Displaying publications 381 - 400 of 556 in total

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  1. [Iatrogenic hypospadias a preventable rare complication with two-stage repair with buccal mucosa graft: a case presen- tation]
    Yusof MR, Mohd Sharin MF, Aizat Sabri I, Jagwani AV, Lee FY, Ahmad Zaidi AI, et al.
    Urologiia, 2023 May.
    PMID: 37401715
    Urethral catheterization is a common procedure, but it is associated with a number of complications. Iatrogenic hypospadias can rarely occur. There is a limited literature dedicated to this condition. We report a young patient with COVID-19 with iatrogenic hypospadias of grade 3. He was undergone to a two-stage procedure with acceptable outcome. Surgical repair should be offered and performed for young patients to ensure good function with acceptable penile appearance. A surgical treatment will improve psychological, sexual and social outcomes.
  2. Fulltext Environmental management on natural lake using sediment and hydrology hydraulic models
    Mohd Khairul Amri Kamarudin, Mohd Ekhwan Toriman, Hafizan Juahir, Azman Azid, Muhammad Barzani Gasim, Roslan Umar, et al.
    Malaysian Journal of Applied Sciences, 2018;1(2):9-26.
    MyJurnal
    The hydrology hydraulic model is established to assess environmental information on hydrology which
    can be used to investigate causes of various environmental problems at the river and natural lake
    catchment. This study reports on sediment concentrations at a river using a gravimetric method to
    investigate the hydrology system at a lake catchment. The measurement was carried out at the
    upstream, midstream, and downstream stations on the river in normal, rainy and post-rainy seasons.
    The stations are located along the Chini River, which are connected to a catchment lake (located at
    latitude 3°26’36.41”E-3°27’03.26”E and longitude 102°54’31.94”N-102°53’35.49”N). From the
    measurements, it is estimated that on average 787.621 tonne/km2 of sediment is transferred into the
    natural lake via Chini River annually. The correlation of statistical analysis between the sediment load
    and discharge study was very significant (R2 = 0.980). There is a linear relation between the area of
    the catchment and sediment load of the connecting river as supported by other studies in Malaysia.
    The outcome of the study suggests that the high sedimentation is due to land use activity, existence of
    the dam at the downstream of Chini River that traps the sediment, reverse flow from the Pahang River
    into Chini River and riverbank erosion factors. From this study, the sediment control steps are
    suggested such as creating conservation partially at the lake catchment, modifying the dam system,
    riverbank erosion control, and application of “Monkey Cheek” system. These sediment control steps
    may help to clean up the high suspended sediment at the whole lake system area, hence solving and
    mitigating the environmental problems in the natural lake catchment.
  3. Fulltext Copper complex Cu(SBCM)2 induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis towards oestrogen-receptor positive MCF-7 breast cancer cells
    Jhi Biau Foo, Li Shan Ng, Ji Hui Lim, Pau Xien Tan, Yan Zhi Lor, Jason Siau Ee Loo, et al.
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2019;15(102):13-13.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Copper complexes can be developed as targeted agent for cancer due to increased uptake of copper by cancer cells for angiogenesis. Our previous published data showed that copper complex Cu(SBCM)2 induced apoptosis towards triple-negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. However, its effect towards other breast cancer subtype remains unknown. Current study was performed to explore the cytotoxicity of Cu(SBCM)2 towards oestrogen- receptor positive MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Methods: MTT assay was employed to study the growth inhibition of Cu(SBCM)2 towards MCF-7 breast cancer cells and human non-cancerous MCF10A breast cells. Morphological changes of Cu(SBCM)2-treated MCF-7 cells was observed under inverted light microscope. Induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis were accessed by flow cytometry. The expression of wild-type p53 protein was evaluated by western blotanalysis. Intracellular reactive oxygen species of MCF-7 treated with Cu(SBCM)2 was detected using DCFHDA assay. The cells were then co-treated with Cu(SBCM)2 and antioxidants to evaluate the involvement of ROS in the cytotoxicity of Cu(SBCM)2. Molecular docking study was performed to determine the interaction of Cu(SBCM)2 with DNA, DNA topoisomerase I, and human ribonucleotide reductase. Results: Cu(SBCM)2 induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in MCF-7 cells possibly via upregulation of p53 wild-type protein. Cu(SBCM)2 was less toxic towards MCF10A cells. Increased level of intracellular ROS was not detected in MCF-7 cells after treatment with Cu(SBCM)2. However, N-acetylcysteine antioxidant enhance the cytotoxicity of Cu(SBCM)2 in MCF-7 cells. Cu(SBCM)2 showed the greatest affinity for DNA topoisomerase I in comparison to DNA and human ribonucleotide reductase. Conclusions: Cu(SBCM)2 has a potential to be developed as a targeted agent for breast cancer.
