Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 60 in total

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  1. Fulltext Selenium and Prostate Cancer: Analysis of Individual Participant Data From Fifteen Prospective Studies
    Allen NE, Travis RC, Appleby PN, Albanes D, Barnett MJ, Black A, et al.
    J Natl Cancer Inst, 2016 11;108(11).
    PMID: 27385803 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djw153
    BACKGROUND: Some observational studies suggest that a higher selenium status is associated with a lower risk of prostate cancer but have been generally too small to provide precise estimates of associations, particularly by disease stage and grade.

    METHODS: Collaborating investigators from 15 prospective studies provided individual-participant records (from predominantly men of white European ancestry) on blood or toenail selenium concentrations and prostate cancer risk. Odds ratios of prostate cancer by selenium concentration were estimated using multivariable-adjusted conditional logistic regression. All statistical tests were two-sided.

    RESULTS: Blood selenium was not associated with the risk of total prostate cancer (multivariable-adjusted odds ratio [OR] per 80 percentile increase = 1.01, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.83 to 1.23, based on 4527 case patients and 6021 control subjects). However, there was heterogeneity by disease aggressiveness (ie, advanced stage and/or prostate cancer death, Pheterogeneity = .01), with high blood selenium associated with a lower risk of aggressive disease (OR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.21 to 0.87) but not with nonaggressive disease. Nail selenium was inversely associated with total prostate cancer (OR = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.22 to 0.40, Ptrend < .001, based on 1970 case patients and 2086 control subjects), including both nonaggressive (OR = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.22 to 0.50) and aggressive disease (OR = 0.18, 95% CI = 0.11 to 0.31, Pheterogeneity = .08).

    CONCLUSIONS: Nail, but not blood, selenium concentration is inversely associated with risk of total prostate cancer, possibly because nails are a more reliable marker of long-term selenium exposure. Both blood and nail selenium concentrations are associated with a reduced risk of aggressive disease, which warrants further investigation.

    Matched MeSH terms: Selenium/analysis*; Selenium/blood
  2. Fulltext Effect of organic and inorganic dietary selenium supplementation on gene expression in oviduct tissues and Selenoproteins gene expression in Lohman Brown-classic laying hens
    Muhammad AI, Dalia AM, Loh TC, Akit H, Samsudin AA
    BMC Vet Res, 2021 Aug 21;17(1):281.
    PMID: 34419016 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-02964-0
    BACKGROUND: The oviduct of a hen provides a conducive environment for egg formation, which needs a large amount of mineral elements from the blood via trans-epithelial permeability. Eggshell is the calcified layer on the outside of an egg that provides protection and is critical for egg quality. However, little is known about the genes or proteins involved in eggshell formation, and their relationship to dietary microminerals. We hypothesized that dietary selenium supplementation in chickens will influence genes involved in eggshell biomineralization, and improve laying hen antioxidant capacity. The objective of this research was to investigate how organic and inorganic dietary selenium supplementation affected mRNA expression of shell gland genes involved in eggshell biomineralization, and selenoproteins gene expression in Lohman Brown-Classic laying hens.

    RESULTS: Shell gland (Uterus) and liver tissue samples were collected from hens during the active growth phase of calcification (15-20 h post-ovulation) for RT-PCR analysis. In the oviduct (shell gland and magnum) and liver of laying hens, the relative expression of functional eggshell and hepatic selenoproteins genes was investigated. Results of qPCR confirmed the higher (p 

    Matched MeSH terms: Selenium/administration & dosage*; Selenium/chemistry
  3. Fulltext Organic Selenium as Antioxidant Additive in Mitigating Acrylamide in Coffee Beans Roasted via Conventional and Superheated Steam
    Alafeef AK, Ariffin F, Zulkurnain M
    Foods, 2020 Aug 29;9(9).
