MyMedR

Fulltext High dose intravenous immunoglobulin for systemic lupus erythematosus with lupus nephritis and associated studies - case report

Lim SK, Tan SY

JUMMEC, 2007;10(2):51-56.

MyJurnal

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is one of the commonest systemic autoimmune diseases that can present with variable clinical manifestations. Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) has been used as a salvage therapy for severe lupus with encouraging results though there is yet randomised trial to support the usage. This report highlights the efficacy and safety of high dose IVIG in SLE patients with multi-organ involvement particularly lupus nephritis. We also reviewed the literature on the usage of IVIG for lupus nephritis. However, more studies are needed to further clarify the optimal therapeutic dosage and regime for IVIG and to identify the group of patients who might benefit the most from this expensive therapy.

A preliminary study of the status of leptospirosis in the Malaysian Armed forces

Tan DS, Lopes DA

Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 1972 Jun;3(2):208-11.

PMID: 5082848

Fulltext The relationship between mental health and undergraduate student achievement: A study at Universiti Utara Malaysia. [Hubungan antara tahap kesihatan mental dan prestasi pelajar sarjana muda: satu kajian di Universiti Utara Malaysia]

Samsudin S, Tan KCH

Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2016;14(1):11-16.

MyJurnal

Mental health is an integral component to the formation of human capital performance. Human capital with high productivity is the key factor to the growth of a country. Thus, this study aims to investigate the relationship between the level of mental health of undergraduate students in Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM) with their performance. Mental health was measured using the General Health Questionnaire 12-item (GHQ-12) and the performance was based on the Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA). A total of 316 undergraduate students at UUM had answered questionnaires that were distributed. The data were analysed descriptively and the effect of the level of mental health on performance was tested using probit model. Based on GHQ-12, 48% respondents were found to have a good mental health status. A total of 67.21% of the students who obtain CGPA 3.67 and above have a good level of health compared with only 36.08% for those with CGPA under 3.67. Based on the probit model, the level of mental health was found to be significant at 1% level in influencing the CGPA. These findings provide indication to policy makers of the importance of mental health in influencing the students’ performance. Mental health education programs should be implemented or enhanced to raise awareness of the importance of good mental health state among students in higher education institution.
Keywords: CGPA; GHQ-12; mental health; productivity; Kedah; Malaysia

Psychiatric sequelae to a civil disturbance

Tan ES, Simons RC

Br J Psychiatry, 1973 Jan;122(566):57-63.

PMID: 4509384

Chronic haemolytic anaemia; a report of three cases of Cooley's anaemia and five cases of acholuric jaundice seen in Malaya with a discussion on the differential diagnosis

FIELD CE, TAN EE

Med J Malaya, 1955 Sep;10(1):60-82.

PMID: 13287496

Heights and weights of a sample of Malaysian children

Tan PC, Wong CL

Med J Malaya, 1969 Sep;24(1):12-7.

PMID: 4243835

Turner's syndrome (gonadal dysgenesis): clinical, dermatoglyphic and chromosomal features

Cheah JS, Tan BY

Med J Malaya, 1969 Mar;23(3):181-8.

PMID: 4240071

Use of Carbon Nanotubes for the Analysis of Pesticide Residues in Fruits and Vegetables

Abdulrauf LB, Tan GH

J AOAC Int, 2016 Nov 01;99(6):1415-1425.

PMID: 28206878 DOI: 10.5740/jaoacint.16-0275

This review presents the application of carbon nanotubes as sorbent materials in the analysis of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables. The advantages, limitations, and challenges of carbon nanotubes, with respect to their use in analytical chemistry, are presented. The efficiency of their application as extraction sorbent materials (in terms of LOD, LOQ, linearity, relative recovery, and RSD) in SPE, solid-phase microextraction, multi-plug filtration clean-up, matrix solid-phase dispersion, and the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe method is reported. The synthesis, functionalization, purification, and characterization methods of carbon nanotubes are also discussed.

First record of Rhopalophthalmus longipes Ii, 1964 from Malaysian waters (Crustacea, Mysida)

Tan HS, Azman BA

Zookeys, 2017.

