Displaying publications 41 - 60 of 869 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Enhanced biosorption of transition metals by living Chlorella vulgaris immobilized in Ca-alginate beads
    Ahmad A, Bhat AH, Buang A
    Environ Technol, 2019 Jun;40(14):1793-1809.
    PMID: 29345546 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2018.1430171
    In this study freely suspended and Ca-alginate immobilized C. vulgaris cells were used for the biosorption of Fe(II), Mn(II), and Zn(II) ions, from the aqueous solution. Experimental data showed that biosorption capacity of algal cells was strongly dependent on the operational condition such as pH, initial metal ions concentration, dosages, contact time and temperature. The maximum biosorption of Fe(II) 43.43, Mn(II) 40.98 and Zn(II) 37.43 mg/g was achieved with Ca-alginate immobilized algal cells at optimum pH of 6.0, algal cells dosage 0.6 g/L, and contact time of 450 min at room temperature. The biosorption efficiency of freely suspended and immobilized C. vulgaris cells for heavy metals removal from the industrial wastewater was validated. Modeling of biosorption kinetics showed good agreements with pseudo-second-order. Langmuir and D-R isotherm models exhibited the best fit of experimental data. The thermodynamic parameters (ΔG°, ΔH°, and ΔS°) revealed that the biosorption of considered metal ions was feasible, spontaneous and exothermic at 25-45°C. The SEM showed porous morphology which greatly helps in the biosorption of heavy metals. The Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR) and X-rays Photon Spectroscopy (XPS) data spectra indicated that the functional groups predominately involved in the biosorption were C-N, -OH, COO-, -CH, C=C, C=S and -C-. These results shows that immobilized algal cells in alginate beads could potentially enhance the biosorption of considered metal ions than freely suspended cells. Furthermore, the biosorbent has significantly removed heavy metals from industrial wastewater at the optimized condition.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adsorption
  2. Bioadsorbent nanocellulose aerogel efficiency impregnated with spent coffee grounds
    Ahmad A, Omar KM, Alahmadi AA, Rizg WY, Bairwan RD, Abdul Khalil HPS
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2024 Feb;258(Pt 1):128746.
    PMID: 38104681 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128746
    Due to growing environmental concerns for better waste management, this study proposes developing a composite aerogel using cellulose nanofibers (CNF) and spent coffee grounds (SCG) through an eco-friendly method for efficient methylene blue (MB) adsorption. Adding SCG to the CNF aerogel altered the physical properties: it increases the volume (4.14 cm3 to 5.25 cm3) and density (0.018 to 0.022 g/cm3) but decrease the water adsorption capacity (2064 % to 1635 %). FTIR spectrum showed distinct functional groups in both all aerogels, showing hydroxyl, glyosidic bonds, and aromatic compounds. Additionally, SCG improved thermal stability of the aerogels. In term of adsorption efficacy, CNF-SCG40% aerogel as exceptionally well. According to Langmuir isotherm models, the adsorption of MB happened in a monolayer, with CNF-SCG40% showing a maximum adsorption capacity of 113.64 mg/g, surpassing CNF aerogel (58.82 mg/g). The study identified that the pseudo-second-order model effectively depicted the adsorption process, indicating a chemical-like interaction. This investigation successfully produced a single-use composite aerogel composed of CNF and SCG using an eco-friendly approach, efficiently adsorbing MB. By utilizing cost-effective materials and eco-friendly methods, this approach offers a sustainable solution for waste management, contributes to an eco-friendly industrial environment, and reduces production expenses and management costs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adsorption
  3. Fixed-bed adsorption of reactive azo dye onto granular activated carbon prepared from waste
    Ahmad AA, Hameed BH
    J Hazard Mater, 2010 Mar 15;175(1-3):298-303.
    PMID: 19883979 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.10.003
    In this work, the adsorption potential of bamboo waste based granular activated carbon (BGAC) to remove C.I. Reactive Black (RB5) from aqueous solution was investigated using fixed-bed adsorption column. The effects of inlet RB5 concentration (50-200mg/L), feed flow rate (10-30 mL/min) and activated carbon bed height (40-80 mm) on the breakthrough characteristics of the adsorption system were determined. The highest bed capacity of 39.02 mg/g was obtained using 100mg/L inlet dye concentration, 80 mm bed height and 10 mL/min flow rate. The adsorption data were fitted to three well-established fixed-bed adsorption models namely, Adam's-Bohart, Thomas and Yoon-Nelson models. The results fitted well to the Thomas and Yoon-Nelson models with coefficients of correlation R(2)>or=0.93 at different conditions. The BGAC was shown to be suitable adsorbent for adsorption of RB5 using fixed-bed adsorption column.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adsorption
  4. Reduction of COD and color of dyeing effluent from a cotton textile mill by adsorption onto bamboo-based activated carbon
    Ahmad AA, Hameed BH
    J Hazard Mater, 2009 Dec 30;172(2-3):1538-43.
