Mohamad K, Ng SW

Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online, 2008;64(Pt 11):o2163.

PMID: 21581023 DOI: 10.1107/S1600536808033163

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(29)H(50)O(2), contains two mol-ecules; one mol-ecule is linked to the other by two O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, whereas only one of the hydr-oxy groups of the second mol-ecule is involved in hydrogen bonding. This gives rise to a chain that runs along the a axis of the monoclinic unit cell.

Comparison of clomiphene citrate, metformin, or the combination of both for first-line ovulation induction, achievement of pregnancy, and live birth in Asian women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial

Zain MM, Jamaluddin R, Ibrahim A, Norman RJ

Fertil Steril, 2009 Feb;91(2):514-21.

PMID: 18321486 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.12.002

To determine the first-line medication to be used in anovulatory patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) for ovulation induction and pregnancy achievement.

Chisomicines A-C, limonoids from Chisocheton ceramicus

Najmuldeen IA, Hadi AH, Awang K, Mohamad K, Ketuly KA, Mukhtar MR, et al.

J Nat Prod, 2011 May 27;74(5):1313-7.

PMID: 21428417 DOI: 10.1021/np200013g

Three new limonoids, chisomicines A-C (1-3), have been isolated from the bark of Chisocheton ceramicus. Their structures were determined by 2D NMR, CD spectroscopic methods, and X-ray analysis. Chisomicine A (1) exhibited NO production inhibitory activity in J774.1 cells stimulated by LPS dose-dependently at high cell viability.

Fulltext Effect of vitamin E (Tri E®) on antioxidant enzymes and DNA damage in rats following eight weeks exercise

Abd Hamid NA, Hasrul MA, Ruzanna RJ, Ibrahim IA, Baruah PS, Mazlan M, et al.

Nutr J, 2011;10:37.

PMID: 21513540 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-10-37

Exercise is beneficial to health, but during exercise the body generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) which are known to result in oxidative stress. The present study analysed the effects of vitamin E (Tri E®) on antioxidant enzymes; superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (Cat) activity and DNA damage in rats undergoing eight weeks exercise.

Pseuduvarines A and B, two new cytotoxic dioxoaporphine alkaloids from Pseuduvaria rugosa

Taha H, Hadi AH, Nordin N, Najmuldeen IA, Mohamad K, Shirota O, et al.

Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo), 2011;59(7):896-7.

PMID: 21720044

Pseuduvarines A (1) and B (2), two new dioxoaporphine alkaloids with an amino moiety, were isolated from the stem bark of Pseuduvaria rugosa and their structures were elucidated by combination of 2D-NMR spectroscopic analysis. Pseuduvarines A (1) and B (2) showed cytotoxicity against MCF7, HepG2, and HL-60 (1: IC₅₀, 0.9, 21.7, and >50.0 µM, respectively, 2: IC₅₀ >50.0, 15.7, and 12.4 µM, respectively).

7α-Hydroxy-β-Sitosterol from Chisocheton tomentosus Induces Apoptosis via Dysregulation of Cellular Bax/Bcl-2 Ratio and Cell Cycle Arrest by Downregulating ERK1/2 Activation

Tasyriq M, Najmuldeen IA, In LL, Mohamad K, Awang K, Hasima N

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2012;2012:765316.

PMID: 22997533

In continuation of our interest towards the elucidation of apoptotic pathways of cytotoxic phytocompounds, we have embarked upon a study on the anticancer effects of 7α-hydroxy-β-sitosterol (CT1), a rare natural phytosterol oxide isolated from Chisocheton tomentosus. CT1 was found to be cytotoxic on three different human tumor cell lines with minimal effects on normal cell controls, where cell viability levels were maintained ≥80% upon treatment. Our results showed that cell death in MCF-7 breast tumor cells was achieved through the induction of apoptosis via downregulation of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. CT1 was also found to increase proapoptotic Bax protein levels, while decreasing anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein levels, suggesting the involvement of the intrinsic pathway. Reduced levels of initiator procaspase-9 and executioner procaspase-3 were also observed following CT1 exposure, confirming the involvement of cytochrome c-mediated apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway. These results demonstrated the cytotoxic and apoptotic ability of 7α-hydroxy-β-sitosterol and suggest its potential anti-cancer use particularly on breast adenocarcinoma cells.

