Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 132 in total

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  1. Comparison of Disintegrant-addition Methods on the Compounding of Orodispersible Tablets
    Mahesparan VA, Bin Abd Razak FS, Ming LC, Uddin AH, Sarker MZI, Bin LK
    Int J Pharm Compd, 2020 3 21;24(2):148-155.
    PMID: 32196477
    Orodispersible tablets disintegrate rapidly (within 3 minutes) in the oral cavity and release the medicament before swallowing. The mode of disintegrant addition might affect the properties of orodispersible tablets. The objective of this study was to formulate and evaluate orodispersible tablets by studying different modes of disintegration addition with varying concentrations of disintegrants. The wet granulation method was used to produce the orodispersible tablets. Two methods of disintegration addition were compared (i.e., intragranular, extragranular). Three disintegrants (i.e., cornstarch, sodium starch glycolate, crospovidone) were used at three levels (5%, 10%, and 15%) in the study. The formulations were tested for the powder flowability (angle of repose) and characterized physically (hardness, weight, thickness, friability, disintegration time). The mangosteen pericarp extract was used as a model active pharmaceutical ingredient to be incorporated into the optimum formulation. It was observed that the extragranular method produced granules with better flowability compared to that of the intragranular method. Crospovidone was found as the most efficient disintegrant among the three. The optimum formulation selected was one with the highest concentration of crospovidone (15%), which showed the fastest disintegration time. The mode of disintegrant addition into the orodispersible tablets formulation was found to show a marked difference in the disintegration, as well as other physical characteristics of the orodispersible tablets where the extragranular mode of addition showed better property, which caused the orodispersible tablets to disintegrate the fastest.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tablets/chemistry*
  2. Three-ways crossover bioequivalence study of cephalexin in healthy Malay volunteers
    Liew KB, Peh KK, Loh GO, Tan YT
    Drug Dev Ind Pharm, 2014 Sep;40(9):1156-62.
    PMID: 23688276 DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2013.798805
    Although the general pharmacokinetics of cephalexin is quite established up-to-date, however, no population-based study on Cephalexin pharmacokinetics profile in Malay population has been reported yet in the literature.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tablets/pharmacokinetics
  3. Fulltext Film Coating of Phosphorylated Mandua Starch on Matrix Tablets for pH-Sensitive Release of Mesalamine
    Malik MK, Kumar V, Kumarasamy V, Singh OP, Kumar M, Dixit R, et al.
    Molecules, 2024 Jul 05;29(13).
    PMID: 38999160 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29133208
    Chemically modified mandua starch was successfully synthesized and applied to coat mesalamine-loaded matrix tablets. The coating material was an aqueous dispersion of mandua starch modified by sodium trimetaphosphate and sodium tripolyphosphate. To investigate the colon-targeting release competence, chemically modified mandua starch film-coated mesalamine tablets were produced using the wet granulation method followed by dip coating. The effect of the coating on the colon-targeted release of the resultant delivery system was inspected in healthy human volunteers and rabbits using roentgenography. The results show that drug release was controlled when the coating level was 10% w/w. The release percentage in the upper gastric phase (pH 1.2, simulated gastric fluid) was less than 6% and reached up to 59.51% w/w after 14 h in simulated colonic fluid. In addition to in vivo roentgenographic studies in healthy rabbits, human volunteer studies proved the colon targeting efficiency of the formulation. These results clearly demonstrated that chemically modified mandua starch has high effectiveness as a novel aqueous coating material for controlled release or colon targeting.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tablets*
  4. Fulltext Engineering of Naproxen Loaded Polymer Hybrid Enteric Microspheres for Modified Release Tablets: Development, Characterization, in silico Modelling and in vivo Evaluation
    Hameed HA, Khan S, Shahid M, Ullah R, Bari A, Ali SS, et al.
    Drug Des Devel Ther, 2020;14:27-41.
    PMID: 32021089 DOI: 10.2147/DDDT.S232111
    BACKGROUND: Naproxen (NP) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with poor aqueous solubility and low oral bioavailability, which may lead to therapeutic failure. NP causes crucial GIT irritation, bleeding, and peptic and duodenal ulcers.

    PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: This study aimed to engineer and characterize polymer hybrid enteric microspheres using an integrated (experimental and molecular modelling) approach with further development to solid dosage form with modified drug release kinetics and improved bioavailability.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: NP loaded polymer hybrid enteric microspheres (PHE-Ms) were fabricated by using a modified solvent evaporation technique coupled with molecular modelling (MM) approach. The PHE-Ms were characterized by particle size, distribution, morphology, crystallinity, EE, drug-polymer compatibility, and DSC. The optimized NP loaded PHE-Ms were further subjected to downstream procedures including tablet dosage form development, stability studies and comparative in vitro-in vivo evaluation.

    RESULTS: The hydrophobic polymer EUD-L100 and hydrophilic polymer HPMC-E5 delayed and modified drug release at intestinal pH while imparting retardation of NP release at gastric pH to diminish the gastric side effects. The crystallinity of the NP loaded PHE-Ms was established through DSC and P (XRD). The particle size for the developed formulations of PEH-Ms (M1-M5) was in the range from 29.06 ±7.3-74.31 ± 17.7 μm with Span index values of 0.491-0.69, respectively. The produced NP hybrid microspheres demonstrated retarded drug release at pH 1.2 and improved dissolution at pH 6.8. The in vitro drug release patterns were fitted to various release kinetic models and the best-followed model was the Higuchi model with a release exponent "n" value > 0.5. Stability studies at different storage conditions confirmed stability of the NP loaded PHE-Ms based tablets (P<0.05). The molecular modelling (MM) study resulted in adequate binding energy of co-polymer complex SLS-Eudragit-HPMC-Naproxen (-3.9 kcal/mol). In contrast to the NP (unprocessed) and marketed formulations, a significant increase in the Cmax of PHE-MT1 (44.41±4.43) was observed.

    CONCLUSION: The current study concludes that developing NP loaded PHE-Ms based tablets could effectively reduce GIT consequences with restored therapeutic effects. The modified release pattern could improve the dissolution rate and enhancement of oral bioavailability. The MM study strengthens the polymer-drug relationship in microspheres.

    Matched MeSH terms: Tablets/chemistry
  5. Fulltext Hydroxyethyl cellulose functionalised with maleimide groups as a new excipient with enhanced mucoadhesive properties
    Buang F, Fu M, Chatzifragkou A, Amin MCIM, Khutoryanskiy VV
    Int J Pharm, 2023 Jul 25;642:123113.
    PMID: 37301242 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123113
    Hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) is a non-ionic water-soluble polymer with poor mucoadhesive properties. The mucoadhesive properties of hydroxyethylcellulose can be improved by modifying it through conjugation with molecules containing maleimide groups. Maleimide groups interact with the thiol groups present in cysteine domains in the mucin via Michael addition reaction under physiological conditions to form a strong mucoadhesive bond. This will prolong the residence time of a dosage form containing this modified polymer and drug on mucosal surfaces. In this study HEC was modified by reaction with 4-bromophenyl maleimide in varying molar ratios and the successful synthesis was confirmed using 1H NMR and FTIR spectroscopies. The safety of the newly synthesised polymer derivatives was assessed with in vivo planaria assays and in vitro MTT assay utilising Caco-2 cell line. The synthesized maleimide-functionalised HEC solutions were sprayed onto blank tablets to develop a model dosage form. The physical properties and mucoadhesive behavior of these tablets were evaluated using a tensile test with sheep buccal mucosa. The maleimide-functionalised HEC exhibited superior mucoadhesive properties compared to unmodified HEC.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tablets/analysis
  6. Taste Masking Study of Cocoa Butter Fast Melt Tablet (FMT) Formulations Containing Memantine Hydrochloride
    Liew KB, Chew YL, Uddin AH, Lee SK, Lakshminarayanan V, Janakiraman AK, et al.
    Int J Pharm Compd, 2024;28(6):502-508.