    PMID: 19740605 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.08.025
    In this work, activated carbon was prepared from bamboo waste by chemical activation method using phosphoric acid as activating agent. The activated carbon was evaluated for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and color reduction of a real textile mill effluent. A maximum reduction in color and COD of 91.84% and 75.21%, respectively was achieved. As a result, the standard B discharge limit of color and COD under the Malaysian Environmental Quality act 1974 was met. The Freundlich isotherm model was found best to describe the obtained equilibrium adsorption data at 30 degrees C. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, total pore volume and the average pore diameter were 988.23 m(2)/g, 0.69 cm(3)/g and 2.82 nm, respectively. Various functional groups on the prepared bamboo activated carbon (BAC) were determined from the FTIR results.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adsorption
  5. Adsorption of direct dye on palm ash: kinetic and equilibrium modeling
    Ahmad AA, Hameed BH, Aziz N
    J Hazard Mater, 2007 Mar 6;141(1):70-6.
    PMID: 16887263
    Palm ash, an agriculture waste residue from palm-oil industry in Malaysia, was investigated as a replacement for the current expensive methods of removing direct blue 71 dye from an aqueous solution. The experimental data were analyzed by the Langmuir and Freundlich models of adsorption. Equilibrium data fitted well with Freundlich model in the range of 50-600mg/L. The equilibrium adsorption capacity of the palm ash was determined with the Langmuir equation and found to be 400.01mg dye per gram adsorbent at 30 degrees C. The rates of adsorption were found to conform to the pseudo-second-order kinetics with good correlation. The results indicate that the palm ash could be employed as a low-cost alternative to commercial activated carbon.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adsorption
  6. Adsorption of residue oil from palm oil mill effluent using powder and flake chitosan: equilibrium and kinetic studies
    Ahmad AL, Sumathi S, Hameed BH
    Water Res, 2005 Jul;39(12):2483-94.
    PMID: 15985277
    The adsorption of residue oil from palm oil mill effluent (POME) using chitosan powder and flake has been investigated. POME contains about 2g/l of residue oil, which has to be treated efficiently before it can be discharged. Experiments were carried out as a function of different initial concentrations of residue oil, weight dosage, contact time and pH of chitosan in powder and flake form to obtain the optimum conditions for the adsorption of residue oil from POME. The powder form of chitosan exhibited a greater rate compared to the flake type. The results obtained showed that chitosan powder, at a dosage of 0.5g/l, 15min of contact time and a pH value of 5.0, presented the most suitable conditions for the adsorption of residue oil from POME. The adsorption process performed almost 99% of residue oil removal from POME. Equilibrium studies have been carried out to determine the capacity of chitosan for the adsorption of residue oil from POME using the optimum conditions from the flocculation at different initial concentrations of residue oil. Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models were applied to describe the experimental isotherms and isotherm constants. Equilibrium data fitted very well with the Freundlich model. The pseudo first- and second-order kinetic models and intraparticle diffusion model were used to describe the kinetic data and the rate constants were evaluated. The experimental data fitted well with the second-order kinetic model, which indicates that the chemical sorption is the rate-limiting step, i.e. chemisorption between residue oil and chitosan. The significant uptake of residue oil on chitosan was further proved by BET surface area analysis and SEM micrographs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adsorption
  7. Improving the decolorization of glycerol by adsorption using activated carbon derived from oil palm biomass
    Ahmad Farid MA, Hassan MA, Roslan AM, Ariffin H, Norrrahim MNF, Othman MR, et al.
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2021 Jun;28(22):27976-27987.