Epidemiology of spinal cord injury in Hospital Kuala Lumpur

Ibrahim A, Lee KY, Kanoo LL, Tan CH, Hamid MA, Hamedon NM, et al.

Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2013 Mar 1;38(5):419-24.

PMID: 22914700 DOI: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e31826ef594

Cross-sectional study.

Fulltext Epidermal growth factor receptor mutations in lung adenocarcinoma in Malaysian patients

Liam CK, Wahid MI, Rajadurai P, Cheah YK, Ng TS

J Thorac Oncol, 2013 Jun;8(6):766-72.

PMID: 23575413 DOI: 10.1097/JTO.0b013e31828b5228

Despite available data from other Asian countries, the prevalence of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations among lung adenocarcinoma patients has not been reported in Malaysia. This study sought to determine the frequency of EGFR mutations among multiethnic Malaysian patients diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma.

Fulltext A case of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis successfully removed via endoscopic argon plasma coagulation (APC) with no evidence of recurrence

Wong JL, Tie ST, Lee J, Kannan SK, Rashid Ali MR, Ibrahim A, et al.

Med J Malaysia, 2014 Aug;69(4):195-6.

PMID: 25500852 MyJurnal

Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is a benign disease caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV), characterized by the formation of recurrent, epithelial neoplastic lesions in the airways. While benign, they can cause significant airway obstruction in some cases. Difficulties in treatment arise from the recurrent nature of the lesions despite repeated procedures. Other known procedures that result in deep tissue damage also cause unacceptable collateral damage to the underlying airway mucosa. We describe a case of recurrent papillomatosis that was successfully treated with argon plasma coagulation ( APC) when laser and electrocautery ablation had failed in the past. After the papillomatasis was treated with APC, there is no recurrence on repeat scope at 4 months and 9 months after the initial procedure. The procedure was done as a day case and there is no complication from the procedure. The property of the APC that allows it to cause only superficial thermal damage to the tissue makes it a suitable adjunct therapy to the treatment of papillomas, which are usually superficial lesions.

Fulltext A rare double pathology- coexistent large cell neuroendocrine cell carcinoma of the lung with Basal cell carcinoma of the skin

Rashid Ali MR, Ibrahim A, Rajahram GS, Sivaraman Kannan KK

Med J Malaysia, 2014 Oct;69(5):227-8.

PMID: 25638237 MyJurnal

No abstract available.

Fulltext A TOTP-based enhanced route optimization procedure for mobile IPv6 to reduce handover delay and signalling overhead

Shah PA, Hasbullah HB, Lawal IA, Aminu Mu'azu A, Tang Jung L

ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:506028.

PMID: 24688398 DOI: 10.1155/2014/506028

Due to the proliferation of handheld mobile devices, multimedia applications like Voice over IP (VoIP), video conferencing, network music, and online gaming are gaining popularity in recent years. These applications are well known to be delay sensitive and resource demanding. The mobility of mobile devices, running these applications, across different networks causes delay and service disruption. Mobile IPv6 was proposed to provide mobility support to IPv6-based mobile nodes for continuous communication when they roam across different networks. However, the Route Optimization procedure in Mobile IPv6 involves the verification of mobile node's reachability at the home address and at the care-of address (home test and care-of test) that results in higher handover delays and signalling overhead. This paper presents an enhanced procedure, time-based one-time password Route Optimization (TOTP-RO), for Mobile IPv6 Route Optimization that uses the concepts of shared secret Token, time based one-time password (TOTP) along with verification of the mobile node via direct communication and maintaining the status of correspondent node's compatibility. The TOTP-RO was implemented in network simulator (NS-2) and an analytical analysis was also made. Analysis showed that TOTP-RO has lower handover delays, packet loss, and signalling overhead with an increased level of security as compared to the standard Mobile IPv6's Return-Routability-based Route Optimization (RR-RO).

Fulltext Closing the global cancer divide--performance of breast cancer care services in a middle income developing country

Lim GC, Aina EN, Cheah SK, Ismail F, Ho GF, Tho LM, et al.