    PMID: 32872507 DOI: 10.3390/foods9091197
    Selenium is an essential micronutrient with significant antioxidant activity promising in mitigating the formation of acrylamide during high-temperature roasting. In this study, green coffee beans pretreated with selenium (Se-coffee) were investigated on their selenium uptake, selenium retention in green and roasted beans, antioxidant activities, and formation of acrylamide during conventional and superheated steam roasting. Comparisons were made with positive (pretreated without selenium) and negative (untreated) controls. The acrylamide formation was significantly inhibited in Se-coffee (108.9-165.3 μg/kg) compared to the positive and negative controls by 73.9% and 52.8%, respectively. The reduction of acrylamide by superheated steam roasting only observed in the untreated coffee beans (negative control) by 32.4% parallel to the increase in its antioxidant activity. Selenium pretreatment significantly increased antioxidant activity of the roasted Se-coffee beans after roasting although soaking pretreatment significantly reduced antioxidant activity in the green beans. Acrylamide reduction in the roasted coffee beans strongly correlated with the change in antioxidant capacities after roasting (∆FRAP, 0.858; ∆DPPH, 0.836). The results indicate that the antioxidant properties of the organic selenium suppressed acrylamide formation during coffee roasting.
    Matched MeSH terms: Selenium
  4. Solution Processed Bi-Based Sensitized Solar Cell: Effects of Post Heat Treatment
    Chai YC, Jun HK
    J Nanosci Nanotechnol, 2019 Jun 01;19(6):3505-3510.
    PMID: 30744778 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2019.16099
    Nanosize semiconductors have been used as active sensitizers for the application of quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSSC). "Green" sensitizers are introduced as an alternative for the toxic Cd and Pb based compounds. In this work, Bi₂S₃ quantum dots (QDs) were fabricated and used as sensitizers in QDSSC. QDs were grown on TiO₂ electrode via solution dipping process. Although the performance of "green" QDSSC is not as high as that of CdS or CdSe based QDSSCs, its performance can be enhanced with post heat treatment. The effect is dependent on the heat treatment temperature profile where gradual increase of sintering temperature is preferred. The effects of post heat treatment on Bi₂S₃ sensitized TiO₂ electrodes are investigated and discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Selenium Compounds
  5. Fulltext Quantification of coral sperm collected during a synchronous spawning event
    Teo A, Guest JR, Neo ML, Vicentuan K, Todd PA
    PeerJ, 2016;4:e2180.
    PMID: 27478697 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2180
    Most studies of coral reproductive biology to date have focused on oocyte numbers and sizes. Only one (ex situ) study has enumerated sperm numbers, even though these data have multiple potential applications. We quantified total coral sperm and eggs per gamete bundle collected from six species in situ during a synchronous spawning event in Singapore. Egg-sperm bundles were captured midwater as they floated towards the surface after being released by the colony. For each sample, a semi-transparent soft plastic bottle was squeezed and released to create a small suction force that was used to 'catch' the bundles. This technique provided several advantages over traditional methods, including low cost, ease of use, no diving prior to the night of collection needed, and the ability to target specific areas of the colony. The six species sampled were Echinophyllia aspera, Favites abdita, F. chinensis, Merulina ampliata, M. scabricula and Platygyra pini. The mean number of sperm packaged within one egg-sperm bundle ranged from 2.04 × 10(6) to 1.93 × 10(7). The mean number of eggs per egg-sperm bundle ranged from 26.67 (SE ± 3.27) to 85.33 (SE ± 17.79). These data are critical for fertilisation success models, but the collection technique described could also be applied to studies requiring in situ spawning data at the polyp level.
    Matched MeSH terms: Selenium Radioisotopes
  6. Fulltext The final spawning ground of Tachypleus gigas (Müller, 1785) on the east Peninsular Malaysia is at risk: a call for action
    Nelson BR, Satyanarayana B, Moh JHZ, Ikhwanuddin M, Chatterji A, Shaharom F
    PeerJ, 2016;4:e2232.