    PMID: 33527241 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12585-7
    This study provides insight into the decolorization strategy for crude glycerol obtained from biodiesel production using waste cooking oil as raw material. A sequential procedure that includes physico-chemical treatment and adsorption using activated carbon from oil palm biomass was investigated. The results evidenced decolorization and enrichment of glycerol go hand in hand during the treatment, achieving >89% color removal and > 98% increase in glycerol content, turning the glycerol into a clear (colorless) solution. This is attributed to the complete removal of methanol, free fatty acids, and triglycerides, as well as 85% removal of water, and 93% removal of potassium. Properties of the resultant glycerol met the quality standard of BS 2621:1979. The economic aspects of the proposed methods are examined to fully construct a predesign budgetary estimation according to chemical engineering principles. The starting capital is proportionate to the number of physical assets to acquire where both entail a considerable cost at USD 13,200. Having the benefit of sizeable scale production, it reasonably reduces the operating cost per unit product. As productivity sets at 33 m3 per annum, the annual operating costs amount to USD 79,902 in glycerol decolorization. This is translatable to USD 5.38 per liter glycerol, which is ~69% lower compared to using commercial activated carbon.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adsorption
  8. Synthesis of piperazine functionalized magnetic sporopollenin: a new organic-inorganic hybrid material for the removal of lead(II) and arsenic(III) from aqueous solution
    Ahmad NF, Kamboh MA, Nodeh HR, Halim SNBA, Mohamad S
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2017 Sep;24(27):21846-21858.
    PMID: 28776296 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9820-9
    The present work describes the successful functionalization/magnetization of bio-polymeric spores of Lycopodium clavatum (sporopollenin) with 1-(2-hydroxyethyl) piperazine. Analytical techniques, i.e., Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), were used to confirm the formation of 1-(2-hydroxyethyl) piperazine-functionalized magnetic sporopollenin (MNPs-Sp-HEP). The proposed adsorbent (MNPs-Sp-HEP) was used for the removal of noxious Pb(II) and As(III) metal ions from aqueous media through a batch-wise method. Different experimental parameters were optimized for the effective removal of selected noxious metal ions. Maximum adsorption capacity (q m ) 13.36 and 69.85 mg g-1 for Pb(II) and As(III), respectively, were obtained. Thermodynamic parameters such as free energy (ΔG°), entropy (ΔS°), and enthalpy (ΔH°) were also studied from the adsorption results and were used to elaborate the mechanism of their confiscation. The obtained results indicated that newly adsorbent can be successfully applied for the decontamination of noxious Pb(II) and As(III) from the aqueous environment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adsorption
  9. Oil palm biomass-based adsorbents for the removal of water pollutants--a review
    Ahmad T, Rafatullah M, Ghazali A, Sulaiman O, Hashim R
    J Environ Sci Health C Environ Carcinog Ecotoxicol Rev, 2011 Jul;29(3):177-222.
    PMID: 21929380 DOI: 10.1080/10590501.2011.601847
    This article presents a review on the role of oil palm biomass (trunks, fronds, leaves, empty fruit bunches, shells, etc.) as adsorbents in the removal of water pollutants such as acid and basic dyes, heavy metals, phenolic compounds, various gaseous pollutants, and so on. Numerous studies on adsorption properties of various low-cost adsorbents, such as agricultural wastes and its based activated carbons, have been reported in recent years. Studies have shown that oil palm-based adsorbent, among the low-cost adsorbents mentioned, is the most promising adsorbent for removing water pollutants. Further, these bioadsorbents can be chemically modified for better efficiency and can undergo multiple reuses to enhance their applicability at an industrial scale. It is evident from a literature survey of more than 100 recent papers that low-cost adsorbents have demonstrated outstanding removal capabilities for various pollutants. The conclusion is been drawn from the reviewed literature, and suggestions for future research are proposed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adsorption
  10. Removal of pesticides from water and wastewater by different adsorbents: a review
    Ahmad T, Rafatullah M, Ghazali A, Sulaiman O, Hashim R, Ahmad A
    J Environ Sci Health C Environ Carcinog Ecotoxicol Rev, 2010 Oct;28(4):231-71.
    PMID: 21069614 DOI: 10.1080/10590501.2010.525782
    In this review article, the use of various low-cost adsorbents for the removal of pesticides from water and wastewater has been reviewed. Pesticides may appear as pollutants in water sources, having undesirable impacts to human health because of their toxicity, carcinogenicity, and mutagenicity or causing aesthetic problems such as taste and odors. These pesticides pollute the water stream and it can be removed very effectively using different low-cost adsorbents. It is evident from a literature survey of about 191 recently published papers that low-cost adsorbents have demonstrated outstanding removal capabilities for pesticides.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adsorption
  11. Prospects of banana waste utilization in wastewater treatment: A review
    Ahmad T, Danish M
    J Environ Manage, 2018 Jan 15;206:330-348.