    PMID: 39642026
    Fast Melt Tablet (FMT) is a newer type of orally disintegrating tablet using the advantage of cocoa butter that melts at body temperature to achieve fast melting effect when the tablet is placed in oral cavity. However, oral disintegrating dosage form must have good palatability so that patients can accept it. The objective of this study is to taste mask a previously developed FMT containing memantine hydrochloride using artificial sweetener namely aspartame and acesulfame K and conduct a palatability study. Six formulations were developed and each sweetener was used at three level (10mg, 20mg and 30mg) to taste mask memantine hydrochloride in FMT. Formulation T7 was selected as the best taste masked formulation. Aspartame 30mg is sufficient to cover the bitter taste of memantine hydrochloride. A taste masked memantine hydrochloride FMT containing 30mg of aspartame was successfully developed. This formulation has hardness of 17.31 (0.18) Newton, 0.51 (0.02) g weight, 6.18 (0.42) mm thickness and in-vitro melting time of 31.16 (1.23) seconds. This novel dosage form has the potential to be commercialized as a patient friendly dosage form to treat Alzheimer's disease.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tablets*
  7. Fulltext Health innovations in patient decision support: Bridging the gaps and challenges
    Ng CJ, Lee YK, Lee PY, Abdullah KL
    Australas Med J, 2013;6(2):95-9.
    PMID: 23483776 DOI: 10.4066/AMJ.2013.1655
    Patient decision aids (PDAs) help to support patients in making an informed and value-based decision. Despite advancement in decision support technologies over the past 30 years, most PDAs are still inaccessible and few address individual needs. Health innovation may provide a solution to bridge these gaps. Information and computer technology provide a platform to incorporate individual profiles and needs into PDAs, making the decision support more personalised. Health innovation may enhance accessibility by using mobile, tablet and Internet technologies; make risk communication more interactive; and identify patient values more effectively. In addition, using databases to capture patient data and the usage of PDAs can help: developers to improve PDAs' design; clinicians to facilitate the decisionmaking process more effectively; and policy makers to make shared decision making more feasible and cost-effective. Health innovation may hold the key to advancing PDAs by creating a more personalised and effective decision support tool for patients making healthcare decisions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tablets
  8. HPMC-based gastroretentive dual working matrices coated with Ca(+2) ion crosslinked alginate-fenugreek gum gel membrane
    Bera H, Gaini C, Kumar S, Sarkar S, Boddupalli S, Ippagunta SR
    Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2016 Oct 01;67:170-181.
    PMID: 27287111 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.05.016
    Novel alginate-fenugreek gum (FG) gel membrane coated hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) based matrix tablets were developed for intragastric quetiapine fumarate (QF) delivery by combining floating and swelling mechanisms. The effects of polymer blend ratios [HPMC K4M:HPMC E15] and citric acid contents on time taken for 50% drug release (t50%, min) and drug release at 8h (Q8h, %) were studied to optimize the core tablets by 3(2) factorial design. The optimized tablets (F-O) exhibited t50% of 247.67±3.51min and Q8h of 71.11±0.32% with minimum errors in prediction. The optimized tablets were coated with Ca(+2) ions crosslinked alginate-FG gel membrane by diffusion-controlled interfacial complexation technique. The biopolymeric-coated optimized matrices exhibited superior buoyancy, preferred swelling characteristics and slower drug release rate. The drug release profiles of the QF-loaded uncoated and coated optimized matrices were best fitted in Korsmeyer-Peppas model with anomalous diffusion driven mechanism. The uncoated and coated tablets containing QF were also characterized for drug-excipients compatibility, thermal behaviour and surface morphology by FTIR, DSC and SEM analyses, respectively. Thus, the newly developed alginate-FG gel membrane coated HPMC matrices are appropriate for intragastric delivery of QF over a prolonged period of time with greater therapeutic benefits.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tablets, Enteric-Coated
  9. Investigation of Filler Effects on the Compounding of Freeze-dried Orodispersible Tablets Containing Annona muricata Extract
    Azman SEN, Abd Razak FS, Kamal WHBW, Zheng GK, Ming LC, Uddin AH, et al.
    Int J Pharm Compd, 2020 11 21;24(6):509-514.