    PMID: 27547542 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2232
    Tanjung Selongor and Pantai Balok (State Pahang) are the only two places known for spawning activity of the Malaysian horseshoe crab - Tachypleus gigas (Müller, 1785) on the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. While the former beach has been disturbed by several anthropogenic activities that ultimately brought an end to the spawning activity of T. gigas, the status of the latter remains uncertain. In the present study, the spawning behavior of T. gigas at Pantai Balok (Sites I-III) was observed over a period of thirty six months, in three phases, between 2009 and 2013. Every year, the crab's nesting activity was found to be high during Southwest monsoon (May-September) followed by Northeast (November-March) and Inter monsoon (April and October) periods. In the meantime, the number of female T. gigas in 2009-2010 (Phase-1) was higher (38 crabs) than in 2010-2011 (Phase-2: 7 crabs) and 2012-2013 (Phase-3: 9 crabs) for which both increased overexploitation (for edible and fishmeal preparations) as well as anthropogenic disturbances in the vicinity (sand mining since 2009, land reclamation for wave breaker/parking lot constructions in 2011 and fishing jetty construction in 2013) are responsible. In this context, the physical infrastructure developments have altered the sediment close to nesting sites to be dominated by fine sand (2.5Xφ ) with moderately-well sorted (0.6-0.7σφ), very-coarse skewed (-2.4SKφ), and extremely leptokurtic (12.6Kφ) properties. Also, increased concentrations of Cadmium (from 4.2 to 13.6 mg kg(-1)) and Selenium (from 11.5 to 23.3 mg kg(-1)) in the sediment, and Sulphide (from 21 to 28 µg l(-1)) in the water were observed. In relation to the monsoonal changes affecting sheltered beach topography and sediment flux, the spawning crabs have shown a seasonal nest shifting behaviour in-between Sites I-III during 2009-2011. However, in 2012-2013, the crabs were mostly restricted to the areas (i.e., Sites I and II) with high oxygen (5.5-8.0 mg l(-1)) and moisture depth (6.2-10.2 cm). In view of the sustained anthropogenic pressure on the coastal habitats on one hand and decreasing horseshoe crabs population on the other, it is crucial to implement both conservation and management measures for T. gigas at Pantai Balok. Failing that may lead to the loss of this final spawning ground on the east coast of P. Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Selenium
  7. Synthesis of zinc selenide/graphene oxide composite via direct and indirect hydrothermal method
    Kee LH, Ying Chyi JL, Zainal Abidin Talib, Mohammad Shuhazlly Mamat, Hong Ngee JL, Fakhrurrazi Ashari, et al.
    Sains Malaysiana, 2016;45:1201-1206.
    Zinc selenide/graphene oxide (ZnSe/GO) composite is synthesized using hydrothermal method. Two different methods
    such as direct and indirect route have been investigated to form the ZnSe/GO composite. In this research, the graphene
    oxide used was in sheet and liquid form. The synthesized composite was then characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD)
    for phase identification, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) for morphology analysis and ultravioletvisible
    spectroscopy (UV-Vis) for optical properties. ZnSe/GO composite showed absorption peak ranging from 460 to
    480 nm with the optical band gap obtained through Tauc equation. The optical band gap of the ZnSe/GO composite has
    been tuned down to a smaller value as compared to the bulk ZnSe compound. The optical band gap has been reduced
    to around 2.53 eV when liquid graphene oxide was used while around 2.23 to 2.32 eV when graphene oxide sheet was
    used. The purity of ZnSe/GO composite synthesis via indirect hydrothermal method is higher than those synthesized via
    direct hydrothermal method. The type of graphene oxide will affect the morphology of the composite where the ZnSe
    compound was either wrapped by tiny thorn-like substance or graphene oxide layer.
    Matched MeSH terms: Selenium Compounds
  8. Fulltext A novel DNA nanosensor based on CdSe/ZnS quantum dots and synthesized Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles
    Hushiarian R, Yusof NA, Abdullah AH, Ahmad SA, Dutse SW
    Molecules, 2014 Apr 09;19(4):4355-68.
