Displaying publications 41 - 60 of 245 in total

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  1. Fulltext Oral myiasis : case report
    Ramli R, Abd Rahman R
    Malays J Med Sci, 2002 Jul;9(2):47-50.
    PMID: 22844224
    Myiasis occurs when living tissues of mammals are invaded by eggs or larvae of flies, mainly from the order of Diptera. Most of the previousty reported cases are in the tropics and they were usually associated with inadequate personal hygiene, sometimes with poor manual dexterity. This report describes two cases of oral myiasis in cerebral palsy patients in Seremban General Hospital, Malaysia. This article also discusses the therapeutic property of maggots and highlights the importance of oral health care in the special needs patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health
  2. Fulltext The Prevalenve And Impact Of Oro-Facial Pain Among 12-year-old School Children In An Epidemiological Survey Setting
    Jaafar, N, Razak, I.A.
    Ann Dent, 2002;9(1):-.
    MyJurnal
    The objective of the study was to attempt to verify the cause of self-reported oro-facial pain among 12-yearold children, objectively via a clinical examination. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional survey using a combination of self-reported questionnaire, face-to-face interview and clinical oral examination. The children were first asked to answer a self-filled questionnaire about their oro-facial pain experience in the past 4- weeks. In order to verify its cause, a clinical examination and an interview followed. Normative oral health status data was also collected. The sample was 1492 Malay schoolchildren with diverse socioeconomic background from the states of Johore, Kelantan and Sabah. The sample size for each state was calculated to give a sampling error of not more than 5 %. In each state, quota sampling was done to achieve a balanced distribution between gender and location. The data collected were normative status for caries, periodontal disease and traumatized teeth. Orofacial pain experience represented the subjective status for oral well-being. The cause of pain was confirmed through a clinical examination. The normative oral health status data implies a very low untreated disease and good oral health among the schoolchildren. However the subjective health status, as reflected by the prevalence of pain suggested that oro-facial pain and suffering was high (27.3%) with about 49% "of moderate and severe" intensity. The two main causes were caries and mouth ulcers. However in about onequarter of pain cases, diagnosis cannot be confirmed in the field survey setting. More than one-half of those with pain experienced disturbed sleep and study. It was concluded that overall oral health status and well-being can be better described if normative data is complemented with subjective data such as pain prevalence. The study shows that the majority (more than 75 %) of cases of subjective pain can be objectively verified in a field epidemiology survey setting. The reliability of the subjective data can be improved by a clinical examination as compared to unverified self-report. The study also confirms that the major source of oro-facial pain among the 12 year-olds were caries and mouth ulcers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health
  3. Oral health problems among foreign workers
    Ishak AR
    JUMMEC, 2002;7:46-51.
    About 27% of the eligible respondents reported having experienced some form of dental problems in the preceding one year prior to the interview. Female respondents (57.1%) were more likely to have encountered a dental problem as compared to male respondents (22.6%). Of the various nationalities, the Thais (60.7%) and the Pakistanis were the most and least likely respectively to have encountered a dental problem in the preceding one year. This pattern among the Thais was consistent for both the male (48.4%) and female (70.6%) population. Toothache (85.0%) was reportedly the most prevalent dental problems encountered regardless of gender and nationality, followed by sensitivity to hot and cold drinks (34.4%). About 1 in 4 subjects who had dental problem reported having bleeding gums. About 1 in 4 subjects who had dental problems had consulted the doctor or dentists regarding their problem and one more than one-half had self-medicated. Overall the majority (84.4%) of the respondents have never visited the dentists in Malaysia. Lack of perceived need was cited as the main reason for this.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health
  4. Fulltext Oral health care in the elderly population in Malaysia--a review
    John J, Mani SA, Azizah Y
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 Aug;59(3):433-9.
    PMID: 15727396