    PMID: 33217741
    Orally disintegrating tablets are a solid dosage form that will disintegrate rapidly within 3 minutes upon contact with saliva. Fillers or diluents are excipients that are used to make up the volume of orally disintegrating tablets, and some might act as a disintegrant or binder that will affect the physical properties of orally disintegrating tablets. The objective of this study was to formulate and evaluate physical properties of orally disintegrating tablets containing Annona muricata leaves extract by a freeze-drying method using different fillers at different concentrations. In this study, fifteen formulations of orally disintegrating tablets were prepared by a freeze-drying method with different fillers such as starch, lactose, microcrystalline cellulose, StarLac, and CombiLac at 5%, 10%, and 15%. The orally disintegrating tablets were evaluated for hardness, thickness, weight variation, friability, and disintegration time test. The optimum formulation was chosen and incorporated with Annona muricata leaves extract. The results obtained in this work indicated that Formulation 3, with 15% starch, was the most optimum formulation due to the shortest disintegration time (21.08 seconds ± 4.24 seconds), and all the physical tests were within the acceptable range. The orally disintegrating tablets containing Annona muricata leaves extract possessed antioxidant activity and stable at least for 3 months under 60°C and 75% relative humidity.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tablets
  10. Sifat fizikal dan kajian in vitro tablet matriks pelepasan tertahan ketoprofen
    Ibrahim Ijang, Mohd Cairul Iqbal Mohd Amin, Bukhori Abu Bakar
    Sains Malaysiana, 2010;39.
    Penggunaan formulasi tablet pelepasan tertahan untuk dadah anti-inflamatori bukan steroid (DAIBS) seperti aspirin berupaya melindungi lapisan perut dari kesan buruk jus asid tubuh. Kajian ini dilakukan untuk menilai keberkesanan formulasi tablet matriks pelepasan tertahan dengan kepelbagaian kepekatan polimer bersama ketoprofen sebagai model. Tablet dibangunkan dengan menggunakan kaedah granulasi basah yang terdiri daripada polimer hidrofilik (hidroksipropil metilselulosa), polimer hidrifobik bersandar pada pH (Eudragit L100-55) dan polimer tak bersandar pada pH (Eudragit R100) sebagai bahan asas pembentukan matriks pada kepekatan 10, 20 dan 30%b/b. Semua formulasi dimampatkan dengan menggunakan mesin pentabletan yang mempunyai penebuk berbentuk cembung bersaiz 10 mm. Tablet yang terhasil diuji daripada segi keseragaman berat, kekerasan, kerapuhan, ketebalan, peratus kandungan dadah dan kajian pelepasan in vitro menggunakan kaedah BP 2007. Hasil menunjukkan kadar pelepasan dadah dikawal oleh jenis dan kepekatan polimer di dalam formulasi matriks. Secara umumnya peningkatan kepekatan kandungan polimer di dalam tablet matriks didapati mengurangkan kadar pelepasan dadah. Perbandingan polimer melalui kepekatan yang sama menggunakan t50%, pula mendapati terdapat perbezaan statistik bermakna (p<0.05) pada kadar pelepasan dadah. Berdasarkan kepada pelepasan dadah dalam kajian in vitro, polimer hidrofobik bersandar pada pH (Eudragit L100-55) menunjukkan profil pelepasan dadah secara tertib sifar yang terbaik berbanding polimer yang lain.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tablets
  11. Design and optimization of a probiotic tablet for gastrointestinal tolerance by a simplex-centroid mixture
    Azhar MA, Munaim MSA
    Drug Dev Ind Pharm, 2021 Feb;47(2):189-196.
    PMID: 33290104 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1862176
    In this study, a simplex-centroid mixture design using design of experiment (DOE) software was implemented to evaluate the effect of biopolymers as excipients, which are hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and alginate, on the gastrointestinal tolerance of probiotic tablet containing Saccharomyces boulardii. Microbial viability and dissolution time were used to evaluate the ideal formulation made using 39.01% carboxymethylcellulose and 60.99% alginate as excipients, which protected the probiotics from the acidic condition in the stomach with good dissolution time. The formulated probiotic tablet is more stable in terms of viability when stored at 4 °C compared to room temperature. However, the viability remains above 106 CFU/tablet after six months of storage at room temperature. This study shows that the simplex-centroid mixture design is valid and can be used to formulate probiotic tablets that possess gastrointestinal tolerance. This study can lead to the development of commercial production of probiotic yeast tablets with gastrointestinal tolerance.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tablets
  12. Topologically directed confocal Raman imaging (TD-CRI): Advanced Raman imaging towards compositional and micromeritic profiling of a commercial tablet components
    Muthudoss P, Kumar S, Ann EYC, Young KJ, Chi RLR, Allada R, et al.
    J Pharm Biomed Anal, 2022 Feb 20;210:114581.
