Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 301 in total

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  1. Compact Brillouin-erbium fiber laser
    Harun SW, Shahi S, Ahmad H
    Opt Lett, 2009 Jan 01;34(1):46-8.
    PMID: 19109635
    A single-wavelength Brillouin fiber laser (BFL) is demonstrated at the extended L-band region using bismuth-based erbium-doped fiber (Bi-EDF) for the first time to the best of our knowledge. A 2.15-m-long Bi-EDF is used to provide both nonlinear and linear gains to generate a stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) and to amplify the generated SBS, respectively. The BFL operates at 1613.93 nm, which is upshifted by 0.09 nm from the Brillouin pump with a peak power of 2 dBm and a side-mode suppression ratio of more than 22 dB. The generated BFL has a narrow linewidth and many potential applications, such as in optical communication and sensors.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dietary Fiber
  2. Brillouin-Raman comb fiber laser with cooperative Rayleigh scattering in a linear cavity
    Zamzuri AK, Md Ali MI, Ahmad A, Mohamad R, Mahdi MA
    Opt Lett, 2006 Apr 01;31(7):918-20.
    PMID: 16599211
    We demonstrate a multiple-wavelength Brillouin comb laser with cooperative Rayleigh scattering that uses Raman amplification in dispersion-compensating fiber. The laser resonator is a linear cavity formed by reflector at each end of the dispersion-compensating fiber to improve the reflectivity of the Brillouin Stokes comb. Multiple Brillouin Stokes generation has been improved in terms of optical signal-to-noise ratio and power-level fluctuation between neighboring channels. Furthermore, the linewidth of the Brillouin Stokes is uniform within the laser output bandwidth.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dietary Fiber
  3. Fulltext Optical-based sensors for monitoring corrosion of reinforcement rebar via an etched cladding Bragg grating
    Abu Hassan MR, Abu Bakar MH, Dambul K, Adikan FR
    Sensors (Basel), 2012;12(11):15820-6.
    PMID: 23202233 DOI: 10.3390/s121115820
    In this paper, we present the development and testing of an optical-based sensor for monitoring the corrosion of reinforcement rebar. The testing was carried out using an 80% etched-cladding Fibre Bragg grating sensor to monitor the production of corrosion waste in a localized region of the rebar. Progression of corrosion can be sensed by observing the reflected wavelength shift of the FBG sensor. With the presence of corrosion, the etched-FBG reflected spectrum was shifted by 1.0 nm. In addition, with an increase in fringe pattern and continuously, step-like drop in power of the Bragg reflected spectrum was also displayed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dietary Fiber
  4. Fulltext Effects of Hybridized Synthetic Fibers on the Shear Properties of Cement Composites
    Zainal SMIS, Hejazi F, Aziz FNAA, Jaafar MS
    Materials (Basel), 2020 Nov 10;13(22).
    PMID: 33182531 DOI: 10.3390/ma13225055
    The use of fibers in cementitious composites yields numerous benefits due to their fiber-bridging capabilities in resisting cracks. Therefore, this study aimed to improve the shear-resisting capabilities of conventional concrete through the hybridization of multiple synthetic fibers, specifically on reinforced concrete structures in seismic-prone regions. For this study, 16 hybrid fiber-reinforced concretes (HyFRC) were developed from the different combinations of Ferro macro-synthetic fibers with the Ultra-Net, Super-Net, Econo-Net, and Nylo-Mono microfibers. These hybrids were tested under direct shear, resulting in improved shear strength of controlled specimens by Ferro-Ultra (32%), Ferro-Super (24%), Ferro-Econo (44%), and Ferro-Nylo (24%). Shear energy was further assessed to comprehend the effectiveness of the fiber interactions according to the mechanical properties, dosage, bonding power, manufactured material, and form of fibers. Conclusively, all fiber combinations used in this study produced positive synergistic effects under direct shear at large crack deformations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dietary Fiber
  5. Mechanical Performance of Unstitched and Silk Fiber-Stitched Woven Kenaf Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composites
    Kirmasha YK, Sharba MJ, Leman Z, Sultan MTH
    Materials (Basel), 2020 Oct 28;13(21).