  4. Fulltext The need to have a valid and reliable tool to measure the anatomy education environment
    Siti Nurma Hanim Hadie, Asma' Hassan, Zul Izhar Mohd Ismail, Mohd Asnizam Asari, Aaijaz Ahmed Khan, Fazlina Kasim, et al.
    Education in Medicine Journal, 2013;5(3):81-85.
    MyJurnal
    Anatomy is an important knowledge for medical practice. Insufficient anatomy knowledge leading to errors in identification of anatomical structures during medical practices has been reported in many countries. Many medical students seem to have difficulties in learning anatomy and retaining the knowledge for future practice, thus this might reflect the possible flaws in anatomy education. In order to achieve optimum anatomy education environment and to close the gaps in education, measuring the students' perception on anatomy teaching and learning is a pre-emptive measure needed by educationists. At present, there is no valid and reliable inventory available to specifically evaluate the anatomy education environment. Therefore, this article highlights the importance of having such inventory.
  5. Fulltext Identification of missense mutations in genes related to cancer pathways in glioma
    Nor Azian Abdul Murad, Saiful Effendi Syafruddin, Muhiddin Ishak, Mohd Ridhwan Abdul Razak, Sri Noraima Othman, Soon, Bee Hong, et al.
    Asia-Pacific Journal of Molecular Medicine, 2016;6(1):2-10.
    MyJurnal
    Glioma is the most common primary brain tumour of the central nervous system. Many genetic alterations
    and mutations have been identified in glioma using various approaches. We performed DNA sequencing on
    the tumours of 16 patients with Grade I, II, III and IV glioma. The AmpliSeq Cancer Primers Pool was used
    to generate the amplicons. The targeted-ion sphere particles were prepared using the Ion One Touch and
    Ion Enrichment systems. DNA sequencing was performed on the Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine
    (PGM) and the data were analysed using the Torrent Suite Software.
    In total, 14 mutations were identified in the following genes: KDR (Q472H), MLH1 (V384D), MET (N375S),
    PTPN11 (E69K), BRAF (V600E), TP53 (D149E, E154K, V157F), IDH1 (R132H), PIK3CA (H1047R), CSF1R
    (c1061_1061 ins A), KIT (M541L), PTEN (c1373_1373 del A) and PDGFRA (E556V). In addition, there were
    four novel mutations identified; TP53 (E154K, and D149E), CSF1R (c1061_1061 ins A) and PDGFRA
    (E556V). The pathogenicity prediction showed that only three mutations were pathogenic: PTPN11 (E69K),
    BRAF (V600E) and Tp53 (E154K). These mutations result in changes of the proteins’ structure and could
    affect their functions. Pathway analyses suggested that these genes are closely related to the pathogenesis of
    GBM through several pathways such as proliferation and invasion, metabolism and angiogenesis.
    In conclusion, PGM in combination with the AmpliSeq Cancer Panel could be utilised as a potential
    molecular diagnostic tool not only for glioma but also for other cancers.
  6. Fulltext Molecular characterization of serous ovarian carcinoma using a multigene next generation sequencing cancer panel approach
    Ab Mutalib NS, Syafruddin SE, Md Zain RR, Mohd Dali AZ, Mohd Yunos RI, Saidin S, et al.
    BMC Res Notes, 2014;7:805.
    PMID: 25404506 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-7-805
    High grade serous ovarian cancer is one of the poorly characterized malignancies. This study aimed to elucidate the mutational events in Malaysian patients with high grade serous ovarian cancer by performing targeted sequencing on 50 cancer hotspot genes.