    PMID: 35026592 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114581
    Particle size distribution (PSD), spatial location and particle cluster size of ingredients, polymorphism, compositional distribution of a pharmaceutical product are few of the most important attributes in establishing the drug release-controlling microstructural and solid state properties that would be used to (re)design or reproduce similar products. There are numerous solid-state techniques available for PSD analysis. Laser diffraction (LD) is mostly used to study PSD of raw materials. However, a constraint of LD is the interference between the active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) and excipients, where it is very challenging to measure API size in a tablet. X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) is widely employed in establishing the polymorphism of API and excipients. This research examined a commercial osmotic tablet in terms of extracting solid state properties of API and functional excipient by Raman Imaging. Establishing repeatability, reproducibility, and sample representativeness when the samples are non-uniform and inhomogeneous necessitates multiple measurements. In such scenarios, when employing imaging-based techniques, it can be time-consuming and tedious. Advanced statistical methodologies are used to overcome these disadvantages and expedite the characterization process. Overall, this study demonstrates that Raman imaging can be employed as a non-invasive and effective offline method for assessing the solid-state characteristics of API and functional excipients in complex dosage forms like osmotic tablets.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tablets
  13. Fulltext Fast Melt Cocoa Butter Tablet: Effect of Waxes, Starch, and PEG 6000 on Physical Properties of the Preparation
    Liew KB, Ming LC, Goh BH, Peh KK
    Molecules, 2022 May 13;27(10).
    PMID: 35630605 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103128
    A fast melt tablet (FMT) is well regarded as an alternative delivery system that might help resolve a patient's non-compliance issue. The main objective of this study was to develop a cocoa butter-based FMT. Additives, namely 5-15% of PEG 6000, beeswax, paraffin wax, and corn starch, were incorporated into the cocoa butter-based FMT to study the effects of these additives with the physical characteristic of a cocoa butter FMT. An optimum-based formulation was chosen according to the desired hardness and disintegration time and the taste masking property achieved with the model drug-dapoxetine. The analysis demonstrated that incorporating beeswax (15%) and paraffin wax (15%) could prolong the disintegration time by at least two-fold. On the contrary, the presence of corn starch was found to cause an increase in the hardness and reduction of the disintegration time. The disintegration mechanism might be presumed due to the synergistic effect of starch swelling and cocoa butter melting. The hardness value and in vitro disintegration time of the optimum formulation were recorded at 2.93 ± 0.22 kg and 151.67 ± 6.98 s. In terms of dissolution, 80% of dapoxetine was released within 30 min and the dissolution profile was comparable to the innovator product. The formulation was palatable and stable for at least 1 year. The exposure of the FMT formulation at 30 °C for 12 months was reported to be stable. Along with the sound palatability profile and high drug load capacity, the current formulation possesses the desired characteristics to be scaled up and marketed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tablets
  14. Formulation variables affecting drug release from xanthan gum matrices at laboratory scale and pilot scale
    Billa N, Yuen KH
    AAPS PharmSciTech, 2000;1(4):E30.
    PMID: 14727895
    The purpose of this research was to study processing variables at the laboratory and pilot scales that can affect hydration rates of xanthan gum matrices containing diclofenac sodium and the rate of drug release. Tablets from the laboratory scale and pilot scale proceedings were made by wet granulation. Swelling indices of xanthan gum formulations prepared with different amounts of water were measured in water under a magnifying lens. Granules were thermally treated in an oven at 60 degrees C, 70 degrees C, and 80 degrees C to study the effects of elevated temperatures on drug release from xanthan gum matrices. Granules from the pilot scale formulations were bulkier compared to their laboratory scale counterparts, resulting in more porous, softer tablets. Drug release was linear from xanthan gum matrices prepared at the laboratory scale and pilot scales; however, release was faster from the pilot scales. Thermal treatment of the granules did not affect the swelling index and rate of drug release from tablets in both the pilot and laboratory scale proceedings. On the other hand, the release from both proceedings was affected by the amount of water used for granulation and the speed of the impeller during granulation. The data suggest that processing variables that affect the degree of wetness during granulation, such as increase in impeller speed and increase in amount of water used for granulation, also may affect the swelling index of xanthan gum matrices and therefore the rate of drug release.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tablets/metabolism; Tablets/chemistry
  15. Design and evaluation of a gastroretentive drug delivery system for metformin HCl using synthetic and semi-synthetic polymers
    Meka VS, Gorajana A, Dharmanlingam SR, Kolapalli VR
    Invest Clin, 2013 Dec;54(4):347-59.