    PMID: 33126437 DOI: 10.3390/ma13214801
    Fiber composites are known to have poor through-thickness mechanical properties due to the absence of a Z-direction binder. This issue is more critical with the use of natural fibers due to their low strength compared to synthetic fibers. Stitching is a through-thickness toughening method that is used to introduce fibers in the Z-direction, which will result in better through-thickness mechanical properties. This research was carried out to determine the mechanical properties of unstitched and silk fiber-stitched woven kenaf-reinforced epoxy composites. The woven kenaf mat was stitched with silk fiber using a commercial sewing machine. The specimens were fabricated using a hand lay-up method. Three specimens were fabricated, one unstitched and two silk-stitched with deferent stitching orientations. The results show that the stitched specimens have comparable in-plane mechanical properties to the unstitched specimens. For the tensile mechanical test, stitched specimens show similar and 17.1% higher tensile strength compared to the unstitched specimens. The flexural mechanical test results show around a 9% decrease in the flexural strength for the stitched specimens. On the other hand, the Izod impact mechanical test results show a significant improvement of 33% for the stitched specimens, which means that stitching has successfully improved the out-of-plane mechanical properties. The outcome of this research indicates that the stitched specimens have better mechanical performance compared to the unstitched specimens and that the decrease in the flexural strength is insignificant in contrast with the remarkable enhancement in the impact strength.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dietary Fiber
  6. Fulltext Development of Laser Drilling Strategy for Thick Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composites (CFRP)
    Ahmad Sobri S, Heinemann R, Whitehead D
    Polymers (Basel), 2020 Nov 12;12(11).
    PMID: 33198377 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112674
    Composites from carbon fibre reinforced polymers (CFRPs) play a significant role in modern manufacturing. They are typically used in aerospace and other industries that require high strength-to-weight ratios. Composite machining, however, remains a challenging job and sometimes is hampered by poor efficiency. Despite considerable research being conducted over the past few years on the machining of composite materials, the material nevertheless suffers from delamination, fibre loss, and imperfect finishing of the fuselage. Laser technology is becoming increasingly popular as an alternative approach to cutting and drilling composites. Experiments have been conducted with a CFRP thickness of 25.4 mm using fibre laser to test the effect of the machining parameters on the primary performance measurements. In this study, different machining criteria are used to assess the fibre laser ability of thick CFRP composites for drilling operation. The experimental findings revealed that a fibre laser is capable of penetrating a thick CFRP to a depth of 22 mm by using a novel drilling procedure.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dietary Fiber
  7. Fulltext Experimental data on compressive and flexural strengths of coir fibre reinforced foamed concrete at elevated temperatures
    Othuman Mydin MA, Zamzani NM, Ghani ANA
    Data Brief, 2019 Aug;25:104320.
    PMID: 31428668 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.104320
    Quantifying the elevated temperature strengths of cement-based material is crucial to the design of building structural systems for fire resistance purpose. This paper collates a database of elevated temperature axial compressive and flexural strengths of coir fibre reinforced foamed concrete exposed to heating temperatures of 105 °C, 200 °C, 300 °C, 400 °C, 500 °C, 600 °C, 700 °C and 800 °C. There were four densities of foamed concrete of 700, 1100, 1500 and 1900 kg/m3 were prepared and tested. The untreated coir fibre was added in foamed concrete in percentages of 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, and 0.6% by mix volume fraction. The database can aid in prediction of elevated temperature strengths of fibre reinforced foamed concrete which can be exploited to assist manufacturers to develop their products without having to perform numerous large-scale elevated temperature tests in the future.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dietary Fiber
  8. Fulltext Failure of Glass Fibre-Reinforced Polypropylene Metal Laminate Subjected to Close-Range Explosion
    Bassiri Nia A, Xin L, Yahya MY, Ayob A, Farokhi Nejad A, Rahimian Koloor SS, et al.
    Polymers (Basel), 2020 Sep 19;12(9).
    PMID: 32961655 DOI: 10.3390/polym12092139
    The present study investigates the effects of close-range blast loading of fibre metal laminates (FMLs) fabricated from woven glass polypropylene and aluminium alloy 2024-T3. The polypropylene layers and anodized aluminium are stacked in 3/2 layering configuration to investigate the impact energy absorbed through deformation and damage. In order to study the blast responses of FMLs, a 4-cable instrumented pendulum blast set-up is used. Effects of blast impulse and stand-off distance were examined. Investigation of the cross-section of FMLs are presented and damages such as fibre fracture, debonding, and global deformation are examined. Increasing stand-off distance from 4 to 14 mm resulted in a change of damage mode from highly localized perforation to global deformation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dietary Fiber
  9. Fulltext Flexural Behavior of Double-Skin Steel Tube Beams Filled with Fiber-Reinforced Cementitious Composite and Strengthened with CFRP Sheets
    Al-Nini A, Nikbakht E, Syamsir A, Shafiq N, Mohammed BS, Al-Fakih A, et al.
    Materials (Basel), 2020 Jul 09;13(14).