  7. A review on antiproliferative and apoptotic activities of natural honey
    Jaganathan SK, Balaji A, Vellayappan MV, Asokan MK, Subramanian AP, John AA, et al.
    Anticancer Agents Med Chem, 2015;15(1):48-56.
    PMID: 25052987
    Recent statistics revealed that cancer is one among the main reasons for death throughout the world. Several treatments are available but still there is no cure when it is detected at late stages. One of the treatment modes for cancer is chemotherapy which utilizes anticancer drugs in order to eradicate the cancer cells by apoptosis. Apoptosis is a programmed cell death through which body maintains homeostasis or kills cancer cells by utilizing its cell machinery. Recent researches have concluded that dietary agents have a putative role in instituting apoptosis of cancer cells. Honey, one of the victuals rich in antioxidants, has a long-standing exposure to humans and its role in cancer prevention and treatment is a topic of current interest. Various researchers have been experimenting honey against different cancers and provided valuable insights about the apoptosis induced by the honey. This review will highlight the recent findings of apoptotic mechanism involved in different cancer cells. Further it also reports antitumor activity of honey in some animal models. Hence it is high-time to initiate more preclinical trials as well as clinical experiments which would further add to the knowledge of anticancer nature of honey and also endorse honey as a potential candidate in the war against cancer.
  8. Fulltext Induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in caspase-3 deficient MCF-7 cells by Dillenia suffruticosa root extract via multiple signalling pathways
    Foo JB, Yazan LS, Tor YS, Armania N, Ismail N, Imam MU, et al.
    BMC Complement Altern Med, 2014;14:197.
    PMID: 24947113 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-197
    Dillenia suffruticosa root dichloromethane extract (DCM-DS) has been reported to exhibit strong cytotoxicity towards breast cancer cells. The present study was designed to investigate the cell cycle profile, mode of cell death and signalling pathways of DCM-DS-treated human caspase-3 deficient MCF-7 breast cancer cells.
  9. Transesterification reaction for synthesis of palm-based ethylhexyl ester and formulation as base oil for synthetic drilling fluid
    Abdul Habib NS, Yunus R, Rashid U, Taufiq-Yap YH, Abidin ZZ, Syam AM, et al.
    J Oleo Sci, 2014;63(5):497-506.
    PMID: 24717547
    The use of vegetable oil-based ester as a base fluid in synthetic drilling fluid has become a trend in drilling operations due to its environmental advantages. The transesterification reaction of palm oil methyl ester (POME) with 2-ethylhexanol (2EH) produced 98% of palm oil-based ethylhexyl ester in less than 30 minutes. Since the transesterification reaction of POME with 2EH is a reversible reaction, its kinetics was studied in the presence of excess EH and under vacuum. The POME-to-EH molar ratio and vacuum pressure were held constant at 1:2 and 1.5 mbar respectively and the effects of temperature (70 to 110°C) were investigated. Using excess of EH and continual withdrawal of methanol via vacuum promoted the reaction to complete in less than 10 minutes. The rate constant of the reaction (k) obtained from the kinetics study was in the range of 0.44 to 0.66 s⁻¹ and the activation energy was 15.6 kJ.mol⁻¹. The preliminary investigations on the lubrication properties of drilling mud formulated with palm oil-based 2EH ester indicated that the base oil has a great potential to substitute the synthetic ester-based oil for drilling fluid. Its high kinematic viscosity provides better lubrication to the drilling fluid compared to other ester-based oils. The pour point (-15°C) and flash point (204°C) values are superior for the drilling fluid formulation. The plastic viscosity, HPHT filtrate loss and emulsion stability of the drilling fluid had given acceptable values, while gel strength and yield point could be improved by blending it with proper additives.
  10. Fulltext A randomised controlled trial on hypolipidemic effects of Nigella Sativa seeds powder in menopausal women
    Ibrahim RM, Hamdan NS, Mahmud R, Imam MU, Saini SM, Rashid SN, et al.
    J Transl Med, 2014;12:82.
    PMID: 24685020 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-12-82
    The risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is increased tremendously among menopausal women, and there is an increasing demand for alternative therapies for managing factors like dyslipidemia that contribute to CVD development.