    PMID: 29100146 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.10.061
    This review article explores utilization of banana waste (fruit peels, pseudo-stem, trunks, and leaves) as precursor materials to produce an adsorbent, and its application against environmental pollutants such as heavy metals, dyes, organic pollutants, pesticides, and various other gaseous pollutants. In recent past, quite a good number of research articles have been published on the utilization of low-cost adsorbents derived from biomass wastes. The literature survey on banana waste derived adsorbents shown that due to the abundance of banana waste worldwide, it also considered as low-cost adsorbents with promising future application against various environmental pollutants. Furthermore, raw banana biomass can be chemically modified to prepare efficient adsorbent as per requirement; chemical surface functional group modification may enhance the multiple uses of the adsorbent with industrial standard. It was evident from a literature survey that banana waste derived adsorbents have significant removal efficiency against various pollutants. Most of the published articles on banana waste derived adsorbents have been discussed critically, and the conclusion is drawn based on the results reported. Some results with poorly performed experiments were also discussed and pointed out their lacking in reporting. Based on literature survey, the future research prospect on banana wastes has a significant impact on upcoming research strategy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adsorption
  12. The use of date palm as a potential adsorbent for wastewater treatment: a review
    Ahmad T, Danish M, Rafatullah M, Ghazali A, Sulaiman O, Hashim R, et al.
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2012 Jun;19(5):1464-84.
    PMID: 22207239 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-011-0709-8
    BACKGROUND: In tropical countries, the palm tree is one of the most abundant and important trees. Date palm is a principal fruit grown in many regions of the world. It is abundant, locally available and effective material that could be used as an adsorbent for the removal of different pollutants from aqueous solution.

    REVIEW: This article presents a review on the role of date palm as adsorbents in the removal of unwanted materials such as acid and basic dyes, heavy metals, and phenolic compounds. Many studies on adsorption properties of various low cost adsorbent, such as agricultural waste and activated carbons based on agricultural waste have been reported in recent years.

    CONCLUSION: Studies have shown that date palm-based adsorbents are the most promising adsorbents for removing unwanted materials. No previous review is available where researchers can get an overview of the adsorption capacities of date palm-based adsorbent used for the adsorption of different pollutants. This review provides the recent literature demonstrating the usefulness of date palm biomass-based adsorbents in the adsorption of various pollutants.

    Matched MeSH terms: Adsorption
  13. Selectivity of SO2 and H2S removal by ethanol-treated calcined eggshell at low temperature
    Ahmad W, Sethupathi S, Kanadasan G, Iberahim N
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2020 Jun;27(17):22065-22080.
    PMID: 32285395 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08671-x
    Eggshell is a food waste produced worldwide in substantial amount with very limited recycling activity. In this study, the potential of ethanol-treated calcined eggshell was tested as sorbent for SO2 and H2S. Three variables were selected in the preparation of sorbents via response surface methodology (RSM), i.e., concentration of ethanol in water (50%, 70%, 90%), reaction temperature (20 °C, 40 °C, 60 °C), and contact time (30, 60, 90 min). Central composite design (CCD) was used to develop a quadratic model to correlate the operating variables with the adsorption capacity. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to identify the significant factors of the experimental design. It was found that the reaction temperature during the sorbent preparation was the most significant factor. The optimum preparation conditions using RSM were found at 20 °C of reaction temperature with 76.37% of ethanol concentration for 67 min of reaction time. The maximum adsorption capacity for the optimized sorbent was found to be 27.75 mg/g and 9.55 mg/g for SO2 and H2S, respectively. The prepared sorbent was more selective towards SO2 compared with H2S. Moreover, the presence of 40% of relative humidity in the inlet gas further enhanced the adsorption capacity of both gases. The ethanol-treated calcined eggshell was further substantiated by FESEM, BET, FTIR, XRD, and XRF. Results showed potential usage of eggshell as a sorbent for SO2 and H2S gases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adsorption
  14. Water quality status of selected rivers in Kota Marudu, Sabah, Malaysia and its suitability for usage
    Ahmad Zaharin Aris, Wan YL, Sarva MP, Mohd Kamil Yusoff, Muhamma Firuz Ramli, Hafizan Juahir
    Sains Malaysiana, 2014;43:377-388.