    PMID: 32659956 DOI: 10.3390/ma13143064
    The concrete-filled double skin steel tube (CFDST) is a more viable option compared to a concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) due to consisting a hollow section, while degradation is enhanced simply by using carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP). Hence, the stabilization of a concrete's ductile strength needs high- performance fiber-reinforced cementitious conmposite. This study investigates the behavior of high-performance fiber-reinforced cementitious composite-filled double-skin steel tube (HPCFDST) beams strengthened longitudinally with various layers, lengths, and configurtion of CFRP sheets. The findings showed that, with increased CFRP layers, the moment capacity and flexural stiffness values of the retrofitted HPCFDST beams have significantly improved. For an instant, the moment capacity of HPCFDST beams improved by approximately 28.5% and 32.6% when they were wrapped partially along 100% with two and three layers, respectively, compared to the control beam. Moreover, the moment capacity of the HPCFDST beam using two partial layers of CFRP along 75% of its sufficient length was closed to the findings of the beam with two full CFRP layers. For energy absorption, the results showed a vast disparity. Only the two layers with a 100% full length and partial wrapping showed increasing performance over the control. Furthermore, the typical failure mode of HPCFDST beams was observed to be local buckling at the top surface near the point of loading and CFRP rapture at the bottom of effect length.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dietary Fiber
  10. Fulltext Tensile Strength and Moisture Absorption of Sugar Palm-Polyvinyl Butyral Laminated Composites
    Syaqira S SN, Leman Z, Sapuan SM, Dele-Afolabi TT, Azmah Hanim MA, S B
    Polymers (Basel), 2020 Aug 26;12(9).
    PMID: 32858857 DOI: 10.3390/polym12091923
    Natural fiber reinforced composites have had a great impact on the development of eco-friendly industrial products for several engineering applications. Sugar palm fiber (SPF) is one of the newly found natural fibers with limited experimental investigation. In the present work, sugar palm fiber was employed as the natural fiber reinforcement. The composites were hot compressed with polyvinyl butyral (PVB) to form the structure of laminated composites and then were subjected to tensile testing and moisture absorption. The maximum modulus and tensile strength of 0.84 MPa and 1.59 MPa were registered for samples PVB 80-S and PVB 70-S, respectively. Subsequently, the latter exhibited the highest tensile strain at a maximum load of 356.91%. The moisture absorption test revealed that the samples exhibited better water resistance as the proportion of PVB increased relative to the proportion of SPF due to the remarkable hydrophobic property of PVB in comparison with that of SPF.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dietary Fiber
  11. Fulltext Effect of machining parameters on delamination during milled banana fiber reinforced polyester composites
    Mohd Zurayyen Abdul Mutalib, Mohamad Juraidi Jamal, Syed Azuan Syed Ahmad
    Journal of Engineering and Science Research, 2017;1(1):8-10.
    MyJurnal
    Natural fiber reinforced composites are recognized as better materials for structural components due to their inherent properties. However, milling these materials presents a number of problems, such as surface delamination, which appeared during the machining process, associated with the characteristics of the material and the cutting parameters. Therefore, in this study, machining parameters and the influence of the banana fibers under delamination were investigated. Result showed that machining parameters has a significance effect on the delamination of banana fiber reinforced polyester composites.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dietary Fiber
  12. Association between dietary intake and risk of ovarian cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Khodavandi A, Alizadeh F, Razis AFA
    Eur J Nutr, 2021 Jun;60(4):1707-1736.
    PMID: 32661683 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02332-y
    PURPOSE: It is unclear how dietary intake influences the ovarian cancer. The present paper sets out to systematically review and meta-analyze research on dietary intake to identify cases having high- or low-risk ovarian cancer.

    METHODS: Scopus, PubMed, and Wiley Online Libraries were searched up to the date November 24, 2019. Two reviewers were requested to independently extract study characteristics and to assess the bias and applicability risks with reference to the study inclusion criteria. Meta-analyses were performed to specify the relationship between dietary intake and the risk of ovarian cancer identifying 97 cohort studies.

    RESULTS: No significant association was found between dietary intake and risk of ovarian cancer. The results of subgroup analyses indicated that green leafy vegetables (RR = 0.91, 95%, 0.85-0.98), allium vegetables (RR = 0.79, 95% CI 0.64-0.96), fiber (RR = 0.89, 95% CI 0.81-0.98), flavonoids (RR = 0.83, 95% CI 0.78-0.89) and green tea (RR = 0.61, 95% CI 0.49-0.76) intake could significantly reduce ovarian cancer risk. Total fat (RR = 1.10, 95% CI 1.02-1.18), saturated fat (RR = 1.11, 95% CI 1.01-1.22), saturated fatty acid (RR = 1.19, 95% CI 1.04-1.36), cholesterol (RR = 1.13, 95% CI 1.04-1.22) and retinol (RR = 1.14, 95% CI 1.00-1.30) intake could significantly increase ovarian cancer risk. In addition, acrylamide, nitrate, water disinfectants and polychlorinated biphenyls were significantly associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer.