    PMID: 24722589 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19044355
    Although nanoparticle-enhanced biosensors have been extensively researched, few studies have systematically characterized the roles of nanoparticles in enhancing biosensor functionality. This paper describes a successful new method in which DNA binds directly to iron oxide nanoparticles for use in an optical biosensor. A wide variety of nanoparticles with different properties have found broad application in biosensors because their small physical size presents unique chemical, physical, and electronic properties that are different from those of bulk materials. Of all nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles are proving to be a versatile tool, an excellent case in point being in DNA bioassays, where magnetic nanoparticles are often used for optimization of the hybridization and separation of target DNA. A critical step in the successful construction of a DNA biosensor is the efficient attachment of biomolecules to the surface of magnetic nanoparticles. To date, most methods of synthesizing these nanoparticles have led to the formation of hydrophobic particles that require additional surface modifications. As a result, the surface to volume ratio decreases and nonspecific bindings may occur so that the sensitivity and efficiency of the device deteriorates. A new method of large-scale synthesis of iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles which results in the magnetite particles being in aqueous phase, was employed in this study. Small modifications were applied to design an optical DNA nanosensor based on sandwich hybridization. Characterization of the synthesized particles was carried out using a variety of techniques and CdSe/ZnS core-shell quantum dots were used as the reporter markers in a spectrofluorophotometer. We showed conclusively that DNA binds to the surface of ironoxide nanoparticles without further surface modifications and that these magnetic nanoparticles can be efficiently utilized as biomolecule carriers in biosensing devices.
    Matched MeSH terms: Selenium Compounds/chemistry*
  9. Fulltext Diet and cancer
    Med J Malaysia, 1988 Dec;43(4):348-9.
    PMID: 2853823
    Matched MeSH terms: Selenium/adverse effects
  10. Involvement of TRPM2 Channel on Hypoxia-Induced Oxidative Injury, Inflammation, and Cell Death in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells: Modulator Action of Selenium Nanoparticles
    Özkaya D, Nazıroğlu M, Vanyorek L, Muhamad S
    Biol Trace Elem Res, 2021 Apr;199(4):1356-1369.
    PMID: 33389617 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02556-3
    Hypoxia (HYPX) in several eye diseases such as glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy causes oxidative cell death and inflammation. TRPM2 cation channel is activated by HYPX-induced ADP-ribose (ADPR) and oxidative stress. The protective role of selenium via inhibition of TRPM2 on the HYPX-induced oxidative cytotoxicity and inflammation values in the human kidney cell line was recently reported. However, the protective role of selenium nanoparticles (SeNP) on the values in the retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE-19) cells has not been clarified yet. In the current study, we investigated two subjects. First, we investigated the involvement of TRPM2 channel on the HYPX-induced oxidative injury, inflammation, and apoptosis in the ARPE-19 cells. Second, we investigated the protective role of SeNP via inhibition of TRPM2 channel on the HYPX-induced oxidative injury and apoptosis in the ARPE-19 cells. For the aims, the ARPE-19 cells were divided into four main groups as follows: Control (Ctr), SeNP (2.5 μg/ml for 24 h), HYPX (200 μM CoCl2 for 24 h), and HYPX+SeNP. The TRPM2 current density and Ca2+ fluorescence intensity with an increase of mitochondrial membrane depolarization and oxygen free radical (OFR) generations were increased in the ARPE-19 cells by the treatment of HYPX. There was no increase of Ca2+ fluorescence intensity in the pre-treated cells with PARP-1 inhibitors (DPQ and PJ34) or in the presence of Ca2+-free extracellular buffer. When HYPX-induced TRPM2 activity was treated by SeNP and TRPM2 (2-APB and ACA) blockers, the increases of OFR generation, cytokine (TNF-α and IL-1β) levels, TRPM2, and PARP-1 expressions were restored. In conclusion, the exposure of HYPX caused mitochondrial oxidative cell cytotoxicity and cell death via TRPM2-mediated Ca2+ signaling and may provide an avenue for treating HYPX-induced retinal diseases associated with the excessive OFR and Ca2+ influx.