PMID: 28138298 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.642.10316

The marine mysid species Rhopalophthalmus longipes Ii, 1964 is reported from Malaysian waters for the first time. Specimens are described and illustrated in detail based on material collected by epibenthic sledge from the seagrass meadows of Pulau Tinggi, Johor. Specimens exhibit a slight difference from Ii's type material by possessing a rounded process bearing two small protrusions apically near the middle distal end of the third segment of antennal peduncle. In addition, its telson armed with 7-9 moderately strong setae at the lateral margin.

Treatment of the Hypogonadal Infertile Male-A Review

Ho CC, Tan HM

Sex Med Rev, 2013 May;1(1):42-49.

PMID: 27784559 DOI: 10.1002/smrj.4

INTRODUCTION: Testosterone treatment for hypogonadism is detrimental for men in reproductive age as it impairs spermatogenesis, and therefore affects fertility. It is, therefore, not indicated in men with hypogonadism and infertility.

AIM: The aim of this review is to analyze current data regarding options of treatment for men with hypogonadism and infertility.

MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES: A comprehensive review of the current literature on management of infertility among hypogonadal men.

METHODS: A literature search using PubMed from 1980 to 2012 was done on articles published in the English language. The following medical subject heading terms were used: "infertility," "infertile," "hypogonadism;" "testosterone deficiency" and "men" or "male;" and "treatment" or "management."

RESULTS: The options for hypogonadal testicular failure are limited. Hormonal treatment is by and large ineffective. For secondary hypogonadism (hypogonadotropic/normogonadotropic hypogonadism), the options include gonadotropin-releasing hormone, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and anti-estrogens and aromatase inhibitors. Dopamine antagonist is indicated for prolactinoma. Artificial reproductive technique is indicated for primary testicular failure and also when medical therapy fails.

CONCLUSION: The most suitable option with the current data available is hCG with or without hMG/FSH. Testosterone supplementation should be avoided, but if they are already on it, it is still possible for a return of normal sperm production within 1 year after discontinuing testosterone. Ho CCK and Tan HM. Treatment of the hypogonadal infertile male-A review. Sex Med Rev 2013;1:42-49.

Fulltext Production of spray-dried honey jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) powder from enzymatic liquefied puree

Wong CW, Tan HH

J Food Sci Technol, 2017 Feb;54(2):564-571.

PMID: 28242955 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-017-2501-3

This paper presents the enzymatic liquefaction process for honey jackfruit optimized with Pectinex® Ultra SP-L and Celluclast® 1.5 L individually or in combinations at different concentrations (0-2.5% v/w) and incubation time (0-2.5 h). Treatment with combinations of enzymes showed a greater effect in the reduction of viscosity (83.9-98.8%) as compared to single enzyme treatment (64.8-87.3%). The best parameter for enzymatic liquefaction was obtained with 1.0% (v/w) Pectinex® Ultra SP-L and 0.5% (v/w) Celluclast® 1.5 L for 1.5 h. Spray drying process was carried out using different inlet temperatures (140-180 °C) and maltodextrin concentrations (10-30% w/w). Results indicated that the spray-dried honey jackfruit powder produced at 160 °C with 30% w/w maltodextrin gave the highest product yield (66.90%) with good powder qualities in terms of water activity, solubility, moisture content, hygroscopicity, color and bulk density. The spray-dried honey jackfruit powder could potentially be incorporated into various food products.

A case series of dermatological emergencies - Erythroderma

Tan TL, Chung WM

Med J Malaysia, 2017 04;72(2):141-143.

PMID: 28473684 MyJurnal

Erythroderma can be life-threatening, primarily because of its metabolic burden and complications. It is mandatory to establish its etiopathology in order to facilitate precise and definitive management. This disorder may be the morphologic presentation of a variety of cutaneous and systemic diseases. Detailed history and thorough work-up is therefore essential. Management of erythroderma involves multi-disciplines with progress monitoring especially on signs and symptoms suggestive of acute skin failure induced complications. Early diagnosis and referral of erythroderma to centres with dermatological services is crucial and will directly affect the outcome of the patients.

