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Stepease™ diabetic socks: An answer to efficacious indoor foot pressure relief- A prospective study

Soh EZF, Htwe O, Naicker AS, Nasirabadi AR, Ghazali MJ, Mohd Mustafah N, et al.

J Tissue Viability, 2020 May;29(2):104-109.
PMID: 32014382 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2020.01.005

BACKGROUND: Diabetic foot ulcer is commonly seen in people with diabetes mellitus. Inadequate plantar pressure offloading has been identified as a contributing factor to development of diabetic foot ulcers. Various pressure off-loading footwear are widely available in the market but poor compliance has been reported especially for indoor usage. StepEase™ diabetic socks have been designed using Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) microspheres for better redistribution of plantar pressure. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of StepEase™ in redistributing the foot plantar pressure and to assess patients' satisfaction on the usage of the socks.
METHODS: This was a prospective non randomized clinical trial conducted on 31 patients with diabetes mellitus with high risk foot (King's classification stage II) over a 12 weeks period. Dynamic foot plantar pressure reading was recorded at day 0, 6 weeks and 12 weeks intervals, both barefoot and with StepEase™, using Novel Pedar-X system (Novel GmbH, Munich, Germany). Patients' satisfaction and usage practice were assessed by a questionnaire.
RESULTS: The mean age of subjects was 57.9 years with mean body mass index (BMI) of 26 kg/m2. The mean duration of diagnosis with diabetes mellitus was 10.2 years. The mean peak plantar pressure was found to be highest at the right forefoot and left heel region, 267.6 kPa (SD113.5 kPa) and 266.3 kPa (SD 94.6 kPa) respectively. There was a statistically significant reduction of mean peak pressure (P

Matched MeSH terms: Pressure/adverse effects
Fulltext Development of HPLC Method for Quantification of Sinigrin from Raphanus sativus Roots and Evaluation of Its Anticancer Potential

Nair AB, Gandhi D, Patel SS, Morsy MA, Gorain B, Attimarad M, et al.

Molecules, 2020 Oct 26;25(21).
PMID: 33114598 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25214947

Sinigrin, a precursor of allyl isothiocyanate, present in the Raphanus sativus exhibits diverse biological activities, and has an immense role against cancer proliferation. Therefore, the objective of this study was to quantify the sinigrin in the R. sativus roots using developed and validated RP-HPLC method and further evaluated its' anticancer activity. To achieve the objective, the roots of R. sativus were lyophilized to obtain a stable powder, which were extracted and passed through an ion-exchange column to obtain sinigrin-rich fraction. The RP-HPLC method using C18 analytical column was used for chromatographic separation and quantification of sinigrin in the prepared fraction, which was attained using the mobile phase consisting of 20 mM tetrabutylammonium: acetonitrile (80:20%, v/v at pH 7.0) at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. The chromatographic peak for sinigrin was showed at 3.592 min for pure sinigrin, where a good linearity was achieved within the concentration range of 50 to 800 µg/mL (R2 > 0.99), with an excellent accuracy (-1.37% and -1.29%) and precision (1.43% and 0.94%), for intra and inter-day, respectively. Finally, the MTT assay was performed for the sinigrin-rich fraction using three different human cancer cell lines, viz. prostate cancer (DU-145), colon adenocarcinoma (HCT-15), and melanoma (A-375). The cell-based assays were extended to conduct apoptotic and caspase-3 activities, to determine the mechanism of action of sinigrin in the treatment of cancer. MTT assay showed IC50 values of 15.88, 21.42, and 24.58 µg/mL for DU-145, HCT-15, and A-375 cell lines, respectively. Increased cellular apoptosis and caspase-3 expression were observed with sinigrin-rich fraction, indicating significant increase in overexpression of caspase-3 in DU-145 cells. In conclusion, a simple, sensitive, fast, and accurate RP-HPLC method was developed for the estimation of sinigrin in the prepared fraction. The data observed here indicate that sinigrin can be beneficial in treating prostate cancer possibly by inducing apoptosis.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods*
Latanoprost Quantification in Ocular Implants and Tissues: HPLC-Fluorescence vs HPLC-UV

Soliman K, Jirjees F, Sonawane R, Sheshala R, Wang Y, Jones D, et al.