BMC Cancer, 2014;14:212.

PMID: 24650245 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-212

BACKGROUND: Cancer is the leading cause of deaths in the world. A widening disparity in cancer burden has emerged between high income and low-middle income countries. Closing this cancer divide is an ethical imperative but there is a dearth of data on cancer services from developing countries.
METHODS: This was a multi-center, retrospective observational cohort study which enrolled women with breast cancer (BC) attending 8 participating cancer centers in Malaysia in 2011. All patients were followed up for 12 months from diagnosis to determine their access to therapies. We assess care performance using measures developed by Quality Oncology Practice Initiative, American Society of Clinical Oncology/National Comprehensive Cancer Network, American College of Surgeons' National Accreditation Program for Breast Centers as well as our local guideline.
RESULTS: Seven hundred and fifty seven patients were included in the study; they represent about 20% of incident BC in Malaysia. Performance results were mixed. Late presentation was 40%. Access to diagnostic and breast surgery services were timely; the interval from presentation to tissue diagnosis was short (median = 9 days), and all who needed surgery could receive it with only a short wait (median = 11 days). Performance of radiation, chemo and hormonal therapy services showed that about 75 to 80% of patients could access these treatments timely, and those who could not were because they sought alternative treatment or they refused treatment. Access to Trastuzumab was limited to only 19% of eligible patients.
CONCLUSIONS: These performance results are probably acceptable for a middle income country though far below the 95% or higher adherence rates routinely reported by centres in developed countries. High cost trastuzumab was inaccessible to this population without public funding support.

3-Iodobenzaldehyde: XRD, FT-IR, Raman and DFT studies

Kumar CS, Parlak C, Tursun M, Fun HK, Rhyman L, Ramasami P, et al.

Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc, 2015 Jun 15;145:90-7.

PMID: 25767992 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.02.079

The structure of 3-iodobenzaldehyde (3IB) was characterized by FT-IR, Raman and single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. The conformational isomers, optimized geometric parameters, normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of 3IB were examined using density functional theory (DFT) method, with the Becke-3-Lee-Yang-Parr (B3LYP) functional and the 6-311+G(3df,p) basis set for all atoms except for iodine. The LANL2DZ effective core basis set was used for iodine. Potential energy distribution (PED) analysis of normal modes was performed to identify characteristic frequencies. 3IB crystallizes in monoclinic space group P21/c with the O-trans form. There is a good agreement between the theoretically predicted structural parameters, and vibrational frequencies and those obtained experimentally. In order to understand halogen effect, 3-halogenobenzaldehyde [XC6H4CHO; X=F, Cl and Br] was also studied theoretically. The free energy difference between the isomers is small but the rotational barrier is about 8kcal/mol. An atypical behavior of fluorine affecting conformational preference is observed.

Enzymatic cyanide degradation by cell-free extract of Rhodococcus UKMP-5M

Nallapan Maniyam M, Sjahrir F, Latif Ibrahim A, Cass AE

J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng, 2015;50(4):357-64.

PMID: 25723061 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2015.987524

The cell-free extract of locally isolated Rhodococcus UKMP-5M strain was used as an alternative to develop greener and cost effective cyanide removal technology. The present study aims to assess the viability of the cell-free extract to detoxify high concentrations of cyanide which is measured through the monitoring of protein concentration and specific cyanide-degrading activity. When cyanide-grown cells were subjected to grinding in liquid nitrogen which is relatively an inexpressive and fast cell disruption method, highest cyanide-degrading activity of 0.63 mM min(-1) mg(-1) protein was obtained in comparison to enzymatic lysis and agitation with fine glass beads. The cell-free extracts managed to degrade 80% of 20 mM KCN within 80 min and the rate of cyanide consumption increased linearly as the concentration of protein was raised. In both cases, the addition of co-factor was not required which proved to be advantageous economically. The successful formation of ammonia and formate as endproducts indicated that the degradation of cyanide by Rhodococcus UKMP-5M proceeded via the activity of cyanidase and the resulting non-toxic products are safe for disposal into the environment. Further verification with SDS-PAGE revealed that the molecular weight of the active enzyme was estimated to be 38 kDa, which is consistent with previously reported cyanidases. Thus, the utilization of cell-free extracts as an alternative to live microbial in cyanide degradation offers numerous advantageous such as the potential to tolerate and degrade higher concentration of cyanide and total reduction in the overall cost of operation since the requirement for nutrient support is irrelevant.