    PMID: 24502177
    The aim of the present research was to prepare and evaluate a gastroretentive drug delivery system for metformin HCl, using synthetic and semi-synthetic polymers. The floating approach was applied for preparing gastroretentive tablets (GRT) and these tablets were manufactured by the direct compression method. The drug delivery system comprises of synthetic and semi-synthetic polymers such as polyethylene oxide and Carboxymethyl ethyl cellulose (CMEC) as release-retarding polymers. GRT were evaluated for physico-chemical properties like weight variation, hardness, assay friability, in vitro floating behaviour, swelling studies, in vitro dissolution studies and rate order kinetics. Based upon the drug release and floating properties, two formulations (MP04 & MC03) were selected as optimized formulations. The optimized formulations MP04 and MC03 followed zero order rate kinetics, with non-Fickian diffusion and first order rate kinetics with erosion mechanism, respectively. The optimized formulation was characterised with FTIR studies and it was observed that there was no interaction between the drug and polymers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tablets
  16. Fulltext SMARTbot: A Behavioral Analysis Framework Augmented with Machine Learning to Identify Mobile Botnet Applications
    Karim A, Salleh R, Khan MK
    PLoS One, 2016;11(3):e0150077.
    PMID: 26978523 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150077
    Botnet phenomenon in smartphones is evolving with the proliferation in mobile phone technologies after leaving imperative impact on personal computers. It refers to the network of computers, laptops, mobile devices or tablets which is remotely controlled by the cybercriminals to initiate various distributed coordinated attacks including spam emails, ad-click fraud, Bitcoin mining, Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS), disseminating other malwares and much more. Likewise traditional PC based botnet, Mobile botnets have the same operational impact except the target audience is particular to smartphone users. Therefore, it is import to uncover this security issue prior to its widespread adaptation. We propose SMARTbot, a novel dynamic analysis framework augmented with machine learning techniques to automatically detect botnet binaries from malicious corpus. SMARTbot is a component based off-device behavioral analysis framework which can generate mobile botnet learning model by inducing Artificial Neural Networks' back-propagation method. Moreover, this framework can detect mobile botnet binaries with remarkable accuracy even in case of obfuscated program code. The results conclude that, a classifier model based on simple logistic regression outperform other machine learning classifier for botnet apps' detection, i.e 99.49% accuracy is achieved. Further, from manual inspection of botnet dataset we have extracted interesting trends in those applications. As an outcome of this research, a mobile botnet dataset is devised which will become the benchmark for future studies.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tablets
  17. Fulltext Tell tale of tablets in bronchus
    Shimpi T, Chawla A, Shikhare S
    Med J Malaysia, 2015 Feb;70(1):36-7.
    PMID: 26032528
    Foreign body (FB) aspiration is an emergency of concern at all ages. However, in adults, it can present with atypical symptoms such as shortness of breath, wheezing or rarely cyanosis. Aspiration of oral medications is seen in the elderly population with impairment of protective airway mechanism. Treatment of choice is endoscopic removal of the foreign body. We report such a case of foreign body aspiration (potassium chloride tablet), diagnosed on imaging and subsequently developed bronchostenosis. There are a very few reported cases of oral potassium supplement aspiration and associated complications in the literature.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tablets
  18. Fulltext New film-coated tablet formulation of deferasirox is well tolerated in patients with thalassemia or lower-risk MDS: Results of the randomized, phase II ECLIPSE study
    Taher AT, Origa R, Perrotta S, Kourakli A, Ruffo GB, Kattamis A, et al.
    Am J Hematol, 2017 May;92(5):420-428.