    One of the undeniable facts about living is that everyday we are getting older. By 2050, it is projected that one out of every five Malaysians will be 60 or older. The economic challenge of this demographic change will affect development and the financial implications of sustaining well being of this group are formidable and complex. This population group has extensive oral disease, medical problems that complicate their oral care, and unique dental treatment challenges. The authors discuss the problem of oral healthcare among the aged, its impediments and propose some approaches for improvement to better serve the needs of this group of vulnerable members of our nation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health/standards*
  5. Oral health status of 16-year-old school children in Malaysia
    Nik-Hussein NN, Abdul Muttalib K, Junid NZ, Wan MN, Abang A
    Singapore Dent J, 2004 Dec;26(1):30-8.
    PMID: 15736839
    The aim of the present study was to determine the oral health status of 16-year-old Malaysian school children. The prevalence of caries was 75.5%. More than 60% of subjects had caries experience by teeth (DMFT) scores of 0-3. The largest component of the DMFT and caries experience by surface index was the filled component. Females had higher caries prevalence and caries scores than males. The mouth and tooth prevalences of enamel defects were 56% and 21.8%, respectively. The most common type of enamel defects observed were diffuse opacities, affecting 95.5% of affected subjects and 92.1% of affected teeth. One-third of subjects had healthy gingival conditions, 8.6% had bleeding gingivae, 55.1% had calculus and 3% had pockets. Less than 1% of subjects wore or required dentures. Cleft lip and/or palate was uncommon. This study shows that the prevalence of caries and DMFT scores have declined over the last 30 years.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health
  6. Fulltext The Immediate Term Effect Of Chewing Commercially Available Meswak (Salvadora Persica) On Levels Of Calcium, Chloride, Phosphate And Thiocyanate In Whole Saliva.
    Kaur, S., Abdul Jalil, R., Akmar, S.L.
    Ann Dent, 2004;11(1):-.
    MyJurnal
    The objective of this study was to determine the effect of chewing commercially available meswak may have on levels of calcium, chloride, phosphate and thiocyanate in stimulated whole saliva. A total of 20 subjects participated in the investigation. They were distributed into two groups. Those in group A (10 individuals) were asked to first chew on a cotton roll (sized #1) followed by the chewing of an equivalent sized 5mm piece of commercially available meswak. Subjects in group B (10 individuals) did the same but, chewed on cotton roll (sized #2) followed by the chewing of an equivalent sized 10mm piece of commercially available meswak. After following a specified chewing protocol, samples of stimulated whole saliva were collected into a graduated tube at the end of every chewing regime. Calcium, chloride, phosphate and thiocyanate analysis were carried out using colour titration and spectrophotometer. Results from this investigation indicated that commercially available meswak chewing sticks apart from containing high amounts of calcium and chloride may possibly release phosphate and thiocyanate into whole saliva. These findings suggest that the commercially available meswak used as chewing sticks may have the potential of releasing substances into saliva that could influence the state of oral health. Further studies have to be carried out to ascertain the therapeutic benefits of chewing commercially available meswak.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health
  7. An exploratory study on cultural variations in oral health attitudes, behaviour and values of freshman (first-year) dental students
    Kawamura M, Wright FA, Declerck D, Freire MC, Hu DY, Honkala E, et al.
    Int Dent J, 2005 Aug;55(4):205-11.
    PMID: 16167608
    To identify similarities and differences in oral health attitudes, behaviour and values among freshman dental students.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health*
  8. Derivation and validation of the short version of the Malaysian Oral Health Impact Profile
    Saub R, Locker D, Allison P
    Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 2005 Oct;33(5):378-83.
    PMID: 16128798
    This paper describes the development of a short version of the Malaysian Oral Health Impact Profile.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health*
  9. Fulltext Patient's Perceptions And Knowledge On Tooth Bleaching
    Ahmad, R., Ariffin, E.H.Z.M., Vengrasalam, I., Kasim, N.H.A.
    Ann Dent, 2005;12(1):-.
    MyJurnal