Allomonal and hepatotoxic effects following methyl eugenol consumption in Bactrocera papayae male against Gekko monarchus

Wee SL, Tan KH

J Chem Ecol, 2001 May;27(5):953-64.

PMID: 11471947 DOI: 10.1023/A:1010387020135

Methyl eugenol (ME), is converted into two major phenylpropanoids, 2-allyl-4,5-dimethoxyphenol and trans-coniferyl alcohol, following consumption by the male fruit fly Bactrocera papayae. Chemical analysis of wild male B. papayae rectal glands, where the compounds are sequestered, revealed the presence of ME metabolites in varying quantities. These phenylpropanoids are shown to be involved in the fruit fly defense both in no-choice and choice feeding tests against the Malayan spiny gecko, Gekko monarchus. After being acclimatized to feeding on fruit flies, geckos consumed significantly fewer ME-fed male flies than controls that consumed all the ME-deprived male flies offered throughout a two-week period. Diagnosis of dissected livers from geckos that consumed ME-fed male flies revealed various abnormalities. These included discoloration and hardening of liver tissue, whitening of the gallbladder, or presence of tumor-like growths in all geckos that consumed ME-fed male flies. Control geckos fed on ME-deprived male flies had healthy livers. When given an alternative prey, geckos preferred to eat untreated house flies, Musca domestica to avoid preying on ME-fed fruit flies.

Plasmapheresis in the University of Malaya Medical Centre, Malaysia

Chong HT, Tan CT

Ther Apher, 2001 Apr;5(2):147-9.

PMID: 11354300

Over the past 3 decades, plasmapheresis has been used more extensively for a variety of neurological and hematological disorders. We undertook a retrospective review to ascertain its safety, efficacy, and factor(s) that predispose to poor outcome. We reviewed 117 plasma exchanges in 24 patients with a mean age of 43 +/- 15 years; half were male. A total of 79% of the patients had neurological diseases, and the most common were chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and myasthenic crisis. Plasmapheresis was effective in 79% of the patients, especially for neurological indications. Complications occurred in 23% of the exchanges affecting 58% of the patients. Most complications were mild; sepsis was the most common (9.4% of exchanges), especially catheter related sepsis (6%), rash (4.3%), and hypotension (4.3%). Only 2 (8%) patients had severe complications that required mechanical ventilation. There were 5 mortalities (21%), 3 due to sepsis and 2 due to myocardial ischemia and arrhythmia, none of which occurred within 48 h of the last exchange. Patients with poor renal function had higher mortality. Overall, our figures agree with those from other institutions and indicate that plasma exchange is an effective and safe procedure, especially for a variety of neuroimmunological conditions.

Esophageal stricture as a late complication of Stevens-Johnson syndrome

Tan YM, Goh KL

Gastrointest Endosc, 1999 Oct;50(4):566-8.

PMID: 10502184

Susceptibility of Culex sitiens to Japanese encephalitis virus in peninsular Malaysia

Vythilingam I, Tan SB, Krishnasamy M

Trop Med Int Health, 2002 Jun;7(6):539-40.

PMID: 12031077

The susceptibility of Culex sitiens to Japanese Encephalitis (JE) virus was examined in the laboratory. Cx. sitiens became infected with JE virus on day 8 and subsequently it is able to transmit the virus when it takes a blood meal. Both parts of the experiment were carried out using artificial membrane feeding technique.

Causes of childhood blindness in Malaysia: results from a national study of blind school students

Reddy SC, Tan BC

Int Ophthalmol, 2001;24(1):53-9.