  11. Fulltext Induction of apoptosis through oxidative stress-related pathways in MCF-7, human breast cancer cells, by ethyl acetate extract of Dillenia suffruticosa
    Tor YS, Yazan LS, Foo JB, Armania N, Cheah YK, Abdullah R, et al.
    BMC Complement Altern Med, 2014;14:55.
    PMID: 24524627 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-55
    Breast cancer is one of the most dreading types of cancer among women. Herbal medicine has becoming a potential source of treatment for breast cancer. Herbal plant Dillenia suffruticosa (Griff) Martelli under the family Dilleniaceae has been traditionally used to treat cancerous growth. In this study, the anticancer effect of ethyl acetate extract of D. suffruticosa (EADs) was examined on human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MCF-7 and the molecular pathway involved was elucidated.
  12. Fulltext Recurrent glomangiomas of the ankle: a case report
    Saini SM, Hamid SA, Abdul Rashid SN, Bahari N, Fakhrizzaki AA, Abu Hassan H, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2013 Aug;68(4):356-7.
    PMID: 24145267 MyJurnal
  13. Fulltext Advancements in transmitters and sensors for biological tissue imaging in magnetic induction tomography
    Zakaria Z, Abdul Rahim R, Mansor MS, Yaacob S, Ayub NM, Muji SZ, et al.
    Sensors (Basel), 2012;12(6):7126-56.
    PMID: 22969341 DOI: 10.3390/s120607126
    Magnetic Induction Tomography (MIT), which is also known as Electromagnetic Tomography (EMT) or Mutual Inductance Tomography, is among the imaging modalities of interest to many researchers around the world. This noninvasive modality applies an electromagnetic field and is sensitive to all three passive electromagnetic properties of a material that are conductivity, permittivity and permeability. MIT is categorized under the passive imaging family with an electrodeless technique through the use of excitation coils to induce an electromagnetic field in the material, which is then measured at the receiving side by sensors. The aim of this review is to discuss the challenges of the MIT technique and summarize the recent advancements in the transmitters and sensors, with a focus on applications in biological tissue imaging. It is hoped that this review will provide some valuable information on the MIT for those who have interest in this modality. The need of this knowledge may speed up the process of adopted of MIT as a medical imaging technology.
  14. Dillenia suffruticosa exhibited antioxidant and cytotoxic activity through induction of apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest
    Armania N, Yazan LS, Musa SN, Ismail IS, Foo JB, Chan KW, et al.
    J Ethnopharmacol, 2013 Mar 27;146(2):525-35.
    PMID: 23353897 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.01.017
    Dillenia suffruticosa (Family: Dilleniaceae) locally known as Simpoh air has been reported to be used traditionally to treat cancerous growth. Therefore, the present study was attempted to investigate the antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of different parts (root, flower, fruit and leaf) of D. suffruticosa extracts.
  15. Exploring the effect of cellulose nanowhiskers isolated from oil palm biomass on polylactic acid properties
    Haafiz MK, Hassan A, Khalil HP, Fazita MR, Islam MS, Inuwa IM, et al.
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2016 Apr;85:370-8.
    PMID: 26772914 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.01.004
    In this work, polylactic acid (PLA) reinforced cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) were prepared through solution casting technique. The CNW was first isolated from oil palm empty fruit bunch microcrystalline cellulose (OPEFB-MCC) by using 64% H2SO4 and was designated as CNW-S. The optical microscopy revealed that the large particle of OPEFB-MCC has been broken down by the hydrolysis treatment. The atomic force microscopy confirmed that the CNW-S obtained is in nanoscale dimension and appeared in individual rod-like character. The produced CNW-S was then incorporated with PLA at 1, 3, and 5 parts per hundred (phr) resins for the PLA-CNW-S nanocomposite production. The synthesized nanocomposites were then characterized by a mean of tensile properties and thermal stability. Interestingly to note that incorporating of 3 phr/CNW-S in PLA improved the tensile strength by 61%. Also, CNW-S loading showed a positive impact on the Young's modulus of PLA. The elongation at break (Eb) of nanocomposites, however, decreased with the addition of CNW-S. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy revealed that the CNW-S dispersed well in PLA at lower filler loading before it started to agglomerate at higher CNW-S loading (5phr). The DSC analysis of the nanocomposites obtained showed that Tg,Tcc and Tm values of PLA were improved with CNW-S loading. The TGA analysis however, revealed that incopreated CNW-S in PLA effect the thermal stability (T10,T50 and Tmax) of nanocomposite, where it decrease linearly with CNW-S loading.