    CONCLUSION: These results could support recommendations to green leafy vegetables, allium vegetables, fiber, flavonoids and green tea intake for ovarian cancer prevention.

    Matched MeSH terms: Dietary Fiber
  13. Fulltext Textural and sensorial properties of cookies prepared by partial substitution of wheat flour with unripe banana (Musa x paradisiaca var. Tanduk and Musa acuminata var. Emas) flour
    Norhidayah, M., Noorlaila, A., Nur Fatin Izzati, A.
    International Food Research Journal, 2014;21(6):2133-2139.
    MyJurnal
    The textural and sensorial properties of the cookies prepared by partial substitution of wheat flour with two types of unripe banana flour (UBF) were studied. The green matured unripe banana (Musa x paradisiaca var. Tanduk and Musa acuminata var. Emas) was used to partially substitute the usage of wheat flour at 0% (control), 25% and 50% level in the formulated plain cookies. Textural (hardness) and sensorial properties were conducted on all samples. Substitution of UBF to formulation of cookies had increased the hardness of cookies (ranging from 967 N to 1665 N) compared to the control except for substitution of Emas banana flour (EBF) at 50% which was not significantly difference (p > 0.05) with control sample. The substitution of 25% of Tanduk banana flour (TBF) showed the highest mean score in overall acceptability (6.81 ± 1.18) compared to all treated samples. TBF substitution is feasible up to 50% substitution while for EBF, the substitution only up to 25% level in this study.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dietary Fiber
  14. Fulltext Effect of chemical treatment on the surface of natural fiber
    Nor Azwin Ahad, Noraziana Parimin, Norsuria Mahmed, Siti Sarah Ibrahim, Khairul Nizzam, Ying, Mon Ho
    Journal of Nuclear and Related Technologies, 2009;2009(1):0-0.
    MyJurnal
    Currently, research in composite materials is being directed at using natural fibers instead of synthetics fibers. The use of natural fibers, derived from annually renewable resources, as reinforcing fibers in matrix provides positives environmental benefits with respect to ultimate disposability and raw material utilization. Natural fiber offers an alternative to the technical reinforcing fibers because of their low density, good mechanical performance, ultimate availability and disposability. Modifying the fiber surface by using chemical treatment can enhance bond strength between fiber and matrix. Chemical treatment also an effective way to clean the fiber surface, chemically modify the surface and increase the surface roughness. Surface analyses on fiber for before and after treatment were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
    Matched MeSH terms: Dietary Fiber
  15. Fulltext Physico-chemical and sensory evaluation of breads supplemented with pumpkin flour
    See, E.F., Wan Nadiah, W.A., Noor Aziah, A.A.
    International Food Research Journal, 2007;14(2):123-130.
    MyJurnal
    The objective of this project was to determine the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics of bread supplemented with four different levels (control, 5%, 10%, and 15%) of pumpkin flour. The physical (weight, loaf volume, specific volume and oven spring) and chemical (moisture, protein, fat, fibre and ash) attributes were determined in the raw pumpkin, pumpkin flour (PF), control and supplemented breads. Sensory attributes were conducted on the control and supplemented breads. Increasing the level of substitution from 5% to 15% pumpkin flour significantly (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Dietary Fiber
  16. Fulltext Development and physical analysis of high fiber bread incorporated with cocoa (Theobroma cacao sp.) pod husk powder
    Amir, I.Z., Hanida, H.S., Syafiq, A.
    International Food Research Journal, 2013;20(3):1301-1305.
    MyJurnal
    The main approach of this study is to develop high fiber bread by utilizing the cocoa-by products, namely cocoa pod husk which is incorporated into whole meal bread. The cocoa pod husk can be classified as one of the source of high fiber. The cocoa pod husk was dried and milled in order to produce the cocoa pod husk powder (CPHP). There were five different percentages of CPHP level incorporated into the high fiber bread which were formulation A (0% CPHP), formulation B (5% CPHP), formulation C (10% CPHP), formulation D (15% CPHP) and formulation E (20% CPHP). All of the samples undergone physical analysis and sensory evaluation. The incorporation of CPHP give significant effects towards bread volume and hardness attribute where the bread became denser and harder in texture as compared to the control. The color of bread crumb and crust was also changed to darker color. For the overall acceptance, formulation B has the highest mean score among the composite breads (formulation B to E) studied.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dietary Fiber
  17. Fulltext SNR improvements in self-heterodyne detection technique for laser linewidth measurements
    Manimaran, R., Abdul-Rashid, H.A.