    Matched MeSH terms: Selenium*
  11. Fulltext Effect of Microbiota-Selenoprotein on Meat Selenium Content and Meat Quality of Broiler Chickens
    Mohamed DA, Sazili AQ, Teck Chwen L, Samsudin AA
    Animals (Basel), 2020 Jun 04;10(6).
    PMID: 32512947 DOI: 10.3390/ani10060981
    Selenium (Se) is able to transform from inorganic to organic forms via many bacterial species. This feature is being considered for delivering more bioavailable selenium compounds such as selenocysteine and selenomethionine for human and animal diet. This study investigated the effects of bacterial selenoprotein versus inorganic Se on the carcass characteristics, breast meat selenium content, antioxidant status, and meat quality of broiler chickens. One hundred and eighty chicks were randomly allotted to five treatments of a basal diet supplemented with no Se, sodium selenite, Enterobactercloacae Selenium (ADS1-Se), Klebsiellapneumoniae-Selenium (ADS2-Se), and Stenotrophomonasmaltophilia-Selenium (ADS18-Se). The results showed that bacterial selenoprotein has the ability to deposit more Se in the breast meat compared to sodium selenite. Both Se sources reduced breast meat drip loss, cooking loss, shear force, and 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) significantly. It also increased total antioxidant (TAC) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in comparison with the negative control. The highest activity of (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) was found in bacterial selenoprotein. In conclusion, bacterial selenoprotein is more efficient than sodium selenite in increasing the breast meat Se deposition and oxidative capacity of broiler chickens. Therefore, it can be effectively used to produce Se-rich meat as a functional food.
    Matched MeSH terms: Selenium; Selenium Compounds
  12. Fulltext Association of Selenoprotein and Selenium Pathway Genotypes with Risk of Colorectal Cancer and Interaction with Selenium Status
    Fedirko V, Jenab M, Méplan C, Jones JS, Zhu W, Schomburg L, et al.
    Nutrients, 2019 Apr 25;11(4).
    PMID: 31027226 DOI: 10.3390/nu11040935
    Selenoprotein genetic variations and suboptimal selenium (Se) levels may contribute to the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) development. We examined the association between CRC risk and genotype for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in selenoprotein and Se metabolic pathway genes. Illumina Goldengate assays were designed and resulted in the genotyping of 1040 variants in 154 genes from 1420 cases and 1421 controls within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Multivariable logistic regression revealed an association of 144 individual SNPs from 63 Se pathway genes with CRC risk. However, regarding the selenoprotein genes, only TXNRD1 rs11111979 retained borderline statistical significance after adjustment for correlated tests (PACT = 0.10; PACT significance threshold was P < 0.1). SNPs in Wingless/Integrated (Wnt) and Transforming growth factor (TGF) beta-signaling genes (FRZB, SMAD3, SMAD7) from pathways affected by Se intake were also associated with CRC risk after multiple testing adjustments. Interactions with Se status (using existing serum Se and Selenoprotein P data) were tested at the SNP, gene, and pathway levels. Pathway analyses using the modified Adaptive Rank Truncated Product method suggested that genes and gene x Se status interactions in antioxidant, apoptosis, and TGF-beta signaling pathways may be associated with CRC risk. This study suggests that SNPs in the Se pathway alone or in combination with suboptimal Se status may contribute to CRC development.
    Matched MeSH terms: Selenium/metabolism*
  13. Fulltext Blood haematology, serum thyroid hormones and glutathione peroxidase status in kacang goats fed inorganic iodine and selenium supplemented diets
    Aghwan ZA, Sazili AQ, Alimon AR, Goh YM, Hilmi M
    Asian-Australas J Anim Sci, 2013 Nov;26(11):1577-82.