  16. Fulltext MicroRNA-200c and microRNA-31 regulate proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion in serous ovarian cancer
    Ibrahim FF, Jamal R, Syafruddin SE, Ab Mutalib NS, Saidin S, MdZin RR, et al.
    J Ovarian Res, 2015;8:56.
    PMID: 26260454 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-015-0186-7
    Serous epithelial ovarian cancer (SEOC) is a highly metastatic disease and its progression has been implicated with microRNAs. This study aimed to identify the differentially expressed microRNAs in Malaysian patients with SEOC and examine the microRNAs functional roles in SEOC cells.
  17. Fulltext Can post-treatment oral cancer patients' concerns reflect their cancer characteristics, HRQoL, psychological distress level and satisfaction with consultation?
    Aminnudin AN, Doss JG, Ismail SM, Chai MB, Abidin MZ, Basri CSJM, et al.
    Ecancermedicalscience, 2020;14:1118.
    PMID: 33209109 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2020.1118
    Background: Oral cancer and its treatment impact patients' post-treatment outcomes, challenging clinicians to manage them optimally. Addressing patients' concerns is central to holistic patient-centred care.

    Objectives: This study aimed to determine post-treatment oral cancer patients' concerns and its relationship with patients' clinical characteristics, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), psychological distress and patient satisfaction with the follow-up consultation.

    Methods: A total of 85 oral cancer patients were recruited from a three-armed pragmatic RCT study on the patient concerns inventory for head and neck cancer (PCI-H&N), which was conducted at six hospital-based oral maxillofacial specialist clinics throughout Malaysia. Malaysians aged 18 years and above and on follow-ups from 1 month to 5 years or more were eligible. Patients completed the PCI-H&N, functional assessment of cancer therapy -H&N v4.0 and Distress Thermometer at pre-consultation and satisfaction questionnaire at post-consultation. The data were analysed descriptively; multiple linear regression and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine possible predictors of patients' HRQoL and psychological distress.

    Results: 'Recurrence or fear of cancer coming back' (31.8%) was most frequently selected. 43.5% of patients selected ≥4 concerns. A significantly high number of concerns were associated with patients of '1-month to 1-year post-treatment' (n = 84%; p = 0.001). A significant association existed between 'time after treatment completed' and patients' concerns of 'chewing/eating', 'mouth opening', 'swelling', 'weight', 'ability to perform', 'cancer treatment' and 'supplement/diet-related'. 'Chewing/eating' was predicted for low HRQoL (p < 0.0001) followed by 'appearance' and 'ability to perform recreation activities' (personal functions domain). Patients with high psychological distress levels were 14 times more likely to select 'ability to perform recreation activities' and seven times more likely to select 'feeling depressed'. No significant association was identified between patients' concerns and patients' satisfaction with the consultation.

    Conclusion: Routine follow-up consultations should incorporate the PCI-H&N prompt list to enhance patient-centred care approach as the type and number of patients' concerns are shown to reflect their HRQoL and psychological distress.TRIAL REGISTRATION: NMRR-18-3624-45010 (IIR).

  18. Fulltext Enhancement of Particle Alignment Using Silicone Oil Plasticizer and Its Effects on the Field-Dependent Properties of Magnetorheological Elastomers
    Khairi MHA, Fatah AYA, Mazlan SA, Ubaidillah U, Nordin NA, Ismail NIN, et al.
    Int J Mol Sci, 2019 Aug 21;20(17).