    ASM Science Journal, 2008;2(2):133-137.
    MyJurnal
    This paper proposes a signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) improvement by using an external phase modulator that allowed flexible control of the spectrum amplitude by varying the modulation index for linewidth measurements. Compared with the conventional self-heterodyne detection technique, the results obtained in this study showed an SNR improvement as high as 10 dB. This 10 dB improvement in SNR could help to reduce the usage of a particular length of a single mode fibre (normally about 50 Km) when measuring a linewidth in the region of 10 kHz.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dietary Fiber
  18. Fulltext Effect of cornsilk (Maydis stigma) addition in yeast bread: investigation on nutritional compositions, textural properties and sensory acceptability
    Ng, S.H., Wan Rosli, W.l.
    International Food Research Journal, 2013;20(1):339-345.
    MyJurnal
    The proximate compositions, total dietary fibre (TDF) content, textural properties and sensory acceptability of yeast breads formulated with 0%, 2%, 4% and 6% of cornsilk powder (CSP) were studied. The protein, ash and TDF contents of yeast breads were increased in line with the CSP level added whereas moisture content was decreased. Yeast bread added with 6% CSP recorded the highest content of TDF (5.91%), protein (9.76%) and ash (1.03%) compared to other formulation of yeast breads containing lower percentage of CSP. Besides, texture profile analysis (TPA) reported that the firmness, gumminess and chewiness of yeast breads increased directly proportional to the level of CSP added mainly due to higher content of TDF and lower content of moisture. However, for the yeast bread added with 2%CSP, there were no significant differences compared with control yeast bread. Among all cornsilk-based yeast bread, formulation containing 2% CSP had the highest scores for all attributes including overall acceptance and there were no significant differences with control yeast bread. The present study indicated that the addition of 2% CSP could be an effective way to produce functional yeast bread without changing negatively its desirable textural and sensory acceptability.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dietary Fiber
  19. Fulltext Physical properties of abaca (Musa textilis nee) fibre reinforced high impact polystyrene (HIPS) composites
    Agung Efriyo Hadi, Mohd. Sapuan Salit, Megat Mohd. Hamdan Megat Ahmad, Khairul Zaman Hj Mohd. Dahlan, Mustofa Usman
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2011;19(2):349-363.
    MyJurnal
    The physical properties by natural fibre have a great importance, specifically in the structural of natural fibre which reinforces matrix. Response surface methodology with Box-Behnken (BB) design of experiment was utilized to study water absorption and melt flow index (MFI) of abaca fibre reinforced high impact polystyrene (HIPS) composites. The design utilizes fraction of weight abaca fibre, maleic anhydride (MAH), and impact modifier to develop models for characteristic behaviours of water absorption and MFI of composites. Abaca fibre reinforced high impact polystyrene (HIPS) composites were produced with different fibre loadings (30, 40, and 50 wt%), different compositions of coupling agent, maleic anhydried (MAH) (1, 2, and 3 wt%) and different compositions of impact modifier (4, 5, 6 wt%). The individual optimum of water absorption was found when loading abaca fibre close to 34.61 wt%, maleic anhydride 1 wt%, and impact modifier 4.01 wt%. The individual optimum of melt flow index dealt with loading abaca fibre 36.71 wt%, maleic anhydride 3 wt% and impact modifier 4.02 wt%. Meanwhile, the optimum condition for water absorption of abaca fibre reinforced HIPS composites was followed by a decreasing trend of the value of melt flow index.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dietary Fiber
  20. Fulltext Hybrid composites: study on un-treated kenaf/glass fibre properties
    Abdul Malek Ya’acob, Azhar Abu Bakar, Hanafi Ismail, Khairul Zaman Dahlan
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2011;19(2):373-381.
    MyJurnal
    A hybrid composite consisting of untreated kenaf fibre and glass fibre was investigated by varying the fibre glass weight ratios and using interply fabrication method. The expected results were to have better composite performance in terms of its toughness and impact strength as a comparison between the hybrid (kenaf/E-glass fibre composites) and E-GF composites alone. For the purpose of this study, all the samples were prepared using typical sample preparation. Results show that the incorporation of E–glass fibre resulted in brittle failure and a higher amount of E-Glass fibre with low percentage of kenaf fibre causing high strength, low ductile, and low toughness behaviours.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dietary Fiber
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