    PMID: 28142202 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.24668
    Once-daily deferasirox dispersible tablets (DT) have a well-defined safety and efficacy profile and, compared with parenteral deferoxamine, provide greater patient adherence, satisfaction, and quality of life. However, barriers still exist to optimal adherence, including gastrointestinal tolerability and palatability, leading to development of a new film-coated tablet (FCT) formulation that can be swallowed with a light meal, without the need to disperse into a suspension prior to consumption. The randomized, open-label, phase II ECLIPSE study evaluated the safety of deferasirox DT and FCT formulations over 24 weeks in chelation-naïve or pre-treated patients aged ≥10 years, with transfusion-dependent thalassemia or IPSS-R very-low-, low-, or intermediate-risk myelodysplastic syndromes. One hundred seventy-three patients were randomized 1:1 to DT (n = 86) or FCT (n = 87). Adverse events (overall), consistent with the known deferasirox safety profile, were reported in similar proportions of patients for each formulation (DT 89.5%; FCT 89.7%), with a lower frequency of severe events observed in patients receiving FCT (19.5% vs. 25.6% DT). Laboratory parameters (serum creatinine, creatinine clearance, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and urine protein/creatinine ratio) generally remained stable throughout the study. Patient-reported outcomes showed greater adherence and satisfaction, better palatability and fewer concerns with FCT than DT. Treatment compliance by pill count was higher with FCT (92.9%) than with DT (85.3%). This analysis suggests deferasirox FCT offers an improved formulation with enhanced patient satisfaction, which may improve adherence, thereby reducing frequency and severity of iron overload-related complications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tablets, Enteric-Coated/administration & dosage; Tablets, Enteric-Coated/adverse effects; Tablets, Enteric-Coated/chemistry
  19. Fulltext Contact angle and surface free energy of PVC and Eudragit RS 100 in binary mixture study
    Mohd Cairul Iqbal Mohd Amin, Fell, J.T.
    Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2006;4(1):1-8.
    MyJurnal
    Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and ammonio methacrylate copolymer (Eudragit RS 100) were used as models in binary mixture tablets of direct compression study. Eudragit RS 100 is a copolymer synthesized from acrylic and methacrylic acid esters with a low content of quaternary ammonium groups. Combination of PVC and Eudragit RS 100 of different polarities and knowing the surface free energy values allow the possibility of predicting the tensile strength of the tablets. Specimens of 500 mg in the form of thin plates (25 mm x 12.5 mm), were made by compressing each powder at 20 000 MP a compression pressure using a special punch and die set. A Howden Universal Testing Machine was used to compress the powder. Contact angle measurements of the samples were carried out using a Wilhelmy balance, ran by a Cahn Dynamic Contact Angle Machine while different test liquids media such as water, glycerol, formamide and PEG 200 were used in the study. The surface free energy values of the solid materials were calculated using Wu's equation. The results showed large differences between the advancing and receding contact angle values for both materials when tested with glycerol: PVC (0) and PVC (0,) were 93.2 and 65.24 while Eudragit RS 100 (0) and Eudragit RS 100 (0) were 94.56 and 68.18 respectively. The surface free energy values for PVC using PEG 200-glycerol liquid pair were Is: 38.01, ysci: 33.42, ysP: 4.59 and for Eudragit RS 100 using formamide-glycerol liquid pair were ys: 75.03, yd: 51.66, ysP : 23.37, respectively. The results showed harder solid material like Eudragit RS 100 had higher surface free energy compared to elastic material like PVC.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tablets
  20. Fulltext Optimized parameters of wastewater treatment system using fuzzy control
    Ilanur Muhaini Mohd Noor, Muhamad Kamal Mohammed Amin
    Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology, 2017;5(2):27-35.
    MyJurnal
    This paper aim is to design an education kit for wastewater system that can maintain
    the standard parameters of neutralized wastewater by maintaining the suitable pH
    (Potential Hydronium) level and temperature of the wastewater from industry by using
    fuzzy controller. This study is capable to control the unwanted bacteria by automatic
    regulatory and monitoring the temperature, pH and water level. Fuzzy logic method is
    use to control and monitor pH level as well as the temperature during clarifying process
    because pH control process is a complex physical-chemistry process of strong
    individuality of time-varying and non-linearity properties. Pumps used in the prototype
    need to be controlled precisely to enable either acid or base to be pumped into mix
    tank of the wastewater treatment. The control and monitoring system, which has been
    designed through LabVIEW front panel will ease end user in inspection of the
    parameters involve in wastewater treatment. The entire system output could be
    observed remotely in Data Dashboard application in smartphone or tablet. The GUI
    was designed and interfaced with the prototype constructed to carry out the process
    of controlling and monitoring the required parameters. Few tests were conducted
    repetitively to analyse the performance of the system parameters. It was found that
    the controlled set point fixed within the range of pH 7.6-8.4, temperature 25-29.44
    Celsius and water level of 20cm in this research that was effectively achieved in the
    entire test conducted. In addition, the wastewater system accuracy and performance
    is 96.72% and 90.22% respectively.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tablets
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