    The main objective of this study was to assess knowledge on tooth bleaching among patients visiting dental health care centres in Klang Valley. A total of 200 patients were conveniently selected and interviewed using structured questionnaires. Among the 200 respondents, 75.5% knew about bleaching. There was no statistically significant difference in knowledge of bleaching in relation to age, gender, ethnic group and income level of the patients interviewed (p>0.05) but the education level had a significant influence (p=0.049). Respondents with tertiary education had better knowledge about tooth bleaching as compared to those respondents without tertiary education. The sources of information about bleaching came from advertisements on electronic media (65.5%), articles in newspapers and magazines (14.7%), dentists (10.9%) and family and friends (8.8%). Out of the 75.5% of respondents who knew about bleaching, 18.2% had tried bleaching their teeth using either over-the-counter products or had undergone professional bleaching treatment. The commonest reasons cited for bleaching treatment were to remove coffee and tea stains (70%) and cigarette stains (16.7%). 73.3% of these patients were satisfied with the results achieved after bleaching. However, the majority of these patients (59.6%) were unsure of the safety of these bleaching products/procedures. In conclusion, 75.5% of patients interviewed in this study knew that bleaching is one of the treatment options available to improve dental aesthetics but only 18.2% have tried bleaching their teeth. Their main source of knowledge about bleaching came from advertisements on electronic media.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health
  10. Fulltext Oral health awareness and status among Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia first year dental students
    Zamirah Zainal Abidin, Shahida Mohd Said, Irma Shida Abu Samah, Mohd Yufi Ariandi Mohd Yusoff
    Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2005;3(1):1-16.
    MyJurnal
    The oral health awareness and status among the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia first year dental students were studied. Seventy-three subjects underwent two components of assessment: questionnaire assessing oral health awareness and behaviour, and clinical examination of oral health status. Indices used including Plaque, Calculus, Community Periodontal Index for Treatment Needs (CPITN) and total score of Decayed, Missing, Filled and teeth indicated for Extraction (DMFX[T]). More than 90% of the subjects were reported to brush their teeth twice or more daily and used supplemental cleaning tools. They also knew the importance of healthy oral condition, the various causes and prevention of tooth decay and gum diseases. Although 70.3% felt they need dental treatment, the majority (81.9%) visited the dentist only when they feel it is necessary to do so. Clinical examination showed low scores of 0.99 and 0.40 for mean plaque and calculus indices, respectively, while 80.8% of the subjects have mild calculus accumulation. Code 2 of the CPITN Index was the highest (70.3%) among the subjects. The total DMFX was 291, with mean score of 0.14 per subject and the decayed component was the highest (D=186 teeth). These findings suggest that the subjects have acceptable oral health awareness, and also good existing oral health status.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health
  11. Fulltext The impact of oral conditions on the quality of life of the Malaysian adult population: preliminary results
    Saub R, Locker D
    Med J Malaysia, 2006 Oct;61(4):438-46.
    PMID: 17243521
    The aim of this paper is to describe the impact of oral conditions on the quality of life of the adult population of Malaysia. The adapted Malaysian Oral Health Impact Profile (L-OHIP-M) questionnaire was used. A total of two hundred and twenty respondents completed the L-OHIP(M). Overall, slightly more than 50% of the sample had at least one impact reported as either "very often" or "often". The younger age group, Indian ethnic and those who had tertiary education reported more impacts. The preliminary results revealed that a substantial proportion of the sample included in this study experienced frequent psychosocial impacts associated with oral conditions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health*
  12. The hierarchical cluster analysis of oral health attitudes and behaviour using the Hiroshima University--Dental Behavioural Inventory (HU-DBI) among final year dental students in 17 countries
    Komabayashi T, Kawamura M, Kim KJ, Wright FA, Declerck D, Goiâs Mdo C, et al.
    Int Dent J, 2006 Oct;56(5):310-6.
    PMID: 17069075
    OBJECTIVE: To explore and describe international oral health attitudes/ behaviours among final year dental students.