    PMID: 31438576 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174085
    The existing mold concept of fabricating magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) tends to encounter several flux issues due to magnetic flux losses inside the chamber. Therefore, this paper presents a new approach for enhancing particle alignment through MRE fabrication as a means to provide better rheological properties. A closed-loop mold, which is essentially a fully guided magnetic field inside the chamber, was designed in order to strengthen the magnetic flux during the curing process with the help of silicone oil (SO) plasticizers. The oil serves the purpose of softening the matrix. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the surface morphology of the fabricated MRE samples. The field-dependent dynamic properties of the MREs were measured several ways using a rheometer, namely, strain sweep, frequency sweep, and magnetic field sweep. The analysis implied that the effectiveness of the MRE was associated with the use of the SO, and the closed-loop mold helped enhance the absolute modulus up to 0.8 MPa. The relative magnetorheological (MR) effects exhibited high values up to 646%. The high modulus properties offered by the MRE with SO are believed to be potentially useful in industry applications, particularly as vibration absorbers, which require a high range of stiffness.
  19. Fulltext Enhanced anti-mammary gland cancer activities of tamoxifen-loaded erythropoietin-coated drug delivery system
    Beh CY, Rasedee A, Selvarajah GT, Yazan LS, Omar AR, Foong JN, et al.
    PLoS One, 2019;14(7):e0219285.
    PMID: 31291309 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219285
    Nanomedicine is an emerging area in the medical field, particularly in the treatment of cancers. Nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) was shown to be a good nanoparticulated carrier for the delivery of tamoxifen (TAM). In this study, the tamoxifen-loaded erythropoietin-coated nanostructured lipid carriers (EPO-TAMNLC) were developed to enhance the anti-cancer properties and targetability of TAM, using EPO as the homing ligand for EPO receptors (EpoRs) on breast cancer tissue cells. Tamoxifen-loaded NLC (TAMNLC) was used for comparison. The LA7 cells and LA7 cell-induced rat mammary gland tumor were used as models in the study. Immunocytochemistry staining showed that LA7 cells express estrogen receptors (ERs) and EpoRs. EPO-TAMNLC and TAMNLC significantly (p<0.05) inhibited proliferation of LA7 in dose- and time-dependent manner. EPO-TAMNLC induced apoptosis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest of LA7 cells. Both drug delivery systems showed anti-mammary gland tumor properties. At an intravenous dose of 5 mg kg-1 body weight, EPO-TAMNLC and TAMNLC were not toxic to rats, suggesting that both are safe therapeutic compounds. In conclusion, EPO-TAMNLC is not only a unique drug delivery system because of the dual drug-loading feature, but also potentially highly specific in the targeting of breast cancer tissues positive for ERs and EpoRs. The incorporation of TAM into NLC with and without EPO coat had significantly (p<0.05) improved specificity and safety of the drug carriers in the treatment of mammary gland tumors.
  20. Fulltext Development of Polyvinylidene Fluoride Membrane via Assembly of Tannic Acid and Polyvinylpyrrolidone for Filtration of Oil/Water Emulsion
    Nawi NIM, Ong Amat S, Bilad MR, Nordin NAHM, Shamsuddin N, Prayogi S, et al.
    Polymers (Basel), 2021 Mar 22;13(6).
    PMID: 33810126 DOI: 10.3390/polym13060976
    Wastewater containing oil/water emulsion has a serious ecological impact and threatens human health. The impact worsens as its volume increases. Oil/water emulsion needs to be treated before it is discharged or reused again for processing. A membrane-based process is considered attractive in effectively treating oil/water emulsion, but progress has been dampened by the membrane fouling issue. The objective of this study is to develop polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes customized for oil/water emulsion separation by incorporating assembly of tannic acid (TA) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in the polymer matrix. The results show that the assembly of TA/PVP complexation was achieved as observed from the change in colour during the phase inversion and as also proven from the characterization analyses. Incorporation of the TA/PVP assembly leads to enhanced surface hydrophilicity by lowering the contact angle from 82° to 47°. In situ assembly of the TA/PVP complex also leads to enhanced clean water permeability by a factor of four as a result of enhanced mean flow pore size from 0.2 to 0.9 µm. Owing to enhanced surface chemistry and structural advantages, the optimum hydrophilic PVDF/TA/PVP membrane poses permeability of 540.18 L/(m2 h bar) for oil/water emulsion filtration, three times higher than the pristine PVDF membrane used as the reference.
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