J Chromatogr Sci, 2021 Jan 01;59(1):64-70.
PMID: 33047781 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmaa078

Anti-glaucoma latanoprost-loaded ocular implants provide prolonged delivery and enhanced bioavailability relative to the conventional eye drops. This study aims at the development and validation of a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method for quantitative analysis of nanogram levels of latanoprost in the eye, and for the first time, compares the use of fluorescence vs ultraviolet (UV) detectors in latanoprost quantification. The mobile phase was composed of acetonitrile:0.1% v/v formic acid (60:40, v/v) with a flow rate of 1 mL/min and separation was done using a C18 column at temperature 40°C. The fluorescence excitation and emission wavelengths were set at 265 and 285 nm, respectively, while the UV absorption was measured at 200 nm. The latanoprost concentration-peak area relationship maintained its linearity (R2 = 0.9999) over concentration ranges of 0.063-10 μg/mL and 0.212-10 μg/mL for the fluorescence and UV detectors, respectively. The UV detector showed better precision, while the fluorescence detector exhibited higher robustness and greater sensitivity, with a detection limit of 0.021 μg/mL. The fluorescence detector was selected for quantification of latanoprost released from ocular implants in vitro and in porcine ocular tissues. The developed method is a robust, rapid and cost-effective alternative to liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for routine analysis of latanoprost released from ocular implants.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods*
Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf extracts reverse metabolic syndrome in Sprague Dawley rats fed high-fructose high fat diet for 60-days

Irfan HM, Khan NAK, Asmawi MZ

Arch Physiol Biochem, 2020 May 15.
PMID: 32412306 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1762661

Background:Moringa oleifera Lam. has been used traditionally for the treatment of different cardio-metabolic disorders. So, the aim was to assess its leaf extracts in metabolic syndrome rat model.Methods: Out of the total 36-rats, 6 rats were given normal matched diet (NMD) while the rest were provided high-fat diet and 20% fructose (HFD-20%F). Moringa oleifera leaf extracts were administered orally for 30 days. Body weight, blood glucose, BMI, blood pressure, lipids, insulin, insulin resistance, MCP-1, visceral fat and liver weight were evaluated.Results: Sixty-days feeding with HFD-20%F produced the metabolic syndrome features like hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, and increase in low-density lipoprotein (LDL), visceral fat, and liver weight significantly (p

Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure; Blood Pressure Determination
UHPLC-MS phytochemical profiling, biological propensities and in-silico studies of Alhagi maurorum roots: a medicinal herb with multifunctional properties

Saleem H, Sarfraz M, Khan KM, Anwar MA, Zengin G, Ahmad I, et al.

Drug Dev Ind Pharm, 2020 May;46(5):861-868.
PMID: 32352878 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1762199

The biological, chemical, and in silico properties of methanol and dichloromethane (DCM) extracts of Alhagi maurorum roots with respect to the antioxidant, enzyme inhibition, and phytochemical composition were evaluated. Total bioactive contents were determined spectrophotometrically, and the individual secondary metabolites composition was assessed via ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) analysis. Antioxidant capacities were evaluated using a panoply of assays (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) free radical scavenging, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), cupric reducing antioxidant power (CUPRAC), phosphomolybdenum total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and metal chelating activity (MCA)). The enzyme inhibition potential was studied against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), α-amylase, α-glucosidase, tyrosinase, urease and lipoxygenase (LOX) enzymes. The methanol extract was found to contain higher total phenolic (105.91 mg GAE/g extract) and flavonoid (2.27 mg RE/g extract) contents which can be correlated to its more substantial antioxidant potential as well as AChE, BChE, tyrosinase and α-glucosidase inhibition. However, the DCM extract was the most effective against α-amylase (1.86 mmol ACAE/g extract) enzyme inhibition. The UHPLC-MS analysis of methanol extract identified the tentative presence of a total of 18 secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, saponins, phenolic and terpenoid derivatives. Three compounds named emmotin A, luteolin 5,3'-dimethyl ether, and preferrugone were further investigated for their in silico molecular docking studies against the tested enzymes. The selected compounds were found to have higher binding interaction with AChE followed by BChE, α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and tyrosinase. The results of the present study have demonstrated A. mauroram to be considered as a lead source of natural antioxidant and enzyme inhibitor compounds.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods
Fulltext Effects of Vegetarian Diets on Blood Pressure Lowering: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis

Lee KW, Loh HC, Ching SM, Devaraj NK, Hoo FK

Nutrients, 2020 May 29;12(6).
PMID: 32486102 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061604

The beneficial effects of a vegetarian diet on blood pressure (BP) control have been reported in previous systematic reviews; however, so far, their relative effectiveness is not well established. Here, we performed a systematic review together with trial sequential analysis to determine the effect of a vegetarian diet on the reduction of blood pressure. We searched the randomized controlled trial (RCT) through Medline, PubMed and Cochrane Central Register. Fifteen eligible RCTs with 856 subjects were entered into the analysis. The pooled results demonstrated that vegetarian diet consumption significantly lowered the systolic blood pressure (weighted mean difference (WMD), -2.66 mmHg (95% confidence interval (CI) = -3.76, -1.55, p < 0.001) and diastolic BP was WMD, -1.69 95% CI = -2.97, -0.41, p < 0.001) as compared to an omnivorous diet. In subgroup analysis, a vegan diet demonstrated a greater reduction in systolic BP (WMD, -3.12 mm Hg; 95% CI = -4.54, -1.70, p < 0.001) as compared with a lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet (WMD, -1.75 mm Hg, 95% CI -5.38, 1.88, p = 0.05). The vegan diet has showed a similar trend in terms of diastolic blood pressure reduction (WMD, -1.92 mm Hg (95% CI = -3.18, -0.66, p < 0.001) but those with a lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet showed no changes in diastolic BP reduction (WMD, 0.00, 95% CI = 0.00, 0.00), p =0.432). In conclusion, vegetarian diets are associated with significant reductions in BP compared with omnivorous diets, suggesting that they may play a key role in the primary prevention and overall management of hypertension.

Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure*
Effects of alternate nostril breathing exercise on cardiac functions in healthy young adults leading a stressful lifestyle

Jahan I, Begum M, Akhter S, Islam Z, Haque M, Jahan N

J Popul Ther Clin Pharmacol, 2020 06 11;27(2):e68-e77.
PMID: 32543162 DOI: 10.15586/jptcp.v27i2.675

Alternate nostril breathing (ANB) is one of the best and easiest breathing exercises. ANB exercise has beneficial effects on cardiac function in healthy and diseased people. The objectives of this study were to assess the effects of ANB exercise on cardiac physiology among healthy medical students. This was a prospective interventional study that was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Chittagong Medical College (CMC), Chattogram, Bangladesh, from July 2017 to June 2018. A total of 100 research participants (RPs) aged 18-20 years, Year-I medical students of CMC, were selected. A simple random sampling method was adopted. The selection was done after the inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. The age and body mass index (BMI) of the RPs were analogous in both the control and experimental groups. Cardiac parameters, like pulse and blood pressure (BP), were measured. The initial baseline data were recorded for both groups and after 4 weeks. The research respondents of the experimental group performed ANB exercise for 4 weeks. The mean value pulse and BP were significantly (p < 0.001) changed after breathing exercise, compared to the values before the breathing exercise. The results of this study suggest that cardiac function significantly improves after the breathing exercise. Therefore, ANB can be recommended for increasing cardiac efficiency.

Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/physiology
Fulltext Trends in population blood pressure and prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension among older persons: The 2006 & 2015 National Health and Morbidity Survey in Malaysia

Ho BK, Omar MA, Sooryanarayana R, Ghazali SS, Zainal Abidin SBI, Krishnapillai A, et al.

PLoS One, 2020;15(9):e0238780.
PMID: 32911521 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238780

BACKGROUND: Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Thus, it is an important public health challenge worldwide. In Malaysia, only a few studies have focused on the trends of hypertension specifically for the aging population. In view of the rapid growth of the elderly population in Malaysia, there is an urgent need to explore the condition of hypertension in this aging population. Hence, the objectives of this study were to determine the trends of population mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) levels, the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension, and its' associated factors among older persons in two cross-sectional national surveys that were conducted in 2006 and 2015 in Malaysia.
METHODS: This was a subanalysis of secondary data collected from the two cross-sectional national population-based surveys conducted in Malaysia in 2006 and 2015. Adults aged 60 and older who had participated in these two surveys were included in the study.
RESULTS: A total of 4954 (2295 males and 2659 females) and 3790 (1771 males and 2019 females) respondents completed the hypertension module surveys in 2006 and 2015, respectively. The mean age of the respondents was 68.5±6.9 years in 2006 and 68.6±7.1 years in 2015 and the difference was not significant. The prevalence of hypertension significantly reduced from 73.8% in 2006 to 69.2% in 2015 (p<0.001). Among the respondents with hypertension, the awareness, treatment and control of hypertension significantly increased from 49.7% to 60.2%, 86.7% to 91.5% and 23.3% to 44.8%, respectively, from 2006 to 2015. Logistic regression analysis showed that female sex and unemployed/retiree were significantly associated with higher hypertension prevalence in both 2006 and 2015. Being unemployed/ retiree was significantly associated with higher awareness of hypertension in both 2006 and 2015. In both 2006 and 2015, Chinese ethnicity were significantly associated with higher awareness and control of hypertension.
CONCLUSIONS: The mean population BP levels and hypertension prevalence among the elderly population in Malaysia have reduced significantly over the past decade. Although the awareness, treatment and control of hypertension among older adults have improved significantly, the awareness and control rates remain suboptimal. As population aging is inevitable, appropriate public health programs and optimal treatment strategies targeting this vulnerable group are urgently needed to improve the overall awareness and control of hypertension and to prevent hypertension-related complications.

Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/physiology
Fulltext Evaluation of Refractive Status and Ocular Biometric Parameters in Primary Angle Closure Disease

Loh CC, Kamaruddin H, Bastion MC, Husain R, Mohd Isa H, Md Din N

Ophthalmic Res, 2021;64(2):246-252.
PMID: 32810853 DOI: 10.1159/000510925

INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study was to evaluate the refractive status and ocular biometric parameters in subjects with angle closure in Malaysia.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 171 primary angle closure patients (268 eyes). Visual acuity, refraction, and ocular biometry (central anterior chamber depth [ACD], axial length [AL], and lens thickness) were recorded. Vitreous cavity length (VL) and relative lens position (RLP) were calculated.
RESULTS: A total of 92 Primary Angle Closure Suspect (PACS), 30 Primary Angle Closure (PAC), and 146 Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma (PACG) eyes were included. Chinese ethnicity formed the majority (n = 197, 73.5%), followed by Malay (n = 57, 21.3%) and Indian (n = 14, 5.2%). There was a significant female preponderance with a female to male ratio of 1.85. Mean age was 65.7 ± 7.7 years. Mean spherical equivalent was +0.33 ± 1.29 D. Approximately half (n = 137, 51%) of the eyes were hyperopic (spherical power ≥+0.5), with PACG having the highest percentage of hyperopia (n = 69, 50.4%). Myopia and emmetropia were present in 48 (17.9) and 83 (31%) eyes, respectively. Although AL and VL in myopia patients were significantly longer than emmetropic and hyperopic eyes (p < 0.001), the ACD was not significantly different (p = 0.427). While the RLP is smaller in myopic eyes, lens thickness was increased in hyperopic eyes. PACG was significantly higher in elderly patients compared to PACS and PAC (p = 0.005). A total of 37 (13.8%) eyes were blind (vision worse than 3/60) and 19 of them (51.3%) were female patients.
CONCLUSION: A decrease in RLP is predictive of angle closure disease in myopic eyes, whereas increased lens thickness contributes to angle closure disease in hyperopic eyes.