    METHODS: Validated translated versions of the Hiroshima University-Dental Behavioural Inventory (HU-DBI) questionnaire were administered to 1,096 final-year dental students in 17 countries. Hierarchical cluster analysis was conducted within the data to detect patterns and groupings.

    RESULTS: The overall response rate was 72%. The cluster analysis identified two main groups among the countries. Group 1 consisted of twelve countries: one Oceanic (Australia), one Middle-Eastern (Israel), seven European (Northern Ireland, England, Finland, Greece, Germany, Italy, and France) and three Asian (Korea, Thailand and Malaysia) countries. Group 2 consisted of five countries: one South American (Brazil), one European (Belgium) and three Asian (China, Indonesia and Japan) countries. The percentages of 'agree' responses in three HU-DBI questionnaire items were significantly higher in Group 2 than in Group 1. They include: "I worry about the colour of my teeth."; "I have noticed some white sticky deposits on my teeth."; and "I am bothered by the colour of my gums."

    CONCLUSION: Grouping the countries into international clusters yielded useful information for dentistry and dental education.

    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health*
  13. Fulltext Good oral health, adequate nutrient consumption and family support are associated with a reduced risk of being underweight amongst older Malaysian residents of publicly funded shelter homes
    Visvanathan R, Ahmad Z
    Asia Pac J Clin Nutr, 2006;15(3):400-5.
    PMID: 16837433
    A low body mass index in older people has been associated with increased mortality. The main objective of this study was to identify factors associated with low body mass indices [ BMIs] (< 18.5 kg/m2) in older residents of shelter care facilities in Peninsular Malaysia. 1081 elderly people (59% M) over the age of 60 years were surveyed using questionnaires determining baseline demographics, nutritional and cognitive status, physical function and psychological well being. Body mass index was also determined. Subjects were recruited from publicly funded shelter homes in Peninsular Malaysia. 14.3% of residents had BMIs < 18.5 kg/m2. Multivariate analyses (adjusted for age and sex) revealed that having no family (RR 1.98[95%CI 1.40-2.82], p<0.001) and negative responses to statement 3 [I eat few fruits or vegetables or milk products] (RR 0.62 [95% CI 0.42-0.90]; P= 0.013) and statement 5 [I have tooth or mouth problems that make it hard for me to eat] (RR 0.69 [95%CI 0.50-0.96]; P= 0.023) of the ' Determine Your Nutritional Health Checklist' were independently associated with low BMIs (<18.5 kg/m2). Older people with no family support were at risk of becoming underweight. Older people who consumed fruits, vegetables or milk or had good oral health were less likely to be underweight. Nutrient intake, oral health and social support were important in ensuring healthy body weight in older Malaysians.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health*
  14. Fulltext Training dental officers and nurses in the index of orthodontic treatment need (iotn) as a screening tool in public health facilities
    Loke, Shuet Toh
    Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2006;6(2):49-55.
    MyJurnal
    The objective of this pilot cross-sectional study was to assess effcacy of training dental officers (DO) and nurses (DN) in the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). A conventional training method of lectures, manual; and md5,0n* exettise was used for bath Lest groups. 30 study models in all grades in the Aesthetic component (AC) and dental health component (DHC) were graded by 27 subjects (13 DO, 14 DN) after training. Results were cnrrlparedfor agreement with an exper; group, Kappa statistic: was used to assess strength in agreement in correct grouping of AC and DHC in the Categorie; gf treatment need, Wilcoxon Rank sum test was used to compare mean kappa and % 0 correct res ames in the test. Spearman rank correlation was used to test association of 11g experience with mean kappa values. There was ‘m0demte’ agreement in correct groupingfor ojjqcers in AC (K=O.5l) and DHC (K`=O.4l); Cmd 'fair’ j‘0'f TluTS€S in AC (K=O.40) and DHC (K:O,34). There was no significant difference between groups. Subjects were better at identifying cases with definite need than little/ borderline need for treatment. There was more inaccurate grading in DHC Gmde+qualifier for both groups (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health
  15. Fulltext Chief dentists' perceived strengths and weaknesses of oral health promotion activities in Malaysia
    Ab Murat, N., Watt, R.G.
    Ann Dent, 2006;13(1):1-5.
    MyJurnal
    The main aim of this study is to get the Malaysian chief dentists’ perceptions of the oral health promotion activities currently taking place in their respective states in terms of the strengths and weaknesses of these activities. A qualitative method using an open-ended questionnaire was used to obtain this information. The study samples consist of all the chief dentists in Malaysia who represented a majority of population in their states. The results showed that the main current oral health promotion activities is dental health education talks which aims to disseminate oral health information through health education talks, toothbrushing drills, dental exhibition, pamphlets, brochures and publications. Half of the respondents felt that the commitment of the staff, the support of the public sectors and collaboration with other agencies are the main strengths while the lack of staff and fund has been said as the weaknesses. A range of opportunities however exist to strengthen oral health promotion in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health
  16. Fulltext Validation of the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) in the Malay language
    Othman WN, Muttalib KA, Bakri R, Doss JG, Jaafar N, Salleh NC, et al.
    J Public Health Dent, 2006;66(3):199-204.
    PMID: 16913247 DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-7325.2006.tb02580.x
    Objective: To translate and validate the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI into the Malay language for use in Malaysia.

    Methodology: The 6-Likert scale GOHAI was translated into the Malay language and self-administered on 189 subjects aged 60+. All subjects underwent oral status assessment. The measure was assessed for construct and discriminant validity, for test-retest reliability and principal component factor.

    Findings: Mean GOHAI score was 46.2 (SD 9.7, range 17-60). The Cronbach's alpha was 0.79. Mean GOHAI scores increased with more positive self-rated oral health and general health. The elderly with no perceived dental treatment need had higher mean GOHAI scores than those with perceived needs. There were slightly stronger inverse correlations between GOHAI scores and caries experience, number of teeth present, and number of pathologically mobile teeth. The measure demonstrated strong test-retest reliability. Eight of the 12 items had Spearman's r3 0.7. Only one principal factor was found at eigenvalue > 1. Using ANCOVA, self-rated perception of oral health and perceived need for dental treatment had the most significant impact on the GOHAI score.