    PMID: 25049744 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2013.13180
    The effects of dietary supplementation of selenium (Se), iodine (I), and a combination of both on the blood haematology, serum free thyroxine (FT4) and free triiodothyronine (FT3) hormones and glutathione peroxidase enzyme (GSH-Px) activity were examined on twenty four (7 to 8 months old, 22±1.17 kg live weight) Kacang crossbred male goats. Animals were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments (6 animals in each group). Throughout 100 d of feeding trial, the animals of control group (CON) received a basal diet, while the other three groups were offered basal diet supplemented with 0.6 mg/kg diet DM Se (SS), or 0.6 mg/kg diet DM I (PI), or a combination of both Se and I, each at 0.6 mg/kg diet DM (SSPI). The haematological attributes which are haemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell (RBC), packed cell volume (PCV), mean cell volume (MCV), white blood cells (WBC), band neutrophils (B Neut), segmented neutrophils (S Neut), lymphocytes (Lymph), monocytes (Mono), eosinophils (Eosin) and basophils (Baso) were similar among the four treatment groups, while serum levels of Se and I increased significantly (p<0.05) in the supplemented groups. The combined dietary supplementation of Se and I (SSPI) significantly increased serum FT3 in the supplemented animals. Serum GSH-Px activity increased significantly in the animals of SS and SSPI groups. It is concluded that the dietary supplementation of inorganic Se and I at a level of 0.6 mg/kg DM increased serum Se and I concentration, FT3 hormone and GSH-Px activity of Kacang crossbred male goats.
    Matched MeSH terms: Selenium
  14. The levels of mercury, methylmercury and selenium and the selenium health benefit value in grey-eel catfish (Plotosus canius) and giant mudskipper (Periophthalmodon schlosseri) from the Strait of Malacca
    Looi LJ, Aris AZ, Haris H, Yusoff FM, Hashim Z
    Chemosphere, 2016 Jun;152:265-73.
    PMID: 26974481 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.02.126
    The present study examined the concentrations of mercury (Hg), methylmercury (MeHg), and selenium (Se) in the multiple tissues of the Plotosus canius and Periophthalmodon schlosseri collected from the Strait of Malacca. The mean value in mg kg(-1) of Hg (P. canius: 0.34 ± 0.19; P. schlosseri: 0.32 ± 0.18) and MeHg in muscle (P. canius: 0.14 ± 0.11; P. schlosseri: 0.17 ± 0.11) were below the Codex general standard for contaminants and toxins in food and feed (CODEX STAN 193-1995), the Malaysian Food Regulation 1985 and the Japan Food Sanitation Law. For P. canius, the liver contained the highest concentrations of Hg (0.48 ± 0.07 mg kg(-1)) and MeHg (0.21 ± 0.00 mg kg(-1)), whereas for P. schlosseri, the gill contained the highest concentrations of Hg (0.36 ± 0.06 mg kg(-1)) and MeHg (0.21 ± 0.05 mg kg(-1)). The highest concentration of (80)Se (mg kg(-1)) was observed in the liver of P. canius (20.34 ± 5.68) and in the gastrointestinal tract (3.18 ± 0.42) of P. schlosseri. The selenium:mercury (Se:Hg) molar ratios were above 1 and the positive selenium health benefit value (HBVSe) suggesting the possible protective effects of Se against Hg toxicity. The estimate weekly intakes (EWIs) in μg kg(-1) body weight (bw) week(-1) of Hg (P. canius: 0.27; P. schlosseri: 0.15) and MeHg (P. canius: 0.11; P. schlosseri: 0.08) were found to be lower than the provisional tolerable weekly intake established by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). Based on the calculated EWIs, P. canius, and P. schlosseri were found to be unlikely to cause mercury toxicity in human consumption.
    Matched MeSH terms: Selenium
  15. Fulltext Hummingbird-Leaves-Reared Black Soldier Fly Prepupae: Assessment of Nutritional and Heavy Metal Compositions
    Kuppusamy G, Kong CK, Segaran GC, Tarmalingam E, Herriman M, Ismail MF, et al.