    The water chemistry of selected rivers in Kota Marudu, Sabah was studied based on the major ion chemistry and its suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes. Ten sampling stations were selected and water samples were collected from each station to assess its chemical properties. The physico-chemical variables including temperature, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, turbidity, ammoniacal-nitrogen (NH3-N), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total suspended solid (TSS) were measured. The cations (K, Mg, Ca, Na) were analyzed by ICP-MS. Most of the variables were within the drinking water quality standards stipulated by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Ministry of Health (MOH), Malaysia except for turbidity. Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and salinity hazard were calculated to identify the suitability of the water as irrigation water. The Wilcox diagram classifies that only 10% of samples are not suitable for the purpose of irrigation. The overall results showed that most of the rivers in Kota Marudu are still in a clean condition and suitable for drinking and irrigation purposes except for Sumbilingan River, which is considered as slightly polluted. The results are supported by the hierarchical cluster analysis as the stations were grouped into two groups; low and high pollution intensities. This preliminary result can update the baseline data of selected water quality parameters in the Kota Marudu and could serve as tool for assisting relevant government bodies in regulating the water resources policies in the future.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adsorption
  15. Equilibrium isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamics studies of phenolic compounds adsorption on palm-tree fruit stones
    Ahmed MJ, Theydan SK
    Ecotoxicol Environ Saf, 2012 Oct;84:39-45.
    PMID: 22795888 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.06.019
    Adsorption capacity of an agricultural waste, palm-tree fruit stones (date stones), for phenolic compounds such as phenol (Ph) and p-nitro phenol (PNPh) at different temperatures was investigated. The characteristics of such waste biomass were determined and found to have a surface area and iodine number of 495.71 m2/g and 475.88 mg/g, respectively. The effects of pH (2-12), adsorbent dose (0.6-0.8 g/L) and contact time (0-150 min) on the adsorptive removal process were studied. Maximum removal percentages of 89.95% and 92.11% were achieved for Ph and PNPh, respectively. Experimental equilibrium data for adsorption of both components were analyzed by the Langmuir, Freundlich and Tempkin isotherm models. The results show that the best fit was achieved with the Langmuir isotherm equation with maximum adsorption capacities of 132.37 and 161.44 mg/g for Ph and PNPh, respectively. The kinetic data were fitted to pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order and intraparticle diffusion models, and was found to follow closely the pseudo-second order model for both components. The calculated thermodynamic parameters, namely ΔG, ΔH, and ΔS showed that adsorption of Ph and PNPh was spontaneous and endothermic under examined conditions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adsorption
  16. High-performance porous biochar from the pyrolysis of natural and renewable seaweed (Gelidiella acerosa) and its application for the adsorption of methylene blue
    Ahmed MJ, Okoye PU, Hummadi EH, Hameed BH
    Bioresour Technol, 2019 Apr;278:159-164.
    PMID: 30685620 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.01.054
    A high-performance porous biochar adsorbent prepared by facile thermal pyrolysis of seaweed (Gelidiella acerosa) is reported. The textural characteristics of the prepared seaweed biochar (SWBC) and the performance in the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) dye were evaluated. The batch experiment for the adsorption of MB was conducted under different parameters, such as temperature, pH, and initial concentration of MB in the range of 25-400 mg/L. The developed SWBC exhibited a relatively high surface area, average pore size, and pore volume of 926.39 m2/g, 2.45 nm, and 0.57 cm3/g, respectively. The high surface area and pristine mineral constituents of the biochar promoted a high adsorption capacity of 512.67 mg/g of MB at 30 °C. The adsorption isotherm and kinetics data best fitted the Langmuir and pseudo-second-order equations. The results indicate that SWBC is efficient for MB adsorption and could be a potential adsorbent for wastewater treatment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adsorption
  17. Human hair-derived high surface area porous carbon material for the adsorption isotherm and kinetics of tetracycline antibiotics
    Ahmed MJ, Islam MA, Asif M, Hameed BH
    Bioresour Technol, 2017 Nov;243:778-784.