Matched MeSH terms: Intraocular Pressure/physiology*
Fulltext Factors associated with uncontrolled hypertension among hypertensive patients in Tuaran, Sabah, Malaysia: a cross-sectional study

Rosfina Ghazali, Khamisah Awang Lukman, Daw Khin Saw Naing, Fairrul Kadir, Mohammad Saffree Jeffree, Fredie Robinson, et al.

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2019;15(106):19-19.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Hypertension prevalence is increasing globally and has become a major issue of disease as it is a major cause for cerebrovascular, kidney and cardiovascular diseases. Even among treated patients, there is a dispropor-tional of blood pressure control causing a major public health challenge. This study is aimed to decide on the prev-alence of uncontrolled hypertension and its associated factors among hypertensive patient attending hypertension clinic at primary health clinics in Tuaran district. This study is justified by the fact that uncontrolled hypertension leads to high mortality, morbidity and even premature death. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study among 460 hypertensive patients attending three primary health clinics in Tuaran district, Sabah. Data were collected using structured modified questionnaires through interviews, physical examinations and patient’s medical records. Types of data collected include socio-demography, lifestyle behavior, physical examination, co-morbidity status and med-ical adherence. Data analysis done using SPSS version 24.0. Results: Prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension was 45.9%. The study found that factors significantly associated with uncontrolled hypertension with p

Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure; Blood Pressure Determination
Fulltext Association of physical activity score with cardio-pulmonary function parameters and VO2 max in healthy young adults of Sabah, Malaysia

Urban John Arnold D’Souza, Vinod Kumar S., Nagesh Chodankar

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2019;15(106):46-46.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Regular physical activity and VO2 max are correlated directly. Physical anthropometry physical ac-tivity, lung function and cardiac parameters such as systolic, diastolic blood pressure and resting heart rate are the important baseline parameters in relation to the a healthy life. In this study, a comprehensive determination of these parameters were planned among the common ethnicities of Sabah. This study in turn aims at making the sedentary people to make physically active and implicate a possible relationship between cardio-respiratory parameters with the physical activity levels. Methods: A total of 385 young adult Sabah, Malaysia college students with n=148 males and n= 237 females were randomly selected from the different colleges in Kota Kinabalu. Ethical clearance was received from Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences UMS, and the participants were briefed on the procedures with their voluntary consent. IPAQ-Score/Met-Min/Week, BMI, resting heart rate, blood pressure, lung function parameters – forced vital capacity, peak expiratory flow rate etc were estimated by standard techniques. Data was analyzed, a regression analysis and ANOVA was performed to assess the relationship between independent and dependent variables. Results: Physical activity level has a significant correlation with the dependent variables of this study. VO2max is significantly and inversely related to body weight, BMI, blood pressure and pulse rate, whereas physical activity level is directly correlated. A weak positive correlation for VO2 max with lung function parameters.Conclusion: Physical activity, VO2 max and cardio-respiratory parameters; interdependently correlated and regular activity contributed to the rate of oxygen consumption.

Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure; Blood Pressure Determination
Fulltext The association between body weight status, sodium intake and blood pressure with intraocular pressure among orang asli adolescents in Semenyih, Selangor

Nurulain Asri, Tasneem Shaari, Mohd Zaki Awg Isa

Journal of Optometry, Eye and Health Research, 2020;2(1):48-56.
MyJurnal

Abnormal intraocular pressure (IOP) if left untreated it can lead to glaucoma and permanent vision loss. However, the correlation between IOP and body weight status, sodium intake, and blood pressure (BP) are unclear among adolescents. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the relationship between body weight status, sodium intake, and BP with IOP among orang Asli adolescents. A total sample of 50 adolescents of Orang Asli aged 13 to 17 participated in this study. Three days' dietary intake was recorded through 24-hour diet recall to determine the sodium intake. The questionnaire was administered to acquire socio-demographic information, and measurements Body Mass Index (BMI) and BP were done according to standard protocols, and IOP was measured using Tonopen. Data obtained involving 40% boys and 60% girls. Two boys (4%) were underweight, 13 boys (26%) and 17 (34%) girls were normal weight, 4 (8%) boys and 11 (22%) girls were overweight, 1 (2%) boy and 2 (4%) girls were obese. Sixty percent of subjects have exceeded the Lowest-Observed-Adverse-Effect-Level (LOAEL) of 2300 mg of sodium intake. Hypertension stage 1 was found higher than hypertension stage 2 in male and female subjects, with 38% of the female have stage 1 hypertension compared to only 14% in male subjects. 98% of subjects have normal IOP and only 2% of subjects have high IOP. There was a significant association between BMI and IOP (p

Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure; Intraocular Pressure
A high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of plasma artemisinin using a glassy carbon electrode for reductive electrochemical detection

Chan KL, Yuen KH, Jinadasa S, Peh KK, Toh WT

Planta Med, 1997 Feb;63(1):66-9.
PMID: 9063097

A high-performance liquid chromatography assay equipped with a glassy carbon electrode for electrochemical detection (HPLC-ECD) was developed at reductive mode for the analysis of artemisinin, the antimalarial drug from Artemisia annua (Asteraceae) in human plasma. This method was selective, sensitive, and produced satisfactory recovery, precision, and accuracy. Analysis of plasma samples from 8 male volunteers given 10 mg kg-1 of artemisinin orally as an aqueous suspension showed a mean peak plasma concentration (Cmax) of 580.89 ng ml-1 +/- 88.64 SD at 2.5 h +/- 0.5 SD after dosing, and the mean area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC0-infinity) was 2227.57 ng h ml-1 +/- 677.22 SD. In addition, the elimination rate constant (Ke), elimination half-life (t1/2), and apparent volume of distribution (Vd) were calculated to be 0.2971 h-1 +/- 0.0644 SD, 2.42 h +/- 0.46 SD, and 16.26 l kg-1 +/- 3.44 SD, respectively.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods*
Fulltext Distribution of blood pressure in a national sample of Malaysian adults

Lim TO, Ding LM, Goh BL, Zaki M, Suleiman AB, Maimunah AH, et al.

Med J Malaysia, 2000 Mar;55(1):90-107.
PMID: 11072495 MyJurnal

We describe the distribution of blood pressure (BP) by age, sex and ethnicity in Malaysian adults. A national sample of 21,391 individuals aged 30 or older had usable data. They were selected by stratified 2-stage cluster sampling. BP was measured using an automated oscillometric device, Visomat. Percentile tables and curves by age, sex and ethnicity are presented. The systolic and diastolic BP distribution was right skewed and showed the expected increase with age. This was markedly so in Malay and other indigenous women; as a result they had most severe hypertension.
Study name: National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS-1996)

Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure*
Comparison of propofol and methohexitone as an induction agent in anaesthesia for electroconvulsive therapy

Lim SK, Lim WL, Elegbe EO

West Afr J Med, 1996 Oct-Dec;15(4):186-9.
PMID: 9020593

30 patients who received electroconvulsive therapy were anaesthetized with either Propofol or Methohexitone in a randomized cross-over study. Recovery times were shorter in those who received Propofol. The decrease in diastolic pressure after induction was greater with Propofol than with Methohexitone. There was a greater increase in the blood pressure after the electroconvulsive therapy in those who received Methohexitone. The duration of convulsion was similar for both agents.

Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/drug effects
Fulltext Cardiovascular reactivity in Malay Moslems during Ramadan

Husain R, Cheah SH, Duncan MT

Singapore Med J, 1996 Aug;37(4):398-401.
PMID: 8993142

The investigation examined the possibility that observance of Ramadan by Moslems in Malaysia is associated with modification of circulatory parameters. Cardiovascular reactivity was investigated employing the cold hand immersion test as the stressor stimulus. Resultant data showed increased blood pressures and vascular resistance during Ramadan in the absence of cold stimulus while the magnitude of the maximal cardiac and vascular response to the applied stressor which served as indicators of reactivity was not affected by the Ramadan situation.

Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/physiology
Immunoaffinity extraction and tandem mass spectrometric analysis of human chorionic gonadotropin in doping analysis

Gam LH, Tham SY, Latiff A

J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci, 2003 Jul 25;792(2):187-96.
PMID: 12860026

A confirmatory and quantitative HPLC-tandem mass spectrometry (MS-MS) method for human chorionic gonadotropin hormone (hCG) at concentrations as low as 5 IU/l following immunoaffinity extraction of the glycoprotein from urine was developed. The extraction method involved retention of urinary hCG in the immunoaffinity column via specific antigen-antibody interaction. A variety of eluents were then used to quantitatively elute hCG from the immunoaffinity column. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of hCG were undertaken using MS-MS by identifying the amino acid sequence of the marker peptide betaT5 obtained from hCG by tryptic digestion and the peak areas of three product ions b(6)(+), b(9)(+) and y(11)(+), respectively.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods*
Improved high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of terazosin in human plasma

Cheah PY, Yuen KH, Liong ML

J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl, 2000 Aug 18;745(2):439-43.
PMID: 11043762

A simple, sensitive and reproducible high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for the determination of terazosin in human plasma. The method involves a one-step single solvent extraction procedure using dichloromethane with a 0.25 ml plasma sample. Recovery values were all greater than 90% over the concentration range 0.25-100 ng/ml. Terazosin was found to adsorb to glass or plastic tubes, but this could be circumvented by using disposable plastic tubes. Also, rinsing the injector port with methanol after each injection helped to prevent any carry-over effect. The internal standard, prazosin, did not exhibit this problem. The method has a quantification limit of 0.25 ng/ml. The within- and between-day coefficient of variation and accuracy values were all less than 7% over the concentration range 0.25-100 ng/ml and hence the method is suitable for use in pharmacokinetic studies of terazosin.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods*
Determination of a new antimalarial drug, benflumetol, in blood plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography

Mansor SM, Navaratnam V, Yahaya N, Nair NK, Wernsdorfer WH, Degen PH

J Chromatogr B Biomed Appl, 1996 Jul 12;682(2):321-5.
PMID: 8844426

A rapid and selective high-performance liquid chromatographic assay for determination of a new antimalarial drug (benflumetol, BFL) is described. After extraction with hexane-diethyl ether (70:30, v/v) from plasma, BFL was analysed using a C18 Partisil 10 ODS-3 reversed-phase stainless steel column and a mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.1 M ammonium acetate (90:10, v/v) adjusted to pH 4.9 with ultraviolet detection at 335 nm. The mean recovery of BFL over a concentration range of 50-400 ng/ml was 96.8 +/- 5.2%. The within-day and day-to-day coefficients of variation were 1.8-4.0 and 1.8-4.2%, respectively. The minimum detectable concentration in plasma for BFL was 5 ng/ml with a C.V. of less than 10%. This method was found to be suitable for clinical pharmacokinetic studies.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods*
Fulltext Unilateral superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis in a user of oral contraceptives

Jaais F, Habib ZA

Med J Malaysia, 1994 Dec;49(4):416-8.
PMID: 7674980

A patient on oral contraceptives over several years developed unilateral proptosis, haemorrhagic retinopathy and increase in intraocular pressure. An orbital vein venogram confirmed the diagnosis of right superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis. There was complete resolution of thrombosis and eye signs and symptoms with discontinuation of the oral contraceptive.

Matched MeSH terms: Intraocular Pressure/drug effects

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