    Biology (Basel), 2020 Sep 05;9(9).
    PMID: 32899563 DOI: 10.3390/biology9090274
    Black soldier fly (BSF) larva is an attractive animal feed replacer due to its noticeable nutritional content. However, the conventional rearing method often resulted in BSF with undesirably high heavy metal residues that are harmful to animals. In this work, putrefied Sesbania grandiflora (S. Grandiflora) leaves were employed as feed to rear BSF larvae. The resultant BSF prepupae were found to contain 43.5% protein and 16.7% fat, reflecting a comparable protein content and a 2-fold reduction in crude fat than those reared using conventional kitchen waste. Moreover, high quantities of arginine (25.4 g/kg dry matter basis (DM)), carnitine (32.9 g/kg DM), and short-chain fatty acids, including lauric (40.00%), palmitic (19.20%), and oleic (12.10%) acids, have also been noticed in the BSF prepupae. Furthermore, the BSF larvae have been recorded with 0.185 mg/kg chromium, 0.380 mg/kg selenium, and mercury below the detection limit, which is far lower than those reared using conventional kitchen and agricultural wastes (≈1.7 mg/kg chromium, 1.2 mg/kg selenium, and 0.2 mg/kg mercury). Overall, the study shows that the nutritional quality of BSF prepupae is extensively improved when using S. Grandiflora as their feed. The resultant BSF prepupae may serve as an alternative feed for animal rearing.
    Matched MeSH terms: Selenium
  16. Neutron activation analysis and assessment of trace elements in fingernail from residents of Tokyo, Japan
    Wee B, Ebihara M
    Sains Malaysiana, 2017;46:605-613.
    We report herewith the study of fingernail clippings obtained from the residents of Tokyo, Japan. A total of 18 participants with no health problems and occupational exposure to metals were recruited to provide fingernails samples for this study. Through the use of instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), 18 elements (Ag, Al, As, Ca, Cl, Co, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Na, S, Sb, Se, V, and Zn) were determined. The results showed that the toxic elements in the fingernails are in the lower range when compared to literature values. There were no chronic exposures to toxic elements such as As and Hg found. The level of Hg found is lower than that reported 20 years ago, possibly due to the strict regulation control in Japan on the release of Hg to the environment. The elements Se and Zn are found to be rather uniformly distributed among participants and are in agreement with results from other countries. There were no significant differences in elemental concentrations due to genders and smoking habits. The overall data from this study showed similar concentrations to those of healthy participants from other countries. Thus, the current data could represent the background level of elemental concentrations in fingernails of residents in Tokyo, which could serve as reference values for future study.
    Matched MeSH terms: Selenium
  17. Fulltext Nutritional status and the use of protease inhibitors among Hiv-infected children in Klang Valley, Malaysia
    Mohd. Nasir, M. T., Yeo, J., Huang, M. S. L., Koh, M. T., Kamarul Azhar, R., Khor, G. L.
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2011;7(2):73-79.
    MyJurnal
    This study determined the association between nutritional status and the use of protease inhibitors (PI)
    containing regimen among HIV-infected children receiving treatment at the referral centres in Klang
    Valley. A total of 95 children currently on antiretroviral (ARV) therapy, aged one to eighteen years, were recruited using purposive sampling. Demographic data, anthropometric measurements, medical history, were collected using a structured questionnaire. Serum micronutrients levels and lipid profile were also examined using blood samples. Mean age was 8.8 3.9 years and 44.2% were on PI. Age ( 2 = 10.351, p = .006), weight-for-age ( 2 = 6.567, p = .010), serum selenium ( 2 = 4.225, p = .040) and HDL-C ( 2 = 7.539, p = .006) were significantly associated with the use of PI. Fewer children on PI were deficient in selenium as compared to those not on PI. On the contrary, more children on PI were underweight and had low HDL-C. The use of PI was found to have both positive and negative effects with better selenium level but poorer HDL-C level and weight status.