    PMID: 28711807 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.06.174
    In this work, a human hair-derived high surface area porous carbon material (HHC) was prepared using potassium hydroxide activation. The morphology and textural properties of the HHC structure, along with its adsorption performance for tetracycline (TC) antibiotics, were evaluated. HHC showed a high surface area of 1505.11m(2)/g and 68.34% microporosity. The effects of most important variables, such as initial concentration (25-355mg/L), solution pH (3-13), and temperatures (30-50°C), on the HHC adsorption performance were investigated. Isotherm data analysis revealed the favorable application of the Langmuir model, with maximum TC uptakes of 128.52, 162.62, and 210.18mg/g at 30, 40, and 50°C, respectively. The experimental data of TC uptakes versus time were analyzed efficiently using a pseudo-first order model. Porous HHC could be an efficient adsorbent for eliminating antibiotic pollutants in wastewater.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adsorption
  18. Removal of emerging pharmaceutical contaminants by adsorption in a fixed-bed column: A review
    Ahmed MJ, Hameed BH
    Ecotoxicol Environ Saf, 2018 Mar;149:257-266.
    PMID: 29248838 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.12.012
    Pharmaceutical pollutants substantially affect the environment; thus, their treatments have been the focus of many studies. In this article, the fixed-bed adsorption of pharmaceuticals on various adsorbents was reviewed. The experimental breakthrough curves of these pollutants under various flow rates, inlet concentrations, and bed heights were examined. Fixed-bed data in terms of saturation uptakes, breakthrough time, and the length of the mass transfer zone were included. The three most popular breakthrough models, namely, Adams-Bohart, Thomas, and Yoon-Nelson, were also reviewed for the correlation of breakthrough curve data along with the evaluation of model parameters. Compared with the Adams-Bohart model, the Thomas and Yoon-Nelson more effectively predicted the breakthrough data for the studied pollutants.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adsorption
  19. Fulltext Investigating the use of date seed for removal of boron from seawater
    Ahmed, Moussa Mohamed, Nik Rashida Nik Abdul Ghani, Jami, Mohammed Saedi, Mirghani, Mohamed Elwathig Saeed, Md. Noor Salleh
    Biological and Natural Resources Engineering Journal, 2020;3(2):55-73.
    MyJurnal
    Boron has been classified as a drinking water pollutant in many countries. It is harmful to many plants, exceptionally sensible plants, and human health. Therefore, boron level needs to be decreased to 0.3 mg/L for drinking water and within 0.5 mg/L to 1 mg/L for irrigation water. In this study, various operational parameters namely pH, contact time and liquid/solid ratio were investigated to determine the potential of using date seed (or date pit or date stone) to remove boron from seawater. This study's main objective was to determine boron adsorption capacities of date seeds prepared by various methods (i.e., powdered, activated, acid-treated and defatted seed) by batch adsorption process using boron contaminated synthetic seawater. The process parameters of the selected biosorbent among the four date seed preparations methods were optimized. The surface characteristics were analyzed by using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The results showed that acid-treated date seed was the best biosorbent in terms of removing 89.18% boron from aqueous solution at neutral pH, liquid to solid ratio of 5 within 2 hours of reaction time at room temperature (25°C±2°C).
    Matched MeSH terms: Adsorption
  20. Biological and physical characterization of bacteriophage JHA against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
    Ajmal H, Sharif Z, Zeshan B, Zahra N, Khan M
    Pak J Pharm Sci, 2022 Sep;35(5):1327-1331.
    PMID: 36451560
    Due to the emergence of antibiotic resistance, bacteriophage therapy appears to be an ideal weapon to utilize against pathogenic bacteria. This study aimed to isolate, identify and characterize the lytic bacteriophage effective against the multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates. The isolated bacteriophage caused lysis by applying the double-layer agar technique on A. baumannii up to 99% in 18 hours of incubation at 37ºC. The bacterial growth reduction assay exhibited that JHA phage had high adsorption rates and could rapidly inhibit bacterial growth. The pH and thermal stability testing showed that JHA phage was stable in vast ranges of pH from 5 to 9 but its activity was highest at pH7 (1860000±1000 pfu/mL). It was stable in broad ranges of temperatures from 25ºC to 60ºC but the highest activity was found at 37ºC (1300000±30000 pfu/mL). One-step growth test results showed that it has a short latent period, strong lytic ability, high burst size and adsorption rates and was host specific. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of JHA phage demonstrated icosahedral heads and tailless particles. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed JHA phage belongs to Tectiviridae family. All the characteristics of JHA phage possess lytic activity against A. baumannii strains and exhibit novel candidates to use as an alternative competitor to antibiotics in controlling such infections.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adsorption
Related Terms
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links