Fulltext Influence of exposure time to coffee on color stability of selected composite resin veneers

Thiyab, Amar M., Mahmood, Nik Zarina N., Hassan, Mohamed Ibrahim A.

Compendium of Oral Science, 2016;3(1):9-16.

MyJurnal

Objectives: The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of the time and instant coffee solution on the color stability of three types of composite resin based veneer systems. Materials and Methods: 24 composite resin veneer samples were selected and divided into three groups: two groups of prefabricated veneers (Edelweiss, Ultradent Inc™ (EDL) and Componeer, Coltène/ Whaledent AGTM (CMP)) and one group of laboratory made (Nexco, Ivoclar Vivadent (NEX)) veneer system were tested (n=8). Specimens were prepared and stored in staining solution (instant coffee) and assessed color changes with Minolta spectrophotometer every three days for a period of 27 days, after which color differences (ΔE*) were calculated. Data collection and analysis was done using one-way ANOVA and Student’s t-test (α=0.05). Results: One-way ANOVA revealed a significant difference in color stability between the two veneer systems. NEX group veneer system exhibited the highest color stability (ΔE*= 0.73 ± 0.5) as compared to prefabricated veneer groups (EDL 10.07 ± 5.15, CMP 7.41 ± 4.64) with p value

Fulltext Study of sexual dimorphism of Malaysian crania: an important step in identification of the skeletal remains

Ibrahim A, Alias A, Nor FM, Swarhib M, Abu Bakar SN, Das S

Anat Cell Biol, 2017 Jun;50(2):86-92.

PMID: 28713610 DOI: 10.5115/acb.2017.50.2.86

Sex determination is one of the main steps in the identification of human skeletal remains. It constitutes an initial step in personal identification from the skeletal remains. The aim of the present study was to provide the population-specific sex discriminating osteometric standards to aid human identification. The present study was conducted on 87 (174 sides) slices of crania using postmortem computed tomography in 45 males and 42 females, aged between 18 and 75 years. About 22 parameters of crania were measured using Osirix software 3-D Volume Rendering. Results showed that all parameters were significantly higher in males than in females except for orbital height of the left eye by independent t test (P<0.01). By discriminant analysis, the classification accuracy was 85.1%, and by regression, the classification accuracy ranged from 78.2% to 86.2%. In conclusion, cranium can be used to distinguish between males and females in the Malaysian population. The results of the present study can be used as a forensic tool for identification of unknown crania.

Fulltext 'Timed Up and Go' test: Age, gender and cognitive impairment stratified normative values of older adults

Ibrahim A, Singh DKA, Shahar S

PLoS One, 2017;12(10):e0185641.

PMID: 28972994 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185641

AIMS: The aim of this study was to establish 'Timed up and Go' test (TUG) normative data among community dwelling older adults stratified based on cognitive status, gender and age groups.

METHODS: A total of 2084 community dwelling older adults from wave I and II were recruited through a multistage random sampling method. TUG was performed using the standard protocol and scores were then stratified based on with and without mild cognitive impairment (MCI), gender and in a 5-year age groups ranging from ages of 60's to 80's.

RESULTS: 529(16%) participants were identified to have MCI. Past history of falls and medical history of hypertension, heart disease, joint pain, hearing and vision problem, and urinary incontinence were found to have influenced TUG performance. Cognitive status as a mediator, predicted TUG performance even when both gender and age were controlled for (B 0.24, 95% CI (0.02-0.47), β 0.03, t 2.10, p = 0.36). Further descriptive analysis showed, participants with MCI, women and older in age took a longer time to complete TUG, as compared to men with MCI across all age groups with exceptions for some age groups.

CONCLUSION: These results suggested that MCI needs to be taken into consideration when testing older adults using TUG, besides age and gender factors. Data using fast speed TUG may be required among older adults with and without MCI for further understanding.

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