    Matched MeSH terms: Selenium
  18. Fulltext From zinc selenate to zinc selenide nanostructures synthesized by reduction process
    Hutagalung, Sabar D., Eng, Siew T., Zainal A. Ahmad, Ishak Mat, Yussof Wahab
    Journal of Nuclear and Related Technologies, 2009;2009(1):147-154.
    MyJurnal
    One-dimensional nanostructure materials are very attractive because of their electronic and optical properties depending on their size. It is well known that properties of material can be tuned by reducing size to nanoscale because at the small sizes, that they behave differently with its bulk materials and the band gap will control by the size. The tunability of the band gap makes nanostructured materials useful for many applications. As one of the wide band gaps semiconductor compounds, zinc selenide (ZnSe) nanostructures (nanoparticles, nanowires, nanorods) have received much attention for the application in optoelectronic devices, such as blue laser diode, light emitting diodes, solar cells and IR optical windows. In this study, ZnSe nanostructures have been synthesized by reduction process of zinc selenate using hydrazine hydrate (N2H4.2H2O). The reductive agent of hydrazine hydrate was added to the starting materials of zinc selenate were heat treated at 500 o C for 1 hour under argon flow to form onedimensional nanostructures. The SEM and TEM images show the formation of nanocompositelike structures, which some small nanobars and nanopellets stick to the rod. The x-ray diffraction and elemental composition analysis confirm the formation of mixture zinc oxide and zinc selenide phases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Selenium Compounds
  19. Fulltext Selenium and hepatocellular carcinoma
    Nasar Alwahaibi, Jamaludin Mohamed
    Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2008;6(2):1-14.
    MyJurnal
    While cancer is considered to be one of the leading causes of death worldwide, there is a growing scientific and public interests on selenium as a dietary and antioxidant of many diseases, in particular, cancer. Despite advanced technology and significant improvement of surgical, chemical, hormonal and radio therapies, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still common in Asia and Africa and is increasing in the developed countries. Prognosis of HCC at an early stage is still challenging. At the moment, combination of Alpha feto protein (AFP) and ultrasonography tests offers more accurate and sensitive results for the diagnosis of HCC. Selenium (also known as the moon element) has been recognized for almost 49 years as an antioxidant and anti cancer agent. The weight of evidence supports the position of selenium as an anti cancer agent for HCC but the molecular mechanism of how selenium inhibits HCC is still unknown. Numerous theories have been proposed and selenium induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest is the predominant one so far.
    Matched MeSH terms: Selenium
  20. Fulltext Effects of Corn Supplementation into PKC-Urea Treated Rice Straw Basal Diet on Hematological, Biochemical Indices and Serum Mineral Level in Lambs
    Saeed OA, Sazili AQ, Akit H, Alimon AR, Samsudin AA
    Animals (Basel), 2019 Oct 11;9(10).
    PMID: 31614434 DOI: 10.3390/ani9100781
    Twenty-seven Dorper lambs were used to determine the effect of supplementing corn as a source of energy into the palm kernel cake (PKC) urea-treated rice straw basal diet on the blood metabolic profile and metals in lambs. The lambs were randomly allotted to three experimental treatments according to their initial body weight for a 120 day trial. Dietary treatments were: T1 (control diet) = 75.3% of PKC + 0% corn, T2 = 70.3% of PKC + 5% corn, and T3 = 65.3% of PKC + 10% corn. The results of this study indicated that copper (Cu), selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), and iron (Fe) concentration intake, retention, and its absorption from the gut and apparent mineral digestibility were highly significant for the levels of corn supplementation. The biochemical and hematological parameters remained within normal levels with the treatments, but the white blood cell, eosinophil count, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) were significantly higher in T3. Treatment 3 significantly increased the concentration of Se and Fe, while Zn was reduced in the blood serum of lambs on day 120. The result shows that the inclusion of corn has no effect on the hematological and biochemical parameters of lambs after incorporating corn into the PKC-based diet at 5% and 10%.
    Matched MeSH terms: Selenium
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