PMID: 11998890

A national study was conducted in children attending six schools for the blind in Malaysia to identify the anatomical site and underlying causes of blindness (BL) and severe visual impairment (SVI), with a view to determine the potentially preventable and treatable causes so that appropriate control measures can be implemented in the future. The standardized clinical examination of eyes was performed and the findings were recorded on the WHO Prevention of Blindness Programme eye examination record form for children with blindness and low vision. A total of 358 children aged between 7 and 17 years were examined, of whom 332 (92.7%) were blind or severely visually impaired. The results relate to these 332 children. Lens was the major anatomical site (22.3%) of visual loss followed by retina (20.8%), whole globe (17.2%), cornea (15.1%), optic nerve (8.7%) and uvea (5.1%). Glaucoma was responsible for BL/SVI in 7.2% and others in 3.6% of cases. Hereditary diseases were responsible for visual loss in 29.5%, intrauterine factors in 4.5%, perinatal factors in 9% and childhood factors in 7.8% of cases. However, the aetiology was unknown in 49.1% of cases which included congenital anomalies of the globe. Childhood cataract and corneal scarring are major treatable causes of BL/SVI that can benefit from future intervention strategies. Perinatal screening for intrauterine factors and hereditary eye diseases, and appropriate interventional therapy will help in reducing the prevalence of childhood blindness.

Effects of 14-deoxyandrographolide and 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide on nitric oxide production in cultured human endothelial cells

Zhang CY, Tan BK

Phytother Res, 1999 Mar;13(2):157-9.

PMID: 10190192

14-deoxyandrographolide (DA) and 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide (DDA) are two diterpenoids isolated from A. paniculata, a popular folk medicine used as an antihypertensive drug in Malaysia. We have previously reported that DDA exhibited a greater hypotensive effect in anaesthetized rats and a vasorelaxant activity in isolated rat aorta, compared with DA. Their vasorelaxant activities were mediated through the activation of the enzymes, nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and guanylyl cyclase. The present study demonstrated that both DA and DDA stimulated nitric oxide (NO) release from human endothelial cells. DDA compared with DA caused a greater production of NO; this is in line with the finding of the earlier study that the vasorelaxant effect of DDA was more dependent on endothelium than DA.

Fulltext Temporal trends and ethnic variations in asthma mortality in Singapore, 1976-1995

Ng TP, Tan WC

Thorax, 1999 Nov;54(11):990-4.

PMID: 10525557

BACKGROUND: A study was undertaken to examine temporal trends and ethnic differences in the asthma mortality rate in Singapore.
METHODS: Asthma mortality rates in Singapore were estimated from vital data for the years from 1976 to 1995. Trends in sex and age specific (5-14, 15-34, 35-59, 60+ years) rates were obtained for four periods (1976-80, 1981-85, 1986-90, 1991-95) and for Chinese, Malay, and Indian subjects for the years when these data were available (1989-95).
RESULTS: An increase in asthma mortality was observed in children aged 5-14 years from 0.21 per 100,000 person years in 1976-80 to 0.72 per 100,000 person years in 1991-95. No increases were noted in the other age groups but a small decrease was observed in the 1991-95 period for the 35-59 year age group. Marked ethnic differences in mortality rates were observed. In the group aged 5-34 years the asthma mortality rates were 0.5 per 100,000 in Chinese subjects, 1.3 per 100,000 in Indians, and 2.5 per 100,000 in Malay subjects. Similar 2-4 fold differences were observed in all other age groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Apart from genetic factors, environmental exposures and medical care factors which influence asthma prevalence and severity are most likely to be the causes of the observed temporal trends and ethnic differences in the asthma mortality rate in Singapore, but further studies are needed to elucidate these more fully.

Fulltext Dopa-responsive dystonia of childhood: a case report

Tan KK, Easaw PE

Singapore Med J, 1995 Jun;36(3):326-7.

PMID: 8553105

A 5-year-old Chinese boy presented with difficulty in walking and weakness of his lower limbs for one year, especially towards the evening. Bilateral equinovarus posturing of the feet and tremors of the upper limbs were noted on physical examination. Dopa-responsive dystonia was diagnosed after a remarkable symptomatic response to levodopa. This disorder is reported here to highlight an often misdiagnosed condition is children which is important because it is treatable. Dopa-responsive dystonia should be considered in the differential diagnosis of gait disturbance in children.

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