    Conclusion and recommendations: The Malay language version of the GOHAI demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability and will be an important instrument to measure oral health-related quality of life among Malay-speaking Malaysians. Use of the Malay language version GOHAI should also be pursued among diverse adult age groups.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health*
  17. Cross-cultural adaptation of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) for the Malaysian adult population
    Saub R, Locker D, Allison P, Disman M
    Community Dent Health, 2007 Sep;24(3):166-75.
    PMID: 17958078
    The aim of this project was to develop an oral health related-quality of life measure for the Malaysian adult population aged 18 and above by the cross-cultural adaption the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP).
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health*
  18. Fulltext Oral hygiene practices among the visually impaired adolescents
    Azrina, A.N., Norzuliza, G., R. Saub, R.
    Ann Dent, 2007;14(1):1-6.
    MyJurnal
    The purpose of this study was to gather information on the oral hygiene behaviour among the visually impaired adolescents. Interview and observation methods were used to collect data. A total of 114 visually impaired adolescents were interviewed and 10 of the interviewees were selected for observation on the actual oral hygiene practices. The mean age of the sample was 16 years old. The sample comprised of 53.5% female, majority were Malays (86.8%) and most of them were from the lower income group. Fifty four percent of the sample had low vision and 45.6% were blind. All of the participants reported that they brushed their teeth daily and most of them brushed twice a day or more. Flossing (6.1%) was not common practice among this group. It was observed that they encountered some difficulties, especially when putting the toothpaste on the toothbrush and also the way that they brushed their teeth could cause detrimental effect to the oral cavity. Thus, they need to be taught on proper oral hygiene care so that they can practice safe oral hygiene care and maintain their own oral health.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health
  19. Fulltext Dental caries experience of elderly people living in “Pondok” in Kelantan
    Seman, K., Abdul Manaf, H., Ismail, A.R.
    Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2007;2(1):20-25.
    MyJurnal
    Limited information is available about the oral health of elderly people living in “Pondok” in Kelantan. This study aimed to assess the dentition status of elderly population staying in Islamic Religious Community Setup, “Pondok” in Kelantan. A cross sectional study involving 369 elderly people was carried out. A simple random sampling method was utilized for the selection of the subjects. Oral examination was done to assess the dentition status and data was analyzed using SPSS 11.5 version. The response rate was 95.6%. Majority of the subjects were edentulous (81.0%). The mean number of natural teeth, functional natural teeth, decayed teeth (D), missing teeth (M) and teeth indicated for extraction (X) were 3.22 (SD 7.54), 2.75 (SD 6.70), 0.06 (SD 0.48), 28.80 (SD 7.51) and 0.41 (SD 1.60) respectively. Among 70 dentate subjects, the mean number of natural teeth, functional natural teeth, occluding pair of functional natural teeth, decayed teeth (D), missing teeth (M), teeth indicated for extraction (X) and DMFX(T) index were 17.1 (SD 8.00), 14.5 (SD 8.11), 6.3 (SD 4.22), 0.3 (SD 1.06), 15.1 (SD 8.20), 2.2 (SD 3.14) and 17.6 (SD 8.08) respectively. There was no teeth had been filled (F). The proportion of subjects having minimum 20 functional natural teeth was 7.3%. The above results indicate that dental caries status of elderly people living in “Pondok” in Kelantan was unsatisfactory with high percentage of edentulism, contributing to the high value of the mean DMFX(T) index, 29.3 (SD 6.63).
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health
  20. Fulltext Efficacy of training dental officers in the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN)
    Loke, S.T.
    Malaysian Dental Journal, 2007;28(1):24-31.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: There is generally inconsistent appropriate orthodontic referral among local dentists. Orthodontic indices are not routinely used to assess the need for treatment. The aim of this pilot study is to evaluate the efficacy of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) as an educational tool to improve their ability to assess orthodontic treatment need.

    Methodology: Local dental officers assessed 30 study models on two occasions (before and after IOTN training) and their findings compared with an expert group for agreement in IOTN scores and referral decisions. Training comprised oral/visual presentation, instruction manuals, ‘hands-on’ and self-study. Kappa statistic (?) was used to assess agreement.

    Results: As a group there was no significant improvement in referral decisions after training with only ‘moderate’ agreement (?=0.47), although half of the subjects improved. Agreement was better with aesthetic (?=0.51) than functional (?=0.41) assessment. ‘Sensitivity’ was 82.4% and ‘Specificity’ was 58.2% but both were not statistically significant before and after training.

    Conclusion: The IOTN has potential as an educational tool for improving the diagnostic skills of dental officers. More accurate assessment of the Dental Health Component with the IOTN ruler and familiarity with the Aesthetic Component has to be emphasized in future training.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health
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